JP2005002977A - Waterproof construction of submersible pump - Google Patents

Waterproof construction of submersible pump Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005002977A
JP2005002977A JP2003197455A JP2003197455A JP2005002977A JP 2005002977 A JP2005002977 A JP 2005002977A JP 2003197455 A JP2003197455 A JP 2003197455A JP 2003197455 A JP2003197455 A JP 2003197455A JP 2005002977 A JP2005002977 A JP 2005002977A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
submersible pump
water
motor
chamber
shaft seal
Prior art date
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Pending
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JP2003197455A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takao Yamamoto
孝夫 山本
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to JP2003197455A priority Critical patent/JP2005002977A/en
Publication of JP2005002977A publication Critical patent/JP2005002977A/en
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  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of a submersible pump that it requires an electrical leak alarm or periodical maintenance for leakage prevention that is the lowest necessary condition for the submersible pump because even the expensive axial sealing cannot completely satisfy the same. <P>SOLUTION: The submersible pump comprises an external gas generator/feeder and a device for injecting a gas therefrom into a motor casing or a sealed shaft trunk by way of a feed pipe such that the airtight portion can be kept higher in pressure than the outside. As a result, it is possible to prevent water infiltration. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
電動機一体型の乾式水中ポンプにおいて、電動機内に水の浸入を防止する技術分野。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
水中ポンプは、(図2)のようになっていて、電動機内に水が浸入すると漏電を起こすため、電動機室及び軸シール室に水が進入しない密閉構造となっている。
ただし、電動機主軸はポンプの主軸と一体となり水中にまで出ていて完全な密閉構造が不可能であるため、途中軸シールを設け、そこから上へは水が浸入しない構造とし、電動機の漏電を防いでいる。
しかし電動機室内は組立て時に通常大気圧になっているのに対し、外部の水圧はこれより高くなっている。しかもこのメカニカルシールの摺動面は、摺動するためには理論上必ず隙間が存在するため、僅かではあるが水は摺動面を通過し内部に必ず進入する。
このように完全に機密性を維持することは困難であるため、軸シールに止水性の高いメカニカルシールを使用し、電動機に進入する水を問題が発生しない量にまで減らしている。(例えば、特開2002−005306)
あるいは、シール室に水が浸入した水がある量に達したとき、警報を発し運転を停止するようにしている。(例えば、特開2002−005306)
あるいは、水中ポンプの設置水深が深くてメカニカルシールでも漏水を防止することが困難な場合は、電動機内部を全て完全に絶縁し、電動機内に水を充満したまま運転できるようにしている。(例えば、キャンド式水中モータ)
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一般的に水中ポンプは縦軸構造(図2参照)となっており、上から電動機室(9)、軸シール室(4)、ポンプ室(8)の順にあり、下方向に出ている軸(7)周り以外は全て密閉の下向き袋状の構造となっている。
この軸貫通部に隙間があるため、ここから水の浸入する可能性があり、その対策を軸シール(5)にて施している。
軸シール(5)から少量の水が漏れて進入した場合でも、上部が密閉構造であるため、その進入した水の容積分、気密室内の空気が圧縮され、内部圧が上昇する結果、ある程度以上漏水は進まない。
しかし、長時間経過するうちに気密室内部の空気は進入した水に溶解し減少するため、気密室内の水位が上昇し、ついには電動機の漏電による障害を起こす。
そのため水中ポンプは、軸シール部摺動面の接触圧力を常に高く維持するメカニカルシールを使用することで、可能な限り水の浸入を減らす構造を採用している。
この結果、次項の欠点が生じている。
▲1▼接触圧が高いため、摺動面での軸動力の損失が大きくなる。特に小さなポンプではこれによる損失の割合が大きく、効率を大きく低下させている。
▲2▼接触圧が高いため摺動面の磨耗が大きくなり、これを防止するため軸シールに特殊な耐磨耗材が必要となったり、寿命が短くなったりすることで、軸シールのコスト増を招いている。
▲3▼接触圧が高いため、軸シールの交換が困難になり、点検維持費が大きくなっている。
▲4▼完全な止水を維持することはできないため、漏水検知警報装置等を必要とする場合がある。
▲5▼完全な止水を維持することはできないため、漏水対策として軸シール室の水抜き作業を定期維持管理により行う必要がある。
▲6▼大きい軸シールを使用するため主軸が長くなり、そのため軸強度を上げるため主軸の径が大きくなり、その結果ポンプが全体に大きくなる。
また、キャンド式水中モータを使用した場合も下記の欠点がある。
▲1▼電動機回転子の水による回転抵抗が大きくなり、電動機の効率が低下する。
▲2▼電動機に特殊な絶縁処理が必要となりコスト増となる。
▲3▼電動機の整流子が使用できなくなる。
【0004】
【問題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、この水中ポンプ電動機室(9)又は軸シール室(4)に外部からガスを注入することで、気圧を外部より高く維持し、水への溶解により減少するガスを補充することができれば、水の進入を防止することを実現するものである。
(図1)の様に、外部にガス供給装置(1)を設け、水中ポンプの電動機室或いは、軸シール室(4)にガスを供給することにより、水中ポンプの電動機室及び軸シール室の気圧を高く保ことができ、水の浸入を防止する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
基本的には外部にガス供給装置(1)を用意し電動気室(9)に、ホースや管(2)、ホース接続器(3)を通し、ガスを常時少しずつ供給するようにしたものである(図1参照)。
ガスの注入圧は、ポンプの最大設置水深の水圧より高く設定されている必要がある。
注入量は、運転中に暖まったポンプが停止後冷却されるとき、電動機室内のガスが収縮する速度を上回る量が必要量となる。
(図3)のように軸シール室内の水位が上昇したときにのみガス注入口に設けられたボールタップ(15)が開き、ガスを注入する方法も可能である。
(図4)のように軸シール室内の水位が上昇したとき、水位計(14)からの信号により電気的に電磁弁(13)を開する方法も可能である。
またガス供給装置には、化学反応によりガスを供給する装置や、小型のガスボンベに流量調整弁を取付けたものや、他の設備のガス供給系統から配管にて接続するものも使用することができる。
【0006】
【発明の効果】
水中ポンプにガスを注入することにより、水の浸入を防止できることから、軸シールは不要となり(図1)の構造となる。
ただし場合によっては短時間の気密性維持のため、簡単なオイルシール等を取付ける場合も考えられる。
その結果、水中ポンプに以下の改善がなされる。
▲1▼高価なメカニカルシールが不要になるためコスト低下になる。
▲2▼メカニカルシールの交換が不要になることから、定期的な維持管理期間を長くできるため維持費の低減になる。
▲3▼軸シールの摩擦抵抗が無くなるためポンプの動力効率が改善される。
▲4▼メカニカルシールのような大きな軸シールが不要になるため、ポンプを小型に出来る。
▲5▼熱伝導性のよいガスを使用することにより、電動機の放熱性を良くすることが可能となる。
▲6▼粘性の低いガスを使用することにより、電動機回転子の回転空気抵抗を低減させることができるため、電動機の効率改善が可能となる。
▲7▼ガス注入により電動機室内の酸素を除去できる結果、整流子の電気接点の焼損劣化を低減させることができるため、電動機の寿命及び点検期間の延長が可能となり、維持管理費の低減になる。
▲8▼ガス発生器が必要となるが、チューブの着脱及びガス発生器の交換は外部から簡単に交換できるので、維持管理が低減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の水中ポンプ構造図
【図2】従来の水中ポンプの構造図
【図3】ガスの注入をボールタップバルブで制御する場合の構造
【図4】ガスの注入を水位計の電気信号で電磁弁にて制御する場合の構造
【符号の説明】
1. ガス供給装置
2. ガス注入ホース
3. ホース接続器
4. 軸シール室
5. 軸シール(メカニカルシール)
6. インペラ
7. 主軸
8. ポンプ室
9. 電動機(電動機室)
10. 軸受け
11. ポンプハウジング
12. 吐出口
13. 電磁弁
14. 水位計
15. ボールタップ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Technical field to prevent water from entering the motor in the dry submersible pump with integrated motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The submersible pump is configured as shown in FIG. 2 and has a sealed structure in which water does not enter the motor chamber and the shaft seal chamber because electric leakage occurs when water enters the motor.
However, since the motor main shaft is integrated with the pump main shaft into the water and a complete sealing structure is impossible, a shaft seal is provided on the way, and water is not allowed to enter from there to prevent electric leakage of the motor. It is preventing.
However, while the motor chamber is normally at atmospheric pressure when assembled, the external water pressure is higher than this. In addition, the sliding surface of this mechanical seal always has a gap in order to slide, so water slightly passes through the sliding surface and surely enters the inside.
Since it is difficult to maintain confidentiality completely in this way, a mechanical seal having a high water-stopping property is used for the shaft seal, and water entering the electric motor is reduced to an amount that does not cause a problem. (For example, JP2002-005306)
Alternatively, when a certain amount of water has entered the seal chamber, an alarm is issued and the operation is stopped. (For example, JP2002-005306)
Alternatively, when it is difficult to prevent water leakage even with a mechanical seal because the depth of installation of the submersible pump is deep, the entire interior of the electric motor is completely insulated so that the motor can be operated with water filled. (For example, canned submersible motor)
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, the submersible pump has a vertical axis structure (see FIG. 2). From the top, the electric motor chamber (9), the shaft seal chamber (4), and the pump chamber (8) are in this order, and the shaft protrudes downward. (7) Everything except the surroundings has a sealed downward bag-like structure.
Since there is a gap in the shaft penetrating portion, there is a possibility that water may enter from here, and the countermeasure is taken by the shaft seal (5).
Even if a small amount of water leaks from the shaft seal (5), the upper part has a sealed structure, so the air in the airtight chamber is compressed by the volume of the water that has entered, resulting in an increase in internal pressure. Leakage does not progress.
However, the air in the hermetic chamber dissolves and decreases in the water that has entered as the time elapses, so that the water level in the hermetic chamber rises and eventually causes a failure due to electric leakage of the motor.
For this reason, the submersible pump employs a structure that reduces the ingress of water as much as possible by using a mechanical seal that maintains the contact pressure of the sliding surface of the shaft seal portion at a high level.
As a result, the drawbacks of the next item are generated.
(1) Since the contact pressure is high, the loss of shaft power on the sliding surface increases. In particular, a small pump has a large loss ratio, which greatly reduces the efficiency.
(2) High contact pressure increases the wear on the sliding surface. To prevent this, the shaft seal requires a special wear-resistant material and shortens the service life, thereby increasing the cost of the shaft seal. Is invited.
(3) Since the contact pressure is high, it is difficult to replace the shaft seal, and the inspection and maintenance costs are high.
(4) Since a complete water stop cannot be maintained, a water leakage detection alarm device or the like may be required.
(5) Since complete water stoppage cannot be maintained, the shaft seal chamber must be drained by periodic maintenance to prevent water leakage.
{Circle around (6)} Since the large shaft seal is used, the main shaft becomes longer. For this reason, the diameter of the main shaft is increased in order to increase the shaft strength.
Also, when a canned submersible motor is used, there are the following drawbacks.
(1) The rotational resistance of the motor rotor due to water increases, and the efficiency of the motor decreases.
(2) A special insulation treatment is required for the electric motor, which increases costs.
(3) The commutator of the motor cannot be used.
[0004]
[Means for solving problems]
In the present invention, by injecting gas from the outside into the submersible pump electric motor chamber (9) or the shaft seal chamber (4), the atmospheric pressure can be maintained higher than the outside, and the gas decreased by dissolution in water can be replenished. If possible, it is possible to prevent water from entering.
As shown in FIG. 1, an external gas supply device (1) is provided, and gas is supplied to the motor chamber of the submersible pump or the shaft seal chamber (4), so that the motor chamber and the shaft seal chamber of the submersible pump are provided. The air pressure can be kept high, preventing water from entering.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Basically, a gas supply device (1) is prepared outside and the gas is always supplied little by little through the electric air chamber (9) through the hose, pipe (2) and hose connector (3). (See FIG. 1).
The gas injection pressure needs to be set higher than the maximum water depth of the pump.
When the pump that has been warmed during operation is cooled after being stopped, the injection amount exceeds the rate at which the gas in the motor chamber contracts.
A method of injecting gas by opening the ball tap (15) provided at the gas inlet only when the water level in the shaft seal chamber rises as shown in FIG. 3 is also possible.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the water level in the shaft seal chamber rises, a method of opening the electromagnetic valve (13) electrically by a signal from the water level meter (14) is also possible.
In addition, the gas supply device may be a device that supplies gas by a chemical reaction, a device that is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve in a small gas cylinder, or a device that is connected by piping from a gas supply system of other equipment. .
[0006]
【The invention's effect】
By injecting gas into the submersible pump, water can be prevented from entering, so that the shaft seal becomes unnecessary (FIG. 1).
However, in some cases, a simple oil seal or the like may be installed to maintain airtightness for a short time.
As a result, the following improvements are made to the submersible pump.
(1) Cost is reduced because an expensive mechanical seal is not required.
(2) Since it is not necessary to replace the mechanical seal, the maintenance cost can be reduced because the regular maintenance period can be extended.
(3) Since the frictional resistance of the shaft seal is eliminated, the power efficiency of the pump is improved.
(4) Since a large shaft seal such as a mechanical seal is not required, the pump can be miniaturized.
(5) It is possible to improve the heat dissipation of the electric motor by using a gas having good thermal conductivity.
(6) By using a gas having low viscosity, the rotational air resistance of the electric motor rotor can be reduced, so that the efficiency of the electric motor can be improved.
(7) As a result of the removal of oxygen in the motor chamber by gas injection, the burnout deterioration of the electrical contacts of the commutator can be reduced, so that the motor life and inspection period can be extended, and maintenance costs are reduced. .
(8) A gas generator is required, but the attachment and detachment of the tube and the replacement of the gas generator can be easily replaced from the outside, so maintenance can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Structure of submersible pump according to the present invention [Fig. 2] Structure of conventional submersible pump [Fig. 3] Structure when gas injection is controlled by a ball tap valve [Fig. 4] Electric injection of water level meter Structure for control by solenoid valve with signal [Explanation of symbols]
1. 1. Gas supply device 2. Gas injection hose Hose connector 4. 4. Shaft seal chamber Shaft seal (mechanical seal)
6). Impeller 7. Main shaft 8. Pump room 9. Electric motor (motor room)
10. Bearing 11. Pump housing 12. Discharge port 13. Solenoid valve 14. Water level meter15. Ball tap

Claims (1)

縦軸乾式水中ポンプにおいて、外部から電動機室或いは軸シール室にガスを注入し、外部に対して正圧に維持することで軸シール部からの水の浸入を防止することを特徴とする装置。In the vertical submersible pump, the apparatus prevents the intrusion of water from the shaft seal portion by injecting gas from the outside into the motor chamber or the shaft seal chamber and maintaining a positive pressure with respect to the outside.
JP2003197455A 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Waterproof construction of submersible pump Pending JP2005002977A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003197455A JP2005002977A (en) 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Waterproof construction of submersible pump

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003197455A JP2005002977A (en) 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Waterproof construction of submersible pump

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2005002977A true JP2005002977A (en) 2005-01-06

Family

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JP2003197455A Pending JP2005002977A (en) 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Waterproof construction of submersible pump

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009250419A (en) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-29 Okm:Kk Air supply plug and electric motor for valve drive
CN102938596A (en) * 2011-08-16 2013-02-20 吴为国 Stator positioning method of thin-wall motor, water pump with water-cooled motor and aerator
CN103671267A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-26 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 Low-pressure alarming device and centrifugal pump with low-pressure alarming function
WO2014145803A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc Pump assemblies and methods for inhibiting oxygen from entering water supply systems
US9526933B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2016-12-27 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc High nitrogen and other inert gas anti-corrosion protection in wet pipe fire protection system
US9610466B2 (en) 2009-10-27 2017-04-04 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc Controlled discharge gas vent
CN112833190A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-05-25 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Rotary mechanical sealing system suitable for high-density and high-viscosity working medium
CN113595306A (en) * 2021-08-03 2021-11-02 合肥恒大江海泵业股份有限公司 Self-balancing differential pressure type submersible motor

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009250419A (en) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-29 Okm:Kk Air supply plug and electric motor for valve drive
US10188885B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2019-01-29 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc High nitrogen and other inert gas anti-corrosion protection in wet pipe fire protection system
US10799738B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2020-10-13 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc High nitrogen and other inert gas anti-corrosion protection in wet pipe fire protection systems
US10946227B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2021-03-16 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc High nitrogen and other inert gas anti-corrosion protection in wet pipe fire protection system
US9717935B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2017-08-01 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc Venting assembly for wet pipe fire protection sprinkler system
US9526933B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2016-12-27 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc High nitrogen and other inert gas anti-corrosion protection in wet pipe fire protection system
US9610466B2 (en) 2009-10-27 2017-04-04 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc Controlled discharge gas vent
US10420970B2 (en) 2009-10-27 2019-09-24 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc Controlled discharge gas vent
CN102938596B (en) * 2011-08-16 2015-06-03 吴为国 Stator positioning method of thin-wall motor, water pump with water-cooled motor and aerator
CN102938596A (en) * 2011-08-16 2013-02-20 吴为国 Stator positioning method of thin-wall motor, water pump with water-cooled motor and aerator
US20160030786A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-02-04 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc Pump Assemblies And Methods For Inhibiting Oxygen From Entering Water Supply Systems
WO2014145803A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Engineered Corrosion Solutions, Llc Pump assemblies and methods for inhibiting oxygen from entering water supply systems
CN103671267A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-26 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 Low-pressure alarming device and centrifugal pump with low-pressure alarming function
CN112833190A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-05-25 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Rotary mechanical sealing system suitable for high-density and high-viscosity working medium
CN113595306A (en) * 2021-08-03 2021-11-02 合肥恒大江海泵业股份有限公司 Self-balancing differential pressure type submersible motor

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