JP2005002134A - Easy-to-tear aliphatic polyester film - Google Patents

Easy-to-tear aliphatic polyester film Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005002134A
JP2005002134A JP2002339238A JP2002339238A JP2005002134A JP 2005002134 A JP2005002134 A JP 2005002134A JP 2002339238 A JP2002339238 A JP 2002339238A JP 2002339238 A JP2002339238 A JP 2002339238A JP 2005002134 A JP2005002134 A JP 2005002134A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
film
aliphatic polyester
polyester film
tear
extinction coefficient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002339238A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Keizo Kawahara
恵造 河原
Shigeto Yoshida
成人 吉田
Masayuki Tsutsumi
正幸 堤
Yoshiko Akitomo
由子 秋友
Tetsuyasu Nagayoshi
哲庸 永良
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyobo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Toyobo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyobo Co Ltd filed Critical Toyobo Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002339238A priority Critical patent/JP2005002134A/en
Priority to JP2003558074A priority patent/JPWO2003057765A1/en
Priority to US10/500,799 priority patent/US20050106345A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/000014 priority patent/WO2003057765A1/en
Priority to AU2003202471A priority patent/AU2003202471A1/en
Priority to KR1020047010562A priority patent/KR100920878B1/en
Priority to EP03701006A priority patent/EP1471095B1/en
Priority to DE60319805T priority patent/DE60319805T2/en
Publication of JP2005002134A publication Critical patent/JP2005002134A/en
Priority to US12/359,579 priority patent/US20090152095A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an environmentally responsive type biodegradable film having easiness to tear, twist fixing properties and transparency which are features of a cellophane film and further having heat resistance, aroma retention, toughness, etc., which are characteristics of an aliphatic polyester film in combination. <P>SOLUTION: An easy-to-tear aliphatic polyester film has ≥1,500 molecular extinction coefficient at 205 nm wavelength. For example, the molecular extinction coefficient can be increased to ≥1,500 by chemical modification by irradiating a biodegradable aliphatic polyester film with ultraviolet rays and easiness to tear and twist fixing properties appear in the film though the molecular extinction coefficient of a film obtained by usual film formation at 205 nm wavelength is <1,500. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【本発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は引裂き易い生分解性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムに関する。特に、耐熱性、保香性、耐水性、力学特性に優れ、且つ包装用フィルムや粘着テープ用フィルムとして有用な易引裂き性とひねり固定性の良好な生分解性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、易引裂き性の優れたフィルムとしてセロハンフィルムが知られている。セロハンフィルムは、透明性、易引裂き性、ひねり固定性等の特性が良好であるため、食品や医薬品の包装材料、粘着テープ用素材等に広く用いられている。しかし、一方ではセロハンフィルムは吸湿性が高く、フィルムの特性が季節により変動し一定の品質のものを常に供給することが困難である。また、セロハンフィルムは、その製造工程において硫酸、二硫化炭素といった毒性の高い物質を多量に使用するため、これらの流出時には、重大な環境汚染問題となる恐れがある。
【0003】
一方、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを基材とした包装用袋や粘着テープは、フィルムの強靱性、耐熱性、耐水性、透明性は優れているが、一方で、包装用袋としては開封時に口が引裂きにくい欠点やひねり固定性が劣るためにひねり包装用に用いることができないという欠点、粘着テープとしては手やディスペンサーで切りにくい等の欠点があった。
【0004】
上記欠点を解決する方法として、一軸方向に配向させたポリエステルフィルム(特公昭55−8551号公報)やジエチレングリコール成分などを共重合させたフィルム(特公昭56−50692号公報)や低分子量のポリエステル樹脂を用いたフィルム(特公昭55−20514号公報)などが提案されている。
【0005】
しかしながら、上記従来技術において、一軸方向に配向させる方法は、配向方向へは直線的に容易に切れるが、配向方向以外には切れにくい。また、ジエチレングリコール成分などを多量に共重合させる方法は、共重合によりポリエチレンテレフタレート本来の強靱性や耐熱性が失われるという欠点があった。又、低分子量のポリエステル樹脂を用いる方法では、延伸工程での破断のトラブルが発生しやすくなり、実用的ではなかった。
【0006】
これに対し特開平5−104618号公報では、ポリエステルフィルムを融点の異なるポリエステル樹脂からなる多層構成とし、製造工程において熱処理温度を制御することにより、耐熱性、保香性、耐水性、強靭性といった特性を維持しつつ、引裂き性とひねり固定性が良好なフィルムを得ている。又、延伸工程における破断トラブルも軽減させている。しかし、このフィルムでも引裂き性とひねり固定性は必ずしも十分ではない。又、生分解性も無いので、環境への負荷は考慮されていないという問題があった。
【0007】
一方、近年、廃棄物問題の深刻化から、より環境負荷の小さな包装用材料、粘着テープ材料の普及が望まれている。すなわち、ポリエチレンテレフタレートをはじめとするポリエステル等をフィルム、シートの形態で埋め立て廃棄した場合、これらが腐食、分解しにくいことから、自然環境下に残存し、環境汚染の一因となる。また、焼却処分においても、素材自体、あるいは積層材、添加剤の発熱量が高いためによる焼却炉の損傷や有害ガスの発生がもたらされ望ましくない。
【0008】
このような問題に対処するため、自然界に存在する微生物に分解される生分解性素材の開発が進められている。中でも乳酸系ポリエステルフィルムは耐熱性、保香性、透明性、強靭性、成形加工性に優れ、包装用素材、粘着テープ素材、容器、電子部品関連材料など広範囲にわたる用途展開が実現されつつある。
【0009】
【特許文献1】
特公昭55−8551号公報
【特許文献2】
特公昭56−50692号公報
【特許文献3】
特公昭55−20514号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平5−104618号公報
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、セロハンフィルムの特長である易引裂き性、ひねり固定性、透明性を有し、且つ脂肪族系ポリエステルフィルムの特長である耐熱性、保香性、強靭性等を合わせて有する環境対応型の生分解性フィルムを提供することを目的としたものである。
【0011】
【発明を解決するための手段】
本発明は、波長205nmにおける分子吸光係数が1500以上であることを特徴とする易引裂き性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムである。好ましい態様は、脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムの主成分が乳酸系ポリエステル樹脂である上記易引裂き性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムである。
【0012】
本発明の特徴である波長205nmにおける分子吸光係数が1500以上である易引裂き性脂族ポリエステルフィルムを得る手段としては、例えば、該脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムに紫外線を照射することにより、光化学反応によって脂肪族ポリエステルの化学変性を行なう方法が挙げられる。通常の製膜で得た脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムは、波長205nmにおける分子吸光係数が1500未満であるが、化学変性によって、該モル分子吸光係数を1500以上に増加させることができ、フィルムに易引裂き性とひねり固定性が発現する。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の易引裂き性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムを得るための原料樹脂としては、例えば、ポリブチレンサクシネート、ポリヒドロキシブチレート、ポリ乳酸等の脂肪族ジカルボン酸と脂肪族ジオール又は脂肪族のヒドロキシカルボン酸や脂肪族のラクチドから得られる脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂が挙げられる。これらの脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂は、共重合することも可能である。又、これらの樹脂に相溶性の樹脂又は非相溶性の樹脂を混合することも可能である。特に乳酸系ポリエステル樹脂は得られるフィルムが、耐熱性、保香性、透明性、強靭性、成形加工性に優れているので好ましい。乳酸系ポリエステル樹脂としては、L−乳酸重合体、D−乳酸重合体、またはそのブレンド体、その共重合体、更にそれらとポリヒドロキシブチレート等との共重合体、その他の樹脂との混合体を挙げることができる。
【0014】
脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂の分子量は、例えば、乳酸系ポリエステル樹脂の場合は、重量平均分子量で、1万以上50万以下が好ましく、特に好ましくは3万以上30万以下である。重量平均分子量が1万未満の場合、安定した押出しやキャスティングを行うことが困難となりやすく、逆に50万を越えると、押出し機内での圧力上昇のために溶融押出しが困難となりやすい。
【0015】
尚、本発明の脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムには、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で、公知の各種添加剤、例えば滑剤、顔料、熱安定化剤、酸化防止剤、帯電防止剤、耐衝撃性改良剤等が添加されていてもよい。
【0016】
本発明の脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムに十分な易引裂き性を付与するためには波長205nmにおける分子吸光係数を1500以上にする必要があり、そのため手段としては、例えば、フィルム製膜後に紫外線を照射することが挙げられる。照射する紫外線源としては、脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムが有する吸収波長領域に発光波長を有するものが好ましく、例えば、低圧水銀灯、高圧水銀灯、ケミカルランプ、キセノンランプ、ジルコニウムランプ、カーボンアーク灯、殺菌灯等、人工の光源を挙げる事ができるが、これらに限定されない。尚、太陽光等の自然光はその照度が小さいため、実際的ではない。また、紫外線だけでなく、電子線、γ線、X線等の脂肪族ポリエステルの構造を化学変性可能な高エネルギー線で処理してもよい。化学変性は、例えば、ポリマーの光酸化、架橋、分解等が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。処理の方法としては、フィルム製膜時のインライン処理でも、フィルム製膜後のバッチ処理でもよく、その方法は限定されない。
【0017】
本発明の脂肪族ポリエステル系延伸フィルムは、まず、脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂を押出機等で融点以上の温度で溶融し、ダイス出口から押し出して未延伸フィルムを得る。該未延伸フィルムを、更に一軸延伸または二軸延伸を行い、必要に応じて熱固定処理をすることによって得られる。特に二軸延伸フィルムは厚み斑が少なく、また引裂き方向性の均一なフィルムが得られ易い点で好ましい。
【0018】
本発明の脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムは、単層フィルムでも積層フィルムでもよく、積層フィルムである場合は、例えば、複数の押出機で融点以上の温度で別々に溶融し、ダイス出口から押し出して成形した未延伸フィルム同士を加温状態でラミネートする方法、又、一方の未延伸フィルムの表面に、他方の溶融フィルムを溶融ラミネートする方法、共押出し法により、フィードブロック内やダイス内で樹脂を溶融状態で積層させダイス出口より押し出して冷却固化する方法等で未延伸フィルムを得ることができる。ダイスはフラットダイ、環状ダイのいずれでも構わない。
【0019】
得られた単層または複層の未延伸のフィルムは、脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂の融点以下の温度で一軸延伸または二軸延伸を行う。例えば、乳酸系ポリエステル樹脂の場合は、40℃〜170℃で延伸する。延伸倍率は、一軸延伸の場合は少なくとも1.5倍以上、好ましくは3〜5倍であり、二軸延伸の場合は面積倍率で10倍以上、好ましくは16倍以上である。延伸倍率が低いと、延伸フィルムの引裂き性や厚みの斑が悪化する。延伸倍率が高すぎると、引裂きの方向性が強くなる点、生産中の破断が多くなり生産性が悪化する点で問題となる。又、二軸延伸する場合は、逐次延伸法、同時延伸法のいずれでも構わない。延伸方法もロール延伸法、テンター延伸法、インフレーション法いずれでも構わない。
【0020】
本発明の脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムは、延伸した後、更に熱固定処理や熱弛緩処理等の熱処理を行なうことで易引裂き性を付与することが好ましい。熱処理温度は、例えば、脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂の融点より0〜50℃低い温度で行う。例えば、乳酸系ポリエステル樹脂の場合は130℃〜170℃で熱処理するのが好適である。熱処理温度が低すぎると分子配向を崩すことができず、良好な引き裂き性のフィルムを得ることができない場合がある。熱処理温度が融点以上では、フィルムに穴空きが生じ、破断が多発して製膜が困難となる。また、熱固定処理の後、熱弛緩処理を行なうと熱寸法安定性が改善されるので好ましい。
【0021】
適切な延伸条件や熱処理条件、積層厚み構成の選択によって、易引裂き性やひねり固定性を改善できる。従って、例えば紫外線照射処理などで化学変性することで易引裂き性やひねり固定性を改善する前のフィルムは、引裂き性やひねり固定性の良好であることが好ましく、上記方法等を採用して製膜することが好ましい。
【0022】
また、本発明易引裂き性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムは、製膜工程において公知のコーティング方法によって接着性や印刷性等を改良するために表面加工してもよい。また、脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムの表面の濡れ性、接着性を向上させるためにコロナ処理、プラズマ処理、火炎処理等の表面加工を施しても構わない。
【0023】
又、本発明の易引裂き性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムは、包装用素材として、ドライラミネート、押出しラミネート等の公知の方法を用いてヒートシール性を有する樹脂層を積層させ、ヒートシール性を付与することができる。この場合、生分解性の観点からは、各種生分解性樹脂層を積層させることが好ましい。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を説明する。実施例および比較例における評価の方法については(a)〜(f)の方法で行った。
(a)融点
マックサイエンス社製DSC3100Sを用い、試料(10mg)をパンに入れ、220℃で10分間溶融後、急冷した後、室温から220℃まで10℃/分の昇温速度で融解による吸熱ピークを測定し、ピーク温度を融点とした。
【0025】
(b)重量平均分子量
標準物質としてポリスチレン(東ソー製)溶液を調製し、GPC較正曲線を作成し、GPC(昭和電工製Shodex−System−21)を用い、カラムはGMH×l本・GMH×l本・G2000H×l本(東ソー製)を直列接続して使用し、展開液溶媒はクロロホルム、カラム温度は40℃とし、RI検知で測定した。データはシステムインスルメント製SIC−480でデータ処理し、重量平均分子量を算出した。
【0026】
(C)分子吸光係数
分子吸光係数は、理化学辞典(岩波書店出版第3版増補版1350頁モル吸光係数)に記載のように、物質固有の係数である。本発明の分子吸光係数は、下記の方法でキャストした約5μm厚みのフイルムの紫外線吸収スペクトルを、日立製作所製自記分光光度計U−3500型を用いて測定し、波長205nmにおける吸光度Aからランベルト−ベールの式で求めた。(測定条件:スキャンスピード;60mm/min、サンプリング間隔;0.1nm)
分子吸光係数ε=A/b・c
A:吸光度(−)、b:フィルム厚さ(cm)とした、c:モル濃度は1とした。
測定用フイルムのキャスト法:試料を10%濃度でクロロホルムに溶解した溶液を、テフロン(R)処理したアルミ箔をガラス板上に貼り付けた基板のテフロン(R)処理面に滴下し50μmのギャップのスキージを用いて塗工し、室温で10分間乾燥した。該乾燥したフイルムを剥離し、50℃で2時間真空乾燥し測定用フイルムを得た。
【0027】
(d)端裂抵抗
JIS C2318−1975に準じて測定した。値が小さいほど引裂き易い。
【0028】
(e)易引裂き性
官能評価を行った。幅15mmのテープ状サンプルを縦方向、横方向について切り出し、それぞれの方向のサンプルを手で切断した時に、容易に手で引裂けるものを◎、多少劣るが容易に引裂けるものを○、容易には手で引裂けないものを△、手で引裂けないものを×とした。
【0029】
(f)ひねり固定性
官能評価を行った。幅30mmのテープ状サンプルを手でひねった時、ひねった状態で元に戻らないものを○、ひねった状態を維持できないものを×とした。
【0030】
(実施例1)
融点が175℃、重量平均分子量17万のL−乳酸系共重合体を2軸押出し機(スクリュー径=35φ、L/D=45:東芝機械製TEM)で溶融し、Tダイより200℃で押出し、未延伸フィルムを得た。
【0031】
該未延伸積層フィルムをまずロール延伸機で縦方向に75℃で3.4倍、次いでテンター延伸機で横方向に85℃で5.5倍延伸した後、155℃で熱固定処理を行い、降温過程で3%の弛緩処理を行ない25μmのフィルムを得た。尚、本フィルム製膜中は、破断等のトラブルはなく、生産性は良好であった。
【0032】
該フィルムを、殺菌灯(東芝製殺菌ランプGL20−A)を露光器(JEA2SS:日本電子精機製)に装着した紫外線照射処理器で、5分間紫外線照射処理をした。紫外線照射処理後のフィルムについて易引裂き性とひねり固定性の官能試験を実施した。紫外線照射処理後のフィルムは、あらゆる方向に対して良好な易引裂き性を持っていた。また、ひねり固定性も良好であった。
【0033】
(実施例2)
紫外線照射処理を10分間実施した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法で延伸フィルムを得た後、紫外線照射処理したフィルムを得た。紫外線照射処理後のフィルムは、あらゆる方向に対して良好な易引裂き性を持っていた。また、ひねり固定性も良好であった。
【0034】
(実施例3)
紫外線照射処理を20分間実施した以外は、実施例1と同じ方法で延伸フィルムを得た後、紫外線照射処理したフィルムを得た。紫外線照射処理後のフィルムは、あらゆる方向に対して良好な易引裂き性を持っていた。また、ひねり固定性も良好であった。
【0035】
(比較例1)
実施例1において紫外線照射処理する前のフィルムについて、易引裂き性とひねり固定性の官能試験を実施した。横方向は、セロハンフィルムより引裂きにくく、縦方向には切断することができなかった。また、フィルムをひねると、ひねった状態を維持できなかった。
【0036】
実施例ならびに比較例で得られたフィルムの評価結果を表1に示す。
【表1】

Figure 2005002134
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明によって得られた脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムは、セロハンフィルムの特長である易引裂き性、ひねり固定性、透明性を有し、かつ脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムの持つ耐熱性、保香性、強靭性を合わせもつ環境対応型の生分解性フィルムであり、食品、医薬品、電子部品等の包装材料、あるいは粘着テープ素材として好適である。[0001]
[Technical field to which the present invention pertains]
The present invention relates to a biodegradable aliphatic polyester film that is easy to tear. In particular, the present invention relates to a biodegradable aliphatic polyester film that has excellent heat resistance, fragrance retention, water resistance, mechanical properties, and is easy to tear and twist-fixing useful as a packaging film or adhesive tape film. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a cellophane film is known as a film excellent in easy tearability. Cellophane films are widely used in food and pharmaceutical packaging materials, adhesive tape materials, and the like because of their excellent properties such as transparency, easy tearability, and twist fixability. However, on the other hand, the cellophane film has high hygroscopicity, and the characteristics of the film fluctuate depending on the season, and it is difficult to always supply a film having a certain quality. Cellophane film uses a large amount of highly toxic substances such as sulfuric acid and carbon disulfide in its production process, and therefore, there is a risk of serious environmental pollution at the outflow.
[0003]
On the other hand, packaging bags and adhesive tapes based on polyethylene terephthalate film have excellent film toughness, heat resistance, water resistance, and transparency. On the other hand, as packaging bags, the mouth tears when opened. There are drawbacks such as difficulty in use and twist fixing due to inferior fixability, and disadvantages such as being difficult to cut by hand or dispenser as an adhesive tape.
[0004]
As a method for solving the above-described drawbacks, a polyester film oriented in a uniaxial direction (Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-8551), a film obtained by copolymerizing a diethylene glycol component, etc. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-50692), and a low molecular weight polyester resin. A film using a film (Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-20514) has been proposed.
[0005]
However, in the above prior art, the method of aligning in the uniaxial direction can be easily cut linearly in the alignment direction, but is difficult to cut in directions other than the alignment direction. Further, the method of copolymerizing a large amount of diethylene glycol component has a drawback that the inherent toughness and heat resistance of polyethylene terephthalate are lost by the copolymerization. Also, the method using a low molecular weight polyester resin is not practical because it tends to cause troubles in the stretching process.
[0006]
On the other hand, in JP-A-5-104618, the polyester film has a multilayer structure composed of polyester resins having different melting points, and the heat treatment temperature is controlled in the production process, so that heat resistance, aroma retention, water resistance, toughness, etc. A film having good tearability and twist fixability is obtained while maintaining the characteristics. In addition, troubles of breaking in the stretching process are reduced. However, even with this film, the tearability and the twist fixing property are not always sufficient. Moreover, since there was no biodegradability, there was a problem that environmental load was not considered.
[0007]
On the other hand, in recent years, due to the seriousness of the waste problem, the spread of packaging materials and adhesive tape materials with a smaller environmental load is desired. That is, when polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate is disposed of in the form of a film or sheet, it is difficult to corrode and decompose, so that it remains in the natural environment and contributes to environmental pollution. Also, incineration disposal is not desirable because it causes damage to the incinerator and generation of harmful gases due to the high calorific value of the raw material itself, the laminated material, and the additive.
[0008]
In order to cope with such problems, development of biodegradable materials that can be decomposed into microorganisms existing in nature is underway. Among them, lactic acid-based polyester films are excellent in heat resistance, fragrance retention, transparency, toughness, and moldability, and are being used in a wide range of applications such as packaging materials, adhesive tape materials, containers, and electronic component-related materials.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-8551 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-50692 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-20514 [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-104618
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has an easy-to-tear, twist-fixing, and transparency characteristics of cellophane film, and also has heat resistance, aroma retention, toughness, etc. that are characteristics of aliphatic polyester film. The object is to provide a biodegradable film of the mold.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Invention]
The present invention is an easily tearable aliphatic polyester film having a molecular extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 205 nm of 1500 or more. A preferred embodiment is the above-described easily tearable aliphatic polyester film in which the main component of the aliphatic polyester film is a lactic acid polyester resin.
[0012]
As a means for obtaining an easily tearable aliphatic polyester film having a molecular extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 205 nm of 1500 nm or more, which is a feature of the present invention, for example, by irradiating the aliphatic polyester film with ultraviolet rays, an aliphatic group is obtained by photochemical reaction. Examples include a method of chemically modifying polyester. The aliphatic polyester film obtained by ordinary film formation has a molecular extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 205 nm of less than 1500, but the molecular molecular extinction coefficient can be increased to 1500 or more by chemical modification, and the film is easily tearable. And twist fixation.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the raw resin for obtaining the easily tearable aliphatic polyester film of the present invention include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as polybutylene succinate, polyhydroxybutyrate, and polylactic acid and aliphatic diols or aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acids. And aliphatic polyester resins obtained from aliphatic lactides. These aliphatic polyester resins can also be copolymerized. It is also possible to mix a compatible resin or an incompatible resin with these resins. In particular, a lactic acid-based polyester resin is preferable because the obtained film is excellent in heat resistance, aroma retention, transparency, toughness, and moldability. Examples of lactic acid polyester resins include L-lactic acid polymers, D-lactic acid polymers, blends thereof, copolymers thereof, copolymers thereof with polyhydroxybutyrate, and mixtures with other resins. Can be mentioned.
[0014]
For example, in the case of a lactic acid polyester resin, the aliphatic polyester resin has a weight average molecular weight of preferably 10,000 to 500,000, particularly preferably 30,000 to 300,000. When the weight average molecular weight is less than 10,000, it is difficult to perform stable extrusion and casting. Conversely, when the weight average molecular weight exceeds 500,000, melt extrusion tends to be difficult due to an increase in pressure in the extruder.
[0015]
The aliphatic polyester film of the present invention has various known additives such as lubricants, pigments, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, and improved impact resistance as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. An agent or the like may be added.
[0016]
In order to impart sufficient tearability to the aliphatic polyester film of the present invention, it is necessary to set the molecular extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 205 nm to 1500 or more. For this purpose, for example, ultraviolet irradiation is performed after film formation. Is mentioned. As the ultraviolet ray source to be irradiated, those having an emission wavelength in the absorption wavelength region of the aliphatic polyester film are preferable, for example, a low pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a chemical lamp, a xenon lamp, a zirconium lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a germicidal lamp, etc. Although an artificial light source can be mentioned, it is not limited to these. Natural light such as sunlight is not practical because its illuminance is small. Moreover, you may process not only an ultraviolet-ray but the structure of aliphatic polyesters, such as an electron beam, a gamma ray, and an X-ray, with the high energy ray which can be chemically modified. Chemical modification includes, but is not limited to, for example, photo-oxidation, crosslinking, and degradation of polymers. The treatment method may be in-line treatment during film formation or batch treatment after film formation, and the method is not limited.
[0017]
In the aliphatic polyester stretched film of the present invention, first, an aliphatic polyester resin is melted at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point with an extruder or the like, and extruded from a die outlet to obtain an unstretched film. The unstretched film can be obtained by further uniaxially stretching or biaxially stretching and subjecting it to heat setting as necessary. In particular, a biaxially stretched film is preferable in that it has few thickness spots and a film having a uniform tear direction can be easily obtained.
[0018]
The aliphatic polyester film of the present invention may be a single layer film or a laminated film. In the case of a laminated film, for example, the aliphatic polyester film is melted separately at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point with a plurality of extruders, and extruded and extruded from a die outlet. A method of laminating stretched films in a heated state, a method of laminating the other molten film on the surface of one unstretched film, and a coextrusion method, in a molten state in a feed block or a die. An unstretched film can be obtained by a method of laminating and extruding from a die outlet and solidifying by cooling. The die may be a flat die or an annular die.
[0019]
The obtained single-layer or multi-layer unstretched film is uniaxially stretched or biaxially stretched at a temperature below the melting point of the aliphatic polyester resin. For example, in the case of lactic acid-type polyester resin, it extends | stretches at 40 to 170 degreeC. In the case of uniaxial stretching, the stretching ratio is at least 1.5 times or more, preferably 3 to 5 times. In the case of biaxial stretching, the area ratio is 10 times or more, preferably 16 times or more. When the draw ratio is low, the tearability and thickness unevenness of the stretched film deteriorates. When the draw ratio is too high, there is a problem in that the directionality of tearing becomes strong and the number of breaks during production increases and the productivity deteriorates. In addition, when biaxial stretching is performed, either a sequential stretching method or a simultaneous stretching method may be used. The stretching method may be any of a roll stretching method, a tenter stretching method, and an inflation method.
[0020]
The aliphatic polyester film of the present invention is preferably imparted with easy tearability by stretching and then heat treatment such as heat setting treatment or heat relaxation treatment. The heat treatment temperature is, for example, 0 to 50 ° C. lower than the melting point of the aliphatic polyester resin. For example, in the case of a lactic acid polyester resin, it is preferable to perform heat treatment at 130 ° C to 170 ° C. If the heat treatment temperature is too low, the molecular orientation cannot be destroyed, and a good tearable film may not be obtained. When the heat treatment temperature is equal to or higher than the melting point, holes are formed in the film, and breakage occurs frequently, making film formation difficult. Further, it is preferable to perform a heat relaxation treatment after the heat setting treatment because the thermal dimensional stability is improved.
[0021]
Easy tearability and twist fixability can be improved by selecting appropriate stretching conditions, heat treatment conditions, and laminate thickness configuration. Therefore, for example, the film before improving easy tearability and twist fixability by chemical modification by ultraviolet irradiation treatment or the like preferably has good tearability and twist fixability, and is manufactured by employing the above method or the like. It is preferable to form a film.
[0022]
In addition, the easily tearable aliphatic polyester film of the present invention may be subjected to surface processing in order to improve adhesiveness, printability and the like by a known coating method in the film forming process. Moreover, in order to improve the wettability and adhesiveness of the surface of the aliphatic polyester film, surface processing such as corona treatment, plasma treatment, and flame treatment may be performed.
[0023]
In addition, the easily tearable aliphatic polyester film of the present invention is provided with a heat sealing property by laminating a resin layer having a heat sealing property using a known method such as dry lamination or extrusion lamination as a packaging material. Can do. In this case, it is preferable to laminate various biodegradable resin layers from the viewpoint of biodegradability.
[0024]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples. About the evaluation method in an Example and a comparative example, it performed by the method of (a)-(f).
(A) Melting point Using a DSC3100S manufactured by Mac Science, put a sample (10 mg) in a pan, melt at 220 ° C. for 10 minutes, quench rapidly, and then endotherm due to melting at a temperature increase rate of 10 ° C./minute from room temperature to 220 ° C. The peak was measured and the peak temperature was taken as the melting point.
[0025]
(B) A polystyrene (Tosoh) solution is prepared as a weight average molecular weight standard substance, a GPC calibration curve is prepared, and GPC (Showa Denko Shodex-System-21) is used, and the columns are GMH × 1 and GMH × l. A book / G2000H × 1 book (manufactured by Tosoh Corp.) was used in series, the developing solution solvent was chloroform, the column temperature was 40 ° C., and measurement was performed by RI detection. Data was processed with SIC-480 manufactured by System Instruments, and the weight average molecular weight was calculated.
[0026]
(C) Molecular extinction coefficient The molecular extinction coefficient is a coefficient specific to a substance, as described in the physics and chemistry dictionary (Iwanami Shoten Publishing 3rd edition, supplemented edition, page 1350 molar extinction coefficient). The molecular extinction coefficient of the present invention is determined by measuring an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of a film having a thickness of about 5 μm cast by the following method using a self-recording spectrophotometer U-3500 manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. Obtained by the Bale equation. (Measurement conditions: scan speed: 60 mm / min, sampling interval: 0.1 nm)
Molecular extinction coefficient ε = A / b · c
A: Absorbance (−), b: Film thickness (cm), c: Molar concentration was 1.
Casting method of measurement film: A solution in which a sample is dissolved in chloroform at a concentration of 10% is dropped on a Teflon (R) -treated surface of a substrate on which a Teflon (R) -treated aluminum foil is attached on a glass plate, and a gap of 50 μm is obtained. The squeegee was applied and dried at room temperature for 10 minutes. The dried film was peeled off and vacuum dried at 50 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a film for measurement.
[0027]
(D) End crack resistance Measured according to JIS C2318-1975. The smaller the value, the easier it is to tear.
[0028]
(E) Easily tearable sensory evaluation was performed. When a tape-like sample with a width of 15 mm is cut in the vertical and horizontal directions and the sample in each direction is cut by hand, the one that is easily torn by hand is ◎, the one that is somewhat inferior but is easily torn is ○, easily In the examples, Δ indicates a material that cannot be torn by hand, and × indicates a material that cannot be torn by hand.
[0029]
(F) Twist fixability sensory evaluation was performed. When a tape-shaped sample having a width of 30 mm was twisted by hand, a sample that did not return to its original state in a twisted state was indicated as ◯, and a sample that could not maintain the twisted state was indicated as ×.
[0030]
(Example 1)
An L-lactic acid copolymer having a melting point of 175 ° C. and a weight average molecular weight of 170,000 was melted with a twin screw extruder (screw diameter = 35φ, L / D = 45: TEM manufactured by Toshiba Machine) at 200 ° C. from a T-die. Extrusion gave an unstretched film.
[0031]
The unstretched laminated film is first stretched 3.4 times at 75 ° C. in the longitudinal direction with a roll stretching machine, and then 5.5 times stretched at 85 ° C. in the transverse direction with a tenter stretching machine, and then heat-set at 155 ° C., In the temperature lowering process, 3% relaxation treatment was performed to obtain a 25 μm film. During film formation, there was no trouble such as breakage, and the productivity was good.
[0032]
The film was subjected to ultraviolet irradiation treatment for 5 minutes with an ultraviolet irradiation processing device in which a germicidal lamp (Toshiba germicidal lamp GL20-A) was attached to an exposure device (JEA2SS: manufactured by JEOL Ltd.). The film after the ultraviolet irradiation treatment was subjected to a sensory test for easy tearing and twist fixing. The film after the ultraviolet irradiation treatment had good easy tearability in all directions. Also, the twist fixing property was good.
[0033]
(Example 2)
A stretched film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ultraviolet irradiation treatment was performed for 10 minutes, and then a film subjected to the ultraviolet irradiation treatment was obtained. The film after the ultraviolet irradiation treatment had good easy tearability in all directions. Also, the twist fixing property was good.
[0034]
Example 3
A stretched film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ultraviolet irradiation treatment was carried out for 20 minutes, and then an ultraviolet irradiation film was obtained. The film after the ultraviolet irradiation treatment had good easy tearability in all directions. Also, the twist fixing property was good.
[0035]
(Comparative Example 1)
In Example 1, the film before the ultraviolet irradiation treatment was subjected to a sensory test for easy tearability and twist fixability. The transverse direction was harder to tear than the cellophane film and could not be cut in the longitudinal direction. Further, when the film was twisted, the twisted state could not be maintained.
[0036]
Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the films obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples.
[Table 1]
Figure 2005002134
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
The aliphatic polyester film obtained by the present invention has the characteristics of cellophane film, such as easy tearing, twist fixability and transparency, and combines the heat resistance, aroma retention and toughness of aliphatic polyester film. It is an environmentally friendly biodegradable film that is suitable as a packaging material for foods, pharmaceuticals, electronic parts, etc., or as an adhesive tape material.

Claims (2)

波長205nmにおける分子吸光係数が1500以上であることを特徴とする易引裂き性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルム。An easily tearable aliphatic polyester film having a molecular extinction coefficient of 1500 or more at a wavelength of 205 nm. 脂肪族ポリエステルフィルムの主成分が乳酸系ポリエステル樹脂である請求項1記載の易引裂き性脂肪族ポリエステルフィルム。The easily tearable aliphatic polyester film according to claim 1, wherein the main component of the aliphatic polyester film is a lactic acid polyester resin.
JP2002339238A 2002-01-07 2002-11-22 Easy-to-tear aliphatic polyester film Pending JP2005002134A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002339238A JP2005002134A (en) 2002-11-22 2002-11-22 Easy-to-tear aliphatic polyester film
JP2003558074A JPWO2003057765A1 (en) 2002-01-07 2003-01-06 Easily tearable aliphatic polyester-based stretched film
US10/500,799 US20050106345A1 (en) 2002-01-07 2003-01-06 Easy-to-tear stretched aliphatic-polyester film
PCT/JP2003/000014 WO2003057765A1 (en) 2002-01-07 2003-01-06 Easy-to-tear stretched aliphatic-polyester film
AU2003202471A AU2003202471A1 (en) 2002-01-07 2003-01-06 Easy-to-tear stretched aliphatic-polyester film
KR1020047010562A KR100920878B1 (en) 2002-01-07 2003-01-06 Easy-to-tear Stretched Aliphatic-Polyester Film
EP03701006A EP1471095B1 (en) 2002-01-07 2003-01-06 Easy-to-tear stretched aliphatic-polyester film
DE60319805T DE60319805T2 (en) 2002-01-07 2003-01-06 EASILY FRAGRANT ALIPHATIC POLYESTER FOIL
US12/359,579 US20090152095A1 (en) 2002-01-07 2009-01-26 Easy-to-tear stretched aliphatic polyester film

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP2002339238A JP2005002134A (en) 2002-11-22 2002-11-22 Easy-to-tear aliphatic polyester film

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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