JP2005000357A - Catheter - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP2005000357A
JP2005000357A JP2003166275A JP2003166275A JP2005000357A JP 2005000357 A JP2005000357 A JP 2005000357A JP 2003166275 A JP2003166275 A JP 2003166275A JP 2003166275 A JP2003166275 A JP 2003166275A JP 2005000357 A JP2005000357 A JP 2005000357A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
catheter
tubular body
metal tubular
base
distal end
Prior art date
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JP2003166275A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yukinori Takahashi
幸典 高橋
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Tokin Corp
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NEC Tokin Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP2003166275A priority Critical patent/JP2005000357A/en
Publication of JP2005000357A publication Critical patent/JP2005000357A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a catheter which is excellent in protruding capacity and maneuverability in hand, does not damage a living body and can be easily deformed corresponding to the shape of an insertion site. <P>SOLUTION: The catheter includes a medical tube 1 wherein a tube made of the uniform material of Cu-Al-Mn alloy is formed with a base part 2, a distal part 3 and a cutting-edge part 4. The base part 2 is rigid, the distal part 3 is superelastic and the cutting-edge part 4 is in the martensitic phase which brings about a shape memory effect. Also the cutting-edge part 4 is more flexible than the distal part 3 and can be deformed into various profiles. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、医科用器具であるカテーテルに係り、詳しくは金属管状体を用いたカテーテルに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
TiNi合金をはじめとする形状記憶合金はマルテンサイト変態の逆変態に付随して顕著な形状記憶効果及び超弾性を示すことはよく知られている。なかでもTiNi合金は生活環境温度の近傍でその優れた機能を持つことから、電子レンジダンパー、エアコン風向制御装置、炊飯器蒸気調圧弁、建築用の換気口、携帯電話アンテナ、眼鏡フレームなど幅広い分野で使用されている。
【0003】
また、医療分野への応用の試みは合金開発当初からなされ、これまでに歯列矯正ワイヤー、人工歯根、血管拡張コイル、ガイドワイヤー、カテーテル等が実用化されている。
【0004】
血管内の治療や処置に用いられている血管内カテーテルには、血管造影カテーテル、PTCA(冠状血管成形術)カテーテル、マイクロカテーテル等の種類がある。カテーテルを血管に導入するためには、まず血管内の処置部位にガイドワイヤーを挿入し、そして血管内カテーテルの先端をガイドワイヤーに沿って導入していく。カテーテルの先端を血管内で進行させる際に、狭く、曲がりくねった血管経路を通過させるために、カテーテルを押し込んだり、捩じったり(回転)する操作が伴う。そのため、操作する人の手元すなわちカテーテルの基端部にはかなりの剛性が必要である。また先端部は血管壁に損傷を与えないよう十分な柔軟性が要求される。
【0005】
この種のカテーテルとして、基部と先端を有し、少なくとも基部が超弾性合金等の金属チューブにより形成されるものがある。金属チューブを基部に用いることにより、良好な手元操作性を得るのに必要なトルク伝達性、突き出し性が確保され、また折れ曲がり難い耐キンク性が得られている。一方、先端部は基部とは異なり、血管を傷つけることがない柔らかさと屈曲した部位に挿入でき、簡単に変形できることが求められている。
【0006】
この解決手段として、下記の特許文献1ではTiNi超弾性金属を金属管状体としたカテーテルにおいて、先端部の変態温度を生体温度以上にすることにより、生体温度では先端部のみを柔らかくする方法が提案されている。しかしながら、カテーテルの突き出し性は金属管状体の降伏応力に依存し、大きな降伏応力をもつ金属管状体の方が優れ、TiNi超弾性金属を金属管状体としたカテーテルは突き出し性に欠けるために、末梢血管系には不向きであった。なお、TiNi合金のヤング率は約80GPaであり、SUS(ステンレス)の約200GPaに対して半分以下の程度である。
【0007】
そこで、下記特許文献2では、Cu−Al−Mn形状記憶合金製の金属管状体に傾斜機能を付与したカテーテルが提案されている。これは高い剛性を持つ基部と、柔軟性のある先端部とを一体化したものであるが、金属管状体をβ単相化処理後に、先端部には250℃未満で処理することでβ単相の柔軟な超弾性を付与し、基部には250〜350℃で処理することで析出するα相とホイスラー相によって高剛性を付与する。
【0008】
【特許文献1】
特開平9−271517号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2000−14764号公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特許文献2に開示された技術においては、例えば血管への挿入は容易であり、患部への導入も容易であるが、柔軟性のある先端部を形成したにもかかわらず、まだ先端部分が血管内壁を傷つけるという可能性がある。
【0010】
本発明の課題は、突き出し性及び手元での操作性に優れ、同時に、血管などの生体を傷つけることがなく、導入部位の患部の形状に応じて容易に変形可能なカテーテルを提供することにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のカテーテルは、Cu、Al、Mn及び不可避不純物元素からなる合金による金属管状体を有するカテーテルであって、前記金属管状体は前記合金の同一材料によるチューブからなり、前記チューブには、基部と、先端部と、最先端部とが形成され、前記最先端部は前記先端部及び基部よりも柔らかく、且つ多様な形状に変形することを特徴とする。
【0012】
また、前記金属管状体の最先端部は37℃近傍の生体温度において、形状記憶効果をもたらすマルテンサイト相にあるとよい。
【0013】
また、前記金属管状体の先端部は37℃近傍の生体温度において、超弾性を呈するとよい。
【0014】
そして、前記金属管状体の基部は冷間加工後の熱処理によって剛性を付与されているとよい。
【0015】
本発明のカテーテルに用いられる金属管状体においては、伸線加工条件及びその後の熱処理条件によって、比較的にその剛性を高める事が可能なCu−Al−Mnの金属管状体を用い、その金属管状体の先端部のみを選択的にβ単相化することで、管状の同一線で先端部の柔軟性と基部の突き出し性とを合わせ持つ金属管状体とし、さらに最先端部は熱処理により、変態温度を少なくとも生体温度以上に上昇させることで、より柔らかくすることが可能である。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
【0017】
図1は、本発明のカテーテルに用いる医療用チューブの斜視図である。図1において医療用チューブ1は、Cu−Al−Mnの細長いチューブであり、基部2、先端部3及び最先端部4で構成されている。先端部3は、37℃近傍の生体温度で超弾性を示す。また最先端部4は、37℃近傍の生体温度では形状記憶効果を誘起するマルテンサイト相にあり、血管を傷つけることもなく、変形が可能で、屈曲した部位に容易に進入させることができる。そして基部2は高剛性である。
【0018】
【実施例】
(実施例1)Cu−17.5at%Al−10at%Mn合金を、熱間加工及び冷間加工によって、φ1.3mmまで加工し、600℃×20分間の焼鈍により、α+β混相化処理を行い、φ0.6mmまで冷間加工することにより45%の加工率を付与し加工硬化させ、長さ1500mmの金属管状体全体に400℃×0.7分間の時効処理を行った。次に最先端部100mmのみを所定の条件で熱処理し、その後、先端部300mmのみを、825℃でのβ単相化処理後、200℃×5分間の時効処理を行った。
【0019】
先端部分の熱処理方法は、図2に示すようにCu−Al−Mnチューブ8の一方の先端部分を所定の長さに亘って、耐火材5に覆われた所定の温度の炉室6に炉壁の一部にあけられた孔7より挿入し、所定の温度、時間で熱処理を施したものである。
【0020】
熱処理条件を変えて形成した最先端部と、先端部及び基部とにおける曲げ強度を、測定温度37℃、支点間距離15mm、1mm押し込み時の3点曲げ荷重として測定した結果を表1に示す。また、併記した比較例の値は、特許文献2と同様の技術によって作製したCu−Al−Mnチューブにおける値である。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 2005000357
【0022】
本実施例の最先端部での曲げ強度(曲げ荷重)は、基部での値の1/9程度であり、また先端部は基部より柔らかく、カテーテルに用いられる場合、血管を傷つけることない柔らかさと屈曲した部位に容易に進入でき、簡単に変形できる特性を示す。すなわち熱処理条件を調整することにより、最先端部の異なった曲げ強度が可能となった。
【0023】
以上のことから、基部は加工硬化させ、時効処理することによって高剛性であり、先端部は超弾性処理しているために基部の1/3以下の荷重値、さらに最先端部は熱処理により基部の約1/9以下の荷重値となっており非常に柔軟である。このように、突き出し性を確保しながら、先端の部分は非常に柔軟である。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、手元操作性を得るのに必要なトルク伝達性、及び突き出し性に優れ、また折れ曲がり難い耐キンク性を有する基部と、血管を傷つけることがない柔らかさを有し、また屈曲した部位に容易に進入でき、簡単に変形できる柔軟性を有する先端の部位とを有するカテーテルを提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明における医療用チューブを示す斜視図。
【図2】実施例の熱処理方法を示す模式図。
【符号の説明】
1 医療用チューブ
2 基部
3 先端部
4 最先端部
5 耐火材
6 炉室
7 孔
8 Cu−Al−Mnチューブ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a catheter which is a medical instrument, and more particularly to a catheter using a metal tubular body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is well known that shape memory alloys such as TiNi alloys exhibit a remarkable shape memory effect and superelasticity accompanying the reverse transformation of the martensitic transformation. Among these, TiNi alloy has excellent functions near the living environment temperature, so it can be used in a wide range of fields such as microwave oven dampers, air conditioner wind direction control devices, rice cooker steam pressure regulators, architectural vents, mobile phone antennas, and spectacle frames. Used in.
[0003]
Attempts to apply to the medical field have been made since the beginning of alloy development, and orthodontic wires, artificial tooth roots, vasodilator coils, guide wires, catheters, and the like have been put to practical use.
[0004]
Intravascular catheters used for intravascular treatment and treatment include angiographic catheters, PTCA (coronary angioplasty) catheters, microcatheters, and the like. In order to introduce a catheter into a blood vessel, first, a guide wire is inserted into a treatment site in the blood vessel, and the distal end of the intravascular catheter is introduced along the guide wire. When the distal end of the catheter is advanced in the blood vessel, an operation of pushing or twisting (rotating) the catheter is involved in order to pass through a narrow and winding blood vessel path. Therefore, considerable rigidity is required at the hand of the operator, that is, at the proximal end of the catheter. Further, the distal end portion is required to have sufficient flexibility so as not to damage the blood vessel wall.
[0005]
Some catheters of this type have a base and a tip, and at least the base is formed of a metal tube such as a superelastic alloy. By using a metal tube for the base, torque transmission and protrusion properties required for obtaining good hand operability are ensured, and kink resistance that is difficult to bend is obtained. On the other hand, unlike the base portion, the distal end portion is required to be able to be inserted into a soft and bent portion without damaging a blood vessel and easily deformed.
[0006]
As a solution to this problem, the following Patent Document 1 proposes a method of softening only the tip at the living body temperature by setting the transformation temperature of the tip to a living body temperature or higher in a catheter using a TiNi superelastic metal as a metal tubular body. Has been. However, the extrudability of the catheter depends on the yield stress of the metal tubular body, the metal tubular body having a large yield stress is superior, and the catheter having a TiNi superelastic metal metal tubular body lacks the extrudability. Not suitable for the vascular system. The TiNi alloy has a Young's modulus of about 80 GPa, which is about half or less of about 200 GPa of SUS (stainless steel).
[0007]
Therefore, in Patent Document 2 below, a catheter in which a tilt function is imparted to a metal tubular body made of a Cu—Al—Mn shape memory alloy is proposed. This is a combination of a base having high rigidity and a flexible tip, but after processing the metal tubular body to a β single phase treatment, the tip is treated at less than 250 ° C. Soft superelasticity of the phase is imparted, and high rigidity is imparted to the base portion by the α phase and the Heusler phase that are precipitated by processing at 250 to 350 ° C.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-271517 [Patent Document 2]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-14764
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, for example, insertion into a blood vessel is easy and introduction into an affected area is easy, but the distal end portion is still formed even though a flexible distal end portion is formed. May damage the inner wall of the blood vessel.
[0010]
An object of the present invention is to provide a catheter that has excellent extrudability and operability at hand, and can be easily deformed in accordance with the shape of an affected part at an introduction site without damaging a living body such as a blood vessel. .
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The catheter of the present invention is a catheter having a metal tubular body made of an alloy composed of Cu, Al, Mn and inevitable impurity elements, and the metal tubular body is made of a tube made of the same material of the alloy, and the tube has a base portion. And a leading edge and a leading edge, and the leading edge is softer than the leading edge and the base and is deformed into various shapes.
[0012]
Moreover, the most advanced part of the said metal tubular body is good to exist in the martensitic phase which brings about a shape memory effect in the living body temperature of 37 degreeC vicinity.
[0013]
The tip of the metal tubular body may exhibit superelasticity at a living body temperature around 37 ° C.
[0014]
And the base part of the said metal tubular body is good to give the rigidity by the heat processing after cold working.
[0015]
In the metal tubular body used for the catheter of the present invention, a Cu-Al-Mn metal tubular body whose rigidity can be relatively increased depending on the wire drawing conditions and the subsequent heat treatment conditions is used. Only the tip of the body is selectively β-single-phased to form a metal tubular body that combines the flexibility of the tip and the protruding property of the base with the same tubular line, and the most advanced part is transformed by heat treatment. It is possible to make the temperature softer by raising the temperature at least above the living body temperature.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a medical tube used in the catheter of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a medical tube 1 is an elongated tube of Cu—Al—Mn, and includes a base portion 2, a tip portion 3, and a most distal portion 4. The tip 3 exhibits superelasticity at a living body temperature around 37 ° C. The most advanced portion 4 is in a martensite phase that induces a shape memory effect at a living body temperature around 37 ° C., can be deformed without damaging a blood vessel, and can easily enter a bent portion. And the base 2 is highly rigid.
[0018]
【Example】
(Example 1) A Cu-17.5at% Al-10at% Mn alloy was processed to hot 1.3mm by hot working and cold working, and α + β mixed phase treatment was performed by annealing at 600 ° C for 20 minutes. By cold working to φ0.6 mm, a 45% processing rate was imparted and work hardened, and the entire 1500 mm long metal tubular body was subjected to an aging treatment at 400 ° C. for 0.7 minutes. Next, only the leading edge 100 mm was heat-treated under predetermined conditions, and then only the tip 300 mm was subjected to aging treatment at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes after β-single phase treatment at 825 ° C.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 2, the heat treatment method for the tip portion is performed in a furnace chamber 6 having a predetermined temperature covered with a refractory material 5 over one end portion of the Cu—Al—Mn tube 8 over a predetermined length. It is inserted through a hole 7 formed in a part of the wall and heat-treated at a predetermined temperature and time.
[0020]
Table 1 shows the results of measuring the bending strength at the leading edge, the tip, and the base formed by changing the heat treatment conditions as a three-point bending load at a measurement temperature of 37 ° C., a fulcrum distance of 15 mm, and 1 mm indentation. Moreover, the value of the comparative example written together is a value in the Cu-Al-Mn tube produced by the same technique as patent document 2.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 2005000357
[0022]
The bending strength (bending load) at the foremost part of this example is about 1/9 of the value at the base part, and the tip part is softer than the base part. When used for a catheter, the bending strength (bending load) is not damaged. It has the characteristics that it can easily enter a bent part and can be easily deformed. That is, by adjusting the heat treatment conditions, different bending strengths at the most advanced part were possible.
[0023]
From the above, the base is work-hardened and highly aged by aging treatment, and the tip is superelastic, so the load value is 1/3 or less of the base, and the most advanced part is heat treated The load value is about 1/9 or less of the above and is very flexible. In this way, the tip portion is very flexible while ensuring the protruding property.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the base has superior torque transmission and protrusion properties necessary for obtaining operability at hand, and has kink resistance that is difficult to bend, and has a softness that does not damage blood vessels, and is flexible. Thus, it is possible to provide a catheter having a flexible distal end portion that can be easily entered and easily deformed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a medical tube in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a heat treatment method of an example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Medical tube 2 Base part 3 Tip part 4 Most advanced part 5 Refractory material 6 Furnace room 7 Hole 8 Cu-Al-Mn tube

Claims (4)

Cu、Al、Mn及び不可避不純物元素からなる合金による金属管状体を有するカテーテルであって、前記金属管状体は前記合金の同一材料によるチューブからなり、前記チューブには、基部と、先端部と、最先端部とが形成され、前記最先端部は前記先端部及び基部よりも柔らかく、且つ多様な形状に変形することを特徴とするカテーテル。A catheter having a metal tubular body made of an alloy comprising Cu, Al, Mn, and an inevitable impurity element, wherein the metal tubular body is made of a tube made of the same material of the alloy, and the tube includes a base, a tip, The catheter is characterized in that a distal end portion is formed, the distal end portion is softer than the distal end portion and the base portion, and is deformed into various shapes. 前記金属管状体の最先端部は37℃近傍の生体温度において、形状記憶効果をもたらすマルテンサイト相にあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のカテーテル。2. The catheter according to claim 1, wherein the most distal portion of the metal tubular body is in a martensite phase that brings about a shape memory effect at a living body temperature around 37 ° C. 3. 前記金属管状体の先端部は37℃近傍の生体温度において、超弾性を呈することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のカテーテル。The catheter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distal end portion of the metal tubular body exhibits superelasticity at a living body temperature around 37 ° C. 前記金属管状体の基部は冷間加工後の熱処理によって剛性を付与されたことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のカテーテル。The catheter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the base portion of the metal tubular body is given rigidity by a heat treatment after cold working.
JP2003166275A 2003-06-11 2003-06-11 Catheter Withdrawn JP2005000357A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006314525A (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-24 Tohoku Univ Tool to be inserted into tubular organ
JP2008264120A (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-11-06 Kaneka Corp Catheter with pressing property
JP2008264118A (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-11-06 Kaneka Corp Catheter
WO2015022969A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-19 国立大学法人東北大学 MEDICAL Ti-Ni ALLOY

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006314525A (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-24 Tohoku Univ Tool to be inserted into tubular organ
JP2008264120A (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-11-06 Kaneka Corp Catheter with pressing property
JP2008264118A (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-11-06 Kaneka Corp Catheter
WO2015022969A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-19 国立大学法人東北大学 MEDICAL Ti-Ni ALLOY

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