JP2005000050A - Method for producing bird that will perch on its master's hand - Google Patents

Method for producing bird that will perch on its master's hand Download PDF

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JP2005000050A
JP2005000050A JP2003166088A JP2003166088A JP2005000050A JP 2005000050 A JP2005000050 A JP 2005000050A JP 2003166088 A JP2003166088 A JP 2003166088A JP 2003166088 A JP2003166088 A JP 2003166088A JP 2005000050 A JP2005000050 A JP 2005000050A
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bird
hand
chicks
birds
chick
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JP3533608B1 (en
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Takeshi Nanase
武 七瀬
Kayoko Nanase
佳世子 七瀬
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a bird that will perch on its master's hand, by which kinds of birds capable of being produced as birds that will perch on their master's hands can largely be expanded, while largely reducing times, labors and costs required for producing the birds that will perch on their master's hands, such as the preparation of feeds, feeding, the management of brooding tools during feeding, and the like. <P>SOLUTION: A chick is grown into an adult bird that will perch on its master's hand. Since the adult bird for growing the chick is a bird that will perch on its master's hand, the adult bird raise the chick even under an environment watched by a feeder. The adult bird does not emit a warning sound against the feeder, but takes to the feeder. Thus, the chick naturally grows into a bird that will perch on its master's hand. When the chick is a kind of bird needing live feeds, and when the adult bird for raising the chicks is a kind of bird not needing the live feeds, the feeder give only the live feeds to the chick, and other chick-growing actions are leaved to the bird that will perch on its master's hand. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、手乗り鳥の生産方法、該方法に使用する巣、および該方法で生産された手乗り鳥に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、野鳥や飼鳥として人気の高いフィンチ類は、文鳥を除き一般に手乗りにするのが不可能であり、手乗りにできるのは飼鳥の内インコ類や文鳥などに限られていた。また、これらのインコ類や文鳥などを手乗りにするための方法として、インコ類の場合は成鳥1羽が出入りできる大きさの穴以外は木板で全面を覆われた巣箱から、文鳥の場合は通気穴と成鳥1羽が出入りできる大きさの穴以外は木板で全面を覆われた箱巣またはつぼ巣から、孵化後2〜3週間の雛鳥を取り出し、親鳥から隔離して人間が差し餌で飼育する方法が広く知られてきた。
【0003】
なお、鳥類の飼育方法に関する技術としては、例えば下記特許文献1に開示されており、小鳥の巣箱に関する技術としては、例えば下記特許文献2に開示されている。
【特許文献1】特開平9−117233号公報
【特許文献2】特開平8−256625号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような従来の手乗り鳥生産方法では、手乗りにできる鳥の種類はごく限られており、また隔離後は一人餌になるまで毎日1.5〜4時間おきに差し餌をし、雛鳥の成長に応じて3〜5種類の飼育容器を用意する必要があるので、手乗りにするためにかかる時間と労力は膨大であった。本発明はこのような課題に鑑み、野鳥および文鳥以外のフィンチ類やインコ類を含む各種飼鳥を手乗りとして生産することを可能にし、かつ手乗りにするための差し餌にかかわる一切の時間・労力・費用面の負担をほぼ皆無にした手乗り鳥の生産方法とこれに使用する巣、および生産された手乗り鳥を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、手乗り鳥の生産対象種の拡大と生産工程の省力化・簡便化を目的として、飼育および生産方法について鋭意研究を重ねてきた結果、手乗り成鳥に育雛させることで、巣の内部および鳥体が露出した環境下で雛鳥を手乗りにしうることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
すなわち、本発明のうち、請求項1に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法は、雛鳥と巣引き中の手乗り成鳥とを用意し、前記雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境下で、前記成鳥に育雛させることを特徴とする。
【0007】
また、本発明のうち、請求項2に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法は、請求項1に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法であって、前記雛鳥は従来手乗りにできない品種であることを特徴とする。
【0008】
また、本発明のうち、請求項3に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法は、請求項2に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法であって、前記雛鳥は生き餌を餌とする品種であって、前記雛鳥への生き餌の給餌を前記飼育者が行うことを特徴とする。
【0009】
また、本発明のうち、請求項4に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法は、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法であって、前記環境は、底部とその周囲に起立した壁部を有し上面が開口するように作成された巣であることを特徴とする。
【0010】
また、本発明のうち、請求項5に記載の巣は、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法に使用する巣であって、底部とその周囲に起立した壁部を有し上面が開口していることを特徴とする。
【0011】
また、本発明のうち、請求項6に記載の手乗り鳥は、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法で生産されたことを特徴とする。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明による手乗り鳥の生産の実施形態について具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれに制限されるものではない。
【0013】
また、以下の説明では、便宜上飼育ケージ内での育雛・飼育を前提とした表現に統一するが、本発明の実施場所はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば野鳥園のように自然に酷似した環境を網などで外界と仕切った場所や、禽舎、実験室、店舗、家屋内など、成鳥を手乗りの状態で飼育できればいかなる場所でもよい。
【0014】
更に、以下の説明では、実施場所の条件に応じて、飼育者が通常の飼育行為を行って適正に飼育環境を管理することを前提とする。例えば、飼育ケージ内で実施する場合であれば、雛鳥および育雛用手乗り成鳥の食性に応じた各種飼料や飲み水の供給、飼育ケージの清掃、温度管理、就寝・起床時刻管理などの他、騒音や振動など鳥が危険を感じる要素を排除し、必要に応じて爪切り、水浴びや砂浴びの用意、巣を使用する場合は巣の清掃などが、通常の飼育行為に含まれる。
【0015】
(実施の形態1)
本発明による手乗り鳥の生産方法の実施にあたっては、まず雛鳥と巣引き中である育雛用の手乗り成鳥を用意する。ここで用意する雛鳥は目が開く前のものが望ましく、具体的には、例えばセキセイインコであれば孵化後約7日未満、ジュウシマツであれば孵化後約4日未満の雛鳥が望ましい。また、更に好ましくは孵化直後の雛鳥を用意する。ただし、現実には、自家繁殖でない限り孵化直後乃至目が開く前の雛鳥を入手するのは困難であるから、例えば有精卵を入手して育雛用の手乗り成鳥に抱卵させてもよい。
【0016】
尚、ここで巣引きとは、飼育籠や禽舎の中など人工的な環境下で、産卵・抱卵・育雛という過程を経て鳥を繁殖させることを指し、育雛とは、親鳥(生みの親または仮親)が給餌・保温・羽づくろい・雛鳥の糞処理などを行って雛を育てることを指す。繁殖期の有無に関わらず、鳥類は一般的に巣引き中でなければ抱卵や育雛を行わないため、例えば通年で繁殖可能なセキセイインコのような種であっても、巣引き中でなければ抱卵や育雛を行わせることはできない。
【0017】
また、本発明で用いる手乗り成鳥とは、雛鳥を育雛できる巣引き中の1または複数の手乗り鳥を意味する。雛鳥の遺伝的な親鳥を用いるのが望ましいが、必ずしも雛鳥の遺伝的な親鳥に限られるものではなく、十分な育雛能力がない鳥種や個体の場合、例えば同種であって親鳥とは別の個体である仮親や、異種の個体である仮親等を用いても同等の結果を得ることができる。
【0018】
但し、当業者には自明のことながら、仮親に抱卵または育雛させるには、仮親自身も同時期に産卵・抱卵・育雛を行わなければならないため、非手乗り鳥で通常行われている仮親を用いた繁殖準備を予め行うことになる。具体的には、数つがいの仮親候補を用意し、適時に発情飼料を与えるなどして巣引きの時期を事前に調整する。また、異種の仮親を選定するには、従来の非手乗り鳥の場合と同様、餌の種類や卵の大きさ、くちばしの形状や大きさ、雛鳥への給餌方法などが育雛可能である鳥種が望ましい。
【0019】
本発明では育雛用の成鳥に必ず手乗り鳥を用いることが特徴の一つであるが、より好ましくは育雛用の成鳥が相性の良いつがいであって、さらに好ましくは最も無防備な状態である交尾中に飼育ケージを持って移動しても動じない程度に飼育者に慣れているものを用いる。
【0020】
次に、上記で用意した雛鳥を、この雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境下で、上記で用意した巣引き中の手乗り成鳥に育雛させる。具体的には、雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境とは、巣箱やつぼ巣に限定されるものではなく、例えば餌入れの中や庭箱(ニワコ)の床面、家具の天板などでもよく、巣のない環境であっても実施可能である。以下の記述においても、雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境は同様に定義されるものとする。
【0021】
このような手乗り成鳥を育雛に用いることにより、長年巣引き(特に抱卵や育雛)が不可能だと考えられていた雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境下であっても、すなわち巣の内部および鳥体が露出していても、成鳥が育雛放棄することなく雛鳥が一人餌になるまで育雛させることが可能になった。さらに、このような手乗り成鳥を育雛に用いるため、鳥か人間かを問わず外界に対して本来過敏になっているはずの育雛中であっても、成鳥は飼育者に警戒音を発しないばかりか飼育者に遊んでもらおうとする。これにより、雛鳥に飼育者が警戒対象であるとは刷り込まれず、そればかりか遊んでもらう相手であると学習するため、このような手乗り成鳥に育雛させた雛鳥は自動的に手乗りになる。
【0022】
(実施の形態2)
本実施の形態2では、実施の形態1に係る雛鳥として、特に従来手乗りにできなかった品種を用いる。この雛鳥が従来手乗りにできなかった品種、例えば野鳥および文鳥以外のフィンチ類であっても、異なる品種から選定された巣引き中である育雛用の手乗り成鳥を仮親にすることで、上記と同様の方法で手乗り鳥の生産が可能になる。文鳥以外のフィンチ類としては、例えば並フィンチであればジュウシマツやキンカチョウ、高級フィンチであればコキンチョウ、キンセイチョウなどが挙げられる。ただし、本実施の形態2では、上記の例に限定されることなく、従来の方法で手乗り鳥が生産できるインコ類や文鳥以外の全ての飼鳥や野鳥を対象としているが、特に野鳥の場合は雛鳥と育雛用成鳥との食性を調整することが望ましい。
【0023】
具体的には、例えばジュウシマツのように従来手乗りにはできないとされるフィンチの雛鳥を、例えば巣引き中の手乗りセキセイインコの成鳥に雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境下で育雛させることによって、手乗りジュウシマツを生産できる。さらに、こうして生産された1代目の手乗りジュウシマツ同士をつがいにすると、2代目以降は異種の仮親を用いなくてもより簡便に手乗り雛鳥の生産が可能になる。
【0024】
尚、例示したジュウシマツは、コキンチョウ、イッコウチョウ、カエデチョウなど自育(メスまたはつがいの成鳥が産卵〜抱卵〜育雛を自分で行うこと)できないフィンチ類の繁殖用仮親として従来から多用されている。本発明によって生産された手乗りジュウシマツを用いることで、従来自育すらできなかったフィンチ類を手乗り鳥として生産することも可能になった。
【0025】
(実施の形態3)
本実施の形態3では、上記実施の形態2に係る雛鳥が生き餌を餌とする品種であっても、巣引き中である育雛用の手乗り成鳥を仮親にした上で、この雛鳥への生き餌の給餌を飼育者が行うことにより、上記と同様の方法で手乗り雛鳥の生産が可能になる。仮親である育雛用の手乗り成鳥が生き餌を餌としない品種である場合は、たとえ雛鳥が生き餌の採餌が生命維持に必要な品種であっても、一人餌になる前の雛鳥は口元まで生き餌を持ってきてもらわなければ生き餌を食べることはできない。そこで、雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境下で、生き餌を与えることだけは飼育者が行い、それ以外の一切の育雛は育雛用手乗り成鳥に行わせることで、生き餌を餌とする品種でも手乗り鳥を生産することが可能になる。
【0026】
具体的には、例えば上記方法で生産された手乗りセキセイインコや同様の手乗りジュウシマツのように育雛用手乗り成鳥が生き餌を食べない種であって、雛鳥は例えばスズメのように生き餌を与えるのが好ましい野鳥や一部の飼鳥である場合、生き餌以外の給餌や保温、羽づくろいなどの育雛は成鳥にさせ、飼育者は生き餌をピンセットなどで雛鳥の口元に持っていって食べさせることで、スズメなどの野鳥や生き餌を餌とする飼鳥の手乗りが生産可能になる。
【0027】
さらに、こうして生産された1代目の手乗りスズメ同士をつがいにすると、2代目以降は異種の仮親を用いなくても生き餌の給餌も含めた一切の育雛を鳥任せにできるため、より簡便に手乗り雛鳥の生産が可能になる。但し、当然のことながら、育雛と関係なく親鳥である手乗りスズメ成鳥の飼育に必要な生き餌は、その他の飼料や飲み水などと共に飼育者が常に供給することになる。
【0028】
(実施の形態4)
本実施の形態4では、上記実施の形態1〜3に係る手乗り鳥の生産方法を実施する場合の雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境として、底部とその周囲に起立した壁部を有し上面が開口するように作成された巣を使用する。
【0029】
この巣は、底部とその周囲に起立した壁部を有し上面が開口していて、雛鳥が巣の中から飼育者を目視できればよい。従って、必ずしも底部と壁部が異なる部材で構成されている必要はなく、例えば一体整形されたものや底部から壁部にかけて椀状に湾曲した形状でもよい。また、巣の素材としては、鳥体に安全で吸水性があればいかなるものでもよく、具体的にはラワン材やSPF材、シルクウッドなどの木板の他、ワラやシュロ、木の枝などを鳥種に応じて使用する。なお、本発明は、巣の内部に各種飼料や巣材を入れたり、木板などで作成されている場合は底部に卵寄せの窪みを設けるなど、より好適に抱卵・育雛させるための変形例でも実施可能である。
【0030】
(実施の形態5)
本実施の形態5による巣は、上記実施の形態1〜4に係る手乗り鳥の生産方法に使用し得るものであって、底部とその周囲に起立した壁部を有し上面が開口するように人工的に作成されていて、具体的には上記実施の形態4で例示した性質を持つ巣であればよい。
【0031】
(実施の形態6)
本実施の形態6による手乗り鳥は、上記実施の形態1〜4に係る手乗り鳥の生産方法のうち、いずれかの方法で生産されたことを特徴とする。
【0032】
(実施例)
以下の実施例において、本発明の手乗り鳥生産方法を更に詳細に説明するが、これは何ら本発明を限定するものではない。
【0033】
本発明の手乗り鳥生産方法に基づいて、高級セキセイインコの雛鳥6羽を、該雛鳥の遺伝的な両親であって手乗りである高級セキセイインコの成鳥1つがいに約5週間育雛させて、一人餌(成鳥用飼料および飲み水を必要量独力で採取可能であって、独力で体温維持が可能な状態のこと)になった手乗りセキセイインコ雛鳥6羽を得た。
【0034】
本実施例では、室内に設置した35cm×40cm×43cmの飼育ケージの床面および壁面に、セキセイインコ用混合飼料・ボレー粉・青菜・塩土・カトルボーンなどの飼料と飲み水を、本発明の巣と共に配置した。この巣は、底部に厚さ1.5cmのラワン材、壁部に厚さ1.5cmのシルクウッドを用いた上面が開口した直方体で、底面を18cm×17cm、高さを6cm(それぞれ外寸)とした。底部の材質は吸水性、壁部の材質はセキセイインコの木をかじる習性上好ましい硬さと安全性があることに留意して選定した。
【0035】
本実施例では、雛鳥の遺伝的な親鳥が育雛用の手乗り成鳥でもあるため、巣は産卵前から飼育ケージに設置した。親鳥は、交尾の後、第1卵〜第6卵を11日間で産卵し、期間中の最低温度21℃、最高温度28℃の室温で、第1卵産卵後4日目から抱卵を開始し、16日間の抱卵期間を経て第1子が孵化した。
【0036】
孵化後は毎日12時間おきに雛鳥の体重測定と写真撮影および巣の掃除を行った。体重の推移は表1に記載した通り、従来の方法で生産された手乗りセキセイインコと遜色がないばかりか、個体によってはより良好な生育状態であった。尚、表1に記載した従来例の体重測定は、安全のため各雛鳥の孵化後7日目から行い、雛鳥を親鳥から分離するまでの期間は測定時のみ巣箱から雛鳥を取り出した。
【0037】
【表1】

Figure 2005000050
【0038】
また、体重測定と巣の掃除にかかった時間は毎回7分程度であった。この間は、飼育ケージの天井を取り外して育雛用成鳥を室内で自由に飛ばしたり飼育者が遊んでやったりする。育雛用成鳥が手乗りなので、飼育者に対して警戒音を発しないどころか飼育者になついている姿を日々目の当たりにしていたため、雛鳥に人間である飼育者が警戒対象だと刷り込まれず、よくなついた。また、体重測定は同時に雛鳥と飼育者とのスキンシップの役目も果たしたので、精神的に安定した手乗り鳥を得られた。体重測定のために飼育者が雛鳥を手に乗せていると、室内に放していた育雛用成鳥も飼育者の手に遊びに来ることがあり、飼育者の手で親子が遊んでいたり、親鳥が手の上で給餌や羽づくろいをしたり、時には睡眠をとることもあった。さらに、精神的に安定しているため、知的な発達も早く、例えば発達の段階に応じて変化する遊び内容の推移も早い手乗りになった。
【0039】
孵化後22日目頃から雛鳥は巣から自由に出入りできるようになり、徐々に成鳥と同じ餌を自分で採餌するようになった。孵化後27日目で完全に一人餌になったが、成鳥と雛鳥達を別の飼育ケージに分離するのは、成鳥が次の産卵前行動に入ってからの第1子孵化後40日目であった。
【0040】
孵化から成鳥との分離までの期間、飼育者が通常の手乗り成鳥飼育以外のために割いた時間は、のべ9.33時間(一回7分×一日2回×40日間)であった。
【0041】
孵化から成鳥との分離までの期間、給餌や保温、羽づくろいなど、一切の育雛は完全に成鳥が行った。飼育者は成鳥用の飼料や飲み水の交換、飼育ケージや巣の掃除(巣の内部は親鳥も掃除しているが、衛生面への配慮から飼育者が毎日2回掃除した)の他、上述した各種管理など、ごく一般的な世話を行っただけである。
【0042】
本実施例のように育雛用の成鳥と雛鳥の鳥種が同じ場合、雛鳥は、給餌中に成鳥の体液も同時に摂取することで、従来の手乗りより免疫力などが高まりより体力的にも良好な個体に育つ利点がある。
【0043】
(従来例)
従来の手乗りセキセイインコ生産方法を用いて、飼育ケージ、飼育場所、飼育期間の室温などの条件を上記(実施例)と等しくした環境で手乗りセキセイインコの雛鳥6羽を得た。
【0044】
親鳥が交尾を始めたので、成鳥1羽が出入りできる大きさの穴以外は木板で全面を覆われた従来の巣箱を飼育ケージに設置した。巣の内部を目視できないため、メスの体型や採餌の様子、巣から殆ど出てこなくなるなどの行動から、第1卵を産卵したと推測し、その後、12日間で合計6卵産卵した。第1卵産卵日から推定で18日目に第1子が孵化し、孵化後16〜18日目(推定)になった第1子と第2子の雛鳥を巣箱から飼育者が取り出し、親鳥から隔離した。その後、第6子まで順次、体格の成長に応じて親鳥から隔離していった。
【0045】
親鳥から隔離した雛鳥は、予めワラなどを敷いておいた「ふご」に移し、毎日朝6時から夜8時すぎまで1.5〜2時間おきに飼育者が差し餌を作り与えた。差し餌は、予め湯でふかした粟玉、ボレー粉、青菜をすり鉢ですり、親鳥の体温程度に湯煎して温めたものを毎回用意する。雛鳥6羽の約1日分の差し餌作りに約30分、1回差し餌するのに約30分かかった。
【0046】
また、親鳥から隔離した直後に初めて与える差し餌を全く受け付けない雛鳥もあり、この状態が2時間以上続いた個体は一旦親鳥の巣箱に戻し、後日改めて親鳥から隔離した。また、どの個体も親鳥から隔離後2〜3日間は飼育者に対して威嚇または警戒するような行動をとった。
【0047】
雛鳥の成長に応じて、「ふご」から「ますかご」や「プラケース」など、より大きい飼育容器を用意しておき、一人餌になるまでに3〜4回移し替えが必要になった。差し餌を食べる量は成長と共に多くなるが、一日に差し餌を与える回数は少しずつ減らすことが可能で、孵化後32日目(推定)で一人餌になる直前には差し餌の頻度は3〜4時間おきで済ませられるようになった。
【0048】
親鳥との分離から一人餌になるまでの期間、飼育者が通常の手乗り成鳥飼育以外のために割いた時間は、のべ59.5時間(毎朝30分×14日間+[一回30分×一日10回×7日間]+[一回30分×一日5回×7日間])であった。
【0049】
尚、上記実施例では、遺伝的に親子関係のあるセキセイインコを育雛用成鳥に用いたが、例えば同じセキセイインコ同士であっても遺伝関係がない手乗りセキセイインコの仮親を用いたり、ジュウシマツやスズメの手乗り雛鳥を手乗りセキセイインコの仮親で作ったり、キンカチョウの手乗り雛鳥を手乗りジュウシマツの仮親で作ったりと、実施の形態1〜4に詳説した方法により各種変形例で本発明を実施することも可能である。
【0050】
また、上記実施例では、雛鳥も育雛用成鳥にもセキセイインコを用いたため餌は種子類が中心だったが、本発明は、一部の飼鳥や特に野鳥など鳥の種類によっては昆虫やワームなどの生き餌を与える変形例でも実施可能である。
【0051】
【発明の効果】
請求項1に係る手乗り鳥生産方法によれば、従来の手乗り鳥生産方法に比べ、手乗り生産可能種が大幅に増加し、かつ非手乗り雛鳥を手乗り雛鳥にするための時間・労力・費用が圧倒的に少ない負担で生産可能になる。
【0052】
請求項2に係る手乗り鳥生産方法によれば、従来の手乗り鳥生産方法では手乗りにすることが不可能だった品種であっても手乗り鳥を生産することが可能になる。
【0053】
請求項3に係る手乗り鳥生産方法によれば、従来手乗りにすることが不可能だった品種の内、特に生き餌を必要とする種であっても、手乗り鳥を生産することが可能になる。
【0054】
請求項4に係る手乗り鳥生産方法によれば、「雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境」を容易に実現して、請求項1〜3に係る手乗り鳥の生産方法を簡便に実行できる。
【0055】
請求項5に係る巣によれば、請求項1〜4に係る手乗り鳥の生産方法を実行するにあたって、「雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境」を容易に実現できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a hand-riding bird, a nest used in the method, and a hand-riding bird produced by the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, finch species that are popular as wild birds and domestic birds cannot generally be hand-carried except for birds, and can only be hand-operated by parakeets and wild birds. In addition, as a method for picking up these parakeets and birds, etc., in the case of parakeets, except for holes of a size that allows one adult bird to enter and exit, from a nest box that is entirely covered with wooden boards, in the case of birds Except for vent holes and holes that are large enough to allow one adult to enter and exit, take out chicks 2 to 3 weeks after hatching from a box or nest that is entirely covered with wood board, isolate it from the parent birds, and feed for humans. The method of rearing has been widely known.
[0003]
In addition, as a technique regarding the breeding method of birds, for example, it is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, and as a technique regarding a bird's nest box, for example, it is disclosed in Patent Document 2 below.
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-9-117233 [Patent Document 2] JP-A-8-256625 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such conventional hand-operated bird production methods, the types of birds that can be hand-operated are very limited, and after isolation, they are fed every 1.5 to 4 hours every day until they are fed alone. Since it is necessary to prepare 3 to 5 kinds of breeding containers according to the growth of the animals, the time and labor required to ride by hand was enormous. In view of such a problem, the present invention makes it possible to produce various breeding birds including finch and parakeet other than wild birds and wild birds as hand rides, and all the time / The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a hand-riding bird with almost no labor and cost burden, a nest used for the method, and a hand-made bird produced.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research on breeding and production methods for the purpose of expanding the species to be produced by hand-operated birds and labor-saving and simplifying the production process, the present inventors have raised chicks on hand-operated birds, The inventors have found that chicks can be carried by hand in an environment where the inside of the nest and the bird body are exposed, and the present invention has been completed.
[0006]
That is, in the present invention, the method for producing a hand-drawn bird according to claim 1 is provided with a chick and a hand-drawn adult bird being nested, and the adult bird is in an environment in which the chick can visually observe a breeder. It is characterized by raising chicks.
[0007]
Further, in the present invention, the method for producing a hand-carrying bird according to claim 2 is the method for producing a hand-carrying bird according to claim 1, wherein the chick is a breed that cannot be conventionally hand-carryed. Features.
[0008]
Moreover, among the present invention, the method for producing a hand-carrying bird according to claim 3 is the method for producing a hand-carrying bird according to claim 2, wherein the chick is a breed that feeds on live food, The breeder feeds live food to the chicks.
[0009]
Moreover, among the present invention, the production method of the hand-riding bird according to claim 4 is the production method of the hand-riding bird according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the environment includes: a bottom portion; It is a nest that has a wall portion standing up around it and is created so that the upper surface is open.
[0010]
Moreover, the nest according to claim 5 is a nest used in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and has a bottom portion and a wall portion standing up around the nest. The upper surface is open.
[0011]
Moreover, among the present invention, the hand-riding bird according to claim 6 is produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, although embodiment of production of a hand-riding bird by this invention is described concretely, this invention is not restrict | limited to this.
[0013]
Further, in the following description, for the sake of convenience, expressions will be unified on the premise of chick raising and breeding in a breeding cage, but the place of implementation of the present invention is not limited to this, and it is very similar to nature, for example, a wild bird garden. Any place can be used as long as adult birds can be bred by hand, such as a place where the environment is separated from the outside by a net, a poultry house, a laboratory, a store, or a house.
[0014]
Furthermore, in the following description, it is assumed that the breeder appropriately manages the breeding environment by performing a normal breeding action according to the conditions of the place of implementation. For example, if carried out in a breeding cage, in addition to feeding various feeds and drinking water according to the food habits of chicks and adult chicks, cleaning the breeding cage, temperature management, bedtime / wake-up time management, etc. The elements that make birds feel dangerous, such as noise and vibration, are excluded from normal rearing activities, including nail clippers, bathing and sand bathing, and nest cleaning if necessary.
[0015]
(Embodiment 1)
In carrying out the method for producing a hand-drawn bird according to the present invention, first, a hand-drawn adult bird for breeding chicks that are being nest-drawn is prepared. The chicks prepared here are preferably those before the eyes are opened. Specifically, for example, budbirds that are less than about 7 days after hatching, and juvenile pine birds that are less than about 4 days after hatching are desirable. More preferably, a chick bird just after hatching is prepared. However, in reality, it is difficult to obtain chicks immediately after hatching or before the eyes are opened unless they are self-breeding. For example, sperm eggs may be obtained and laid on hand-fed adult birds for raising chicks.
[0016]
Nesting here means breeding a bird through the process of laying eggs, laying eggs, and raising chicks in an artificial environment such as a breeding cage or a poultry house, and chick raising is a parent bird (birth parent or temporary parent). Refers to raising chicks by feeding, heat-retaining, feathering, and chick bird dropping. Regardless of the breeding season, birds generally do not lay eggs or chicks unless they are nesting, so even species such as budgerigars that can breed throughout the year are not nesting. Incubation and breeding are not allowed.
[0017]
Moreover, the hand-riding adult bird used in the present invention means one or a plurality of hand-riding birds in a nest that can raise chicks. Although it is desirable to use the genetic parent bird of the chick, it is not necessarily limited to the genetic parent bird of the chick bird. For example, in the case of a bird species or individual that does not have sufficient breeding ability, for example, it is the same species and different from the parent bird. An equivalent result can be obtained even if a temporary parent that is an individual, a temporary parent that is a heterogeneous individual, or the like is used.
[0018]
However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that in order for a parent to incubate or raise a baby, the parent must also lay eggs, lay eggs, and raise eggs at the same time. The breeding preparation used will be performed in advance. Specifically, several temporary parents are prepared, and the nest time is adjusted in advance by providing estrus feed in a timely manner. In order to select different types of temporary parents, as with conventional non-hand-riding birds, the type of food, the size of the eggs, the shape and size of the beak, and the method of feeding the chicks can be raised. Species are desirable.
[0019]
In the present invention, one of the characteristics is that hand-operated birds are always used as adult birds for raising chicks. More preferably, mating birds for chick raising are compatible with each other, and more preferably mating in the most unprotected state. Use the one that is used to the breeder to such an extent that it does not move even if it moves with a breeding cage inside.
[0020]
Next, the chicks prepared as described above are grown on the hand-drawn adult birds in the nesting prepared as described above in an environment where the chicks can see the breeder. Specifically, the environment in which chicks can see the breeder is not limited to nest boxes or urn nests, for example, in food containers, on the floor of a garden box (Niwako), on the top of furniture, etc. It can be implemented even in an environment without a nest. In the following description, the environment in which chicks can visually observe the breeder is defined similarly.
[0021]
By using such hand-grown adult birds for raising chicks, even in environments where chicks that have been considered impossible to nest for many years (especially incubation and breeding) can be seen by the breeders, And even if the bird's body is exposed, it has become possible to raise the chicks until they are fed alone without abandoning them. Furthermore, because these hand-carrying adult birds are used for raising chicks, adult birds do not warn their breeders, even if they are supposed to be sensitive to the outside world, regardless of whether they are birds or humans. Not only will the keepers play. As a result, the chicks are not imprinted on the chicks as being vigilant, but rather learn that they are the other party to play. .
[0022]
(Embodiment 2)
In the second embodiment, a breed that has not been able to be hand-carried in the past is used as the chick bird according to the first embodiment. Even if this chick is a breed that could not be hand-carried in the past, for example, a finch other than wild birds and wild birds, This makes it possible to produce hand-caught birds in the same way. Examples of the finches other than the birds include juvenile pine and zebra finch for normal finch, and gold finch and gold finch for high-grade finch. However, in the second embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned example, and it is intended for all domestic birds and wild birds other than parakeets and wild birds that can be produced by hand-operated birds by a conventional method. It is desirable to adjust the food habits between chicks and adult chicks.
[0023]
Specifically, for example, finch chicks that can not be hand-operated, such as juvenile pine, are grown in an environment where chicks can visually observe the breeder, such as adults of budgerigars in nest-drawing Can produce hand-grown pine pine. Furthermore, when the first-generation hand-drawn pine trees produced in this way are paired with each other, the hand-drawn chicks can be produced more easily without using different types of temporary parents in the second and subsequent generations.
[0024]
In addition, the juvenile pine exemplified is widely used as a foster parent for the breeding of finches that cannot self-raise (such as female or paired adult birds to lay eggs, lay eggs, or raise chicks themselves), such as golden butterflies, crocodiles, and maple butterflies. . By using the hand-operated juvenile pine produced by the present invention, it has become possible to produce finch species that could not be raised by themselves as hand-operated birds.
[0025]
(Embodiment 3)
In the third embodiment, even if the chicks according to the second embodiment are varieties that feed on live foods, the chicks are used as living parents for the breeding chicks that are being nest-drawn. When the breeder feeds this, it is possible to produce hand-operated chicks in the same manner as described above. If the foster chick is a breed that does not feed on live food, even if the chick is a breed that needs to feed on live food, the chick before feeding alone will be You cannot eat live food unless you bring live food. Therefore, in the environment where the chicks can see the breeder, the breeder only gives the live food, and all other breeding chicks are carried out by hand-grown chicks. It becomes possible to produce hand-caught birds.
[0026]
More specifically, for example, adult nesting birds such as hand-buckled budgerigars and similar hand-brown juveniles produced by the above method do not feed live, and chicks feed live like, for example, sparrows. If it is a preferred wild bird or some breeding birds, feed chicks other than live food, heat retention, feathering, etc. should be adult birds, and keepers should bring live food to the chick's mouth with tweezers etc. This makes it possible to produce wild birds such as sparrows and hand-operated birds that feed on live food.
[0027]
In addition, if the first-generation hand-caught sparrows produced in this way are paired together, the second and subsequent generations can leave all chicks including live food feeding without using a different kind of parent. Riding chicks can be produced. However, as a matter of course, the breeder always supplies the live food necessary for raising the hand-grown sparrow adult bird, which is a parent bird, regardless of the breeding, together with other feeds and drinking water.
[0028]
(Embodiment 4)
In this Embodiment 4, it has a wall part which stood at the bottom part and the circumference | surroundings as an environment where a chick bird in the case of implementing the production method of the hand-riding bird which concerns on the said Embodiment 1-3 is visible to a breeder Use a nest created so that the top surface opens.
[0029]
This nest has only to have a bottom part and a wall part standing up around the bottom part, and the upper surface is open, so that the chick can see the breeder from the nest. Therefore, it is not always necessary that the bottom portion and the wall portion are made of different members. For example, the bottom portion and the wall portion may be integrally formed or may be curved in a bowl shape from the bottom portion to the wall portion. In addition, the nest material can be anything as long as the bird's body is safe and water-absorbing. Specifically, in addition to wooden boards such as lauan, SPF, silkwood, straw, palm, tree branches, etc. Use according to bird species. It should be noted that the present invention is also a modified example for laying eggs and raising eggs more suitably, such as putting various feeds and nest materials inside the nest, or providing a bottom of the egg holder when it is made of wood board etc. It can be implemented.
[0030]
(Embodiment 5)
The nest according to the fifth embodiment can be used in the method for producing hand-riding birds according to the first to fourth embodiments, and has a bottom portion and a wall portion standing up around the bottom portion so that the upper surface opens. Any nest having the properties exemplified in the fourth embodiment may be used.
[0031]
(Embodiment 6)
The hand-riding bird according to the sixth embodiment is characterized in that it is produced by any of the hand-riding bird production methods according to the first to fourth embodiments.
[0032]
(Example)
In the following examples, the method for producing a hand-riding bird of the present invention will be described in more detail, but this does not limit the present invention in any way.
[0033]
Based on the hand-riding bird production method of the present invention, six high-class budgerigar chicks are raised for about five weeks to one adult high-class budgerigar who is a genetic parent and a hand-ride of the chick bird. Six hand-boiled budgerigar chicks were obtained that had become a single bait (the necessary amount of adult feed and drinking water could be collected on their own and the body temperature could be maintained on their own).
[0034]
In this example, feed and drinking water such as mixed feed for budgerigars, volley powder, green vegetables, salted soil, and cattle bone were placed on the floor and wall of a 35 cm × 40 cm × 43 cm rearing cage installed indoors. Arranged with. This nest is a rectangular parallelepiped with an open top using 1.5cm thick lauan at the bottom and 1.5cm thick silk wood at the wall, 18cm x 17cm at the bottom and 6cm in height (each with external dimensions). ). The material of the bottom part was selected in consideration of water absorption, and the material of the wall part was selected in consideration of the hardness and safety favorable for the habit of biting the budgerigar tree.
[0035]
In this example, the genetic parent of the chick is also a hand-grown adult bird for chick raising, so the nest was placed in the breeding cage before spawning. After mating, the parent bird lays the first to sixth eggs in 11 days, and starts laying eggs on the 4th day after the first egg laying at room temperature of the lowest temperature of 21 ° C and the highest temperature of 28 ° C. The first child hatched after a 16-day incubation period.
[0036]
After hatching, chicks were weighed and photographed every 12 hours and the nest was cleaned. As shown in Table 1, the change in body weight was not inferior to that of hand-boiled budgerigars produced by the conventional method, and it was in a better growth state depending on the individual. In addition, the weight measurement of the conventional example described in Table 1 was performed from the seventh day after hatching of each chick for safety, and the chick was taken out from the nest box only during the measurement period until the chick was separated from the parent bird.
[0037]
[Table 1]
Figure 2005000050
[0038]
The time taken for weight measurement and nest cleaning was about 7 minutes each time. During this time, the ceiling of the breeding cage is removed and adult birds for chicks are allowed to fly freely indoors and the breeders play. Since adult birds for raising chicks are hand-held, I was witnessing the appearance of being a keeper rather than emitting a warning sound to the keeper, so it was not imprinted that chicks were human beings, and it was often printed It was. The weight measurement also played the role of skinship between the chick and the breeder, so that a hand-held bird that was mentally stable was obtained. If the breeder puts a chick on his / her hand for weight measurement, the adult chicks that had been released indoors may also come to the breeder's hand, and the parent / child is playing with the breeder's hand, Sometimes fed and winged on hands, sometimes even slept. Furthermore, because it is mentally stable, intellectual development is fast, for example, the transition of the content of play that changes according to the stage of development has also become a quick ride.
[0039]
From around the 22nd day of hatching, chicks were able to enter and exit freely from the nest, and gradually began to feed the same food as adults themselves. On the 27th day after hatching, they were completely fed alone, but adults and chicks were separated into separate cages on the 40th day after the first hatchling after adults entered the next pre-spawning behavior. Met.
[0040]
During the period from hatching to separation from adult birds, the total time spent by the breeder for purposes other than normal hand-grown adult bird breeding was 9.33 hours (7 minutes once x twice a day x 40 days). It was.
[0041]
During the period from hatching to separation from adult birds, all chicks were fed completely, including feeding, heat retention and feathering. In addition to changing the feed and drinking water for adult birds, cleaning the cages and nests of the birds (the inside of the nest also cleans the parent birds, but the hygienists have taken care of it twice daily). Only general care was taken, such as the various management mentioned above.
[0042]
When adult birds for raising chicks and bird species of chicks are the same as in this embodiment, chicks can simultaneously ingest body fluids of adult birds during feeding, which increases their immunity and other physical strength. There is an advantage of growing into a good individual.
[0043]
(Conventional example)
Using a conventional hand-held budgerigar production method, six hand-boiled budgerigar chicks were obtained in an environment in which the conditions such as the breeding cage, breeding place, and room temperature during the breeding period were the same as in the above (Examples).
[0044]
Since the parent birds began mating, a conventional nest box that was covered with a wooden board except for a hole that was large enough to allow one adult to enter and exit was placed in the breeding cage. Since the inside of the nest was not visible, it was presumed that the first egg was laid based on the body shape of the female, the state of foraging, and the behavior such as being almost out of the nest, and then a total of 6 eggs were laid in 12 days. The first offspring hatched on the 18th day from the first egg laying date, and the breeder took out the first and second offspring chicks from the nest box on the 16th to 18th day after hatching. Isolated from. After that, until the sixth child, I was isolated from the parent birds according to the growth of the physique.
[0045]
The chicks isolated from their parent birds were moved to “fugo”, which had been pre-laid with straw, and the breeder gave food every 1.5-2 hours from 6 am to 8 pm every day. For the bait, use a mortar filled with hot-boiled rice balls, volley powder, and green vegetables in advance, and prepare something that has been warmed to the temperature of the parent bird. It took about 30 minutes to feed six chicks for about one day, and about 30 minutes to feed once.
[0046]
In addition, there is a chick that does not accept any food to be fed for the first time immediately after being isolated from the parent bird. Individuals that have been in this state for more than 2 hours were once returned to the parent bird's nest box, and later isolated again from the parent bird. In addition, each individual acted as a threat or alert to the breeder for 2-3 days after isolation from the parent bird.
[0047]
Depending on the growth of the chicks, larger breeding containers such as "Fug", "Masukago" and "Placase" were prepared, and it was necessary to transfer 3 to 4 times before feeding alone. . The amount of food to be fed increases with growth, but the number of foods to be fed per day can be reduced little by little, and the frequency of feeding is just before becoming single food on the 32nd day after hatching (estimated). It came to be completed every 3-4 hours.
[0048]
During the period from separation from the parent bird to feeding alone, the time spent by the breeder for the purpose other than the usual manual breeding is 59.5 hours (30 minutes each morning x 14 days + [30 minutes at a time) X 10 times a day x 7 days] + [30 minutes once x 5 times a day x 7 days]).
[0049]
In the above examples, budgerigars that have a genetic parent-child relationship were used as adult birds for raising chicks.For example, even the same budgerigars can be used as temporary parents of hand-boiled budgerigars that have no genetic relationship, The sparrow hand-operated chicks can be made with a hand-held budgerigar's temporary parent, and a zebra finch hand-operated chicks can be made with a hand-operated juvenile pine temporary parent. It is also possible to implement.
[0050]
Further, in the above embodiment, budgerigars were used for both chicks and adult chicks, so the prey was mainly seeds. However, according to the present invention, insects, worms, etc. are used depending on the type of birds such as some domestic birds and especially wild birds. It is also possible to implement a modification that gives live food.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
According to the hand-riding bird production method according to claim 1, compared with the conventional hand-riding bird production method, the number of species that can be produced by hand-riding is greatly increased, and the time for making the non-hand-riding chick as a hand-riding chick It becomes possible to produce with much less labor and cost.
[0052]
According to the hand-riding bird production method according to claim 2, it is possible to produce hand-riding birds even for varieties that could not be hand-ridden by the conventional hand-riding bird production method.
[0053]
According to the hand-riding bird production method according to claim 3, it is possible to produce hand-riding birds even for varieties that could not be hand-carried in the past, especially those that require live food. become.
[0054]
According to the hand-riding bird production method according to claim 4, it is possible to easily realize the “environment in which chicks can see the breeder” and to easily carry out the hand-riding bird production method according to claims 1 to 3. .
[0055]
According to the nest according to the fifth aspect, in executing the hand-riding bird production method according to the first to fourth aspects, it is possible to easily realize an “environment in which chicks can see the breeder”.

Claims (6)

雛鳥と巣引き中の手乗り成鳥とを用意し、前記雛鳥が飼育者を目視可能な環境下で、前記成鳥に育雛させることを特徴とする手乗り鳥の生産方法。A method for producing a hand-operated bird, characterized in that a chick bird and a hand-drawn adult bird in a nest are prepared, and the chick bird is raised by the adult bird in an environment where a breeder can visually observe the breeder. 前記雛鳥は従来手乗りにできない品種であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法。The method for producing hand-operated birds according to claim 1, wherein the chicks are varieties that cannot conventionally be hand-operated. 前記雛鳥は生き餌を餌とする品種であって、前記雛鳥への生き餌の給餌を前記飼育者が行うことを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法。The method according to claim 2, wherein the chicks are varieties that feed on live food, and the breeder feeds the chicks with live food. 前記環境は、底部とその周囲に起立した壁部を有し上面が開口するように作成された巣であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の手乗り鳥の生産方法。The hand-caught bird according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the environment is a nest that has a bottom portion and a wall portion that stands up around the bottom portion and is formed so that an upper surface is open. Production method. 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法に使用する巣であって、底部とその周囲に起立した壁部を有し上面が開口していることを特徴とする巣。The nest used for the method of any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: The nest characterized by having the bottom part and the wall part which stood up in the circumference | surroundings, and the upper surface opened. 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法で生産されたことを特徴とする手乗り鳥。A hand-caught bird produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106070060A (en) * 2016-08-04 2016-11-09 遵义县强芳养殖发展有限公司 Rex rabbit frightened rex rabbit method for breeding can be avoided

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106070060A (en) * 2016-08-04 2016-11-09 遵义县强芳养殖发展有限公司 Rex rabbit frightened rex rabbit method for breeding can be avoided

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