JP2004511686A - tile - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to tiles to be installed in enclosed spaces, in particular, but not exclusively, in so-called humid spaces such as bathrooms, toilets, basements, but also in entrance halls, greenhouses and verandas. Regarding the tile to be installed.
The tile according to the present invention comprises at least one decorative plate (2) and one base plate (3) fixed to the decorative plate (2) by a foam or an adhesive. At least one side is recessed from the contour of the decorative plate (2).
The invention further provides that, instead, the base plate projects substantially the same distance from the decorative plate on the opposite side, or the base plate also retracts on its side (at those sides) from the contour of the decorative plate In which case the connecting strip can substantially fill the free space.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to edge configurations. A preferred variant is characterized in that a preferred flat heating element (5), in particular an electric heating mat, is arranged between the decorative plate (2) and the base plate (3).

Description

[0001]
The present invention relates to a tile comprising a base plate and at least one decorative plate, wherein the contours of the decorative plate and the base plate differ over at least a part of the perimeter of the tile.
[0002]
These types of tiles are mainly used for installation in enclosed spaces, especially, but not exclusively, on floors and walls of so-called humid places such as bathrooms, toilets, basements It is also used for floors and walls of entrance halls, greenhouses and verandas.
[0003]
Such tiles are well known from German Utility Model No. 7617129 and French Patent Publication No. 2570116, whereby, according to both publications, the base plate and the single decorative plate are shaped And the same size, but arranged at an angle to each other. As a result, the overlapping portions when the tiles are installed increase the mechanical rigidity and prevent the formation of steps. Of course, the installation is still done on a tile-by-tile basis, with care being taken in the horizontal adjustment and in particular to make the joints between the tiles straight.
[0004]
There is still no special arrangement that minimizes the work and cost of installing tiles in a building. As in the past, ceramic tiles are adhered to the floor substrate, stone tiles are adhered to the floor substrate one by one, or a low-thick, medium-thick, high-thick foundation method is used. Can be With an electric floor heating scheme, there is a danger that the mats or wires, respectively, will be installed on the surface of the basement floor and will therefore be damaged when the floor covering is installed. In any case, the heating elements are mounted on the floor substrate rather than on the floor covering, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the heating system.
[0005]
For mounting tiles on a gravel substrate outdoors, gluing several ceramic cover tiles or cut stone tiles to a base plate made of plastic foam material, or installing this tile in a gravel substrate, for example, Austria It is well known from US Patent No. 403813. In one embodiment, the two sides of the base plate can protrude from the decorative plate, and the protrusions are waterproof, frost resistant elastic joints to maintain the appearance impression of the separately installed decorative plate. Can be covered with strips.
[0006]
This tile has been found to work really well when installed outdoors in a gravel substrate, but does not meet the intended use described above. The reason is that the decorative plate is glued to the base plate, which is easier to install in a production facility for this purpose than in the construction site, but does not bring any advantage to the tile installation itself. It is something like Configurations with a protruding base plate are visually and mechanically unacceptable as they require covering with an insulating strip.
[0007]
The present invention is directed to creating a visually appealing, mechanically robust and economically manufactured tile for use as described above, and in one embodiment, in particular, to facilitate installation of a heating system. Designed and, in another embodiment, designed to be easier to install than previously known tiles.
[0008]
To this end, the present invention provides a method of attaching at least one decorative plate to a base plate with foam or adhesive, and retracting or projecting at least a portion of the thickness of at least one side of the base plate from the decorative plate, The opposite side of the base plate may be protruded or retracted the same distance from the decorative plate, or the opposite side of the base plate may be similarly retracted or protruded from the decorative plate, so that the connecting strip substantially creates the space thus created. We suggest that you fill in.
[0009]
In this way, the decoration plate can be formed into a suitable shape during manufacture, the remaining space can be filled with the foam, and the decoration plate can be fixed to the base plate with the foam. Fabricating the tiles in this manner results in the desired accuracy for indoor installation.
[0010]
Completed by a first variant of the invention which requires a base plate protrusion on two adjacent sides in the case of rectangular tiles and a similar protrusion on the decorative plate on the other two sides. Tile installation provides flexibility that can be adapted to some degree of unevenness of the floor, which is acceptable in construction, without adversely affecting the appearance and mechanical load-bearing of the finished floor. Furthermore, it is easier to install and adjust the tiles to each other.
[0011]
In a second variant of the invention, which designates only the projections of the decorative plate, it is possible to use a connecting strip which is mounted or fixed on the substrate with an adhesive, said connecting strip holding and supporting the tiles, Combined as necessary to make the installation and adjustment of the tiles much easier. Finally, the connection between the tile and the connecting strip is also easily repaired by being designed to be reversible or at least easily detachable.
[0012]
By reversing the second variant of the invention and characterizing only the protrusions of the base plate, it is possible to mount the strip between decorative plates extending over several tiles in at least one direction, thus Adjustment and installation are easier and the mechanical stiffness of the cover is increased overall.
[0013]
In one embodiment of each of these variants, the side edges of the base plate are provided with a shape such as, for example, a strip-like protrusion and a groove-like depression, or a stepped or angled configuration. On the one hand, it also makes installation easier and, on the other hand, further increases the mechanical load bearing capacity.
[0014]
Another embodiment of the present invention is to install a heating mat or a heating element such as a heating wire or a heating tube on the back side of the decorative plate, respectively, and to fix them when connecting the base plate and the decorative plate. For this purpose, corresponding plugs or contacts or fittings are provided at corresponding edges of the base plate. In a second variant of the invention, an electrical or liquid connection or fitting is supported in or on the connecting strip, so that cables, tubes and the like need not be exposed.
[0015]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a tile according to the present invention. The tile consists essentially of a decorative plate 2 and a base plate 3. As explained above, the base plate 3 is fixed to the decorative plate 2 by foam. That is, the connection between the decorative plate and the base plate fixed to the decorative plate with a foam is performed when the base plate is manufactured. Depending on the material used, of course, the additional adhesive is applied or sprayed onto the contact area between the decorative plate 2 and the one that will become the base plate 3 when solidifying or when the shape on the back of the decorative plate 2 The adhesion of the base plate 3 at the time of adaptation can be improved or the adhesion speed can be increased.
[0017]
FIG. 1 shows that a nub 4 can be provided on the underside of the base plate 3, which also helps to facilitate the installation of the tile 1 with a tile adhesive or the like.
[0018]
FIG. 1 also shows that the right edge of the base plate 3 projects from the edge of the decorative plate 2 by a width B in the drawing. When the opposite side of the decorative plate 2 further projects from the base plate by the same width B, so that the tiles are installed edge-to-edge, the joint between the individual tiles 1 is essentially at the height of the tile. It does not extend perpendicular to it, but at least forms a step. This thereby provides the above-mentioned advantages for the installation and load-bearing of the tile according to the invention.
[0019]
FIG. 2 shows a modification of the present invention. In this figure, the projecting edge 3 ′ of the tile 3 is thinner than the base plate portion under the decorative plate 2, so that the area 2 ′ of the decorative plate protrudes from the base plate to make up for this, and the base plate is And the size of the thin area 3 "corresponds to the size of the decorative plate in this area. Each of these base plate regions 3 ′ and 3 ″ has a thickness which, in total, is equal to the thickness of the main region below the decorative plate 2.
[0020]
FIG. 3 shows another variant, in which the thickness of the protruding area 3 ′ of the base plate 3 gradually decreases outwards and likewise lies below the protruding decorative plate area 2 ′. The thickness of the area 3 "on the opposite side of the base plate gradually increases from the edge towards the inside.
[0021]
Of course, different forms are selectable, as shown in FIG. For example, it is possible to select a protrusion or a recess which is close to the shape of commonly used nubs 9 'or springs 9 or even takes its specific shape, with an appropriate thickness of the base plate.
[0022]
5 to 7 which show merely schematic plan views of the tile according to the invention, it can be seen that the position of the base plate is displaced with respect to the decorative plate as a result of the following form, and, of course, It can be seen that several decorative plates can be combined on one base plate (FIG. 6). If the decorative plate does not have a defined perimeter as shown in FIG. 7, it is advantageous for installation and handling if the base plate has a contour that is enclosed by a straight line.
[0023]
FIG. 7 also shows that it is also possible to produce a base plate with a nubbed edge. To do this, you only have to imagine two tiles turned upside down, ie, viewed from below. The nub and notch fit easily with each other and help to facilitate installation and adjustment of the cover, especially on large surfaces.
[0024]
These illustrations show that in many cases, for simplicity, the base plate is substantially congruent with the decorative plate and only slightly displaced, but this is not a requirement. is there.
[0025]
To install the tile according to the invention, start to cover the edge of the face with one of the sides of the tile with a protruding decorative plate, and, if necessary, under it to avoid hollow space. Can be filled with a strip of foam material and the adhesive used. Then, for the first row of the first plate or tile already installed in this way, set the next tile in the appropriate orientation, glue it to the substrate if necessary, and finally, if necessary , The tiles located on the opposite edge are cut to fit using a saw or a tile cutter or the like and placed as a border.
[0026]
For decorative plates, ceramic materials can be used, or cut stone tiles, artificial stone, wood, aluminum, NIRO, high quality steel or similar materials can be used, and for base plates, foam plastics (especially resin ) And, in particular, polyamides, polyimides, polyurethanes and polystyrene plastics (or resins), but also foamed compounds with cellulose fibers and / or stone fibers. Particularly suitable are so-called solid rigid foams, elastic rigid foams, reaction injection molding materials and so-called coating methods, however, prepreg and wet laminating methods are also suitable. Materials that do not absorb water when cured are particularly preferred in wet locations.
[0027]
By arranging the tiles according to the invention, an easily and simply installed electric or liquid heating system can be provided in a simple and cost-effective manner. For this purpose, heating elements (capillary systems) are provided in the individual base plates or in the connection area between the individual base plates and the corresponding decorative plates, and preferably they are glued or foamed. It only needs to be fixed by the body. These heating elements have flat planar features, for example, heating mats substantially corresponding to the surface of the base plate, or have linear features and are arranged in a meandering or similar pattern. It may take the form of a resistance wire or a capillary tube.
[0028]
In order to easily install and connect the individual heating elements thus formed, preferably only plugs or fittings should be provided at appropriate places on the edges of such tiles, said plugs or fittings being provided. The mates usually mate together as individual tiles are installed.
[0029]
FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 schematically show such a configuration, and FIG. 8 shows that two plugs 6 ', 6 "are both connected in accordance with the manner in which the edges of adjacent tiles are formed. Fig. 8 shows the form of a plug, which is pressed substantially horizontally. Fig. 8 also schematically shows a heating wire 5 and a heating mat, respectively, each terminating in a plug 6 'or 6 ", respectively.
[0030]
In FIG. 9, a plug 7 ′, 7 ″ is provided on a tile whose edge shape substantially matches the tile of FIG. 2, wherein the two tiles are vertically Joins when pushed. The tile shown in FIG. 8 has a base plate, which has a reduced thickness, but which at least protrudes from the decorative plate at the edge shown in the drawing, and at least the opposite edge again has a reduced thickness. This arrangement is possible because it extends to the edge of the decorative plate. Thus, there are at least two edges where there are areas of the tile 3 where the plugs 7 ', 7 "can be embedded with foam or secured with an adhesive.
[0031]
FIG. 10 shows a variant which can be selected in the case of an inclined edge. This modification shows that the configuration according to the present invention is possible regardless of the method of forming the edge.
[0032]
FIG. 11 shows a cross section through the joint of two tiles of a second variant of the invention. In the embodiment shown, both ends of the decorative plate 2 protrude from the base plate 3 and the drawing shows how a thin area of each base plate extends to the edge of the decorative plate. This, on the one hand, serves as a mechanical stiffener and, on the other hand, makes it possible to provide projections 12 and recesses 13 on the connecting strip 10 at appropriate places on the base plate 3. In this way, the individual tiles can be adjusted to each other exactly in the simplest way.
[0033]
The protrusion 12 may take the shape of a strip as shown (where the recess is the shape of a notch), or it may take the shape of a cone, a truncated cone, or a sphere. In these cases, it also serves to make an adjustment in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connecting strip 10.
[0034]
In addition to each protrusion 12 or recess 13, of course, in the form of a springback metal strip (not shown), pegs, etc. (not shown) to create an electrical connection for the resistive heating system between the decorative plate and the base plate It is easy to provide electrical contacts (or fittings for liquid heating systems). If these contacts are in the form of plugs and are sufficiently rigid mechanically, they may also serve as protrusions 12 / recesses 13, but in most cases this is not preferred.
[0035]
Of course, recesses and protrusions in thin areas of the base plate can be provided on the connecting strip 10 without inconvenience. Preferably, the connecting strip 10 can be of a length extending over several tiles, whereby the mechanical stability and the adjustment are further improved. The laterally extending strip is correspondingly shorter (if the other edge of the tile does not end with the edge maintaining thickness or due to the first variant of the invention).
[0036]
The connecting strip 10 can be raised to the extent that the tiles only rest on the connecting strips rather than on the floor. This is particularly useful in the case of uneven floors where it is inappropriate to place tiles over the surface. In this case, in particular, it is also conceivable for the connecting strip to be considerably shorter than the side edges of the tile, so that it only makes intermittent contact with the substrate. In this case, it is preferable to arrange the individual connecting strips in the corner areas of the tile for reasons of mechanical stability. Also in this case, the preferred connecting strip is cross-shaped, ie the connecting strip and the connecting strip intersecting the connecting strip are formed as one piece (preferably) over a relatively short length, and thus Each corner area holds four tiles. In special cases, for example when making wall coverings, it is preferable to be able to form a regular grid of connecting strips and install them as a whole. In this case, what has been said in this description for the connecting strip applies mutatis mutandis to the individual parts of the grid.
[0037]
Another method of joining the tiles and connecting strips by protrusions is to hold the protrusions in the recesses by deformation by springs or by springback, so that the substrate or connecting strips and the tiles are each glued together. Eliminates the need to combine.
[0038]
This makes the repair of the cover much easier. The protrusion / recess may be part of a connecting strip / tile or may be a component for anchors inserted therein. In the latter case, it can be stated that the connection can only be released by breaking, and that these anchor parts then need to be replaced. In this way, the best anchor strength is obtained with only a small increase in cost for the anchor element being removable repeatedly.
[0039]
FIGS. 7 to 9 show schematics of plugs or contacts (fittings), which may be manufactured by any person skilled in the art of floor heating systems who are familiar with the art. Can be easily selected from those provided, and need not be described further. In a preferred embodiment, the plugs corresponding to the receptacles 6 ', 7', 8 'provide the electrical connection with significant tilt and inaccuracies in the location of adjacent tiles, which can occur during tile installation. It can have a sufficiently large contact area to adjust without loss.
[0040]
In the transition from one row of tiles to the next, connecting cables (connecting pipes) can be used, or, preferably, individual rows of tiles can be separately powered by distribution cables.
[0041]
Due to a feature of the invention, the heating element can be fixed directly to the decorative plate (in the drawing, this is drawn in an exaggerated wavy manner from the decorative plate for a more clear illustration), or Can be mounted on an insulating foam, whereby the efficiency and especially the service speed of the heating system is greatly improved compared to the prior art.
[0042]
In producing the tiles with the heating elements according to the invention, they are firstly fixed at least in parts on the tiles in the mould, in order to ensure correct positioning, and then using foam. Attach the base plate or attach the pre-foamed base plate using an adhesive. When using the prepared base plates, it is also possible to fix the heating elements on them and then glue the prepared units to the cover tile. Of course, it is also possible to simply place the heating element down and then in one operation, use the foam to form the base plate and bond it with the heating element and the cover tile.
[0043]
FIG. 12 schematically shows a base plate 22 of the tile 21 according to the present invention. The base plate 22 is formed so that all sides protrude from the decorative plate 23. However, the side edges are not normally enclosed in a straight line, but rather, in the embodiment shown, have two triangular protrusions 24 or two triangular recesses 25 on each side. When the tiles 21 are fitted, the protrusions 24 fit into the areas of the recesses 25, as shown in FIG. 12, so that the positions of the adjacent tiles do not move in the directions of the double-headed arrows F and F ', respectively. I do. In this way, if the four corners of four adjacent tiles seem to fit together, possibly in one place (using the most common pattern of mounting tiles in a square), A visually appealing shape is obtained in the problem area 26 without the need for complicated installations that can only be performed.
[0044]
FIG. 13 shows a variant, in which, for the sake of simplicity, only the contours of the two types of tiles 21 ′ and 21 ″ are shown before the last indentation. The protrusions 24 and recesses 25 are fitted and joined such that a second type of tile, shown as a disk 21 'in the example, is positioned accurately oriented around the surrounding tile 21 ". In this way, the decoration seen on the tile 21 'can be arranged at an exact angle. Furthermore, the connecting locating elements 24, 25 between the tiles 21 "ensure the exact positioning of each other, so that the tiles 21 'are installed in precise circular recesses. Would not be installed in a recess made up of four mutually offset quarter-arcs.
[0045]
Of course, it is not necessary for the cross-section of the connecting locating elements 24, 25 to be triangular, and it is clear that arc-shaped projections or recesses can be selected here. The choice is always possible, especially if it is easier to make the corresponding foamed shape of the base plate than to make the angled parts shown in the figures. No mention is made of the formation of the radius of curvature, and no further explanation is necessary for those skilled in the tile installation art to be aware of the preparation required to do this.
[0046]
Especially when using integrally foamed positioning means, these means can likewise be used for positioning at right angles to the height of the tile. For this purpose, the height of the positioning elements must be adapted and limited to prevent vertical displacement of the tiles from each other.
[0047]
12 and 13 do not show the heating system. However, this can easily be provided, just as in the other variants shown.
[0048]
14 and 15 show a particularly preferred variant of the invention, which makes it possible to obtain a very simple but particularly accurate installation of the tiles. To this end, in the embodiment shown, the mounting strips 40, 49 are attached to the floor or the base or floor base 30, for example, by means of the screws 41 shown. The mounting strips 40, 49 hold the projections 42, 43 and optionally have recesses (not shown). The installation strips 40, 49 contact the floor 30 by the leveling layer 50. This leveling layer allows the entire surface to be contacted, thus maximizing the transmission of forces. This leveling layer may consist of a flexible material, for example a felt-like or foam material, which is also used in additional work and in special environments where the surrounding area may be soiled. However, it can also be a viscous compound or another material used separately from the installation strip.
[0049]
Thus, separate tiles 31 are installed on the floor 30 with the installation strips 40, 49 at appropriate intervals. These consist of a base plate 33 and at least one decorative plate 32 for each tile, as in other embodiments of the invention. For simplicity, in the illustrated embodiment, only one decorative plate 32 is assigned to each tile 31.
[0050]
The base plate 33 shows a recess that works with the protrusions 42, 43 of the installation strip 40 and determines and maintains the position of the tile 31 with respect to the installation strip 40. This does not require the individual tiles to be accurately aligned and glued to the floor one by one, or require any other suitable method of attaching the tiles. Rather, the tiles 31 can be mounted on pre-installed installation strips 40, 49 and / or in the space formed between the installation strips. In this case, the tiles can be adhered to the installation strips 40, 49 or adhered to the floor 30 in the usual tile installation manner.
[0051]
As shown in the left part of FIG. 14, the positioning element 43 can be used as a plug and / or a contact for supplying a current to the heating device 35 provided in the base plate 33. In this case, the current in the installation strip 40 can be conducted through one or several cables 44 running lengthwise, as shown in FIG. Connect with the contact to be made. Of course, the contacts could be separate from the protrusions 43 to avoid having to create too complicated components when assembling the mold for the mounting strip 40.
[0052]
The mounting strips 40, 49 can be made of high-density foamed PU-foam or some other synthetic material, preferably of a material similar to that of the base plate, with positioning elements, protrusions 42, 43 and / or Alternatively, the recesses (not shown) can be manufactured during the production of the installation strip 40, preferably in one operation, but with such components attached to the intermediate product and / or with such features in the intermediate product. Can be incorporated. Certainly, the mounting strips 40, 49 can be manufactured using wood or metal.
[0053]
FIG. 15 shows a variant using a wider installation strip, ie installation strip 49. This allows the decorative strip 45 to be used in the area of the decorative plate 45, thereby further expanding the possibility of visual design of the surface created by the tile. In this case, the decorative strip 45 is also provided with a base layer 46, provided that the base layer 46 is considerably lower due to the height of the mounting strip 49. Otherwise, the configuration of the tiles and / or installation strips 40, 49 is the same, with the difference that the power supply 47 shown on the left side of FIG. It only shows that it extends inside the office.
[0054]
14 and 15, a seal 48 is provided at each seam in the surface area, i.e. in the area of the decorative surfaces 32, 45, which can be made of various materials; Depending on the material used, it can be applied at significantly different times. Therefore, this sealing material can be created by finish-coating silicone rubber. Alternatively, a separate band can be used as a seal, which is also compressed and press-fitted during installation of the tile 31 and / or decorative strip 45 to extend the sealing effect. Of course, especially for the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the seal 48 is secured to the decorative strip 45 to facilitate handling. Of course, all other methods well known in the sealing art and used on floors and wall coverings can be used. In the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the mounting strips 40, 49, short cruciform strips that can be separately mounted can be used, and the short cruciform strips are used in order for proper positioning by the mounting strips 40, 49 to take place. May be limited to a base and support function around the edge of the tile, and thus need not be installed with the same precision as the installation strips 40, 49. However, tiles having the form of the base plate 33 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 on only two opposing edges and having straight edges on the other two opposing sides can also be used. As a result, there is no need to provide a cruciform strip. It is true that the mounting strips 40, 49 can also be provided with adjusting elements for the cruciform strips, so that the cruciform strips can be installed with high precision and without complicated calculation methods. . Those skilled in the tile installation arts who understand the present invention will readily be able to carry out all these details and variations.
[0055]
FIG. 16 shows a reversal of the situation in FIG. 11, whereby this mere schematic illustration omits details such as heating and protrusions / recesses which serve to adjust the tiles. The base plates 53 of the tiles 51 are in contact with each other and the edges of the decorative plate 52 adjacent the seam are recessed to create a space for the decorative strip 50, which consists of a base strip 54 and a decorative strip 55. . Again, the connection of the individual parts can be provided by corresponding protrusions / recesses, and the connection of the heating elements in the individual tiles between the strip and the tiles is made by plugs / contacts / matings The seal 58 can be provided for sealing in the joint area, and all other features and elements described for other embodiments can be present.
[0056]
A special feature that can be considered is that the decorative plate is studded with sound-absorbing particles, for example steel particles, on the side of the decorative plate facing the base plate, for example by screen printing. The particles can also be applied to a film or another thin layer and the layer can be glued or fixed to the decorative plate in some other way. In this case, the particles are preferably applied in a special pattern, and a person skilled in the art of footstep sound insulation and who understands the present invention will recognize, for example, patterns in curved lines extending from corner to corner and side edges. Can be easily selected with a pattern having lines extending in parallel along the line, and a pattern in which these are not provided in the central region of the tile.
[0057]
This also applies to the person skilled in the field of electric underfloor heating, regarding the design of the plugs or electrical contacts, the configuration of the flat heating element 35, and the number of bolts and amps applicable. When using a liquid heating system, it is easy for those skilled in the art having an understanding of the present invention to determine and prepare small pipes or elements to be embedded in the foam and prepare them before installation. With the understanding of the present invention, the mating can be easily selected and added to the foam secured mold as needed. The present invention enables the use of all these features and components that are well known from the prior art and shows the inventive features only in the form of tiles according to the present invention.
[0058]
The present invention can be variously modified. Thus, the nubs 4 shown in FIG. 1 can be omitted or the nubs 4 can be in the form of strips or with a larger projecting surface, and these nubs or strips can be higher than shown. Or it can be lower. Although the present invention has been described using the example of a rectangular tile, in special cases, other polygonal shapes and equivalent shapes in which a plurality of circular portions and / or other lines define an outline may also be used. It is also possible to use. In these cases, instead of the protruding and / or recessed side of the base plate, a corresponding part can be used which can be easily carried out by a person skilled in the art who understands the invention.
[0059]
The size of the tiles is inherently different depending on the ease of handling and appropriateness of installation on a normal substrate, and naturally depends on the form and size of the surface to be covered, and depends on the decorative plate used. A size that can be handled without problems is preferred, but can be as small as square meters or more.
[0060]
Of course, reinforcement can be provided on the base plate during manufacture to increase mechanical strength. For this purpose, various mats, nets or reinforcing elements (such as fiberglass) can be used which are embedded in most of the foam plate.
[0061]
The drawing shows a heating element arranged in the uppermost region of the base plate, but it is claimed in the claims that the heating element is mounted between the base plate and the decorative plate. The reason is that the preferred method of manufacture is to place the decorative plate first in the foam, place the heating element on the top, and then secure it all using foam. During this step, a portion of the heating element moves into the top region of the base plate, but a portion remains in the boundary region. The first variant was chosen because it is more suitable for illustration.
[0062]
Especially the edges of the base plate usually have a profile and, for mechanical reasons, without the details of extending the thin region to the edge of the decorative plate to the edge of the decorative plate, the claims and the details In a simple description, the “outline” of the base plate is frequently described. What is meant when defining the contour of the base plate is not the thin part of the base plate which only protects the edges of the decorative plate, but rather the part which naturally absorbs mechanical stresses.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG.
It is sectional drawing of the tile which concerns on the 1st modification of this invention.
FIG. 2
It is sectional drawing of the tile which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 3
It is sectional drawing of the tile which concerns on another embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 4
It is sectional drawing of the tile which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 5
FIG. 2 is a mere schematic plan view of different shapes of tiles.
FIG. 6
FIG. 2 is a mere schematic plan view of different shapes of tiles.
FIG. 7
FIG. 2 is a mere schematic plan view of different shapes of tiles.
FIG. 8
FIG. 2 is a view of a tile according to the invention with an integrated heating element.
FIG. 9
FIG. 2 is a view of a tile according to the invention with an integrated heating element.
FIG. 10
FIG. 2 is a view of a tile according to the invention with an integrated heating element.
FIG. 11
It is sectional drawing of the tile which concerns on the 2nd modification of this invention.
FIG.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a third modified embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing details of a third modified embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14
FIG. 2 illustrates a particularly preferred embodiment.
FIG.
FIG. 2 illustrates a particularly preferred embodiment.
FIG.
FIG. 4 shows a further variant of the invention.

Claims (31)

A tile comprising a base plate (3, 33, 53) and at least one decorative plate (2, 32, 52), the tile comprising: a contour of the decorative plate (2, 32); (3, 33) differs over at least a portion of the tile's contour and is used for installation in an enclosed space, especially including in damp locations;
Said tile comprises at least one decorative plate (2, 32) and said base plate (3, 33) secured by foam or adhesive;
At least one side of the base plate (3, 33) retracts or projects from the contour of the decorative plate (2, 32), and on the opposite side, the base plate projects substantially the same distance from the decorative plate A tile, characterized in that the connecting strips (10, 40, 49, 50) at least substantially fill the space thus created. The tile according to claim 1, characterized in that the side edges of the base plate (3, 33) have a shape. 3. The tile according to claim 2, wherein the side edges of the base plate are beveled or stepped. A heating element (5), preferably an electric heating mat or a liquid heating element, is mounted between said decorative plate (2, 32) and said base plate (3, 33). 4. The tile according to any one of 1 to 3. On the same side edge of the adjacent base plate (3) or on the same side edge of the base plate (3) and the connecting strips (10, 40, 49, 50), a plug or fitting ( The tile according to claim 4, characterized in that the tiles (6 ', 6 ", 7', 7", 8 ', 8 ") are mounted. The tiles (1, 31) are provided with positioning elements, in particular recesses (13) and / or protrusions, and the connecting strips (10, 40, 49) have positioning elements in similar locations; 6. The tile according to claim 1, wherein the at least one protrusion (12, 42, 43) and / or the recess is provided in a similar manner. A tile according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side edges of the base plate (22) are provided with connecting positioning elements such as protrusions (24) and recesses (25). Said base plate (3, 24, 33, 53) comprises a curable compound, said compound comprising cellulose fibers and / or stone fibers, comprising polyamide, polyimide, polyurethane and / or polystyrene or their resins; 8. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a so-called one-piece rigid foam, an elastic rigid foam, a RIM (reaction injection molding) material and a so-called "coating method" are used. The tile described. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the positioning elements are formed as separate parts and are fixed to the base plate with foam. tile. A tile according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the positioning element (12, 13, 24, 25, 42, 43) is formed as a separate part and is detachably connected to the base plate. . The tile according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the positioning element (12, 13, 24, 25, 42, 43) is formed by the shape of the base plate (22, 33). The tile according to any of claims 9 to 11, wherein the positioning elements (12, 13, 24, 25, 42, 43) perpendicular to the plane of the tile have different cross sections. A positioning element (12, 13) of the connecting strip (10), a positioning element (42, 43) of the connecting strip (40, 49), and a positioning element (24, 25) of the base plate have elasticity; The tile according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the tile can be fitted and connected by elastic deformation. A positioning element (12, 13) of the connecting strip (10), a positioning element (42, 43) of the connecting strip (40, 49), and a positioning element of the base plate (1, 31) have elasticity; The tile according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the tiles can be separated from each other by elastic deformation. 14. The tile according to claims 10 and 13, wherein the positioning elements are separable from each other by plastic deformation. The tile according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the seal (48, 58) is provided in the area where the two plates meet. The tile according to claim 16, wherein the sealing portion is provided on an edge. 18. The tile according to claim 1, wherein a sound absorbing medium for absorbing resonance is provided on a surface of at least one decorative plate facing the base plate. 19. The tile according to claim 18, wherein the sound absorbing medium is particulate. The density of the sound absorbing medium, tile according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that more than 2500 kg / ^{m 3.} 21. The tile according to any of claims 18 to 20, wherein the density of the sound absorbing medium is at least twice the average density of the base plate. A tile according to any of claims 18 to 21, wherein the sound absorbing medium is a metal, in particular steel. 23. A connecting strip according to any of the preceding claims, having a positioning element corresponding to the positioning element of the tile. Electrical contacts and connections or fittings are provided, by means of which electric or liquid heating elements (5, 35) of the tiles (1, 31) are supplied with electric current or heating medium. 23. A connecting strip according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that: 25. A connecting strip according to any of claims 23 or 24, characterized in that it has a length longer than the edge length of the individual tiles, preferably a multiple of the edge length. 26. The method according to claim 23, wherein the positioning elements are formed as separate parts and are fixed to the connecting strip with foam. Connecting strip. 26. The method according to claim 23, wherein the positioning element is formed as a separate part and is detachably connected to the connecting strip. Connecting strip. 26. The connecting strip according to claim 23, wherein the positioning elements (12, 13, 24, 25, 42, 43) are formed by the shape of the connecting strip. 24. The connecting strip according to claim 23, wherein the positioning element is conical, truncated conical or spherical. A connecting strip according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a connecting strip part according to any of the claims 23 to 29. 31. The connecting strip according to claim 30, characterized in that it is arranged in a grid, in particular a square grid.