JP2004357547A - Method and apparatus for separating hypocotyl from bean - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus with which a large amount of hypocotyls are rapidly and continuously separated from unswollen beans and a hypocotyl raw material having a high isoflavone content is produced. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus is equipped with a projection means 30 for projecting the unswollen beans having two cotyledons, an impact face means 50 for shocking the projected beans by the impact and separating hypocotyls from at least a part of the beans, recovery means 40 and 60 for recovering a mixture comprising the beans and the hypocotyls after the shock and a separation means 9 having a sieve for separating the hypocotyls from the recovered mixture. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating hypocotyls from beans.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Beans having two cotyledons, such as soybeans, contain on average 0.2-0.4 (wt%) isoflavones. The isoflavone content of the hypocotyl is 1.40 to 1.76 (wt%). The isoflavone content of the cotyledons is 0.15 to 0.32 (wt%). The isoflavone content of the seed coat is 0.01 to 0.02 (wt%). That is, the isoflavone content of the hypocotyl is much higher than that of the cotyledon and the seed coat.
[0003]
Soy is mainly used in the production of edible oils, and the remaining defatted soybean meal is used as feed. If the hypocotyl can be separated and used as a raw material for isoflavones before producing the edible oil, the added value of soybean can be improved.
[0004]
A conventional vibrator separates the seed coat and hypocotyl from soybean by adjusting the frequency (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
In addition, there is a case where a seed coat and a hypocotyl are separated from soybean using a special impeller (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0006]
Further, there is a method in which soybeans are transported above an impeller and projected by the impellers to collide with a wall to give an impact, thereby separating a seed coat and an embryo from the soybean (for example, see Patent Document 3).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-164678 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-313150 [Patent Document 3]
UK Patent Application Publication No. 2151903
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the vibrator disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to swell soybeans to be sieved in advance by immersing the soybeans in a special solution. Further, the obtained product has a high water content, and thus requires further drying treatment.
[0009]
The apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 also requires that the soybean to be separated be swelled by immersing it in water in advance.
[0010]
In the apparatus for peeling soybeans disclosed in Patent Literature 3, a part of soybeans that have been impacted by colliding with a wall (bounced soybeans) are subjected to the same treatment again. In this apparatus, it is preferable that the soybeans are heated in advance so that the seed coat is slightly removed and covers the embryo.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems associated with the above-mentioned prior art, and rapidly and continuously separates a large amount of hypocotyls from unswelled beans, and produces a hypocotyl raw material having a large isoflavone content. And a method and apparatus therefor.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 for achieving the above object,
Separating the hypocotyl from at least a portion of the beans by projecting and bombarding the unswelled beans with two cotyledons with an impact surface;
Recovering the mixture containing the beans and hypocotyl after impact,
A method for separating hypocotyls from beans, wherein the recovered mixture is sieved to obtain a mixture containing hypocotyls as a main component.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 8 for achieving the above object,
Projecting means for projecting unswelled beans,
Impacting means for separating the hypocotyl from at least a portion of the beans by impacting the projected beans by impact,
Recovery means for recovering the mixture comprising the beans and hypocotyls after impact;
An apparatus for separating hypocotyls from beans, comprising: a sieve; and a selection means for selecting hypocotyls from the recovered mixture.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016]
The apparatus is adapted for separating hypocotyls from unswollen beans having two cotyledons, and has a projection means 30, a collision surface means 50, a collection means, and a sorting means 90.
[0017]
The projection means 30 is used for projecting the beans and causing the beans to collide with the collision surface means 50. The collision surface means 50 is a plate-shaped member used to impact the projected beans by colliding and to separate the hypocotyl from at least a part of the beans.
[0018]
The position of the collision surface means 50 is adjustable, and it is preferable that the collision surface means 50 is arranged at a position that limits the projection distance of beans to 20 cm or more and 80 cm or less. The collision surface of the collision surface means 50 against which the projected beans collide is preferably flat, wavy, or concave, and more preferably concave.
[0019]
The recovery means is used to recover the mixture containing the beans and hypocotyl after impact, and comprises an upright support 40 arranged parallel to the collision surface means 50 and a periphery of the support 40. And a wall portion 60 to be formed.
[0020]
The support 40 is arranged on one side of the projection means 30 and has an opening (projection port) 41 through which the projected beans pass. The opening 41 is disposed substantially at the center of the support 40. The wall 60 has a bottom in which an outlet 61 from which a mixture containing beans and hypocotyl after impact is discharged.
[0021]
The support 40 has a plurality of (for example, four) projections 42, and the collision surface means 50 has a hole 51 corresponding to the projection 42. The collision surface means 50 is supported (fixed) in parallel by the support body 40 by fitting (inserting) the projection 42 into the hole 51. It is preferable that the projection 42 and the hole 51 are fixed by a screw type with the same pitch number.
[0022]
The sorting means 90 comprises, for example, a vibrating sieving device, and is used to sort hypocotyls from the recovered mixture (including beans and hypocotyl after impact). The vibrating sieve device has three types of mesh sieves, and is arranged in the mesh order.
[0023]
In this case, the lower sieve of the smallest mesh holds a mixture containing mainly hypocotyls and a small amount of unbroken seed coat, then the middle sieve of the smaller mesh holds the cotyledon portion, Soybeans with unseparated (unbroken) hypocotyls are retained on the top sieve of the large mesh. The number of sieves is not particularly limited.
[0024]
Next, the operation will be described.
[0025]
Unswollen beans having two cotyledons, for example, purchased soybeans, are supplied from the loading device 10 to the cyclone 20 and introduced into the projection means 30 by gravity.
[0026]
The introduced soybeans are projected by the projection means 30, pass through the opening 41 of the support 40, collide with the collision surface means 50, and are impacted by the collision surface. As a result, the hypocotyl is separated from at least a part of the beans. The projection distance is preferably 20 cm or more and 80 cm or less.
[0027]
The mixture containing the beans and hypocotyl after the impact falls to the transport belt 70 via the outlet 61 arranged at the bottom of the wall 60. The recovered mixture is transported to the loading device 80 by the transport belt 70.
[0028]
The carry-in device 80 introduces the mixture into the sorting means 90. The selection means 90 sieves the mixture to obtain a mixture containing the hypocotyl as a main component. In this case, the lower sieve of the smallest mesh holds a mixture containing mainly hypocotyls and a small amount of unbroken seed coat, then the middle sieve of the smaller mesh holds the cotyledon portion, Soybeans with unseparated (unbroken) hypocotyls are retained on the top sieve of the large mesh.
[0029]
The mixture containing the selected hypocotyl as a main component (mainly containing the hypocotyl and a small amount of unbroken seed coat) contains 70 (wt%) or more hypocotyls. For example, it was possible to select a mixture containing 74 (wt%) hypocotyls. The mixture is used as a hypocotyl raw material having a high isoflavone content.
[0030]
The beans whose hypocotyls that do not pass through the sieve are not separated, that is, the soybeans that are retained (not broken) by the upper sieve are collected and reused. Therefore, it is possible to improve the yield of hypocotyls.
[0031]
As described above, in the present embodiment, a large number of hypocotyls can be rapidly and continuously separated from unswelled beans, and a hypocotyl raw material having a large isoflavone content can be produced. Therefore, no pretreatment such as swelling or heat treatment of the beans is required in advance, and the obtained hypocotyl does not need to be subjected to drying treatment. For example, it can be directly used as a food, a food additive, or a raw material for isoflavone extraction.
[0032]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining an example of the projection unit 30 shown in FIG.
[0033]
The projection means 30 has an impeller that is driven to rotate, and an opening 34 to which beans are supplied. The beans that have passed through the opening 34 are projected outward by the rotating impeller.
[0034]
The impeller has a hollow cylindrical rotating shaft 31, a blade portion 32 extending radially from the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 31, and a cylindrical basket 33 inserted into the rotating shaft 31.
[0035]
The opening 34 is arranged between the blades 32 of the rotating shaft 31. The basket 33 has one end face closed and the other end face open. An opening 35 is provided on the outer periphery of the basket 33. The basket 33 is fixedly disposed inside the rotating shaft 31.
[0036]
The soybean is supplied through the opening end of the basket 33, the opening 35 of the basket 33, and the opening 34 of the rotating shaft 31. The soybean that has passed through the opening 34 is projected toward the outside (the opening 41 of the support 40) by the rotating impeller blades 32.
[0037]
FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining a modification of the projection unit 30 shown in FIG.
[0038]
The projection means 30 according to this modification has a blower 36, a pipe means 37 connected to the blower 36, and an opening arranged in the pipe means 37 and supplied with beans.
[0039]
Therefore, the beans introduced into the pipe means 37 through the opening are entrained by the high-speed air generated by the operation of the blower 36 and are projected from the pipe means 37.
[0040]
FIGS. 4 and 5 are tables for explaining the relationship between the projection speed and the projection distance. FIG. 4 shows the case where the projection distance is 40 cm, and FIG. 5 shows the case where the projection distance is 80 cm. The measurement conditions are shown below.
[0041]
A steel plate was used as the collision surface means 50, and the steel plate was set at a distance of 40 cm and 80 cm from the opening (projection port) 41. As the projection means 30, the impeller shown in FIG. 2 was applied. The rotation speed of the impeller was adjusted by repeating the test to a value at which the hypocotyl was separated from the soybean.
[0042]
The projection speed was calculated from an image in which the projected soybean was continuously recorded by an ultra-high-speed camera using a background having a length scale. The measurement of the projection speed was performed after the rotation speed of the impeller was appropriately adjusted.
[0043]
The value obtained by dividing the projection speed (m / sec) by the projection distance (m) is 9.3 to 10.8 when the projection distance is 40 cm, and 8.5 to 9.2 when the projection distance is 80 cm. Met. Therefore, the value obtained by dividing the projection speed (m / sec) by the projection distance (m) is preferably 8 or more and 11 or less.
[0044]
Next, examples will be described. The implementation conditions are shown below.
[0045]
100 kg of commercially available (purchased) soybeans were used as unswelled beans. The weight of the hypocotyl contained in 100 kg of soybean was calculated to be 2.6 kg from the isoflavone content.
[0046]
The projection means 30 applied the impeller shown in FIG. 2 and continuously supplied soybeans. The rotation speed was 2800 rpm, and a convex collision surface means composed of a concave plate was arranged at a position 40 cm away from the opening of the impeller.
[0047]
There are three types of sieves (3 × 10 mm, 10 mesh, 12 mesh combinations) for selecting hypocotyls from the recovered mixture (including beans and hypocotyl after impact), used. The 12-mesh sieve mainly holds hypocotyls, the 10-mesh sieve mainly holds cotyledons, and the 3 × 10 mm sieve holds beans that have not been broken (hypocotyl separated). Is done.
[0048]
As a result, the weight of the mixture mainly containing hypocotyls, which was sorted by a 12-mesh sieve, was 2.32 kg. A part of this mixture was collected and the isoflavone content was measured. The weight of the hypocotyl calculated based on the isoflavone content was 1.71 kg.
[0049]
Therefore, the yield of the hypocotyl was 65.8% and the purity of the hypocotyl was 73.7%. In addition, the soybean selected by the sieve of 3x10mm was reused, and the yield of the hypocotyl was able to be improved.
[0050]
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified within the scope of the claims.
[0051]
For example, a sand blowing device for surface treatment of metal or glass can be applied as the projection means.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention can provide a method and an apparatus for rapidly and continuously separating a large amount of hypocotyls from unswelled beans and producing a hypocotyl raw material having a large isoflavone content. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining an example of a projection unit shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining a modification of the projection unit different from that of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a chart for explaining a relationship between a projection speed and a projection distance, and shows a case where the projection distance is 40 cm.
FIG. 5 is a chart for explaining a relationship between a projection speed and a projection distance, and shows a case where the projection distance is 80 cm.
[Explanation of symbols]
10,80 ... loading device,
20 ... cyclone,
30 ... projection means,
31 ... rotating shaft,
32 ... feather,
33 ... basket,
34, 35 ... openings,
36 ... Blower,
37 ... pipe means 40 ... support,
41 ... opening,
42 ... projection,
50: collision surface means
51 ... hole,
60 ... wall,
61 ... Exit,
70 ... Transport belt,
90 ... Screening means (vibrating sieve).

Claims (14)

Separating the hypocotyl from at least a portion of the beans by projecting and bombarding the unswelled beans with two cotyledons with an impact surface;
Recovering the mixture containing the beans and hypocotyl after impact,
A method for separating hypocotyls from beans, wherein the recovered mixture is sieved to obtain a mixture containing hypocotyls as a main component. The bean is a soybean, and a value obtained by dividing a projection speed (m / sec) by a projection distance (m) is 8 or more and 11 or less, wherein a hypocotyl from beans according to claim 1 is obtained. A way to separate. The method for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 2, wherein the projection distance is not less than 20 cm and not more than 80 cm. The method for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 1, wherein the collision surface is planar, wavy, or concave. The method for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 4, wherein the collision surface is concave. The mixture for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 1, wherein the mixture containing the hypocotyl as a main component obtained by sieving contains 70 (wt%) or more hypocotyls. Method. The method for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 1, wherein beans that do not pass through a sieve and whose hypocotyls are not separated are collected and reused. Projecting means for projecting unswelled beans,
Impacting means for separating the hypocotyl from at least a portion of the beans by impacting the projected beans by impact,
Recovery means for recovering the mixture comprising the beans and hypocotyls after impact;
An apparatus for separating hypocotyls from beans, comprising: a sieve; and screening means for selecting hypocotyls from the recovered mixture. The projection means has an impeller that is driven to rotate, and an opening through which the beans are supplied, and beans that have passed through the opening are projected outward by the rotating impeller. An apparatus for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 8. The projection means has a blower, a pipe means connected to the blower, and an opening arranged in the pipe means, to which the beans are supplied,
9. The beans according to claim 8, wherein beans introduced into the pipe means through the opening are entrained by high-speed air generated by the operation of the blower and are projected from the pipe means. A device for separating hypocotyls. 9. The apparatus for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 8, wherein the collision surface means is arranged at a position that limits a projection distance of the beans to 20 cm or more and 80 cm or less. 9. The apparatus for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 8, wherein a collision surface of the collision surface means against which the projected beans collide is planar, wavy or concave. The recovery means has an upright support disposed parallel to the collision surface means, and a wall disposed around the support,
The support has an opening through which the projected beans pass,
9. Apparatus for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 8, wherein the wall has a bottom provided with an outlet from which a mixture containing the beans and hypocotyl after impact is discharged. . The support has a plurality of projections, the collision surface means has a hole for fitting the projection, and by fitting the projection into the hole, the collision surface means 14. The apparatus for separating hypocotyls from beans according to claim 13, characterized in that they are supported in parallel by the support.

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