JP2004350674A - Mulch sheet recovering unit for root crop harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mulch sheet recovering unit for a root crop harvesting machine, capable of improving efficiency of the whole farm work, by conducting harvesting work and sheet recovering work at the same time, and capable of previously preventing decrease in the efficiency of the work caused by breakage of the sheet, by decreasing possibility of the breakage of the sheet when the sheet is removed. <P>SOLUTION: This mulch sheet recovering unit is equipped with a support frame part, a sensor controlling mechanism part 3, and a winding mechanism part 2, wherein the support frame part is installed in a front upper space of a harvesting machine body, supports the whole unit, and is used as a base on which each of mechanism parts is located in a specified position, the sensor controlling mechanism part 3 has a roller 31 which follows the mulch sheet being wound up and is built in the part 3 so as to be freely oscillated in the direction of travelling of the machine body and a sensor 33 which senses the oscillation of the roller, when action of winding the sheet and the travelling of the machine body are not synchronized with each other and the action of the winding consequently reaches a state of being advanced in the action, and controls drive of the winding by a signal sensed by the sensor, and the winding mechanism part 2 has a direct current motor 21 having such characteristics that a rotational frequency of the motor is decreased according to increase in loads thereon as a driving source. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a multi-sheet collecting device to be mounted on a root vegetable harvesting machine.

  The agricultural multi-sheet laid in the field is collected and discarded after harvesting for cultivation of leafy vegetables and the like. When used for cultivation of root crops, they are collected before harvesting. In order to improve the efficiency of the collection operation, a collection device using a machine has been conventionally proposed.

  Specifically, there are known ones that perform the collection work alone and ones that are attached to the harvester. In the former, a self-propelled take-up machine uses an engine as a take-up drive source, and an operator operates a continuously variable transmission to perform optimum take-up (Patent Document 1).

  Further, attachments described in Patent Literatures 2 and 3 have been proposed as instruments to be used by being mounted on a general-purpose tractor. In the device described in Patent Document 2, an attachment is mounted behind a tractor, and a take-up rotation drive is performed by an attachment drive mechanism (PTO shaft) provided in a general-purpose tractor.

  Similarly, in the device described in Patent Document 3, the motor is arranged on the side of the tractor, and a reversing motor is used as a rewind drive source. , A seat vibration mechanism is additionally provided.

  Furthermore, a device that incorporates a multi-sheet recovery device into a harvester and collects multi-sheets simultaneously with harvesting has been proposed (Patent Document 4). In this device, a multi-sheet winding mechanism is attached to an onion harvesting device to be pulled by a tractor, and the winding mechanism is interlocked with the drive of a foliage cutting means at the tip of the harvesting device, and a tractor power take-out shaft ( (PTO shaft) as a power source. In order to prevent foreign substances from getting into the sheet when winding the multi-sheet, the sheet is rolled up so that it is inclined in the horizontal axis direction, so that the foreign substances on the sheet roll out to the side in the traveling direction I have.

  Also, there has been proposed a device in which a multi-sheet removing device is attached to the harvester without collecting the multi-sheet at the same time as harvesting, and the multi-sheet is pulled off from the ridge by the harvester and left as it is on the side of the machine. (Patent Document 5).

JP-A-2002-90. JP-A-2000-184829. JP 2001-17004 A. JP-A-2000-279011. JP-A-2001-78589.

  When a large amount of earth and sand remains on the sheet when the sheet is wound and collected, or when the sheet side end is buried in the soil and held down, the sheet winding resistance may increase. If the operator performs a fine operation as described in Patent Literature 1, it is possible to appropriately take measures such as stopping the winding. However, if the sheet is collected at the same time as the harvesting operation, the user is busy with the harvesting operation and pays attention to the sheet collection. I can't turn it.

  In addition, since the driving source of the sheet collecting work basically uses the driving force of the traveling machine (tractor), it is difficult to perform detailed control. In particular, when the winding is continued without changing the winding speed even if the tension is suddenly applied to the sheet or more than a predetermined tension, the sheet is cut by the impact force of the tension change. Then, the terminal of the sheet must be connected to the winding bobbin again to restart the sheet winding and collecting operation. The interruption of the sheet cutting operation causes a great decrease in the efficiency of the harvesting operation.

  In addition, a mechanism such as the provision of a vibrating body complicates the apparatus even in removing adhering substances and foreign substances.

  Therefore, the present invention proposes a multi-sheet collecting apparatus for a root vegetable harvesting machine, which has a mechanism for removing attached parts and foreign substances with a simple mechanism, which suppresses the possibility of sheet cutting in response to load fluctuations. It is.

  A multi-sheet collecting device for a root cropping machine according to the present invention includes a support frame portion serving as a base for mounting the whole device by mounting the device on a front upper portion of the harvesting machine and arranging each mechanism in a predetermined position, and winding up. A roller attached to the multi-sheet is incorporated so as to be swingable in the body traveling direction, and the winding operation is not synchronized with the body movement, and the swing of the roller is detected when the winding operation reaches an earlier operation state. A sensor control mechanism for controlling the winding drive based on a detection signal of the sensor, and a winding mechanism using a DC motor having a characteristic of decreasing the rotation speed when the load increases as a drive source. It is characterized by becoming.

  The collecting device is connected and mounted in front of the harvesting machine, and can collect root vegetables simultaneously with collecting the multi-sheet from the ridge.Especially, when winding up the multi-sheet, soil or sand remains on the sheet, or the sheet side edge In the state where is suppressed by the soil, the winding resistance increases, but with the inherent characteristics of the electric motor (series-wound electric motor, sum-acting double-wound electric motor), the rotational speed decreases as the load torque increases, Since the sheet is wound up with a gentle and strong force, no impact is given to the sheet, troubles such as cutting of the sheet hardly occur, the winding operation can be continued, and at the same time, the harvesting operation is not hindered.

  Further, the swing roller of the sensor control mechanism detects the sheet winding state, and when the progress of the harvesting machine and the sheet winding operation are not synchronized, the swing arm having the swing roller provided by the sheet is rotated by a predetermined axis. , The sensor is detected by this sensor, and control such as stopping or decelerating the drive source (electric motor) can prevent the sheet from being torn.

  The present invention (Claim 2) is characterized in that the supporting frame portion is provided with a receiving roller which comes into contact with the front and back surfaces of the sheet during winding, and a foreign matter removing mechanism portion having a sponge body. is there.

  Therefore, at the time of winding the sheet, the sheet passes between the receiving roller and the sponge body, so that it is possible to remove the attached dirt and contaminants such as the stem portion of the crop.

  Further, the present invention (claim 3) is characterized in that each mechanism is disposed on the support frame so that the multi-sheet winding direction is substantially vertical.

  Therefore, when the multi-sheet is wound up in a nearly vertical state, it is easy to separate the adhering sheet from the ridge surface, and the adhesion of earth and sand can be reduced.

  The present invention is mounted on a root cropper, and in particular, adopts a DC motor having a characteristic that the number of rotations decreases as the load increases as a driving mechanism, and does not require a special control circuit, and the sheet winding is performed. The sheet is prevented from being torn at the time of taking-up so that a strong impact is not applied to the sheet, and a predetermined state expected to be caused by adopting the drive mechanism (the winding speed is increased with a light load, and the winding operation is performed) Is controlled when the drive source is controlled to prevent the sheet from being cut off at the time of winding and collecting, and the sheet is collected so as not to hinder the harvesting operation to be performed at the same time. .

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The collecting device A of the present invention is used by being connected to and attached to the front of a self-propelled root vegetable harvesting machine B.

  The self-propelled root vegetable harvesting machine B is mainly used as a potato harvesting machine as is well known, and is provided with a digging conveyor mechanism that is inclined so that the tip side is lowered on a body equipped with a crawler. In this conveyor mechanism, a digging conveyer provided with slats at predetermined intervals between side frames is wound, and can be folded toward the machine body together with the digging conveyer from the middle of the side frame. In addition, a ridge tracking mechanism consisting of a pair of wheels is provided at the end of the side frame, and a sorting conveyor is provided continuously with the digging conveyor, and workers who got on the machine are transported by the sorting conveyor. Is to be sorted out.

  The collecting device A is attached to the harvesting machine body B as an attachment, and includes a support frame 1, a winding mechanism 2 incorporated in the support frame 1, a sensor control mechanism 3, and a contaminant removal mechanism. It is composed of a section 4 and a guide section 5.

  The support frame 1 includes an appropriate underframe 11 and a support leg 12 that supports the underframe 11, and the support leg 12 is directly or via the attachment member 13 to the side frame a of the self-propelled root vegetable harvester B or the ridge tracking mechanism. b, the entire collection device is mounted on the self-propelled vehicle B.

  FIG. 5 shows a specific example of the mounting member 13, which includes a mounting portion 131 for the ridge tracking mechanism b and the like, a connecting rod 132 and a support leg mounting portion 133, and the mounting portion 131 has a bolt hole through which a bolt can be mounted. The mounting plate 134 is integrated with a cylindrical portion 135 through which the auxiliary connecting rod 132 is inserted, and a fixing bolt 136 is screwed into the cylindrical portion 135, and the mounting portion 131 is fixed to the ridge tracking mechanism b or the like. Further, the support leg attachment portion 133 is constituted by a U-shaped mounting portion 137 for connecting the support leg 12 and a cylindrical portion 138, a connecting rod 132 is inserted through and fixed to the cylindrical portion 138, and the support leg 12 is connected to the U-shaped mounting portion 137. Then, the support frame 1 is attached to the fuselage B.

  The winding mechanism unit 2 includes a motor 21 serving as a driving source, a winding unit 22 and a transmission mechanism 23, which are incorporated in a predetermined position of the support frame unit 1, and the motor 21 serving as a driving source is A DC motor having a predetermined output using a battery power source of an airframe, and having a predetermined characteristic that the number of rotations decreases particularly when the load increases.

  The winding unit 22 includes a central shaft 221 and a winding rod 222 arranged on the outer periphery of the central shaft 221 in parallel with the central axis, and a link connection provided with the winding rod 222 at the base and the tip of the central shaft 221. Parts 223, 224, and in particular, the front link connecting part 223 is connected via a slide ring 225 movable to the center shaft 221 so that the winding outer diameter is smaller than the winding outer diameter as a whole. It is possible to shift to the separated outside diameter.

  The winding portion 22 has a center shaft 221 provided between a fixed bearing portion of the support frame portion and a bearing portion of the opening / closing rod 14, and is driven to rotate by the electric motor 21 via the transmission mechanism 23.

  The sensor control mechanism 3 includes a swing roller 31 that contacts the multi-sheet C to be wound, a swing arm 32 having the swing roller 31, and a micro switch (operating at a swing angle of the swing arm 32). Sensor) 33.

  The swing arm 32 pivots from a predetermined position of the support frame portion 1 so as to swing in the traveling direction of the body B, and when the sheet winding angle becomes shallow (transition from the vertical direction to the inclined direction), the sensor 33 is provided so as to operate, and a spring 34 is provided for urging with an appropriate force in a direction opposite to the swing in the sensor direction.

  The contaminant removal mechanism unit 4 is interposed between the swing roller 31 and the winding unit 22, and includes a roller 41 serving as a winding guide for the sheet C and a sponge body 42 facing the roller 41. Be composed. If the sponge body 42 and the roller 41 are in a two-sided configuration with the abutting surfaces of the rollers 41 in contact with the sheet C, deposits on both the front and back surfaces of the sheet C are removed.

  The guide section 5 prevents the sheet C from interfering with the harvesting mechanism of the harvesting machine B when the sheet C is wound, and cleanly contacts the swing roller 31 with the sheet.

  The collecting device A is connected to a predetermined position (side frame a and ridge tracking mechanism b) of the self-propelled harvesting machine B, and is attached to the collecting device A of the machine B positioned at the end of the ridge. The unit C is hooked on the winding unit 22 in a predetermined winding course, and when the collecting device is operated while the body B is self-propelled, the sheet C is wound up at the tip of the digging conveyor of the body B, and the winding is performed as it is. Thus, the harvesting operation and the sheet winding operation are performed at the same time.

  In particular, when the winding resistance increases and the motor load increases due to an increase in the amount of sediment deposited on the sheet C, the number of revolutions of the motor decreases, and the winding is performed with a gentle and strong force. Further, when the winding of the sheet progresses as compared with the traveling of the self-propelled body B and the sheet C becomes taut, the sheet C pushes out the swing roller, and swings against the urging force of the spring 34. When the arm 32 is rotated, the sensor 33 operates to stop the drive source (electric motor) 21 and temporarily stop the sheet winding operation. When the swing arm 32 returns to the original state due to the clearance in the sheet C, the stopped state is canceled and the winding operation is restarted.

  Therefore, it is not necessary for the worker engaged in the harvesting operation to travel while always carefully observing the winding and collecting state, and the winding operation is automatically controlled. Since it can be suppressed, work efficiency is also greatly improved.

  When the winding and collection is completed, the opening / closing rod 14 is opened to expose the tip of the central shaft 221, and at the same time, the slide ring 225 is moved to converge the winding rod 222 in the direction of the central axis 221. The sheet C wound around 222 is taken out of the apparatus.

  In particular, in the above-described embodiment, the sheet C is wound in the backward rotation with respect to the advancing direction of the fuselage, so that the sheet C can be wound up in a substantially vertical direction. It can be rolled up, and the stem portion of the cultivated plant on the surface of the sheet can easily fall off, and the amount of soil attached to the back surface of the sheet can be reduced.

  In the case where the winding unit is rotated forward instead of backward as in the above-described embodiment, if the stripping of the sheet C is set in the vertical direction, the collection device A itself becomes forward of the body B, and the balance is deteriorated. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 6, if a torii-shaped guide portion 5a is provided so that the sheet C is properly guided to the sensor control mechanism portion 3, a forward rotation type recovery device can be realized. It is compatible with many types of self-propelled harvesters.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the self-propelled body is incorporated according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory perspective view of each mechanism. Operation | movement explanatory drawing of the sensor control mechanism part. Explanatory drawing of the winding part. Explanatory drawing of the attachment member. Explanatory perspective view (forward rotation winding) of each mechanism.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Support frame part 11 Underframe 12 Support leg 13 Mounting member 14 Opening / closing rod 2 Winding mechanism part 21 Electric motor 22 Winding part 23 Transmission mechanism 3 Sensor control mechanism part 31 Swing roller 32 Swing arm 33 Micro switch (sensor)
34 Origin 4 Contaminant removal mechanism 41 Roller 42 Sponge body 5, 5a Guide

Claims (3)

A support frame that serves as a base for mounting the whole unit by mounting it on the front upper part of the harvesting machine and arranging each mechanism at a predetermined position, and a roller attached to the winding multi-sheet can swing freely in the machine traveling direction And a sensor for sensing the swing of the roller when the winding operation reaches an earlier operation state without synchronization between the winding operation and the body movement, and winding is performed based on a detection signal of the sensor. A multi-sheet collecting apparatus for a root vegetable harvesting machine, comprising: a sensor control mechanism for controlling the driving; and a winding mechanism using a DC motor as a drive source having a characteristic that the number of rotations decreases as the load increases. . 2. The multi-sheet collecting device for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the supporting frame portion is provided with a foreign matter removing mechanism having a receiving roller and a sponge body which respectively contact the front and back surfaces of the sheet during winding. The multi-sheet collecting apparatus for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the mechanism units is disposed on the support frame so that a multi-sheet winding direction is approximately vertical.

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