JP2004344931A - Method and apparatus for forming blank for forging - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming blank for forging Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004344931A
JP2004344931A JP2003144940A JP2003144940A JP2004344931A JP 2004344931 A JP2004344931 A JP 2004344931A JP 2003144940 A JP2003144940 A JP 2003144940A JP 2003144940 A JP2003144940 A JP 2003144940A JP 2004344931 A JP2004344931 A JP 2004344931A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
work
mold
peripheral surface
outer peripheral
ironing
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JP2003144940A
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JP3839790B2 (en
Inventor
Takashi Kihara
貴司 木原
Yoichi Uehara
洋一 上原
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a squareness in the outer peripheral portion and a dimensional precision of the outer peripheral diameter of a work by applying a form-working to the forge-formed work. <P>SOLUTION: An upper die part 40 is displaced to the lower part under driving action of a driving part 14 disposed at the upper part of a body part 12, and the lower surface of the work 16 is pressed to a forming surface 58 with the upper die part 40 and also, after displacing the upper die part 40 to the upper part, the work 16 is pushed up to the upper part with a lower die part 38 under the displacing action to a push-out member 20 to the upper part and the outer peripheral surface of the work 16 is ironing-formed with an ironing part 60 projectively formed in the radius inner direction in the inner peripheral surface 56 of an outer ring 57. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鍛造成形品の精度向上、製造コストの低減および切粉の歩留まりを向上させることが可能な鍛造用素材の成形方法およびその装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、金属からなる素材に加圧力を付与することによって前記素材を所定形状に鍛造成形する鍛造用素材の成形方法が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2000−71064号公報(第5頁)
【0004】
そして、一般的に鍛造成形方法では、鍛造成形品を所望の寸法精度に確保することが困難であるため、鍛造された成形品に対して別個に機械加工を施し、所望の寸法精度となるように仕上げている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように付加的に機械加工を施して所望の寸法精度を確保する場合、機械加工によって製造工程数が増大するとともに、切削時に除去される切粉の歩留まりが悪いという問題がある。
【0006】
また、機械加工工程は、加工時間を要するので生産効率を向上させるためには、略同時に複数の鍛造成形品を加工することができるように複数の加工装置を準備しておく必要がある。しかしながら、前記加工装置は高価であるため、設備投資に関するコストが増大するという問題がある。
【0007】
本発明は、前記の問題を考慮してなされたものであり、ワークの寸法精度を向上させるとともに、機械加工工程を可及的に少なくしてコストの低減および切粉の歩留まりを向上させることが可能な鍛造用素材の成形方法およびその装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の目的を達成するために、本発明は、ワークを金型の内部に装填する工程と、
前記金型の内部に装填された前記ワークを上型部によって軸線方向に沿って下型部側へと押圧し、前記ワークの外周面における上部端面の肉を流動させて前記金型の内周面に当接させ、前記ワークにおける外径の直角度の精度出しを行うとともに、前記金型の内周面と略直交して形成される載置面に押圧して成形する工程と、
前記上型部をワークより離間させた後、前記ワークを前記下型部によって軸線方向に沿って上型部側へと押圧し、前記金型の内周面に突出したしごき部によって前記ワークの外周面を略一定直径となるようにしごき成形する工程と、
を有することを特徴とする。
【0009】
本発明によれば、金型の内部に装填されたワークを上型部によって押圧し、前記ワークの外周部位の肉を前記金型の内周面および載置面へと流動させて当接させる。そして、上型部をワークより離間させた後に下型部による押圧作用下に前記金型のしごき部によって前記ワークの外周面に対してしごき成形を行う。これにより、ワークの外周部と加工基準面となる載置面(片側端面部)の素材精度(黒皮精度)を機械加工精度と略同等の寸法精度に成形することができる。
【0010】
そのため、ワークの外周部位における直角度を向上させることができるとともに、しごき成形によってワークの外周面を所望の寸法精度とすることができるため、ワークの外周面を別個に機械加工によって加工する工程やそのための加工装置が不要となり設備コストを削減することができるとともに、製造工程を短縮化することができる。
【0011】
さらにまた、本発明は、ダイスと、
前記ダイスに対向する位置に配設される駆動部と、
前記駆動部の駆動作用下に軸線方向に沿って変位する上型部と、
前記ダイスの前記上型部に対峙する位置に配設される下型部と、
前記上型部および前記下型部の外周側に配設され、ワークが内部に装填される金型と、
前記金型内のワークの全周にわたって形成されるクリアランスを介して前記金型の内周面より半径内方向に突出し、前記ワークが載置される平面状の載置面と、
前記金型の内周面に前記ワークの外周面に対向するように半径内方向に突出して設けられるしごき部と、
を備え、
前記金型の内周面と前記載置面とが略直交するように設けられ、前記ワークの外周面と端面を前記金型に突き当てて直角度および平坦度を出す据え込み成形と、前記ワークの最終外径寸法を成形するしごき成形とを同一の金型かつ同一工程で行うことを特徴とする。
【0012】
本発明によれば、金型の内周面と略直交するように前記金型に平面状の載置面を設けるとともに、前記金型の内周面より半径内方向に突出するしごき部を設けている。そして、上型部による押圧作用下にワークの外周面を前記内周面に当接するように据え込み成形するとともに、前記ワークを載置面に当接するように据え込み成形する。その結果、金型の内周面によって成形されたワークの外周部位における直角度を向上させることができ、それに伴ってワークの外周部位の寸法精度をより一層向上させることができる。
【0013】
また、ワークを上方に変位させることにより、金型の内周面のしごき部によってワークの外周面にしごき成形が施される。従って、しごき成形によってワークの外周面が所望の寸法精度となって、ワークの外周面を機械加工によって別個に加工する工程が不要となり、加工されていない素材精度(黒皮精度)と機械加工精度とを同一の寸法精度に成形することができる。その結果、機械加工を別個に行うための加工装置が不要となることにより設備コストを削減することができるとともに、製造工程を短縮化することができる。
【0014】
さらに、前記しごき部に、前記金型の内周面と略平行に形成される平面部と、前記平面部から前記金型の内周面に向かって徐々に拡径するように形成されるテーパ部とを備えることにより、下型部によってワークが上型部側へと押圧された際、前記テーパ部によってワークの外周面が徐々に内周側へとしごき成形され、その後に平面部によってワークの外周径が略一定径となるようにしごき成形される。そのため、ワークの外周面をテーパ部によって徐々に内周側へと円滑にしごき成形することができるとともに、前記平面部によってワークの外周径を所望の寸法精度に確実に成形することができる。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る鍛造用素材の成形方法およびその装置について好適な実施の形態を挙げ、添付の図面を参照しながら以下詳細に説明する。
【0016】
図1において、参照符号10は、本発明の実施の形態に係る成形装置を示す。
【0017】
この成形装置10は、ボディ部12と、図示しない駆動源の加圧作用下に軸線方向に沿って変位する駆動部14と、鍛造成形されるワーク16(例えば、ミッションギヤ)が内部に装填される金型部18と、下型部38を上方へと押し出す押出し部材20とを備える。
【0018】
ボディ部12は、基台22の上部に一体的に連結され、その内部に下型部38が配設される基部24とからなる。
【0019】
基台22の略中央部には、軸線方向に沿って挿通孔26が形成されるとともに、前記基部24の内部には、前記挿通孔26より拡径した貫通孔28が形成されている。
【0020】
そして、前記挿通孔26には、断面略T字状からなる押出し部材20のシャフト部30が軸線方向に沿って変位自在に設けられ、前記貫通孔28の内部には、前記シャフト部30の上端部に一体的に形成されるフランジ部32が配設される。
【0021】
すなわち、図示しない駆動源による駆動作用下に前記押出し部材20のシャフト部30が軸線方向に沿って上方へと押圧され、それに伴ってフランジ部32が貫通孔28の内部を上方へと変位可能である。なお、前記フランジ部32の外周径は、前記貫通孔28の内周径と略同等に形成されている。
【0022】
駆動部14は、図示しない駆動源と連結される円盤状のプレート部材34と、前記プレート部材34の外周面に一体的に配設され、その内部に上型部40を保持する保持部材36とからなる。すなわち、図示しない駆動源の駆動作用下にプレート部材34と保持部材36とが軸線方向に沿って一体的に変位する。
【0023】
金型部18は、押出し部材20のフランジ部32の上面に載置され、基部24の内部に配設される下型部38と、駆動部14の保持部材36の内部に下方に向かって突出するように係合される上型部40と、基部24の上部に一体的に係合されるアウターリング(金型)57とからなる。
【0024】
下型部38は、基部24およびアウターリング57における貫通孔28の略中央部に設けられる第1下型42と、前記第1下型42の外周側に隣接するように設けられる第2下型44とからなる。第1下型42および第2下型44の下面には、押出し部材20のフランジ部32が当接している。また、第1下型42および第2下型44が前記押出し部材20の変位作用下に軸線方向に沿って変位可能である。
【0025】
第1下型42は略円柱状に形成され、その上面の略中央部には、上方へと所定長だけ突出するようにガイド部46が形成されている。前記ガイド部46は、前記第1下型42より縮径した円柱状に形成され、アウターリング57の内部にワーク16が装填された際、前記ワーク16の略中央部に形成される孔部48がガイド部46に挿通される。なお、前記ガイド部46の直径は、ワーク16の孔部48の内周径と略同等、もしくは若干小さく形成される。
【0026】
すなわち、ワーク16の略中央部に形成された孔部48をガイド部46に挿通することにより、アウターリング57の内部における前記ワーク16の半径方向の位置決めを行うことができる。その結果、ワーク16の外周面とアウターリング57の内周面56との間に画成されるクリアランス66が、全周にわたって略均等となる。
【0027】
第2下型44は略円筒状に形成され、その内周面が第1下型42の外周面に当接するとともに、その外周面が貫通孔28の内周面に沿って摺動自在に設けられている。
【0028】
また、第1下型42および第2下型44の上面は、その上部に載置されるワーク16の下面の凹凸形状に対応する形状に形成されている。
【0029】
上型部40は、その上面がプレート部材34に当接するように設けられ、内周側に設けられる第1上型50と、前記第1上型50の外周側に隣接するように設けられ、駆動部14の保持部材36によって外周側が一体的に係合される第2上型52とからなる。
【0030】
第1上型50は略円柱状に形成され、その外周側が第2上型52に一体的に係合されている。
【0031】
第2上型52は、前記第1上型50より半径外方向に拡径した略円柱状に形成され、その内周面が第1上型50の外周面と係合するとともに、第2上型52の外周面が保持部材36によって係合されている。すなわち、プレート部材34の下面に当接するように配設された第1上型50および第2上型52が一体的に係合され、かつ第2上型52の外周側が保持部材36によって係合されているため、プレート部材34および保持部材36の変位作用下に第1上型50および第2上型52が一体的に軸線方向に沿って変位する。
【0032】
また、第1上型50および第2上型52の下面は、図示しない駆動源の駆動作用下に当接するワーク16の上面の凹凸形状に対応する形状に形成されている。
【0033】
アウターリング57の下方には、その内周側に所定長だけ突出した突出部54が形成され、前記突出部54の内周径は、前記基部24の内周径と略同等となるように形成される。前記アウターリング57の突出部54および基部24の内周面には、前記下型部38が当接するように配設されている。すなわち、下型部38が軸線方向に沿って変位する際、前記下型部38が、アウターリング57の突出部54および基部24の内周面によってガイドされている。
【0034】
一方、前記突出部54の上面には、アウターリング57の内周面56に対して略直交する平面状の成形面(載置面)58が形成されている。
【0035】
さらに、アウターリング57の内周面56には、半径内方向に所定長だけ突出したしごき部60が周方向に沿って環状に形成されている。
【0036】
しごき部60は、アウターリング57の内周面56と略平行な平面状に形成されるとともに、軸線方向に沿った上下方向には、それぞれ前記しごき部60の端部からアウターリング57の内周面56に向かって徐々に拡径するテーパ部64a、64b(図2参照)が形成されている。
【0037】
なお、前記しごき部60の内周径は、前記ワーク16の外周径より若干大きくなるように形成されているため、ワーク16をアウターリング57の内部に装填する際に前記しごき部60によってワーク16の装填が妨げられることがない。
【0038】
また、前記しごき部60の内周径は、成形装置10によって成形された際のワーク16の所望の外周径と同一径となるように形成されている。
【0039】
一方、ワーク16がアウターリング57の内部に装填された状態において、前記アウターリング57の内周面56と前記ワーク16の外周面とが、所定間隔離間するように配設され、前記内周面56と前記ワーク16の外周面との間にクリアランス66(図2参照)が画成されている。
【0040】
さらに、ワーク16がアウターリング57の内部に装填され、かつワーク16の下面が成形面58に当接した状態において、しごき部60は、前記ワーク16の上面が下側のテーパ面と軸線方向に所定間隔離間する位置に形成されている。換言すると、しごき部60は、ワーク16をアウターリング57の内部に装填した際にワーク16と接触しない位置に設けられる。
【0041】
本発明に係る鍛造用素材の成形方法に適用される成形装置10は、基本的には以上のように構成されるものであり、次にその動作並びに作用効果について説明する。なお、駆動部14の駆動作用下に上型部40が上方へと変位した状態を初期位置として説明する。
【0042】
先ず、図2に示されるように、初期位置において鍛造成形品であるワーク16をアウターリング57の内部に装填する。その際、ワーク16の孔部48をガイド部46に挿通させるとともに、前記ワーク16が第1下型42および第2下型44の上面に載置された状態とする。
【0043】
そして、図示しない電源から電流を供給することによって駆動部14が軸線方向に沿って下方へと変位し、図3に示されるように、第1上型50および第2上型52の下面がワーク16の上面に当接する。
【0044】
次に、駆動部14がさらに下方へと変位することにより、第1上型50および第2上型52の下部がワーク16の内部に押し込まれ、前記ワーク16の外周側の肉がアウターリング57の内周面56とワーク16の外周面との間に画成されるクリアランス66(図2参照)へと流動する。そのため、前記クリアランス66が、前記ワーク16の流動した肉によって満たされた状態となる(図3参照)。
【0045】
また、第1上型50および第2上型52による押圧作用下にワーク16における外周側の下面が成形面58に対して押圧される。その結果、ワーク16の下面が成形面58によって平面状に成形される。ここで、予めアウターリング57の内周面56と、アウターリング57の突出部54における成形面58とが略直交するように形成されているため、前記アウターリング57の内周面56に当接するように流動して拡径したワーク16の外周面と、成形面58によって成形されたワーク16の下面とが直角(90°)となる。
【0046】
換言すると、アウターリング57における内周面56と突出部54における成形面58との略直交状態を予め精度よく形成することにより、成形されるワーク16の外周面と下面との直角度を簡便にかつ確実に向上させることができる。
【0047】
次に、図4に示されるように、図示しない駆動源による駆動作用下に駆動部14を上方に変位させ、一体的に上型部40を上方へと変位させる。前記上型部40を上方へと離間させた後、図示しない駆動源による駆動作用下に押出し部材20(図1参照)を軸線方向に沿って上方へと変位させる。
【0048】
そして、前記押出し部材20の変位作用下に下型部38が上方へと押し出され、その上面に載置されたワーク16を上方へと押し上げる。その際、第2下型44は、基部24およびアウターリング57の突出部54の内周面に沿って摺動する。
【0049】
さらに、ワーク16が上方へと変位することにより、しごき部60の下方側のテーパ部64bによってワーク16の外周面が徐々に内周側へとしごかれ、さらに上方へと変位することによりワーク16の外周面がしごき部60によって略平行な状態となるようにしごかれる。その際、前記しごき部60の内周径は、ワーク16における所望の外周径と同一径に形成されているため、しごき部60によってしごき成形されたワーク16の外周径は、所望の寸法精度が確保された状態となる。
【0050】
また、前記しごき部60は、アウターリング57の内周面56と略平行となるように形成されるとともに、前記内周面56が突出部54の成形面58と略直交するように形成されているため、しごき成形されたワーク16の外周面と、成形面58によって成形されたワーク16の下面からなる直角度をより一層向上させることができる。
【0051】
最後に、図示しない駆動源の駆動作用下に押出し部材20がさらに上方へと変位し、それに伴ってワーク16が上方へと変位することにより前記ワーク16の外周面がしごき部60に対して上方へと離間する(図5参照)。
【0052】
その結果、しごき部60によって成形されたワーク16の外周面は、所望の寸法精度(ワーク16の外周面の真円度)が得られる。
【0053】
そして、ワーク16が押出し部材20によって上方へと押し上げられているため、所望の製品形状に成形されたワーク16をアウターリング57の内部より容易に取り出すことができる。
【0054】
以上のように、本実施の形態では、アウターリング57における突出部54の上面に平面状かつアウターリング57の内周面56と略直交する成形面58を設け、上型部40による押圧作用下にワーク16の外周部位を前記内周面56に当接するように成形するとともに、前記ワーク16の下面を成形面58に当接するように成形する。その結果、アウターリング57の内周面56によって成形されたワーク16の外周面に対するワーク16の下面の直角度を向上させることができ、ワーク16の外周部位における寸法精度をより一層向上させることができる。
【0055】
また、アウターリング57の内周面56に半径内方向に所定長だけ突出したしごき部60を設け、押出し部材20による下型部38の上方への変位作用下にワーク16の外周面に対してしごき成形を行っている。その結果、鍛造成形されたワーク16の外周面に対して機械加工を施すことなく、しごき成形によって所望の寸法精度を確保することができる。そのため、ワーク16を鍛造成形した後に外周面に対し別個に機械加工を行うことやそのための加工装置が不要となることにより、設備コストを削減することができるとともに、製造工程を短縮化することができる。
【0056】
さらに、ワーク16に対する外周面と下面との直角度の向上と、ワーク16における外周径の精度向上とを同一工程内で行うことができるため、前記ワーク16の製造工程を短縮化することができる。
【0057】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、以下の効果が得られる。
【0058】
すなわち、上型部による押圧作用下にワークの外周部位を金型の内周面に当接するように据え込み成形するとともに、前記ワークを金型の載置面に当接するように据え込み成形することにより、金型の内周面によって成形されたワークの外周部位における直角度をより一層向上させることができる。
【0059】
また、ワークの外周面をしごき部によってしごき成形することにより、ワークの外周径を所望の寸法精度とすることができ、機械加工によって別個に外周面を加工する工程やそのための加工装置が不要となるため設備コストを削減することができるとともに、製造工程を短縮化することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態に係る鍛造用素材の成形装置の一部省略縦断面図である。
【図2】上型部が上方へと離間し、ワークがアウターリングの内部に装填された状態を示す部分拡大縦断面図である。
【図3】上型部が下方へと変位し、前記上型部によってワークが加圧された状態を示す動作の一部省略拡大縦断面図である。
【図4】ワークが下型部によって上方へと押し上げられ、ワークの外周面がしごき部によってしごき成形された状態を示す動作の一部省略拡大縦断面図である。
【図5】ワークが上方へと押し上げられ、アウターリングの内部より取り出された状態を示す動作の一部省略拡大縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
10…成形装置 12…ボディ部
14…駆動部 16…ワーク
18…金型部 20…押出し部材
32…フランジ部 36…保持部材
38…下型部 40…上型部
42…第1下型 44…第2下型
46…ガイド部 48…孔部
50…第1上型 52…第2上型
54…突出部 57…アウターリング
58…成形面 60…しごき部
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a forging material capable of improving the accuracy of a forged product, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving the yield of chips.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a method of forming a forging material in which a material made of metal is forged into a predetermined shape by applying a pressing force to the material (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2000-71064 (page 5)
[0004]
In general, in the forging method, it is difficult to secure a forged molded product to a desired dimensional accuracy. Therefore, the forged molded product is separately machined to have a desired dimensional accuracy. Finished.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to secure desired dimensional accuracy by additionally performing machining as described above, there is a problem that the number of manufacturing steps is increased by machining and the yield of chips removed during cutting is poor.
[0006]
In addition, since the machining process requires a processing time, in order to improve production efficiency, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of processing devices so that a plurality of forged products can be processed substantially simultaneously. However, since the processing apparatus is expensive, there is a problem in that costs related to capital investment increase.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described problems, and improves the dimensional accuracy of a workpiece, and reduces the number of machining steps as much as possible to reduce costs and improve the yield of chips. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for forming a forging material that can be used.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a step of loading a workpiece inside a mold,
The work loaded in the mold is pressed toward the lower mold side along the axial direction by the upper mold part, and the meat on the upper end surface on the outer peripheral surface of the work is caused to flow to the inner periphery of the mold. Abutting the surface, and performing the accuracy of the perpendicularity of the outer diameter of the workpiece, and pressing and molding the mounting surface formed substantially perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the mold,
After separating the upper mold part from the work, the work is pressed toward the upper mold part side along the axial direction by the lower mold part, and the work piece is pressed by the ironing part protruding from the inner peripheral surface of the mold. Ironing the outer peripheral surface to have a substantially constant diameter,
It is characterized by having.
[0009]
According to the present invention, the work loaded in the mold is pressed by the upper mold portion, and the flesh of the outer peripheral portion of the work is caused to flow and contact the inner peripheral surface and the mounting surface of the mold. . Then, after the upper mold part is separated from the work, ironing is performed on the outer peripheral surface of the work by the ironing part of the mold under the pressing action of the lower mold part. This makes it possible to form the material accuracy (black scale accuracy) of the outer peripheral portion of the work and the mounting surface (one side end surface portion) serving as the processing reference surface to a dimensional accuracy substantially equal to the mechanical processing accuracy.
[0010]
Therefore, the perpendicularity of the outer peripheral portion of the work can be improved, and the outer peripheral surface of the work can be made to have a desired dimensional accuracy by ironing. A processing device for that purpose is not required, and equipment costs can be reduced, and the manufacturing process can be shortened.
[0011]
Still further, the invention provides a die and
A drive unit disposed at a position facing the die,
An upper die portion displaced along the axial direction under the driving action of the driving portion,
A lower mold portion disposed at a position facing the upper mold portion of the die,
A mold disposed on the outer peripheral side of the upper mold portion and the lower mold portion, and a workpiece is loaded therein;
A flat mounting surface that projects radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the mold through a clearance formed over the entire circumference of the work in the mold, and on which the work is mounted,
An ironing portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the mold so as to protrude in a radially inward direction so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the work,
With
Upset forming in which the inner peripheral surface of the mold and the mounting surface described above are provided so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other, and the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the work are abutted against the mold to obtain a squareness and flatness; Ironing for forming the final outer diameter of the work is performed in the same mold and in the same process.
[0012]
According to the present invention, a flat mounting surface is provided on the mold so as to be substantially orthogonal to the inner peripheral surface of the mold, and an ironing portion projecting radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the mold is provided. ing. Then, under the pressing action of the upper mold portion, the outer peripheral surface of the work is upset-formed so as to abut against the inner peripheral surface, and the work is upset-formed so as to come into contact with the mounting surface. As a result, the perpendicularity of the outer peripheral portion of the work formed by the inner peripheral surface of the mold can be improved, and accordingly, the dimensional accuracy of the outer peripheral portion of the work can be further improved.
[0013]
Also, by displacing the work upward, the outer peripheral surface of the work is subjected to iron forming by the ironing portion of the inner peripheral surface of the mold. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the work has a desired dimensional accuracy by ironing, and a step of separately processing the outer peripheral surface of the work by machining is not required, and the unprocessed material accuracy (black scale accuracy) and the machining accuracy are eliminated. Can be formed with the same dimensional accuracy. As a result, a machining device for separately performing the machining is not required, so that the equipment cost can be reduced and the manufacturing process can be shortened.
[0014]
Further, a flat portion formed substantially parallel to the inner peripheral surface of the mold, and a taper formed so as to gradually increase in diameter from the flat surface portion toward the inner peripheral surface of the mold, on the ironing portion. When the work is pressed to the upper mold part side by the lower mold part, the outer peripheral surface of the work is gradually ironed toward the inner peripheral side by the tapered part, and then the work part is formed by the flat part. Is formed by ironing so that the outer diameter becomes substantially constant. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the work can be gradually and smoothly formed to the inner peripheral side by the tapered portion, and the outer peripheral diameter of the work can be reliably formed to the desired dimensional accuracy by the flat surface portion.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a method and an apparatus for forming a forging material according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0016]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates a molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017]
The forming apparatus 10 has a body portion 12, a driving portion 14 that is displaced along an axial direction under a pressing action of a driving source (not shown), and a work 16 (for example, a transmission gear) to be forged and formed. And a pushing member 20 for pushing the lower mold portion 38 upward.
[0018]
The body portion 12 is integrally connected to an upper portion of the base 22 and includes a base 24 in which a lower mold portion 38 is disposed.
[0019]
An insertion hole 26 is formed substantially in the center of the base 22 along the axial direction, and a through hole 28 having a diameter larger than that of the insertion hole 26 is formed inside the base 24.
[0020]
A shaft portion 30 of the extruding member 20 having a substantially T-shaped cross section is provided in the insertion hole 26 so as to be displaceable along the axial direction, and an upper end of the shaft portion 30 is provided inside the through hole 28. A flange portion 32 formed integrally with the portion is provided.
[0021]
That is, the shaft portion 30 of the pushing member 20 is pressed upward along the axial direction under the driving action of a driving source (not shown), and the flange portion 32 can be displaced upward inside the through hole 28 accordingly. is there. The outer diameter of the flange 32 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the through hole 28.
[0022]
The drive unit 14 includes a disk-shaped plate member 34 connected to a drive source (not shown), a holding member 36 provided integrally with the outer peripheral surface of the plate member 34 and holding the upper mold portion 40 therein. Consists of That is, the plate member 34 and the holding member 36 are integrally displaced along the axial direction under the driving action of a driving source (not shown).
[0023]
The mold portion 18 is placed on the upper surface of the flange portion 32 of the pushing member 20 and projects downward into the lower mold portion 38 disposed inside the base portion 24 and the holding member 36 of the driving portion 14. And an outer ring (mold) 57 integrally engaged with the upper portion of the base 24.
[0024]
The lower mold part 38 includes a first lower mold 42 provided substantially at the center of the through hole 28 in the base 24 and the outer ring 57, and a second lower mold provided to be adjacent to the outer peripheral side of the first lower mold 42. 44. The lower surface of the first lower mold 42 and the lower surface of the second lower mold 44 are in contact with the flange 32 of the pushing member 20. Further, the first lower mold 42 and the second lower mold 44 can be displaced along the axial direction under the displacing action of the pushing member 20.
[0025]
The first lower die 42 is formed in a substantially columnar shape, and a guide portion 46 is formed at a substantially central portion of an upper surface thereof so as to protrude upward by a predetermined length. The guide portion 46 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter smaller than that of the first lower die 42, and a hole 48 formed at a substantially central portion of the work 16 when the work 16 is loaded inside the outer ring 57. Is inserted through the guide portion 46. The diameter of the guide 46 is substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the hole 48 of the work 16.
[0026]
That is, by inserting the hole 48 formed in the substantially central part of the work 16 into the guide part 46, the work 16 can be positioned in the outer ring 57 in the radial direction. As a result, the clearance 66 defined between the outer peripheral surface of the work 16 and the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57 becomes substantially uniform over the entire circumference.
[0027]
The second lower mold 44 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and its inner peripheral surface is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the first lower die 42, and its outer peripheral surface is slidably provided along the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 28. Have been.
[0028]
The upper surfaces of the first lower mold 42 and the second lower mold 44 are formed in a shape corresponding to the uneven shape of the lower surface of the work 16 placed thereon.
[0029]
The upper mold part 40 is provided so that the upper surface thereof is in contact with the plate member 34, and is provided so as to be adjacent to the first upper mold 50 provided on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the first upper mold 50. The second upper die 52 is integrally engaged on the outer peripheral side by the holding member 36 of the drive unit 14.
[0030]
The first upper mold 50 is formed in a substantially columnar shape, and its outer peripheral side is integrally engaged with the second upper mold 52.
[0031]
The second upper mold 52 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape whose diameter is increased in a radially outward direction from the first upper mold 50, and its inner peripheral surface is engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the first upper mold 50, and The outer peripheral surface of the mold 52 is engaged by the holding member 36. That is, the first upper die 50 and the second upper die 52 disposed so as to contact the lower surface of the plate member 34 are integrally engaged, and the outer peripheral side of the second upper die 52 is engaged by the holding member 36. Therefore, the first upper die 50 and the second upper die 52 are integrally displaced along the axial direction under the displacing action of the plate member 34 and the holding member 36.
[0032]
The lower surfaces of the first upper die 50 and the second upper die 52 are formed in a shape corresponding to the uneven shape of the upper surface of the work 16 which comes into contact with a driving force of a driving source (not shown).
[0033]
A projection 54 is formed below the outer ring 57 on the inner peripheral side thereof so as to protrude by a predetermined length. The inner diameter of the projection 54 is formed to be substantially equal to the inner diameter of the base 24. Is done. The lower mold portion 38 is disposed on the inner peripheral surfaces of the projecting portion 54 of the outer ring 57 and the base portion 24 so as to abut. That is, when the lower mold portion 38 is displaced along the axial direction, the lower mold portion 38 is guided by the protrusion 54 of the outer ring 57 and the inner peripheral surface of the base 24.
[0034]
On the other hand, a flat molding surface (mounting surface) 58 that is substantially perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57 is formed on the upper surface of the protrusion 54.
[0035]
Further, on the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57, an ironing portion 60 protruding by a predetermined length in a radially inward direction is formed in an annular shape along the circumferential direction.
[0036]
The ironing portion 60 is formed in a planar shape substantially parallel to the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57, and extends in the vertical direction along the axial direction from the end of the ironing portion 60 to the inner periphery of the outer ring 57. Tapered portions 64a and 64b (see FIG. 2) whose diameter gradually increases toward the surface 56 are formed.
[0037]
The inner diameter of the ironing portion 60 is formed so as to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the work 16, so that when the work 16 is loaded into the outer ring 57, Loading is not hindered.
[0038]
The inner diameter of the ironing portion 60 is formed to be the same as the desired outer diameter of the work 16 when formed by the forming apparatus 10.
[0039]
On the other hand, when the work 16 is loaded inside the outer ring 57, the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57 and the outer peripheral surface of the work 16 are disposed so as to be separated from each other by a predetermined distance. A clearance 66 (see FIG. 2) is defined between 56 and the outer peripheral surface of the work 16.
[0040]
Further, in a state where the work 16 is loaded inside the outer ring 57 and the lower surface of the work 16 is in contact with the molding surface 58, the ironing portion 60 is configured such that the upper surface of the work 16 is axially aligned with the lower tapered surface. It is formed at a position separated by a predetermined distance. In other words, the ironing portion 60 is provided at a position where the ironing portion 60 does not come into contact with the work 16 when the work 16 is loaded inside the outer ring 57.
[0041]
The molding apparatus 10 applied to the method for molding a forging material according to the present invention is basically configured as described above. Next, the operation and the operation and effect thereof will be described. Note that a state in which the upper mold section 40 is displaced upward under the driving action of the driving section 14 will be described as an initial position.
[0042]
First, as shown in FIG. 2, the work 16 which is a forged product is loaded into the outer ring 57 at the initial position. At this time, the hole portion 48 of the work 16 is inserted into the guide portion 46, and the work 16 is placed on the upper surfaces of the first lower mold 42 and the second lower mold 44.
[0043]
Then, when a current is supplied from a power supply (not shown), the driving unit 14 is displaced downward along the axial direction, and the lower surfaces of the first upper die 50 and the second upper die 52 16 is in contact with the upper surface.
[0044]
Next, when the driving unit 14 is further displaced downward, the lower portions of the first upper mold 50 and the second upper mold 52 are pushed into the inside of the work 16, and the outer peripheral side of the work 16 is filled with the outer ring 57. Flows into the clearance 66 (see FIG. 2) defined between the inner peripheral surface 56 of the workpiece 16 and the outer peripheral surface of the work 16. Therefore, the clearance 66 is filled with the flowing meat of the work 16 (see FIG. 3).
[0045]
Further, the lower surface on the outer peripheral side of the work 16 is pressed against the forming surface 58 under the pressing action of the first upper die 50 and the second upper die 52. As a result, the lower surface of the work 16 is formed into a planar shape by the forming surface 58. Here, since the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57 and the forming surface 58 of the projecting portion 54 of the outer ring 57 are formed so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other, the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57. The outer peripheral surface of the work 16 which has flowed and expanded as described above, and the lower surface of the work 16 formed by the forming surface 58 form a right angle (90 °).
[0046]
In other words, by forming a substantially orthogonal state between the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57 and the molding surface 58 of the protruding portion 54 with high precision in advance, the perpendicularity between the outer peripheral surface and the lower surface of the work 16 to be molded can be easily determined. And it can improve reliably.
[0047]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the driving unit 14 is displaced upward under the driving action of a driving source (not shown), and the upper mold unit 40 is displaced upward integrally. After the upper mold part 40 is separated upward, the pushing member 20 (see FIG. 1) is displaced upward along the axial direction under the driving action of a driving source (not shown).
[0048]
Then, the lower mold portion 38 is pushed upward by the displacement action of the pushing member 20, and pushes up the work 16 placed on the upper surface thereof. At that time, the second lower mold 44 slides along the inner peripheral surfaces of the base portion 24 and the projecting portion 54 of the outer ring 57.
[0049]
Further, when the work 16 is displaced upward, the outer peripheral surface of the work 16 is gradually squeezed toward the inner peripheral side by the tapered portion 64b on the lower side of the squeezed portion 60, and further displaced upward, whereby the work 16 is displaced upward. The ironing portion 60 is ironed so that the outer peripheral surface thereof is in a substantially parallel state. At this time, since the inner diameter of the ironing portion 60 is formed to be the same as the desired outer diameter of the work 16, the outer diameter of the work 16 ironed by the ironing portion 60 has a desired dimensional accuracy. It will be in the secured state.
[0050]
The ironing portion 60 is formed so as to be substantially parallel to the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57, and is formed such that the inner peripheral surface 56 is substantially perpendicular to the molding surface 58 of the projection 54. Therefore, the perpendicularity between the outer peripheral surface of the ironed work 16 and the lower surface of the work 16 formed by the forming surface 58 can be further improved.
[0051]
Finally, the pushing member 20 is further displaced upward under the driving action of a drive source (not shown), and the work 16 is accordingly displaced upward, so that the outer peripheral surface of the work 16 is raised with respect to the ironing portion 60. (See FIG. 5).
[0052]
As a result, a desired dimensional accuracy (roundness of the outer peripheral surface of the work 16) is obtained on the outer peripheral surface of the work 16 formed by the ironing portion 60.
[0053]
Since the work 16 is pushed upward by the pushing member 20, the work 16 formed into a desired product shape can be easily taken out of the outer ring 57.
[0054]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the upper surface of the projecting portion 54 of the outer ring 57 is provided with the molding surface 58 that is planar and substantially perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57, The outer peripheral portion of the work 16 is formed so as to contact the inner peripheral surface 56, and the lower surface of the work 16 is formed so as to contact the forming surface 58. As a result, the perpendicularity of the lower surface of the work 16 to the outer peripheral surface of the work 16 formed by the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57 can be improved, and the dimensional accuracy at the outer peripheral portion of the work 16 can be further improved. it can.
[0055]
Further, an ironing portion 60 is provided on the inner peripheral surface 56 of the outer ring 57 so as to protrude by a predetermined length in a radially inward direction. Ironing is being performed. As a result, desired dimensional accuracy can be ensured by ironing without performing machining on the outer peripheral surface of the forged work 16. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately machine the outer peripheral surface after forging the work 16 or to use a processing device for the same, thereby reducing equipment costs and shortening the manufacturing process. it can.
[0056]
Furthermore, the improvement of the perpendicularity between the outer peripheral surface and the lower surface with respect to the work 16 and the improvement of the accuracy of the outer peripheral diameter of the work 16 can be performed in the same process, so that the manufacturing process of the work 16 can be shortened. .
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0058]
That is, under the pressing action of the upper mold portion, the outer peripheral portion of the work is upset-formed so as to contact the inner peripheral surface of the mold, and the work is upset-formed so as to contact the mounting surface of the mold. Thereby, the perpendicularity at the outer peripheral portion of the work formed by the inner peripheral surface of the mold can be further improved.
[0059]
In addition, by forming the outer peripheral surface of the work by ironing with an ironing portion, the outer peripheral diameter of the work can be set to a desired dimensional accuracy, so that there is no need for a step of separately processing the outer peripheral surface by machining or a processing device therefor. Therefore, equipment costs can be reduced, and the manufacturing process can be shortened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view of a forging material forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which an upper mold part is separated upward and a work is loaded inside an outer ring.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view partially showing an operation of a state in which an upper mold portion is displaced downward and a work is pressed by the upper mold portion.
FIG. 4 is a partially omitted enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an operation in which a work is pushed up by a lower mold portion and an outer peripheral surface of the work is ironed by an ironing portion;
FIG. 5 is a partially omitted enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an operation showing a state where the work is pushed up and taken out of the outer ring.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Molding apparatus 12 ... Body part 14 ... Drive part 16 ... Work piece 18 ... Mold part 20 ... Extrusion member 32 ... Flange part 36 ... Holding member 38 ... Lower mold part 40 ... Upper mold part 42 ... First lower mold 44 ... Second lower mold 46 Guide part 48 Hole 50 First upper mold 52 Second upper mold 54 Projecting part 57 Outer ring 58 Molding surface 60 Ironing part

Claims (3)

ワークを金型の内部に装填する工程と、
前記金型の内部に装填された前記ワークを上型部によって軸線方向に沿って下型部側へと押圧し、前記ワークの外周面における上部端面の肉を流動させて前記金型の内周面に当接させ、前記ワークにおける外径の直角度の精度出しを行うとともに、前記金型の内周面と略直交して形成される載置面に押圧して成形する工程と、
前記上型部をワークより離間させた後、前記ワークを前記下型部によって軸線方向に沿って上型部側へと押圧し、前記金型の内周面に突出したしごき部によって前記ワークの外周面を略一定直径となるようにしごき成形する工程と、
を有することを特徴とする鍛造用素材の成形方法。
Loading the work into the mold,
The work loaded in the mold is pressed toward the lower mold side along the axial direction by the upper mold part, and the meat on the upper end surface on the outer peripheral surface of the work is caused to flow to the inner periphery of the mold. Abutting the surface, and performing the accuracy of the perpendicularity of the outer diameter of the workpiece, and pressing and molding the mounting surface formed substantially perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the mold,
After separating the upper mold part from the work, the work is pressed toward the upper mold part side along the axial direction by the lower mold part, and the work piece is pressed by the ironing part protruding from the inner peripheral surface of the mold. Ironing the outer peripheral surface to have a substantially constant diameter,
A method for forming a forging material, comprising:
ダイスと、
前記ダイスに対向する位置に配設される駆動部と、
前記駆動部の駆動作用下に軸線方向に沿って変位する上型部と、
前記ダイスの前記上型部に対峙する位置に配設される下型部と、
前記上型部および前記下型部の外周側に配設され、ワークが内部に装填される金型と、
前記金型内のワークの全周にわたって形成されるクリアランスを介して前記金型の内周面より半径内方向に突出し、前記ワークが載置される平面状の載置面と、
前記金型の内周面に前記ワークの外周面に対向するように半径内方向に突出して設けられるしごき部と、
を備え、
前記金型の内周面と前記載置面とが略直交するように設けられ、前記ワークの外周面と端面を前記金型に突き当てて直角度および平坦度を出す据え込み成形と、前記ワークの最終外径寸法を成形するしごき成形とを同一の金型かつ同一工程で行うことを特徴とする鍛造用素材の成形装置。
Dice and
A drive unit disposed at a position facing the die,
An upper die portion displaced along the axial direction under the driving action of the driving portion,
A lower mold portion disposed at a position facing the upper mold portion of the die,
A mold disposed on the outer peripheral side of the upper mold portion and the lower mold portion, and a workpiece is loaded therein;
A flat mounting surface that projects radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the mold through a clearance formed over the entire circumference of the work in the mold, and on which the work is mounted,
An ironing portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the mold so as to protrude in a radially inward direction so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the work,
With
Upset forming in which the inner peripheral surface of the mold and the mounting surface described above are provided so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other, and the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the work are abutted against the mold to obtain a squareness and flatness; An apparatus for forming a forging material, wherein ironing for forming a final outer diameter of a work is performed in the same mold and in the same process.
請求項2記載の鍛造用素材の成形装置において、
前記しごき部は、前記金型の内周面と略平行に形成される平面部と、
前記平面部から前記金型の内周面に向かって徐々に拡径するように形成されるテーパ部と、
からなることを特徴とする鍛造用素材の成形装置。
An apparatus for forming a forging material according to claim 2,
The ironing portion, a flat portion formed substantially parallel to the inner peripheral surface of the mold,
A tapered portion formed so as to gradually increase in diameter from the flat portion toward the inner peripheral surface of the mold;
An apparatus for forming a forging material, comprising:
JP2003144940A 2003-05-22 2003-05-22 Method and apparatus for forming forging material Expired - Fee Related JP3839790B2 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8013273B2 (en) 2005-01-28 2011-09-06 Hanmi Semiconductor, Inc. Method for manufacturing absorption pad
US8037731B2 (en) 2006-10-04 2011-10-18 Denso Corporation Forging method and forging apparatus
CN106077382A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-09 山东建筑大学 A kind of high intensity 20CrMoNi duplex spur gear precise forming process and mould

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102375151B1 (en) * 2017-11-29 2022-03-16 현대자동차주식회사 Compacting apparatus of helical gear

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8013273B2 (en) 2005-01-28 2011-09-06 Hanmi Semiconductor, Inc. Method for manufacturing absorption pad
US8037731B2 (en) 2006-10-04 2011-10-18 Denso Corporation Forging method and forging apparatus
DE102007047136B4 (en) * 2006-10-04 2016-12-22 Denso Corporation forging process
CN106077382A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-09 山东建筑大学 A kind of high intensity 20CrMoNi duplex spur gear precise forming process and mould

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