JP2004344923A - Mandrel bar for hot rolling of seamless pipe - Google Patents

Mandrel bar for hot rolling of seamless pipe Download PDF

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JP2004344923A
JP2004344923A JP2003144360A JP2003144360A JP2004344923A JP 2004344923 A JP2004344923 A JP 2004344923A JP 2003144360 A JP2003144360 A JP 2003144360A JP 2003144360 A JP2003144360 A JP 2003144360A JP 2004344923 A JP2004344923 A JP 2004344923A
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scale
mandrel bar
rolling
thickness
layer
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JP4314884B2 (en
Inventor
Yasuyoshi Hidaka
康善 日高
Sumio Iida
純生 飯田
Toshiro Anraku
敏朗 安楽
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mandrel bar which can exert excellent seizuring resistance and service lifetime even when 13 % Cr stainless steel or the like is rolled. <P>SOLUTION: The mandrel bar for hot rolling of a seamless pipe is characterized in that a scale layer with a thickness of 6-20 μm is formed on the surface of the mandrel bar having an arithmetical mean roughness Ra of ≤ 20 μm. Further, it is desirable to make the surface roughness 2-12 μm by Ra or 2-6 μm by Ra. It is desirable that the scale layer is constituted of an external layer scale consisting mainly of Fe oxides and an internal layer scale consisting mainly of spinel oxides of Fe and Cr as a scale structure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱間継目無管の製造工程におけるマンドレルミル圧延用の優れた耐焼き付き性と耐用寿命を有するマンドレルバーに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
小径および中径の熱間継目無管の製造方法として、マンドレルミル圧延による製管方法が用いられている。
【0003】
この製管方法では、加熱した中実ビレットを穿孔圧延機で穿孔して中空素管とし、得られた中空素管の内面に圧延工具であるマンドレルバーを挿入した後、対向孔型ロールで構成されたスタンドを複数連設したマンドレルミルに通し、中空素管の肉厚を減じて所定寸法の継目無管に圧延する。この圧延後、挿入されたマンドレルバーは継目無管から引き抜かれ、再使用される。
【0004】
上述のマンドレルミル圧延に際して、マンドレルバーの摩耗および肌荒れ等に起因する工具疵が製品に発生するのを防止するため、中空素管に挿入する前のマンドレルバーの表面に固体潤滑剤を主成分とする潤滑被膜を予め形成する。これによって、圧延時およびマンドレルバー引抜き時に発生する管内面とマンドレルバー表面との摩擦力を減じ、工具疵が製品内表面に発生するのを防止する。
【0005】
通常、継目無管のマンドレルミル圧延において、素管内面と接触するマンドレルバー表面は、極めて厳しいすべり摩擦状態にあるため、摩耗、焼き付き、肌荒れ、ヒートクラック等の欠陥がマンドレルバー表面に発生する。このため、マンドレルバーの表面状態が劣化した場合には、オフラインにて表面の手入れを施さなければならない。特に、ステンレス鋼を圧延する場合には手入れ頻度が高くなるので、生産性向上のために、手入れ頻度を低減させマンドレルバーの耐用寿命を向上させる必要がある。
【0006】
マンドレルバーの表面状態が劣化するのを防止し、その耐用寿命の延長を図るために、従来から種々のマンドレルバーの材質改善方法やその表面の処理方法が提案されている。
【0007】
マンドレルバー表面の熱疲労亀裂を低減する方法として、5%Cr系のマンドレルバーにNbを適当量添加し組織制御を行う方法(特許文献1)や、Cu、Al、Zn金属またそれらの合金の低融点金属をマンドレルバー表層部に溶融拡散させる方法(特許文献2)が開示されている。しかし、これらで開示される方法を適用するには、新規のマンドレルバーを製作する必要があり、現在すでに実操業に使用されているマンドレルバーへの適用はできない。
【0008】
特許文献3では、マンドレルバー表面を円周方向に研磨した後、軸方向に表面粗さ(Ra)が4.0〜12.0μmなるよう仕上げ研磨を施すマンドレルバーの表面処理方法が提案されている。しかし、発明者らの確認によれば、この表面処理方法では表面粗さが大きすぎるため表面凸部の面圧が高くなり、これを起点として焼付きが発生することがある。また、特許文献4では、円周方向の表面粗さが中心線平均粗さ(Ra)で1.0〜4.0μmである熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーを提案しているが、潤滑剤の保持力が弱いため圧延時の摩擦抵抗が高くなり、圧延条件の厳しいステンレス鋼の製管では、その効果が認められない。
【0009】
さらに、特許文献5では、熱処理前にショットブラストを実施して焼き入れおよび焼戻しを行うマンドレルバー表面の調整方法が開示されているが、焼き入れ時のスケールが厚いため、スケール剥離が生じ易い。また、特許文献6には、マンドレルバー表面に錆を付与した後、さらに耐焼き付き用のスケールを生成させる方法が開示されているが、錆とスケールの相乗効果により、スケール厚さがときによっては100μm以上と極めて厚くなる。このため、熱延条件の緩い炭素鋼圧延では効果が認められるが、ステンレス鋼に対してはその効果が認められない。
【0010】
上述した従来技術では、ある程度の耐焼き付き性の効果を認めることができるが、いずれの技術も大幅な耐用寿命の向上を達成するまでに至っておらず、特に圧延条件の厳しいステンレス鋼の製管ではその効果は殆ど認められない。
【0011】
【特許文献1】
特開平6−57380号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平6−339709号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平4−284905号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平8−164404号公報
【特許文献5】
特開昭63−20105号公報
【特許文献6】
特開平11−226614号公報
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、油井用や化学工業用として13%Cr鋼等からなるのステンレス鋼管の需要が高まり、これらを効率的に製造するため、マンドレルミル圧延での製管が増加している。しかし、13%Cr鋼等のステンレス鋼の変形抵抗は、炭素鋼などに比べて高いため、13%Cr鋼等の管を圧延する場合に、マンドレルバーの表面温度は炭素鋼管を圧延する場合のそれに比べて極めて高くなり、焼き付きの発生が顕著になる。
【0013】
前述の通り、マンドレルバーの表面劣化を防止し、その耐用寿命の延長を図るため提案された従来技術では、圧延条件の厳しいステンレス鋼の製管時には効果が殆ど発揮されていない。
【0014】
本発明は、このような従来技術の問題点を解決すべくなされたものであり、13%Cr鋼等の圧延条件の厳しいステンレス鋼をマンドレルミル圧延する場合であっても、優れた耐焼き付き性と耐用寿命を発揮することができる熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーを提供することを目的としている。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を達成するため、実操業におけるマンドレルバーを詳細に観察するとともに、マンドレルバーの耐用寿命を向上させるための種々検討を行った結果、以下(a)〜(c)の知見を得た。
(a)マンドレルバーの損傷原因の主なものは焼付きであり、焼付きは摩擦抵抗が高い時に生じ易い。
(b)表面に厚さを制御したスケール層を付与することで、マンドレルバーの耐焼き付き性を向上させることができる。
(c)マンドレルバーの表面加工として、研磨後にショットブラスト等によって適度な表面荒れ付与した後、適切なスケールを生成させることにより、マンドレルバーの耐用寿命を延長させることができる。
【0016】
本発明は、上記の知見に基づいて完成されたものであり、下記(1)〜(4)の熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーを要旨としている。
(1)中心線平均粗さRaが20μm以下であるマンドレルバー表面に厚さが6〜20μmのスケール層を形成したことを特徴とする熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーである。
(2)中心線平均粗さRaが2〜12μmであるマンドレルバー表面に厚さが6〜20μmのスケール層を形成したことを特徴とする熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーである。
(3)中心線平均粗さRaが2〜6μmであるマンドレルバー表面に厚さが6〜20μmのスケール層を形成したことを特徴とする熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーである。
(4)上記(1)〜(3)の熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーは、 前記スケール層がFe酸化物を主体とする外層スケールとFeとCrのスピネル酸化物を主体とする内層スケールとで構成するのが望ましい。
【0017】
本発明において「外層スケールがFe酸化物を主体とし、内層スケールがFeとCrのスピネル酸化物を主体とする」とは、X線回折およびEPMAで同定した場合に、外層スケールがFeとFeとの合計の体積割合が60%以上であり、内層スケールがFeCrとFeとの合計の体積割合が60%以上であることをいう。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーは、中心線平均粗さRaが20μm以下であるマンドレルバー表面に厚さが6〜20μmのスケール層を形成したことを特徴としている。以下に、このように限定した理由を説明する。
【0019】
図1は、13%Cr鋼の圧延試験において、耐焼き付き性に及ぼす工具表面のスケール厚さの影響を調査した結果である。工具の材質として、JIS−SKD6の熱間工具鋼を用い、この工具の表面を研磨(Raは2μm未満)した後、種々の厚さでスケールを形成したものを予め準備した。
【0020】
この圧延試験では、窒素雰囲気中で1200℃に加熱した2枚の13%Cr鋼の板状試験片の間に、常温の前記工具を挟み込み、50%の圧下率で圧延を実施した。このときの工具に焼き付きが発生した圧延パス数を測定した。
【0021】
図1に示すように、所定の耐焼き付き性を発揮するには、例えば、焼き付きが発生する圧延パス数を3以上にしようとすれば、マンドレルバー表面に形成するスケール厚さは6〜20μmにする必要がある。さらに、焼き付きが発生する圧延パス数を5以上にしようとすれば、形成するスケール厚さは8〜14μmにするのが望ましい。
【0022】
スケール厚さが6μm未満であると、摩擦に耐えられず1パス目で焼き付きを発生する。一方、スケール厚さが20μmを超えると、スケール層中で割れが発生し、それを起点として2パス目には焼き付きが発生する。
【0023】
ここで、前記工具表面に形成されたスケール構造を調査した。スケール厚さが6μm以上のスケール構造は、Feの酸化物を主体とする外層スケールと、FeとCrのスピネル酸化物を主体とする内層スケールとからなり、これらがほぼ1:1の厚さであった。
【0024】
一方、スケール厚さが6μm未満のスケール構造は、Crが主体であり、その他にFeCrが微量検出された程度で、外層と内層からなる多層構造は確認できなかった。また、このスケールは、熱間圧延時に部分的に剥離し易く、剥離した部分の工具表面は異常酸化を発生する。
【0025】
図2は、13%Cr鋼の圧延試験において、耐焼き付き性に及ぼす工具表面の粗さの影響を調査した結果である。前記図1に示す圧延試験と同様に、工具の材質としてJIS−SKD6を用い、この工具にスケールを形成する前に、条件を変化させたショットブラストを行うとともにグラインダーを用いて、中心線平均粗さRaが最大30μmの範囲で変動するように表面粗さを調整した。その後、スケール厚さが1〜6μm、8〜12μmおよび25μm以上の3条件でスケールを形成した。
【0026】
前記の圧延試験と同様に、窒素雰囲気中で1200℃に加熱した2枚の13%Cr鋼の板状試験片の間に、常温の前記工具を挟み込み、50%の圧下率で圧延を実施した。このときの工具に焼き付きが発生した圧延パス数を測定した。
【0027】
図2の結果が示すように、スケール厚さが8〜12μmである場合には、前記図1に示すスケール処理前の研磨ままに比べ、スケール処理前のショット処理等によって表面粗さをRaで20μm以下にすることによって耐焼き付き性が向上している。
【0028】
さらに耐焼き付き性を向上させるには、スケール処理前の表面粗さをRaで2〜12μmの範囲にするのが望ましく、最も望ましいのはRaで2〜6μmの範囲にする場合である。
【0029】
図2に示すように、耐焼き付き性に及ぼすマンドレルバーの表面粗さRaには適正範囲がある。表面粗さRaが適正範囲であると、スケール/母材の界面は両者が入り組んだ構造であるため、スケールの密着性が良くなり、スケール層の最表面でもマンドレルバーの表面粗さに沿って凹凸が形成され、潤滑剤の保持性が良くなり摩擦抵抗を下げることができる。
【0030】
一方、マンドレルバーの表面粗さが大きくなると、スケール層表面の凸部を起点として焼き付きが生じ、表面粗さが小さすぎると、潤滑剤の保持性が低下し摩擦抵抗が大きくなる。
【0031】
本発明の熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーでは、その表面粗さを適正範囲にするとともに、その後のスケール処理でマンドレルバー表面に厚さが6〜20μmのスケール層を形成する必要がある。スケール厚さが20μmを超えると、スケール厚さが厚くなるにしたがってスケール層の最表面が平滑化し、潤滑剤を保持するのに有効な凹部が小さくなり摩擦抵抗が上昇すると同時に、スケール割れや剥離部が起点で焼き付きが発生する。
【0032】
これに対し、スケール厚さが6μm未満になると、前記図1に示すように、摩耗に耐えられず圧延1パスで焼き付きを発生する。
【0033】
研磨、ショットブラストでマンドレルバーの表面粗さを調整した後、上記のスケールを得るための処理条件は、600〜650℃に20〜40分保持するのが有効である。加熱雰囲気は酸化性雰囲気であり、大気雰囲気、調整雰囲気であってもよい。スケール厚さは、加熱温度および保持時間によって調整できる。
【0034】
【実施例】
本発明の熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーの効果を、具体的な実施例に基づいて説明する。
【0035】
材質としてJIS−SKD6を用い、外径が300mm、長さが24mのマンドレルバーを準備した。下記の表1に示す条件で表面加工を行いマンドレルバーの表面粗さRaを変化させた後、種々の条件でスケールを形成した。このように製作したマンドレルバーを用いて、13%Cr鋼管をマンドレルミル圧延した。
【0036】
【表1】

Figure 2004344923
【0037】
各マンドレルバーを用いた圧延において1圧延ごと、すなわち1本の製管ごとにマンドレルバー表面の観察を行ない、焼き付きや表面亀裂などの表面損傷がマンドレルバー表面に発生するまでに圧延できた素管本数を測定した。そして、下記式から従来のマンドレルバーの寿命と対比した寿命評価指数を算出した。従来のマンドレルバーの寿命は、機械研磨後スケールを形成することなく熱処理したマンドレルバーを用いて圧延できた素管本数で示す。
【0038】
寿命評価指数=(圧延できた素管本数)/(従来のマンドレルバーで圧延できた素管本数)×100
スケール形成後にマンドレルバー表面に形成されたスケール構造および組成をX線回折およびEPMAにより観察したが、それらは次のスケール構造A、Bに区分された。
【0039】
スケール構造Aでは、外層スケールと内層スケールの2層構造であり、外層スケールが主としてFeとFeであり、内層スケールがFeCrとFeであった。すなわち、Feの酸化物を主体とする外層スケールと、FeとCrのスピネル酸化物を主体とする内層スケールで構成されていた。
【0040】
一方、スケール構造Bでは、CrおよびFeCrまたはFeをX線回析により検出できる程度であり、外層スケールと内層スケールを明確に区別できなかった。
【0041】
表2に、各条件におけるマンドレルバー表面状態(表面粗さ、スケール厚さ)、スケール構造および寿命評価指数を示した。
【0042】
【表2】
Figure 2004344923
【0043】
表2に示すように、スケール形成処理条件によってマンドレルバー表面に形成されるスケール厚さは変化する。スケール形成処理としては、600〜640℃で20〜40分の保持時間を確保するのが有効であることが分かる。
【0044】
スケール形成処理に用いた加熱炉はLNG焚きであり、雰囲気は数%のO、10%程度のCOおよび20%に近いHOを含むものであった。
【0045】
マンドレルバー表面粗さがRa20μm以下でスケール厚さが6〜20μmの範囲になる発明例(No.3、4、9〜12、14〜21)は、比較例に比べ耐用寿命が延長している。また、発明例のスケールはいずれも構造Aであった。
【0046】
発明例のうちマンドレルバーの表面加工が研磨、ショット▲3▼および▲4▼では、マンドレルバー表面粗さがRa2μm未満、またはRa12μmを超えて変動したため、寿命評価指数は155〜165に留まっている。
【0047】
マンドレルバーの表面加工としてショット▲1▼を実施したのち620℃で酸化時間を変化させたNo.8〜13において、スケール厚さは保持時間とともに増加し、厚さが6〜20μmと適正範囲になると、寿命評価指数は200を超えるようになり、スケール厚さが8〜14μmとなるNo.10、11では、いずれも250超と耐用寿命の著しい延長が見られる。
【0048】
一方、マンドレルバーの表面加工としてショット▲2▼を実施したのち、620℃×20〜40分のスケール形成処理でスケール厚さを8〜14μmとしたNo.16、17では、寿命評価指数は200程度となる。
【0049】
表2に示す結果から、マンドレルバー表面粗さの条件は、Raが2〜6μmの範囲(No.10、11)が最も耐用寿命に優れ、次いでRaで6〜12μmの範囲(No.16、17)であることが分かる。Raで2μm以下、またはおよび12μm以上(No.18〜21)では耐用寿命は劣るが、従来のマンドレルバー(No.7)に比べ寿命が延長されている。
【0050】
【発明の効果】
本発明の熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバーによれば、13%Cr鋼等の圧延条件の厳しいステンレス鋼をマンドレルミル圧延する場合であっても、優れた耐焼き付き性と耐用寿命を発揮することができる。
【0051】
したがって、このマンドレルバーを採用する熱間継目無管の圧延では、13%Cr鋼等の難加工材であっても低廉な製造コストで、かつ効率的に製造でき、工業的に顕著な効果をもたらす。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】13%Cr鋼の圧延試験において、耐焼き付き性に及ぼす工具表面のスケール厚さの影響を調査した結果である。
【図2】13%Cr鋼の圧延試験において、耐焼き付き性に及ぼす工具表面の粗さの影響を調査した結果である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mandrel bar having excellent seizure resistance and service life for mandrel mill rolling in the process of manufacturing a hot seamless tube.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a method for producing a small-diameter and a medium-diameter hot seamless tube, a tube production method by mandrel mill rolling is used.
[0003]
In this pipe making method, a heated solid billet is pierced by a piercing mill to form a hollow shell, and a mandrel bar, which is a rolling tool, is inserted into the inner surface of the obtained hollow shell, and then configured with an opposed-hole type roll. The obtained stand is passed through a plurality of mandrel mills connected in series, and the thickness of the hollow shell is reduced to roll it into a seamless pipe having a predetermined size. After this rolling, the inserted mandrel bar is pulled out of the seamless tube and reused.
[0004]
During the above-mentioned mandrel mill rolling, a solid lubricant is mainly used on the surface of the mandrel bar before being inserted into the hollow shell to prevent tool flaws caused by wear and roughening of the mandrel bar from occurring on the product. A lubricating film to be formed is formed in advance. Thereby, the frictional force between the inner surface of the tube and the surface of the mandrel bar generated at the time of rolling and pulling out the mandrel bar is reduced, and the occurrence of tool flaws on the inner surface of the product is prevented.
[0005]
Normally, in a seamless tube mandrel mill rolling, since the surface of the mandrel bar that comes into contact with the inner surface of the raw tube is in extremely severe sliding friction, defects such as wear, seizure, rough skin, and heat cracks occur on the surface of the mandrel bar. Therefore, when the surface condition of the mandrel bar deteriorates, the surface must be cleaned off-line. Particularly, when rolling stainless steel, the frequency of care is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the frequency of care and improve the service life of the mandrel bar in order to improve productivity.
[0006]
In order to prevent the surface condition of the mandrel bar from deteriorating and extend its useful life, various methods of improving the material of the mandrel bar and treating the surface thereof have been proposed.
[0007]
As a method for reducing thermal fatigue cracks on the surface of the mandrel bar, a method of adding an appropriate amount of Nb to a 5% Cr-based mandrel bar to control the structure (Patent Document 1), a method of using Cu, Al, Zn metal, or an alloy thereof A method of melting and diffusing a low melting point metal into the surface layer of a mandrel bar (Patent Document 2) is disclosed. However, in order to apply the method disclosed in these, a new mandrel bar must be manufactured, and it cannot be applied to a mandrel bar that is already used in actual operation.
[0008]
Patent Literature 3 proposes a surface treatment method for a mandrel bar in which the surface of the mandrel bar is polished in the circumferential direction, and then the surface is subjected to finish polishing so that the surface roughness (Ra) becomes 4.0 to 12.0 μm. I have. However, according to the confirmation by the inventors, this surface treatment method has an excessively large surface roughness, so that the surface pressure of the surface convex portion is increased, and seizure may occur from this as a starting point. Patent Document 4 proposes a mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling in which the surface roughness in the circumferential direction is 1.0 to 4.0 μm in center line average roughness (Ra). Since the holding power of the agent is weak, the frictional resistance at the time of rolling increases, and the effect is not recognized in a stainless steel pipe made under severe rolling conditions.
[0009]
Further, Patent Document 5 discloses a method for adjusting the surface of a mandrel bar in which quenching and tempering are performed by performing shot blasting before heat treatment. However, since the scale at the time of quenching is thick, scale peeling easily occurs. Patent Literature 6 discloses a method in which rust is applied to the surface of a mandrel bar and then a scale for seizure resistance is further generated. However, due to the synergistic effect of rust and scale, the scale thickness may sometimes be reduced. The thickness becomes extremely large as 100 μm or more. For this reason, although the effect is recognized in the rolling of carbon steel under mild rolling conditions, the effect is not recognized for stainless steel.
[0010]
In the prior art described above, a certain degree of seizure resistance effect can be recognized, but none of the technologies has achieved a significant improvement in service life, especially in stainless steel pipes with severe rolling conditions. The effect is hardly recognized.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-57380 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-339709 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-4-284905 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-8-164404 [Patent Document 5]
JP-A-63-20105 [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-11-226614
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, demand for stainless steel pipes made of 13% Cr steel or the like for oil wells and chemical industries has been increasing, and in order to efficiently produce these, pipes manufactured by mandrel mill rolling are increasing. However, since the deformation resistance of stainless steel such as 13% Cr steel is higher than that of carbon steel or the like, when rolling a tube of 13% Cr steel or the like, the surface temperature of the mandrel bar is lower than that in the case of rolling a carbon steel tube. On the other hand, the temperature becomes extremely high, and the occurrence of image sticking becomes remarkable.
[0013]
As described above, the conventional technology proposed to prevent the surface deterioration of the mandrel bar and extend its useful life has little effect when producing stainless steel tubes under severe rolling conditions.
[0014]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems of the prior art, and has excellent seizure resistance even when a stainless steel such as 13% Cr steel, which is subjected to severe rolling conditions, is subjected to mandrel mill rolling. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling capable of exhibiting a long service life.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have observed the mandrel bar in actual operation in detail and made various studies to improve the useful life of the mandrel bar. As a result, the following (a) to (c) ) Was obtained.
(A) The main cause of damage to the mandrel bar is seizure, and seizure is likely to occur when friction resistance is high.
(B) By providing a scale layer with a controlled thickness on the surface, the seizure resistance of the mandrel bar can be improved.
(C) As the surface processing of the mandrel bar, after providing appropriate surface roughness by shot blasting or the like after polishing, by generating an appropriate scale, the service life of the mandrel bar can be extended.
[0016]
The present invention has been completed based on the above findings, and has a gist of a mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling of the following (1) to (4).
(1) A mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling, wherein a scale layer having a thickness of 6 to 20 µm is formed on the surface of a mandrel bar having a center line average roughness Ra of 20 µm or less.
(2) A mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling, wherein a scale layer having a thickness of 6 to 20 μm is formed on the surface of the mandrel bar having a center line average roughness Ra of 2 to 12 μm.
(3) A mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling, wherein a scale layer having a thickness of 6 to 20 μm is formed on the surface of a mandrel bar having a center line average roughness Ra of 2 to 6 μm.
(4) The mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling of (1) to (3) above, wherein the scale layer is an outer layer scale mainly composed of Fe oxide and an inner layer scale mainly composed of Fe and Cr spinel oxide. It is desirable to configure with the following.
[0017]
In the present invention, "the outer layer scale mainly of Fe oxide, the inner layer scale mainly of spinel oxides of Fe and Cr" and, when identified by X-ray diffraction and EPMA, the outer layer scale Fe 2 0 3 the total volume ratio of the Fe 3 0 4 and is 60% or more, the total volume ratio of the inner layer scale and FeCr 2 0 4 and Fe 3 0 4 refers to less than 60%.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling of the present invention is characterized in that a scale layer having a thickness of 6 to 20 μm is formed on the surface of a mandrel bar having a center line average roughness Ra of 20 μm or less. Hereinafter, the reason for such limitation will be described.
[0019]
FIG. 1 shows the results of an investigation on the effect of the scale thickness of the tool surface on seizure resistance in a rolling test of 13% Cr steel. JIS-SKD6 hot tool steel was used as the material of the tool, and the surface of this tool was polished (Ra was less than 2 μm), and scales having various thicknesses were prepared in advance.
[0020]
In this rolling test, the tool at normal temperature was sandwiched between two 13% Cr steel plate specimens heated to 1200 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere, and rolling was performed at a rolling reduction of 50%. At this time, the number of rolling passes at which seizure occurred on the tool was measured.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, in order to exhibit a predetermined seizure resistance, for example, if the number of rolling passes at which seizure occurs is to be 3 or more, the scale thickness formed on the surface of the mandrel bar is 6 to 20 μm. There is a need to. Furthermore, if the number of rolling passes at which seizure occurs is to be 5 or more, the thickness of the scale to be formed is desirably 8 to 14 μm.
[0022]
If the scale thickness is less than 6 μm, it cannot withstand friction and burns in the first pass. On the other hand, when the scale thickness exceeds 20 μm, cracks occur in the scale layer, and burning occurs in the second pass starting from the cracks.
[0023]
Here, the scale structure formed on the tool surface was investigated. The scale structure having a scale thickness of 6 μm or more is composed of an outer layer scale mainly composed of an oxide of Fe and an inner layer scale mainly composed of a spinel oxide of Fe and Cr, and these have a thickness of about 1: 1. there were.
[0024]
On the other hand, the scale structure having a scale thickness of less than 6 μm was mainly composed of Cr 2 O 3 and only a small amount of FeCr 2 O 4 was detected, and a multilayer structure composed of an outer layer and an inner layer could not be confirmed. Further, this scale is easily peeled partially during hot rolling, and abnormal tool oxidation occurs on the tool surface at the peeled portion.
[0025]
FIG. 2 shows the results of an examination of the effect of tool surface roughness on seizure resistance in a rolling test of 13% Cr steel. As in the rolling test shown in FIG. 1, JIS-SKD6 was used as the material of the tool, and before forming the scale on the tool, shot blasting was performed under different conditions, and the center line average roughness was changed using a grinder. The surface roughness was adjusted so that the maximum Ra varied within a range of 30 μm. Thereafter, a scale was formed under three conditions of a scale thickness of 1 to 6 μm, 8 to 12 μm, and 25 μm or more.
[0026]
Similarly to the above-mentioned rolling test, the tool at normal temperature was sandwiched between two 13% Cr steel plate specimens heated to 1200 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere, and rolling was performed at a rolling reduction of 50%. . At this time, the number of rolling passes at which seizure occurred on the tool was measured.
[0027]
As shown in the results of FIG. 2, when the scale thickness is 8 to 12 μm, the surface roughness Ra is determined by a shot process or the like before the scale processing as compared with the polished state before the scale processing shown in FIG. 1. The seizure resistance is improved by setting the thickness to 20 μm or less.
[0028]
In order to further improve the seizure resistance, the surface roughness before the scale treatment is desirably in the range of 2 to 12 μm in Ra, and most desirably in the range of 2 to 6 μm in Ra.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 2, there is an appropriate range for the surface roughness Ra of the mandrel bar that affects the seizure resistance. When the surface roughness Ra is in an appropriate range, the scale / base material interface has a complicated structure, so that the adhesion of the scale is improved, and even at the outermost surface of the scale layer, the surface roughness along the surface roughness of the mandrel bar is maintained. Irregularities are formed, the retention of the lubricant is improved, and the frictional resistance can be reduced.
[0030]
On the other hand, if the surface roughness of the mandrel bar is large, seizure occurs starting from the projections on the surface of the scale layer, and if the surface roughness is too small, the retention of the lubricant is reduced and the frictional resistance is increased.
[0031]
In the mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling of the present invention, it is necessary to control the surface roughness within an appropriate range and to form a scale layer having a thickness of 6 to 20 μm on the surface of the mandrel bar by a subsequent scale treatment. When the scale thickness exceeds 20 μm, as the scale thickness increases, the outermost surface of the scale layer becomes smoother, the recesses effective for retaining the lubricant become smaller and the frictional resistance increases, and at the same time, the scale cracks or peels off. Burn-in occurs from the part as a starting point.
[0032]
On the other hand, if the scale thickness is less than 6 μm, as shown in FIG. 1 described above, it cannot withstand abrasion and seizure occurs in one pass of rolling.
[0033]
After adjusting the surface roughness of the mandrel bar by polishing and shot blasting, it is effective to maintain the above-mentioned scale at 600 to 650 ° C. for 20 to 40 minutes. The heating atmosphere is an oxidizing atmosphere, and may be an air atmosphere or an adjusted atmosphere. The scale thickness can be adjusted by the heating temperature and the holding time.
[0034]
【Example】
The effects of the mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling of the present invention will be described based on specific examples.
[0035]
Using JIS-SKD6 as the material, a mandrel bar having an outer diameter of 300 mm and a length of 24 m was prepared. After performing surface processing under the conditions shown in Table 1 below to change the surface roughness Ra of the mandrel bar, scales were formed under various conditions. Using the mandrel bar manufactured in this manner, a 13% Cr steel pipe was subjected to mandrel mill rolling.
[0036]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004344923
[0037]
In rolling using each mandrel bar, the surface of the mandrel bar was observed for each rolling, that is, for each tube, and the tube was rolled before surface damage such as seizure or surface cracks occurred on the mandrel bar surface. The number was measured. Then, a life evaluation index was calculated from the following equation in comparison with the life of the conventional mandrel bar. The life of a conventional mandrel bar is indicated by the number of raw tubes that can be rolled using a mandrel bar heat-treated without forming scale after mechanical polishing.
[0038]
Life evaluation index = (number of rolled tubes) / (number of rolled tubes with conventional mandrel bar) × 100
The scale structure and composition formed on the mandrel bar surface after scale formation were observed by X-ray diffraction and EPMA, and they were classified into the following scale structures A and B.
[0039]
In scale structure A, a two-layer structure of the outer layer scale and inner layer scale, the outer scale layer is predominantly Fe 2 0 3 and Fe 3 0 4, the inner layer scale was FeCr 2 0 4 and Fe 3 0 4. That is, it was composed of an outer layer scale mainly composed of an oxide of Fe and an inner layer scale mainly composed of a spinel oxide of Fe and Cr.
[0040]
On the other hand, the scale structure B, and the degree to which the Cr 2 0 3 and FeCr 2 0 4 or Fe 3 0 4 can be detected by X-ray diffraction, could not clearly distinguish the outer layer scale and inner layer scale.
[0041]
Table 2 shows the mandrel bar surface state (surface roughness, scale thickness), scale structure, and life evaluation index under each condition.
[0042]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004344923
[0043]
As shown in Table 2, the scale thickness formed on the mandrel bar surface changes depending on the scale forming processing conditions. It can be seen that it is effective to secure a holding time of 20 to 40 minutes at 600 to 640 ° C. as the scale forming process.
[0044]
The heating furnace used for the scale formation process was LNG-fired, and the atmosphere contained several percent of O 2 , approximately 10% of CO 2, and nearly 20% of H 2 O.
[0045]
Inventive examples (Nos. 3, 4, 9 to 12, and 14 to 21) in which the mandrel bar surface roughness Ra is 20 μm or less and the scale thickness is in the range of 6 to 20 μm have a longer service life than the comparative examples. . In addition, the scales of the invention examples all had structure A.
[0046]
In the invention examples, the surface processing of the mandrel bar was polished, and in shots (3) and (4), the life evaluation index remained at 155 to 165 because the surface roughness of the mandrel bar varied less than Ra2 μm or exceeded Ra12 μm. .
[0047]
After performing shot {circle around (1)} as the surface processing of the mandrel bar, the oxidation time was changed at 620 ° C. In Nos. 8 to 13, the scale thickness increased with the holding time, and when the thickness was in the appropriate range of 6 to 20 µm, the life evaluation index exceeded 200 and the scale thickness became 8 to 14 µm. 10 and 11, both have a remarkably prolonged service life of more than 250.
[0048]
On the other hand, after performing shot (2) as the surface processing of the mandrel bar, the scale thickness was set to 8 to 14 μm by the scale forming process at 620 ° C. × 20 to 40 minutes. For 16 and 17, the life evaluation index is about 200.
[0049]
From the results shown in Table 2, the condition of the surface roughness of the mandrel bar is most excellent when Ra is in the range of 2 to 6 μm (Nos. 10 and 11), and then in the range of 6 to 12 μm in Ra (No. 16 and No. 16). 17). When the Ra is 2 μm or less or 12 μm or more (Nos. 18 to 21), the service life is inferior, but the service life is extended as compared with the conventional mandrel bar (No. 7).
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling of this invention, even when stainless steel with severe rolling conditions, such as 13% Cr steel, is rolled by mandrel mill, it exhibits excellent seizure resistance and service life. be able to.
[0051]
Therefore, in the rolling of a seamless pipe using the mandrel bar, even a difficult-to-work material such as 13% Cr steel can be efficiently produced at low production cost and has a remarkable industrial effect. Bring.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows the results of an investigation on the effect of the scale thickness of the tool surface on seizure resistance in a rolling test of a 13% Cr steel.
FIG. 2 shows the results of an examination of the effect of tool surface roughness on seizure resistance in a 13% Cr steel rolling test.

Claims (4)

中心線平均粗さRaが20μm以下であるマンドレルバー表面に厚さが6〜20μmのスケール層を形成したことを特徴とする熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバー。A mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling, wherein a scale layer having a thickness of 6 to 20 [mu] m is formed on a surface of the mandrel bar having a center line average roughness Ra of 20 [mu] m or less. 中心線平均粗さRaが2〜12μmであるマンドレルバー表面に厚さが6〜20μmのスケール層を形成したことを特徴とする熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバー。A mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling, wherein a scale layer having a thickness of 6 to 20 μm is formed on a surface of the mandrel bar having a center line average roughness Ra of 2 to 12 μm. 中心線平均粗さRaが2〜6μmであるマンドレルバー表面に厚さが6〜20μmのスケール層を形成したことを特徴とする熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバー。A mandrel bar for hot seamless tube rolling, wherein a scale layer having a thickness of 6 to 20 μm is formed on a surface of the mandrel bar having a center line average roughness Ra of 2 to 6 μm. 前記スケール層がFe酸化物を主体とする外層スケールとFeとCrのスピネル酸化物を主体とする内層スケールとで構成されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の熱間継目無管圧延用マンドレルバー。The hot scale according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the scale layer is composed of an outer layer scale mainly composed of Fe oxide and an inner layer scale mainly composed of spinel oxide of Fe and Cr. Mandrel bar for seamless tube rolling.
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EP2008731A1 (en) * 2006-03-28 2008-12-31 Sumitomo Metal Industries Limited Mandrel bar for rolling of high alloy, method for surface treatment of the mandrel bar, method for manufacture of the mandrel bar, and method for operation of seamless steel pipe production apparatus
JP2009045632A (en) * 2007-08-14 2009-03-05 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Mandrel bar for hot seamless tube and method of treating its surface
EP2198984A1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2010-06-23 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Piercing plug, method for regenerating piercing plug, and regeneration facility line for piercing plug
WO2011099304A1 (en) 2010-02-15 2011-08-18 住友金属工業株式会社 Lubricant for hot-rolling tools, and method for surface treatment of mandrel bar for use in producing seamless pipe by hot rolling
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2008731A1 (en) * 2006-03-28 2008-12-31 Sumitomo Metal Industries Limited Mandrel bar for rolling of high alloy, method for surface treatment of the mandrel bar, method for manufacture of the mandrel bar, and method for operation of seamless steel pipe production apparatus
US8065901B2 (en) * 2006-03-28 2011-11-29 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Mandrel bar for high-alloy rolling, method for surface treating a mandrel bar, method for producing mandrel bar, and method for operating seamless pipe mill
EP2008731A4 (en) * 2006-03-28 2012-10-03 Sumitomo Metal Ind Mandrel bar for rolling of high alloy, method for surface treatment of the mandrel bar, method for manufacture of the mandrel bar, and method for operation of seamless steel pipe production apparatus
JP2009045632A (en) * 2007-08-14 2009-03-05 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Mandrel bar for hot seamless tube and method of treating its surface
EP2198984A1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2010-06-23 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Piercing plug, method for regenerating piercing plug, and regeneration facility line for piercing plug
EP2198984B1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2016-12-14 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Piercing plug, method for regenerating piercing plug, and regeneration facility line for piercing plug
WO2011099304A1 (en) 2010-02-15 2011-08-18 住友金属工業株式会社 Lubricant for hot-rolling tools, and method for surface treatment of mandrel bar for use in producing seamless pipe by hot rolling
US8656748B2 (en) 2010-02-15 2014-02-25 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Lubricant for hot-rolling tools, and surface treatment method for mandrel bar for use in producing hot rolling seamless tubes
US20150217349A1 (en) * 2012-09-11 2015-08-06 Jfe Steel Corporation Plug for rolling of seamless steel pipe, method for manufacturing the same and method for manufacturing seamless steel pipe using the same
US10441982B2 (en) * 2012-09-11 2019-10-15 Jfe Steel Corporation Plug for rolling of seamless steel pipe, method for manufacturing the same and method for manufacturing seamless steel pipe using the same
JP2017503911A (en) * 2013-10-22 2017-02-02 シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフトSiemens Aktiengesellschaft Fatigue resistant turbine through bolt

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