JP2004339461A - 金属等のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させた液状流体 - Google Patents
金属等のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させた液状流体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004339461A JP2004339461A JP2003291967A JP2003291967A JP2004339461A JP 2004339461 A JP2004339461 A JP 2004339461A JP 2003291967 A JP2003291967 A JP 2003291967A JP 2003291967 A JP2003291967 A JP 2003291967A JP 2004339461 A JP2004339461 A JP 2004339461A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ultrafine particles
- liquid fluid
- liquid
- metal
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 55
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 55
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 55
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum Chemical compound [Cr].[Mo] VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na] NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 liquid sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004436 sodium atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/28—Selection of specific coolants ; Additions to the reactor coolants, e.g. against moderator corrosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 液状流体2に金属等のナノサイズ超微粒子1を分散させる。これにより、反応性または毒性を有する液状流体の場合には、液状流体の反応性または毒性を低減させることができる。液状流体の流動抵抗性を高め、微小亀裂からの漏洩量を低減できる。熱交換器の熱媒体として使用することにより、熱交換器本来の伝熱性能と同程度以上とすることができる。
【選択図】 図1
Description
(1) 水等の一般的な液体の場合には、超微粒子を液体中に混合して分散させる。
(2) 液体金属の場合には、超微粒子の表層の酸化層や水酸化層を水素還元法等により予め除去した後、液体金属中に混合して分散させる。
() 液体ナトリウム等の液体アルカリ金属の場合には、数100℃といった高温の液体ナトリウムに超微粒子を混合することで、超微粒子表層の酸化層が液体ナトリウム中で効果的に除去され、安定に分散させることができる。
<ナノサイズ超微粒子の分散試験>
窒素でパージしたドラフトチャンバー内で、金属ナトリウム10gを分取してアルミナるつぼに入れ350℃程度に昇温して液体ナトリウムとし、これにNiナノサイズ超微粒子(直径約10nm、商品名「ニッケル微粉末」住友電工(株)製)を添加して攪拌したところ、超微粒子を60質量%程度まで容易に分散含有させることができた。超微粒子を分散させた液体ナトリウムを室温まで降温して固化させたサンプルを観察したところ、超微粒子の凝集や沈殿は認められず、ほぼ均質にナトリウム中に分散されていることが確認された。
このことから、高温条件とした液体ナトリウム中に超微粒子を混合することによって、超微粒子表面の酸化層や水酸化層が効果的に除去され、表面活性剤のような添加物を添加せずとも、超微粒子を高濃度で液体ナトリウム中に分散できることが理解できる。
上記と同様にして調製したNiナノサイズ超微粒子20質量%を分散含有させた液体ナトリウムを固化させ、一辺が1cm程度の立方体形状の試験片0.3gを得た。この試験片を内径38mm、高さ45mmのビーカーの底に設置し、マイクロピペッターで0.06mLの純水を採取して試験片の上方から滴下し、滴下した水滴の光量を変位差計で計測して試験の開始を確認した。以上の試験装置を、窒素雰囲気のドラフトチャンバー内に設置して、ナトリウム酸化反応の進行を防止した。また、試験片から10mm上方の雰囲気ガスの温度変化を熱電対で測定するとともに、試験片から放出される反応生成物の濃度変化を可視光レーザ変位センサ(商品名「LB−1100」、キーエンス(株)製)によりレーザ光量の吸収量として計測した。
モーター駆動の回転翼を備えた混合容器内にナトリウム20gを入れ、この混合容器をマントルヒータ内に設置し、350℃に昇温してナトリウムを液化させた。この液化ナトリウム中に上記のNiナノサイズ超微粒子を2gずつ逐次追加しながら添加し、モータにより一定回転数で回転翼を回転させながら超微粒子を液体ナトリウム中に分散含有させた。このときのモータの電流変化を計測し、粘度計校正用標準液(昭和シェル石油(株)製)を用いて予め作成しておいた粘度−電流の検量線から、超微粒子の添加濃度と粘度との関係を求めた。
2:液状流体
3:超微粒子周囲に吸着された液状流体
Claims (4)
- 液状流体に金属、合金および金属化合物からなる群から選ばれる一種または二種以上のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させたことを特徴とする液状流体。
- 反応性または毒性を有する液状流体に金属、合金および金属化合物からなる群から選ばれる一種または二種以上のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させることにより液状流体の反応性または毒性を低減させたことを特徴とする液状流体。
- 液状流体に金属、合金および金属化合物からなる群から選ばれる一種または二種以上のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させることにより液状流体の流動抵抗性を高めたことを特徴とする液状流体。
- 熱交換器の熱媒体としての液状流体にこの液状流体より高い熱伝導率を有する金属、合金および金属化合物からなる群から選ばれる一種または二種以上のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させることにより熱媒体の熱伝導性を向上させたことを特徴とする液状流体。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003291967A JP3935870B2 (ja) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-08-12 | 金属等のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させた液体アルカリ金属 |
US10/894,129 US20050269547A1 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2004-07-20 | Fluid in liquid state containing dispersed nano-particles of metal or the like |
EP04254808A EP1506987A1 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2004-08-10 | Fluid in liquid state containing dispersed nano-particles of metal or the like |
RU2004124542/04A RU2291889C2 (ru) | 2003-08-12 | 2004-08-11 | Жидкотекучая среда, содержащая диспергированные наночастицы металлов и подобных материалов |
US11/104,406 US7326368B2 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2005-04-13 | Fluid in liquid state containing dispersed nano-particles of metal or the like |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003115481 | 2003-04-21 | ||
JP2003291967A JP3935870B2 (ja) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-08-12 | 金属等のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させた液体アルカリ金属 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2004339461A true JP2004339461A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
JP3935870B2 JP3935870B2 (ja) | 2007-06-27 |
Family
ID=33562772
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003291967A Expired - Lifetime JP3935870B2 (ja) | 2003-04-21 | 2003-08-12 | 金属等のナノサイズ超微粒子を分散させた液体アルカリ金属 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20050269547A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1506987A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3935870B2 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2291889C2 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007262302A (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-11 | Denso Corp | 微粒子分散熱輸送媒体 |
US7910627B2 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2011-03-22 | Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute | Nanoparticle-dispersed high-performance liquid fluid, production method and apparatus for the fluid, and leak detection method for the fluid |
US8004175B2 (en) | 2004-06-16 | 2011-08-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Light-emitting material, light-emitting body, and light-emitting method |
JP2011179024A (ja) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-15 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | ナノ粒子分散アルカリ液体金属の製造方法 |
JP2011179070A (ja) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-09-15 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | ナノ粒子分散液体アルカリ金属およびその製造方法 |
JP2015034765A (ja) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-19 | 独立行政法人日本原子力研究開発機構 | ナノ粒子分散液体アルカリ金属の濃度制御方法およびそのシステム |
JP2015525356A (ja) * | 2012-06-22 | 2015-09-03 | ジーイー−ヒタチ・ニュークリア・エナジー・アメリカズ・エルエルシーGe−Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas, Llc | 原子炉のための液体金属冷却材の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2887680A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-27 | 2006-12-29 | Univ Paris Curie | Fluides conducteurs contenant des particules magnetiques millimetriques |
JP2007238862A (ja) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Denso Corp | 熱輸送媒体 |
JP2008050416A (ja) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-03-06 | Denso Corp | 熱輸送媒体 |
JP2008063411A (ja) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-21 | Denso Corp | 熱輸送流体、熱輸送構造、及び熱輸送方法 |
JP2008088240A (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-17 | Denso Corp | 熱輸送媒体 |
US20090154093A1 (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2009-06-18 | Dell Products L.P. | Composition and Methods for Managing Heat Within an Information Handling System |
EP1914487A1 (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-23 | Chia-Hsiung Wu | Heat exchange system |
WO2010092587A1 (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-19 | Tata Steel Limited | A method and apparatus for achieving higher cooling rates of a gas during bypass cooling in a batch annealing furnace of cold rolling mills |
US20100206527A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-19 | Hu Lin-Wen | In-Situ Treatment of Metallic Surfaces |
FR2953527B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-03 | 2012-01-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispersion colloidale d'oxyde d'alumine |
WO2017109528A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | Arcelormittal | A method of heat transfer between a metallic or non-metallic item and a heat transfer fluid |
US10723927B1 (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2020-07-28 | Ht Materials Science (Ip) Limited | Heat transfer mixture |
US10723928B1 (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2020-07-28 | Ht Materials Science (Ip) Limited | Heat transfer mixture |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB855859A (en) * | 1956-02-17 | 1960-12-07 | Vickers Electrical Co Ltd | Improvements relating to nuclear reactors |
US3726642A (en) * | 1971-12-29 | 1973-04-10 | Atomic Energy Commission | Suppression of corrosion of iron in sodium |
US3935063A (en) * | 1973-11-28 | 1976-01-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Emergency heat removal system for a nuclear reactor |
US4911232A (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-03-27 | Triangle Research And Development Corporation | Method of using a PCM slurry to enhance heat transfer in liquids |
DE4131516A1 (de) * | 1991-09-21 | 1993-04-08 | Rs Automatisierung Gmbh | Waermetraegerfluessigkeit |
US5641424A (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-06-24 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic refrigerant compositions and processes for making and using |
US6221275B1 (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2001-04-24 | University Of Chicago | Enhanced heat transfer using nanofluids |
US6329058B1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2001-12-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Nanosize metal oxide particles for producing transparent metal oxide colloids and ceramers |
US6432320B1 (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2002-08-13 | Patrick Bonsignore | Refrigerant and heat transfer fluid additive |
DE10065671A1 (de) * | 2000-12-30 | 2002-07-18 | Arnold Grimm | Herstellung und Einsatz von Nanopartikel aus Feststoffen mittels Ultraschallenergie zur Erhöhung des Wärmetransportes von Wärmeträgerflüssigkeiten |
US7115670B2 (en) * | 2001-05-25 | 2006-10-03 | Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited | Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process |
CA2428135C (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2011-04-19 | Ermanno Borra | Reflecting mirrors shaped with magnetic fields |
US7104313B2 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2006-09-12 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus for using fluid laden with nanoparticles for application in electronic cooling |
US7820066B2 (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2010-10-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fluid composition having enhanced heat transfer efficiency |
-
2003
- 2003-08-12 JP JP2003291967A patent/JP3935870B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-07-20 US US10/894,129 patent/US20050269547A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-08-10 EP EP04254808A patent/EP1506987A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-08-11 RU RU2004124542/04A patent/RU2291889C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-04-13 US US11/104,406 patent/US7326368B2/en active Active
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7910627B2 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2011-03-22 | Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute | Nanoparticle-dispersed high-performance liquid fluid, production method and apparatus for the fluid, and leak detection method for the fluid |
US8004175B2 (en) | 2004-06-16 | 2011-08-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Light-emitting material, light-emitting body, and light-emitting method |
US8236251B2 (en) | 2004-06-16 | 2012-08-07 | Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute | Nanoparticle-dispersed high-performance liquid fluid, production method and apparatus for the fluid, and leak detection method for the fluid |
JP2007262302A (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-11 | Denso Corp | 微粒子分散熱輸送媒体 |
JP2011179024A (ja) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-15 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | ナノ粒子分散アルカリ液体金属の製造方法 |
JP2011179070A (ja) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-09-15 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | ナノ粒子分散液体アルカリ金属およびその製造方法 |
JP2015525356A (ja) * | 2012-06-22 | 2015-09-03 | ジーイー−ヒタチ・ニュークリア・エナジー・アメリカズ・エルエルシーGe−Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas, Llc | 原子炉のための液体金属冷却材の製造方法 |
JP2015034765A (ja) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-19 | 独立行政法人日本原子力研究開発機構 | ナノ粒子分散液体アルカリ金属の濃度制御方法およびそのシステム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060054869A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
JP3935870B2 (ja) | 2007-06-27 |
US20050269547A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
RU2004124542A (ru) | 2006-01-27 |
RU2291889C2 (ru) | 2007-01-20 |
US7326368B2 (en) | 2008-02-05 |
EP1506987A1 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7326368B2 (en) | Fluid in liquid state containing dispersed nano-particles of metal or the like | |
Mukherjee et al. | Stability of heat transfer nanofluids–a review | |
Panduro et al. | A review of the use of nanofluids as heat-transfer fluids in parabolic-trough collectors | |
Tong et al. | Improvement of photo-thermal energy conversion performance of MWCNT/Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluid compared to Fe3O4 nanofluid | |
Sundar et al. | Experimental investigation of thermo-physical properties, heat transfer, pumping power, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency of nanodiamond+ Fe3O4/60: 40% water-ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluid flow in a tube | |
Xian et al. | Review on Preparation Techniques, Properties and Performance of Hybrid Nanofluid in Recent Engineering Application | |
Saleh et al. | Entropy generation and exergy efficiency analysis of ethylene glycol-water based nanodiamond+ Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluids in a circular tube | |
Fule et al. | Experimental investigation of heat transfer enhancement in helical coil heat exchangers using water based CuO nanofluid | |
Moghaddam et al. | Experimental investigation, sensitivity analysis and modeling of rheological behavior of MWCNT-CuO (30–70)/SAE40 hybrid nano-lubricant | |
Tang et al. | Shape-stabilized phase change materials based on fatty acid eutectics/expanded graphite composites for thermal storage | |
Zhang et al. | Glycerol in energy transportation: a state-of-the-art review | |
Hung et al. | Performance evaluation of an air-cooled heat exchange system for hybrid nanofluids | |
Asadikia et al. | Characterization of thermal and electrical properties of hybrid nanofluids prepared with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and Fe2O3 nanoparticles | |
Shah et al. | Potential evaluation of water-based ferric oxide (Fe2O3-water) nanocoolant: An experimental study | |
Sriharan et al. | Improved performance of composite phase change material for thermal energy storage | |
Sunil et al. | Experimental investigation on the thermal properties of NiO-nanofluids | |
Sundar et al. | Laminar convective heat transfer, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency studies on ethylene glycol based nanofluid containing nanodiamond nanoparticles | |
Akram et al. | A facile, green fabrication of aqueous nanofluids containing hydrophilic functionalized carbon nanotubes toward improving heat transfer in a closed horizontal flow passage | |
Sundaram et al. | Water-graphene nanoplatelets based thermal energy storage material with nucleating and thickening agents: an investigation on thermal behavior during phase change | |
US8246853B2 (en) | Liquid alkali metal with dispersed nanoparticles and method of manufacturing the same | |
Ahmed et al. | Investigation of rheological and corrosion properties of graphene-based eutectic salt | |
Jahan Salim et al. | Effect of morphology and concentration of two carbon allotropes on the enhancement of specific heat capacity of eutectic molten salt | |
CN115521763A (zh) | 一种用于高温脉动热管的复合工质和制备方法以及实验方法 | |
Cheng et al. | Fabrication and Characterization of Carbon‐Based Nanofluids through the Water Vortex Trap Method | |
Sundar et al. | Enhanced Heat Transfer and Thermal Performance Factor of Coiled Wire Inserted rGO/Co 3 O 4 Hybrid Nanofluid Circulating in a Horizontal Tube |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20030812 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20030813 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20050920 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20050927 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20051027 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20051028 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A712 Effective date: 20061116 |
|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422 Effective date: 20061116 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20061128 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20070117 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20070117 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20070220 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20070320 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 3935870 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110330 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110330 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120330 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130330 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140330 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |