JP2004333063A - Hot-water supply system - Google Patents

Hot-water supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004333063A
JP2004333063A JP2003131897A JP2003131897A JP2004333063A JP 2004333063 A JP2004333063 A JP 2004333063A JP 2003131897 A JP2003131897 A JP 2003131897A JP 2003131897 A JP2003131897 A JP 2003131897A JP 2004333063 A JP2004333063 A JP 2004333063A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hot water
water supply
pipe
storage tank
circulating
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JP2003131897A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshio Umihoko
義雄 海鉾
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Nishihara Engineering Co Ltd
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Nishihara Engineering Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Nishihara Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Nishihara Engineering Co Ltd
Priority to JP2003131897A priority Critical patent/JP2004333063A/en
Publication of JP2004333063A publication Critical patent/JP2004333063A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot-water supply system capable of preventing the electric failure by dispensing with a temperature rising heater and a temperature sensor, and remarkably reducing the running cost without lowering the temperature of the circulated supplied hot water. <P>SOLUTION: This hot water supply system is composed of a water heater for supplying the hot water, a hot water circulating supplying pipe for circulating the supplied hot water and supplying the same to a use point, a supplied hot water circulating pump mounted in the hot water circulating supplying pipe, a heated hot water supply pipe for supplying the hot water heated by the water heater to the hot water circulating supplying pipe, a hot water storage tank for storing the supplied hot water, a branched supply pipe branched from the heated hot water supply pipe and connected with the hot water storage tank, and an auxiliary water supply pipe for supplying the resupply water to the water heater and the hot water storage tank. A heat exchanging mechanism is mounted to exchange the heat between the hot water in the hot water storage tank and the supplied hot water in the hot water circulating supplying pipe. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えばビル等の複数階建物に設備される給湯システムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、ビル等の複数階建物における給湯システムは、機械室等に蒸気・温水等を熱源とした熱交換機、貯湯タンクを設置して給湯水をつくり、貯湯槽から建物内の各階使用個所を経由し、再度貯湯タンクに戻る循環給湯管を配管し、循環ポンプにより強制循環する中央式給湯システムが主流である。この給湯システムにおいては、循環給湯管内を流れている間に給湯水の湯温は低下していくが、再び貯湯タンクに戻されてタンク内で再度昇温されるため、循環給湯水の湯温は、常にほぼ一定温度(一般に60℃前後)に保たれるメリットがあった。しかし、その反面、システムが複雑であるためイニシャルコストが掛かり、また常時熱源により保温・昇温しているためランニングコストが掛かるといったデメリットがあった。また、この給湯システムの場合、その維持管理は有資格者が管理する必要があり、特に中小規模建物においては問題となっていた。
【0003】
一方、戸建て住宅や集合住宅等、家庭用の給湯システムにおいては、従来は、ガス給湯機や電気温水器で給湯水をつくり、各使用個所まで配管して供給する局所給湯システムが主流である。この給湯システムにおいては、イニシャルコストやランニングコストが安いメリットがある反面、循環配管ではないため、湯を使用しない時間が長く続くと、管内の湯温が低下してしまうデメリットがあった。
【0004】
近年、電気ヒートポンプに代表されるような、夜間等の給湯使用量が少ない時間帯に給湯機を稼働させて湯を沸かして貯湯タンクに貯留しておき、日中に貯留しておいた給湯水を使用する夜間貯湯型給湯機を使用する給湯システムが開発され、普及している。
【0005】
夜間貯湯型給湯機は、当初、家庭用等の局所式給湯システムで使用されていたが、最近は大容量化が進み、中小ビルクラスの建物での中央式給湯システムにおいても使用できるスペックのものも開発されている。夜間貯湯型給湯機を使用した中央式給湯システムでは、従来の中央式給湯システムのような、システム維持管理に有資格者が必要でないため、注目され始めている。
【0006】
図6は従来例としてヒートポンプ給湯機を使用した中央式給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
図6において、1は給湯機、2は貯湯タンク、3は給湯機1と貯湯タンク2のそれぞれの給水口に接続された補給水管、4は前記給湯機1の出湯口に接続された加熱給湯水供給管であり、この加熱給湯水供給管4の分岐供給管4aに前記貯湯タンク2の貯湯口兼用出湯口が接続されている。また、前記加熱給湯水供給管4には湯水混合弁5を介して循環給湯管6が接続されている。この循環給湯管6によって、前記給湯機1または前記貯湯タンク2から前記加熱給湯水供給管4に供給され且つ前記湯水混合弁5で補給水と混合されて設定温度に温度調整された給湯水を循環させながら給湯使用個所(給湯蛇口)7〜9に供給するようになっている。
【0007】
さらに詳しく説明すると、前記湯水混合弁5は、前記加熱給湯水供給管4が接続された加熱給湯水入口5aと、前記補給水管3の分岐補給水管3aが接続された補給水入口5bと、前記循環給湯管6の一次側端部が接続された給湯水出口(循環給湯水出口)5cと、前記循環給湯管6の二次側端部が接続された循環給湯水入口5dとを有している。
そして、前記循環給湯管6には、循環ポンプ10と昇温ヒータ11と温度センサ12のそれぞれが設けられている。ここで、前記循環給湯管6は、前記昇温ヒータ11の二次側から前記給湯使用個所7〜9に循環給湯水を供給する循環給湯往管6aと、この循環給湯往管6aにおける前記給湯使用個所7〜9側からの二次側管端部と前記昇温ヒータ11の一次側までの循環給湯還管6bとからなっている。また、前記加熱給湯水供給管4における給湯機1と貯湯タンク2との間、および前記循環給湯往管6aにおける給湯使用個所7〜9の上流側には、それぞれエア抜き弁13および14が設けられている。
【0008】
以上のように構成された従来の中央式給湯システムは、夜間に給湯機1を稼働させ、昼間は給湯機1を停止(休止)状態に維持する夜間貯湯型給湯システムとなっており、その動作を以下に説明する。
給湯機1を夜間稼働させることで沸かされた高温給湯水は、加熱給湯水供給管4から分岐供給管4aを経て貯湯タンク2内に送り込まれる。この場合、高温給湯水は貯湯タンク2内に充満するまで送り続けられる。
昼間は給湯機1が停止しているため、給湯機1から加熱給湯水供給管4へは給湯水が供給されていない状態となっている。この状態において、循環給湯管6内の給湯使用個所7〜9で給湯水が使用されると、貯湯タンク2内の給湯水が分岐供給管4aから加熱給湯水供給管4に供給され、湯水混合弁5で補給水と混合されて設定温度に温度制御された後、循環給湯往管6a内の給湯水に補充される。
【0009】
昼間や夜間の給湯水使用がない時間帯においては、循環給湯管6内の湯温が温度センサ12で常時計測され、その計測湯温が設定温度以下に低下すると、昇温ヒータ11が通電され、また、前記計測湯温が設定温度以上になると、前記昇温ヒータ11が停止することにより、循環給湯管6内の給湯水が常時一定の湯温に保たれるようになっている。
【0010】
なお、上記先行技術は当業者一般に知られた技術であって、文献公知発明に係るものではない。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の夜間貯湯型中央式給湯システムは以上のように構成され、湯水混合弁5の給湯水出口5cと循環給湯水入口5dとを結ぶ循環給湯管6に昇温ヒータ11と温度センサ12を設けた電気的昇温システムとなっているため、その昇温ヒータ11や温度センサ12が故障した場合、循環給湯水の油温が低下してしまうという課題があった。
さらに、循環給湯水の昇温に電気を使用しているため、ランニングコストが嵩むという課題があった。特に、電気ヒートポンプ給湯機を使用した給湯システムにおいて、局所式配管の給湯システムの場合は、昇温ヒータがないため、深夜電力で湯を沸かして、日中は給湯に電気を使わないので、電気料金を大幅に低減できるメリットはあるが、循環式配管の給湯システムの場合、日中においても上述のように循環配管内給湯水の昇温のために電気を使用するため、前記メリットが失われてしまうという課題があった。
また、日中においては、給湯使用個所7〜9で、循環給湯水が使用され、循環給湯管6内に加熱給湯水が流入するため、循環給湯水の設定最低温度以下になる時間が比較的少ない。このため、昇温ヒータ11が稼働する時間も比較的少ない。しかし、夜間においては、給湯水が使用されない時間が長時間継続するため、循環給湯管6内給湯水が設定最低温度以下に低下する時間が長く、昇温ヒータ11が長時間稼働することになる。このため、通常よりも多くの電力を消費するため、ランニングコストが嵩み、またヒータに多くの負荷がかかって故障の原因等に繋がるという課題があった。
【0012】
本発明は上記のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、昇温ヒータや温度センサを不要化して電気的故障を無くすことができるとともに、循環給湯水の湯温低下の恐れがなく、ランニングコストを大幅に低減できる給湯システムを提供することを目的とする。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る給湯システムは、給湯水を供給する給湯機と、給湯水を循環して使用箇所に供給する循環給湯管と、該循環給湯管に配設される給湯水循環ポンプと、前記給湯機で加熱された給湯水を前記循環給湯管に供給する加熱給湯水供給管と、給湯水を貯留する貯湯タンクと、前記加熱給湯水供給管より分岐し、該貯湯タンクに接続する分岐供給管と、前記給湯機および前記貯湯タンクに補給水を供給する補給水管とを備え、前記貯湯タンク内給湯水と前記循環給湯管内給湯水との間で熱交換を行う熱交換機構を有するシステム構成としたものである。
【0014】
本発明に係る給湯システムの熱交換機構は、貯湯タンクの外周面に循環給湯管を巻回して構成したものである。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施の一形態を説明する。
実施の形態1.
図1はこの発明の実施の形態1による給湯システムを示すフロー図であり、図6と同一部分または相当部分には同一符号を付して重複説明を省略する。
図1において、2a,2bは貯湯タンク2に設けられた複数の取り出し口であり、これらの取り出し口2a,2bにおいて、一方の取り出し口2aは循環湯出口となり、他方の取り出し口2bは循環湯戻り口となるもので、それらの取り出し口2a,2bに配管15,16を介して熱交換機構である熱交換器20が接続されている。
【0016】
さらに詳しく説明すると、貯湯タンク2の取り出し口2aと熱交換器20の一次側室流入接続口とが配管15で接続され、熱交換器20の一次側室流出接続口と取り出し口2bとが配管16で接続されている。また、熱交換器20の二次側室流出接続口と湯水混合弁5の循環給湯水入口5dとが循環給湯往管6aで接続され、循環給湯管6の循環給湯還管6bが熱交換器20の二次側室流入接続口に接続されている。
【0017】
次に動作について説明する。
給湯機1の夜間稼働で沸かされた高温給湯水が加熱給湯水供給管4から分岐供給管4aを介して貯湯タンク2内に供給され、当該貯湯タンク2内に高温給湯水が充満している状態においては、配管15から熱交換器20の一次側室を経由して配管16に至るまで、高温給湯水が充満している。この状態において、循環給湯管6内で冷えた循環給湯水は、循環ポンプ10による強制循環により、循環給湯還管6bから熱交換器20の二次側室に流入し、一次側室の高温給湯水と熱交換し、加熱されて循環給湯往管6aから流出して行く。一方、熱交換器20の一次側室に充満している高温給湯水は、熱交換により湯温が低下するが、自然対流により、配管16より貯湯タンク2に戻り、貯湯タンク2内の高温給湯水が配管15より流入してくることにより、一次側室内の高温給湯水は常に高温状態に保たれる。したがって、昼間や夜間の給湯水使用時には常に設定温度の温水を供給することが可能となる。
【0018】
以上は、高温給湯水を貯湯タンク2と熱交換器20の一次側室との間を自然対流によって循環させる場合であるが、配管15または配管16に循環ポンプを別途配設して稼働させれば、高温給湯水を強制循環させることができ、一層効果的に熱交換することができる。
【0019】
以上説明した実施の形態1によれば、貯湯タンク2内の高温給湯水と循環給湯管6内の循環給湯水とを熱交換器20を介して熱交換するように構成したので、従来例のような昇温ヒータや温度センサを必要とせずに循環給湯水を設定温度に維持することが可能となり、そのため、電気的故障がなくなるとともに、ランニングコストを大幅に低減することができるという効果がある。
なお、熱交換器20は、プレート、多管式、渦巻き式、二重管式等、加熱給湯水と循環給湯水が熱交換可能であれば、どのような構造のものであってもよい。
【0020】
実施の形態2.
図2は本発明の実施の形態2による給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
この実施の形態2では、貯湯タンク2自体に熱交換機構21を有する構成としたものである。
すなわち、この実施の形態2では、貯湯タンク1の周壁を内層壁22と外層壁23との二層構造とし、その内層壁22と外層壁23との間に熱交換室を形成したものである。そして、前記外層壁23の点対称位置に取り出し口2a,2bを設け、貯湯タンク2の循環給湯水出口となる前記一方の取り出し口2aと湯水混合弁5の循環給湯水入口5dとを循環給湯往管6aで接続するとともに、循環給湯管6の循環給湯還管6bを貯湯タンク2の循環湯戻り口となる前記他方の取り出し口2bに接続している。
【0021】
次に動作について説明する。
給湯機1で沸かされた高温給湯水が加熱給湯水供給管4から分岐供給管4aを介して貯湯タンク2の内層壁22内に供給され、その内層壁22内に充満する高温給湯水で前記内層壁22が加熱される。この状態において、循環給湯管6内で冷めた給湯水が循環給湯還管6bから貯湯タンク2の内層壁22と外層壁23との間の熱交換室に戻ることにより、当該熱交換室内の給湯水が前記内層壁22で加熱されて温められ、貯湯タンク2の取り出し口(循環給湯水出口)2aから循環給湯管6に供給されて循環される。
【0022】
以上説明した実施の形態2によれば、特に、新規の給湯システムを設置する場合や、既設の給湯システムにおいて、貯湯タンクを交換して給湯システムを構築する場合に、貯湯タンク2とは別の熱交換機構を必要とせず、熱交換機構の一次側の循環ポンプおよび配管が不要となり、そのため、配管施工が簡素化するとともに、ランニングコストの低減が図れるという効果がある。
なお、この実施の形態2の他の構成は上記実施の形態1と同一のため、その同一部分には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
【0023】
実施の形態3.
図3は本発明の実施の形態3による給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
この実施の形態3では、貯湯タンク2内に熱交換機構24を設けたものである。この熱交換機構24は管状の熱交換コイル24からなり、その熱交換コイル24の両端開口部を貯湯タンク2の取り出し口2a,2bに貯湯タンク2の内側から接続し、その取り出し口2a,2bに循環給湯往管6aと循環給湯還管6bを接続したもので、その他の構成は上記実施の形態1,2と同一のため、その同一部分には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
【0024】
この実施の形態3によると、貯湯タンク2内に充満している高温給湯水で熱交換コイル24が加熱され、循環給湯管6内の循環給湯水は、循環給湯還管6bから前記加熱状態の熱交換コイル24内に流入することで、この熱交換コイル24により、貯湯タンク2内に高温給湯水と熱交換されて温められ、循環給湯還管6aに流出する。
【0025】
なお、この実施の形態3による熱交換機構24は、図示例ではコ字状配管としたが、巻線コイル状の配管や波状配管、貯湯タンク2の内周面に沿った旋回配管等のようにコイル配管全長を長くすることが好ましく、この場合、熱交換距離が長くなって熱交換効率がいっそう向上するという効果がある。
【0026】
以上説明した実施の形態3によれば、上記実施の形態2の場合と同様に、特に、新規の給湯システムを設置する場合や、既設の給湯システムにおいて、貯湯タンクを交換して給湯システムを構築する場合に、貯湯タンク2とは別の熱交換機構を必要とせず、熱交換機構の一次側の循環ポンプおよび配管が不要となり、そのため、配管施工が簡素化するとともに、ランニングコストの低減が図れるという効果がある。また、貯湯タンク2の内部に熱交換機構24を設けたことにより、タンク直径が従来のものと変わらず、貯湯タンク2の設置面積を考慮する必要がないという効果がある。
【0027】
実施の形態4.
図4は本発明の実施の形態4による給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
この実施の形態4では、貯湯タンク2の外周面に循環給湯管6を巻回して熱交換機構25としたものである。
【0028】
実施の形態5.
図5は本発明の実施の形態5による給湯システムを示すフロー図であって、上記実施の形態4の変形例に係るものである。
この実施の形態5では、上記実施の形態4の場合と同様に貯湯タンク2の外周面に循環給湯管6を巻回したものであるが、その巻回方向として貯湯タンク6の外周面で上下方向に循環給湯管6を蛇行させて巻回したものである。
【0029】
上記実施の形態4,5において、循環給湯管6の巻回施工後に、貯湯タンク2の外周面を保温材で包囲することで、熱交換効率がいっそう向上させることができる。
【0030】
以上説明した実施の形態4,5によれば、上記実施の形態2,3の場合と同様の効果が得られることに加え、既設の給湯システムが、前述の昇温ヒータを使用したシステムであって、本発明のシステムに変更する場合、貯湯タンク2を交換せずに現場での循環給湯管6の巻回作業のみですみ、さらには、上記実施の形態1のような循環ポンプも不要であり、そのため、イニシャルコストやランニングコストの大幅な低減が図れるという効果がある。
また、貯湯タンク2と熱交換機構25とをユニットとして工場製作する場合においても、貯湯タンク2の仕様をそのままで循環給湯管巻回の作業工程の追加のみですみ、生産ラインへの投資額も低減できるという効果がある。
【0031】
なお、上記各実施の形態において、給湯機1は、ヒートポンプ給湯機、ガス給湯機、電気湯沸かし器、太陽熱集熱装置等、どのような給湯機であってもよい。
また、貯湯タンク2の材質は、耐食性、耐熱性、耐圧性に優れたステンレス製あるいはステンレスクラッド鋼板製がよいが、鋼やチタン、アルミニウム等、その他の金属であってもよい。また、耐熱性を有する樹脂であれば、耐熱性塩化ビニル、ポリプロピレン等、いずれの材質であってもよい。
上記各実施の形態では、循環給湯管6の循環ポンプ10を循環給湯還管6b側に設けたが、循環給湯往管6a側に循環ポンプ10を設けてもよい。
さらに、貯湯タンク2を分岐供給管4aと補給水管3との間に複数台直列に配設するようにしてもよい。この場合、建物毎の1日給湯使用量の違いを貯湯タンク数の増減で対応できるため、ユニット製作が容易となり、製作上、大きなメリットがある。なお、その場合の熱交換機構は、加熱給湯水供給管に最も近い貯湯タンクに設置することが最も望ましい。
また、上記各実施の形態では、エア抜き弁13,14を2箇所に設置したが、そのエア抜き弁は建物によって任意に設置できるものである。
【0032】
さらに、上記各実施の形態における湯水混合弁5の構造は、当該湯水混合弁5の二次側の循環給湯管内給湯水が設定された温度になる構造のものであれば、どのような構造のものでもよい。例えば、湯水の混合の仕方に関しては、加熱給湯水供給管4内の給湯水と湯水混合弁5の一次側の循環給湯管給湯水とを混合した後に、補給水を混合する順序や、加熱給湯水供給管4内の給湯水と補給水とを混合した後に、湯水混合弁5の一次側の循環給湯管内給湯水と混合したりする順序のいずれでもよい。
【0033】
なお、上記各実施の形態において、補給水管3から供給される給水圧力が十分でないために給湯使用個所7〜9で十分な吐水量・吐水圧が得られない場合、補給水管3や加熱給湯水供給管4に加圧ポンプを配設し、給水圧力や加熱給湯水の圧力を増圧するとなおよい。また、給湯機1や貯湯タンク2の構造上の問題から減圧弁で給水圧力を減圧したことによって給湯使用個所7〜9で十分な吐水量・吐水圧が得られない場合、加熱給湯水供給管4に加圧ポンプを配設し、加熱給湯水の圧力を増圧するとなおよい。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、この発明によれば、給湯水を供給する給湯機と、給湯水を循環して使用箇所に供給する循環給湯管と、該循環給湯管に配設される給湯水循環ポンプと、前記給湯機で加熱された給湯水を前記循環給湯管に供給する加熱給湯水供給管と、給湯水を貯留する貯湯タンクと、前記加熱給湯水供給管より分岐し、該貯湯タンクに接続する分岐供給管と、前記給湯機および前記貯湯タンクに補給水を供給する補給水管とを備え、前記貯湯タンク内給湯水と前記循環給湯管内給湯水との間で熱交換を行う熱交換機構を有するシステム構成としたので、従来例のような昇温ヒータや温度センサを必要とせずに循環給湯水を設定温度に維持することが可能となり、そのため、電気的故障がなくなるとともに、ランニングコストを大幅に低減することができるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態1による給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
【図2】本発明の実施の形態2による給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
【図3】本発明の実施の形態3による給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
【図4】本発明の実施の形態4による給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
【図5】本発明の実施の形態5による給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
【図6】従来の中央式給湯システムを示すフロー図である。
【符号の説明】
1 給湯機
2 貯湯タンク
3 補給水管
3a 分岐補給水管
4 加熱給湯水供給管
4a 分岐供給管
5 湯水混合弁
5a 加熱給湯水入口
5b 補給水入口
5c 給湯水出口(循環給湯水出口)
5d 循環給湯水入口
6 循環給湯管
6a 循環給湯往管
6b 循環給湯還管
7,8,9 給湯使用個所(給湯蛇口)
10 循環ポンプ
11 昇温ヒータ
12 温度センサ
13,14 エア抜き弁
15,16 配管
20 熱交換器
21 熱交換機構
22 内層壁
23 外層壁
24,25 熱交換機構
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hot water supply system installed in a multi-storey building such as a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, hot water supply systems in multi-storey buildings such as buildings have been equipped with heat exchangers and hot water storage tanks that use steam, hot water, etc. as heat sources in machine rooms, etc., to create hot water, and to use hot water storage tanks on each floor in the building. The mainstream is a central hot water supply system in which a circulation hot water supply pipe that returns to the hot water storage tank via a pipe is piped and forcedly circulated by a circulation pump. In this hot water supply system, the hot water temperature drops while flowing in the circulating hot water supply pipe. However, the hot water is returned to the hot water storage tank and heated again in the tank. Has the merit that it is always kept at a substantially constant temperature (generally around 60 ° C.). However, on the other hand, there are disadvantages in that the system is complicated and the initial cost is increased, and since the temperature is constantly kept and raised by the heat source, the running cost is increased. In addition, in the case of this hot water supply system, the maintenance of the system must be managed by a qualified person, which has been a problem especially in small and medium-sized buildings.
[0003]
On the other hand, in a domestic hot water supply system such as a detached house or an apartment house, a local hot water supply system in which hot water is produced by a gas water heater or an electric water heater and supplied to each point of use by piping is mainly used. This hot water supply system has the advantage of low initial cost and running cost, but has the disadvantage of lowering the temperature of hot water in the pipe if the hot water is not used for a long time because it is not a circulating pipe.
[0004]
In recent years, hot water is stored in a hot water storage tank by operating a water heater at a time when the amount of hot water used is low, such as at night, as represented by an electric heat pump, and the hot water is stored during the day. A hot water supply system that uses a night-time hot water supply type hot water supply system has been developed and spread.
[0005]
At night, hot water storage type hot water heaters were originally used in local hot water supply systems for home use, etc., but their capacity has recently increased, and they can be used in central hot water supply systems in small and medium-sized buildings. Has also been developed. A central hot water supply system using a night-time hot water supply type hot water supply system is attracting attention because a qualified person is not required for system maintenance and management unlike the conventional central hot water supply system.
[0006]
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a central hot water supply system using a heat pump water heater as a conventional example.
6, reference numeral 1 denotes a water heater, 2 denotes a hot water storage tank, 3 denotes a makeup water pipe connected to each water supply port of the water heater 1 and the hot water storage tank 2, and 4 denotes a heated hot water supply connected to a tap of the water heater 1. A hot water supply / outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 is connected to a branch supply pipe 4a of the hot water supply pipe 4. A circulation hot water supply pipe 6 is connected to the heating hot water supply pipe 4 via a hot water mixing valve 5. The circulating hot water supply pipe 6 supplies hot water supplied from the hot water heater 1 or the hot water storage tank 2 to the heated hot water supply pipe 4 and mixed with make-up water at the hot water mixing valve 5 to adjust the temperature to a set temperature. The hot water is supplied to hot water supply taps 7 to 9 while circulating.
[0007]
More specifically, the hot / water mixing valve 5 includes a heating / supplying water inlet 5a to which the heating / supplying water supply pipe 4 is connected, a supply water inlet 5b to which a branch supply water pipe 3a of the supply water pipe 3 is connected, It has a hot water outlet (circulating hot water outlet) 5c to which the primary end of the circulating hot water pipe 6 is connected, and a circulating hot water inlet 5d to which the secondary end of the circulating hot water pipe 6 is connected. I have.
The circulation hot water supply pipe 6 is provided with a circulation pump 10, a temperature raising heater 11, and a temperature sensor 12. Here, the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 is a circulating hot water supply pipe 6a for supplying circulating hot water from the secondary side of the temperature raising heater 11 to the hot water use points 7 to 9, and the hot water supply in the circulating hot water supply pipe 6a. It comprises a secondary pipe end from the use point 7 to 9 side and a circulating hot water supply return pipe 6b to the primary side of the temperature raising heater 11. Air vent valves 13 and 14 are provided between the hot water supply device 1 and the hot water storage tank 2 in the heating hot water supply pipe 4 and upstream of hot water use points 7 to 9 in the circulation hot water supply pipe 6a, respectively. Have been.
[0008]
The conventional central hot water supply system configured as described above is a nighttime hot water supply type hot water supply system that operates the hot water heater 1 at night and keeps the hot water heater 1 in a stopped (paused) state during the day. Will be described below.
The high-temperature hot water boiled by operating the water heater 1 at night is sent from the hot water supply pipe 4 into the hot water storage tank 2 via the branch supply pipe 4a. In this case, the high-temperature hot water is continuously fed until the hot water storage tank 2 is filled.
During the daytime, the hot water supply device 1 is stopped, so that hot water is not supplied from the hot water supply device 1 to the heating hot water supply pipe 4. In this state, when hot water is used at hot water use locations 7 to 9 in the circulation hot water supply pipe 6, hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 is supplied from the branch supply pipe 4a to the hot water supply pipe 4, and the hot and cold water is mixed. After being mixed with make-up water by the valve 5 and temperature-controlled to the set temperature, the hot water in the circulation hot water supply pipe 6a is refilled.
[0009]
During the daytime or nighttime when hot water is not used, the temperature of the hot water in the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 is constantly measured by the temperature sensor 12, and when the measured hot water temperature falls below the set temperature, the heating heater 11 is energized. Further, when the measured hot water temperature becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature, the hot water heater 11 is stopped, so that the hot water in the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 is always maintained at a constant hot water temperature.
[0010]
The above prior art is a technique generally known to those skilled in the art, and does not relate to the invention disclosed in the literature.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional night-time hot water supply type central hot water supply system is configured as described above, and a heating heater 11 and a temperature sensor 12 are provided in a circulating hot water supply pipe 6 connecting a hot water outlet 5c of the hot / water mixing valve 5 and a circulating hot water inlet 5d. Since the electric heating system has a high temperature, if the heating heater 11 or the temperature sensor 12 fails, there is a problem that the oil temperature of the circulating hot water drops.
Furthermore, since electricity is used to raise the temperature of the circulating hot water, there is a problem that running costs increase. In particular, in a hot water supply system using an electric heat pump water heater, in the case of a hot water supply system with a local piping, since there is no heating heater, the hot water is boiled by midnight power, and electricity is not used for hot water supply during the day. Although there is an advantage that the charge can be greatly reduced, in the case of a hot water supply system with a circulation pipe, the above advantage is lost because electricity is used for raising the temperature of hot water in the circulation pipe even during the day as described above. There was a problem that would be.
In the daytime, the circulating hot water is used at the hot water supply locations 7 to 9 and the heated hot water flows into the circulating hot water supply pipe 6, so that the time when the temperature of the circulating hot water falls below the set minimum temperature is relatively low. Few. For this reason, the operation time of the temperature raising heater 11 is relatively short. However, in the nighttime, since the time when hot water is not used continues for a long time, the time when the hot water in the circulation hot water supply pipe 6 falls below the set minimum temperature is long, and the temperature raising heater 11 operates for a long time. . For this reason, there is a problem that running power is increased because more power is consumed than usual, and a large load is applied to the heater, which may cause a failure.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and eliminates the need for a temperature raising heater and a temperature sensor to eliminate an electrical failure. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hot water supply system that can significantly reduce running costs.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A hot water supply system according to the present invention includes a hot water supply device that supplies hot water, a circulating hot water supply pipe that circulates hot water and supplies the hot water to a point of use, a hot water circulation pump that is disposed in the circulating hot water supply pipe, and the hot water supply device. A hot water supply pipe for supplying hot water supplied to the circulation hot water supply pipe to the circulation hot water supply pipe, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, and a branch supply pipe branched from the heated hot water supply pipe and connected to the hot water storage tank. And a replenishing water pipe for supplying replenishing water to the water heater and the hot water storage tank, and a system configuration having a heat exchange mechanism for performing heat exchange between hot water in the hot water storage tank and hot water in the circulating hot water supply pipe. Things.
[0014]
The heat exchange mechanism of the hot water supply system according to the present invention is configured by winding a circulating hot water supply pipe around an outer peripheral surface of a hot water storage tank.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The same or corresponding parts as in FIG.
In FIG. 1, reference numerals 2a and 2b denote a plurality of outlets provided in the hot water storage tank 2. In these outlets 2a and 2b, one outlet 2a serves as a circulation hot water outlet, and the other outlet 2b serves as a circulation hot water outlet. A heat exchanger 20 which is a heat exchange mechanism is connected to the outlets 2a and 2b via pipes 15 and 16 as return ports.
[0016]
More specifically, the outlet 2a of the hot water storage tank 2 and the inlet port of the primary chamber of the heat exchanger 20 are connected by a pipe 15, and the outlet port of the primary chamber of the heat exchanger 20 and the outlet port 2b are connected by a pipe 16. It is connected. The outlet of the secondary side chamber of the heat exchanger 20 and the circulating hot water inlet 5d of the hot water mixing valve 5 are connected by a circulating hot water supply pipe 6a, and the circulating hot water return pipe 6b of the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 is connected to the heat exchanger 20. Is connected to the secondary side chamber inlet connection port.
[0017]
Next, the operation will be described.
High-temperature hot water boiled during the night operation of the hot-water supply device 1 is supplied from the hot-water supply water supply pipe 4 to the hot-water storage tank 2 via the branch supply pipe 4a, and the hot-water storage tank 2 is filled with the high-temperature hot water. In the state, the hot water is filled from the pipe 15 to the pipe 16 via the primary chamber of the heat exchanger 20. In this state, the circulating hot water cooled in the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 flows into the secondary side chamber of the heat exchanger 20 from the circulating hot water return pipe 6b by forced circulation by the circulating pump 10, and the high temperature hot water in the primary side chamber is removed. It exchanges heat, is heated, and flows out of the circulation hot water supply pipe 6a. On the other hand, the high-temperature hot water filled in the primary chamber of the heat exchanger 20 has its temperature lowered by heat exchange, but returns to the hot water storage tank 2 from the pipe 16 by natural convection, and the high-temperature hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 Flows from the pipe 15, the high-temperature hot water in the primary room is always kept at a high temperature. Therefore, it is possible to always supply hot water at the set temperature when hot water is used during the day or at night.
[0018]
The above is the case where the high-temperature hot water is circulated between the hot water storage tank 2 and the primary chamber of the heat exchanger 20 by natural convection. The hot water can be forcedly circulated, and the heat exchange can be performed more effectively.
[0019]
According to the first embodiment described above, heat is exchanged between the high-temperature hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 and the circulating hot water in the circulation hot water supply pipe 6 via the heat exchanger 20. The circulating hot water can be maintained at the set temperature without the need for such a heater or temperature sensor, so that there is no electrical failure and the running cost can be greatly reduced. .
The heat exchanger 20 may have any structure, such as a plate, a multi-tube type, a spiral type, and a double-tube type, as long as the hot and cold water can exchange heat.
[0020]
Embodiment 2 FIG.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the second embodiment, the hot water storage tank 2 itself has a heat exchange mechanism 21.
That is, in the second embodiment, the peripheral wall of hot water storage tank 1 has a two-layer structure of inner layer wall 22 and outer layer wall 23, and a heat exchange chamber is formed between inner layer wall 22 and outer layer wall 23. . Then, outlets 2a and 2b are provided at point symmetric positions of the outer layer wall 23, and the one outlet 2a serving as a circulating hot water outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 and the circulating hot water inlet 5d of the hot / water mixing valve 5 are circulated with hot water. While being connected by the outgoing pipe 6a, the circulating hot water return pipe 6b of the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 is connected to the other outlet 2b serving as the circulating hot water return port of the hot water storage tank 2.
[0021]
Next, the operation will be described.
The high-temperature hot water boiled in the hot-water supply device 1 is supplied from the hot-water supply water supply pipe 4 to the inner wall 22 of the hot water storage tank 2 through the branch supply pipe 4a, and the high-temperature hot water fills the inner wall 22 with the hot water. The inner wall 22 is heated. In this state, the hot water cooled in the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 returns to the heat exchange chamber between the inner wall 22 and the outer wall 23 of the hot water storage tank 2 from the circulating hot water return pipe 6b, thereby supplying hot water in the heat exchange chamber. The water is heated by the inner layer wall 22 and warmed, and is supplied from the outlet (circulating hot water outlet) 2 a of the hot water storage tank 2 to the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 and circulated.
[0022]
According to the second embodiment described above, in particular, when a new hot water supply system is installed, or when an existing hot water supply system is replaced with a hot water storage tank to construct a hot water supply system, another hot water storage tank 2 is used. A heat exchange mechanism is not required, and a circulating pump and piping on the primary side of the heat exchange mechanism are not required. Therefore, there is an effect that piping construction is simplified and running costs can be reduced.
Since other configurations of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0023]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the third embodiment, a heat exchange mechanism 24 is provided in the hot water storage tank 2. The heat exchange mechanism 24 includes a tubular heat exchange coil 24, and the openings at both ends of the heat exchange coil 24 are connected to the outlets 2 a and 2 b of the hot water storage tank 2 from the inside of the hot water storage tank 2, and the outlets 2 a and 2 b Since the circulation hot water supply pipe 6a and the circulation hot water supply return pipe 6b are connected to each other, and other configurations are the same as those in the first and second embodiments, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
[0024]
According to the third embodiment, the heat exchange coil 24 is heated by the high-temperature hot water filling the hot water storage tank 2, and the circulating hot water in the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 is heated from the circulating hot water return pipe 6b in the heating state. By flowing into the heat exchange coil 24, the heat exchange coil 24 exchanges heat with the high-temperature hot water in the hot water storage tank 2 to be heated and flows out to the circulation hot water return pipe 6 a.
[0025]
Although the heat exchange mechanism 24 according to the third embodiment is a U-shaped pipe in the illustrated example, it may be a coiled pipe, a corrugated pipe, a swirling pipe along the inner peripheral surface of the hot water storage tank 2, or the like. In addition, it is preferable to increase the total length of the coil pipe. In this case, there is an effect that the heat exchange distance is increased and the heat exchange efficiency is further improved.
[0026]
According to the third embodiment described above, similarly to the second embodiment, particularly when a new hot water supply system is installed or in an existing hot water supply system, a hot water storage tank is replaced to construct a hot water supply system. In this case, a separate heat exchange mechanism from the hot water storage tank 2 is not required, and a circulating pump and piping on the primary side of the heat exchange mechanism are not required. Therefore, piping construction is simplified and running costs can be reduced. This has the effect. Further, by providing the heat exchange mechanism 24 inside the hot water storage tank 2, there is an effect that the diameter of the tank does not change from the conventional one and there is no need to consider the installation area of the hot water storage tank 2.
[0027]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In the fourth embodiment, the circulating hot water supply pipe 6 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the hot water storage tank 2 to form the heat exchange mechanism 25.
[0028]
Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, and relates to a modification of Embodiment 4 described above.
In the fifth embodiment, the circulation hot water supply pipe 6 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the hot water storage tank 2 as in the case of the fourth embodiment. The circulation hot water supply pipe 6 is meanderingly wound in the direction.
[0029]
In the above fourth and fifth embodiments, the heat exchange efficiency can be further improved by surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the hot water storage tank 2 with the heat insulating material after winding the circulation hot water supply pipe 6.
[0030]
According to the fourth and fifth embodiments described above, the same effects as those of the second and third embodiments can be obtained, and the existing hot water supply system is a system using the above-described temperature raising heater. Therefore, when the system is changed to the system of the present invention, only the work of winding the circulation hot water supply pipe 6 at the site without replacing the hot water storage tank 2 is required, and the circulation pump as in the first embodiment is unnecessary. Therefore, there is an effect that the initial cost and the running cost can be significantly reduced.
In addition, even when the factory is manufactured with the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchange mechanism 25 as a unit, only the operation of winding the circulating hot water supply pipe is added while keeping the specification of the hot water storage tank 2, and the investment amount on the production line is also reduced. There is an effect that it can be reduced.
[0031]
In each of the above embodiments, water heater 1 may be any water heater such as a heat pump water heater, a gas water heater, an electric water heater, a solar heat collector, and the like.
The material of the hot water storage tank 2 is preferably made of stainless steel or stainless steel clad steel sheet having excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and pressure resistance, but may be other metals such as steel, titanium, and aluminum. In addition, any material may be used as long as it has heat resistance, such as heat-resistant vinyl chloride and polypropylene.
In the above embodiments, the circulation pump 10 of the circulation hot water supply pipe 6 is provided on the circulation hot water supply return pipe 6b side, but the circulation pump 10 may be provided on the circulation hot water supply outgoing pipe 6a side.
Further, a plurality of hot water storage tanks 2 may be arranged in series between the branch supply pipe 4a and the makeup water pipe 3. In this case, since the difference in the daily hot water usage of each building can be handled by increasing or decreasing the number of hot water storage tanks, the unit can be easily manufactured, and there is a great advantage in manufacturing. In this case, it is most desirable that the heat exchange mechanism be installed in the hot water storage tank closest to the heating hot water supply pipe.
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the air bleeding valves 13 and 14 are installed at two places, but the air bleeding valves can be arbitrarily installed depending on the building.
[0032]
Furthermore, the structure of the hot water mixing valve 5 in each of the above embodiments is not limited as long as the hot water in the circulation hot water supply pipe on the secondary side of the hot water mixing valve 5 has a set temperature. It may be something. For example, regarding the method of mixing hot and cold water, after mixing hot and cold water in the hot and cold water supply pipe 4 with hot and cold water in the circulating hot water supply pipe on the primary side of the hot and cold water mixing valve 5, the order of mixing make-up water, After mixing the hot water in the water supply pipe 4 and the make-up water, the water may be mixed with the hot water in the circulating hot water supply pipe on the primary side of the hot water mixing valve 5.
[0033]
In each of the above-described embodiments, if the water supply pressure supplied from the supply water pipe 3 is not sufficient, and thus the sufficient water discharge amount / water discharge pressure cannot be obtained at the hot water supply use points 7 to 9, the supply water pipe 3 or the heated hot water supply water It is more preferable to provide a pressurizing pump in the supply pipe 4 to increase the pressure of the water supply or the pressure of the hot water supply. Further, if the water supply pressure is reduced by the pressure reducing valve due to a structural problem of the hot water supply device 1 or the hot water storage tank 2 and a sufficient water discharge amount and water discharge pressure cannot be obtained at the hot water supply locations 7 to 9, the heating water supply water supply pipe is used. It is more preferable to provide a pressurizing pump at 4 and increase the pressure of the hot water.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a water heater that supplies hot water, a circulating hot water pipe that circulates hot water and supplies the hot water to a point of use, a hot water circulating pump that is disposed in the circulating hot water pipe, A hot water supply pipe for supplying hot water supplied by the water heater to the circulation hot water supply pipe, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, and a branch branched from the hot water supply pipe and connected to the hot water storage tank A system comprising: a supply pipe; a supply water pipe for supplying supply water to the hot water supply device and the hot water storage tank; and a heat exchange mechanism for performing heat exchange between hot water in the hot water storage tank and hot water in the circulation hot water supply pipe. The configuration makes it possible to maintain the circulating hot water at the set temperature without the need for a heater or temperature sensor as in the conventional example, thereby eliminating electrical failures and greatly reducing running costs. Do There is an effect that theft can be.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a conventional central hot water supply system.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot water supply device 2 Hot water storage tank 3 Refill water pipe 3a Branch refill water pipe 4 Heating hot water supply pipe 4a Branch supply pipe 5 Hot water mixing valve 5a Heating hot water inlet 5b Refill water inlet 5c Hot water outlet (circulating hot water outlet)
5d Circulating hot water inlet 6 Circulating hot water supply pipe 6a Circulating hot water supply outgoing pipe 6b Circulating hot water supply return pipe 7, 8, 9 Hot water supply point (hot water tap)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Circulation pump 11 Heater 12 Temperature sensor 13, 14 Air vent valve 15, 16 Pipe 20 Heat exchanger 21 Heat exchange mechanism 22 Inner wall 23 Outer wall 24, 25 Heat exchange mechanism

Claims (2)

給湯水を供給する給湯機と、給湯水を循環して使用箇所に供給する循環給湯管と、該循環給湯管に配設される給湯水循環ポンプと、前記給湯機で加熱された給湯水を前記循環給湯管に供給する加熱給湯水供給管と、給湯水を貯留する貯湯タンクと、前記加熱給湯水供給管より分岐し、該貯湯タンクに接続する分岐供給管と、前記給湯機および前記貯湯タンクに補給水を供給する補給水管とからなる給湯システムにおいて、前記貯湯タンク内給湯水と前記循環給湯管内給湯水との間で熱交換を行う熱交換機構を有することを特徴とする給湯システム。A water heater that supplies hot water, a circulating hot water pipe that circulates hot water and supplies the hot water to a point of use, a hot water circulating pump that is provided in the circulating hot water pipe, and hot water that is heated by the hot water heater. A hot water supply pipe for supplying to the circulation hot water supply pipe, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a branch supply pipe branched from the heating hot water supply pipe and connected to the hot water storage tank, the water heater and the hot water storage tank A hot water supply system comprising: a hot water supply system for supplying hot water to the hot water supply tank; and a heat exchange mechanism for performing heat exchange between hot water in the hot water storage tank and hot water in the circulation hot water supply pipe. 熱交換機構は、貯湯タンク外周面に循環給湯管を巻回してなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の給湯システム。The hot water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange mechanism is configured by winding a circulating hot water supply pipe around an outer peripheral surface of the hot water storage tank.
JP2003131897A 2003-05-09 2003-05-09 Hot-water supply system Withdrawn JP2004333063A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008157471A (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-07-10 Showa Mfg Co Ltd Hot water supply device
CN105115025A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-12-02 江苏宝奥兰空调设备有限公司 Hot water supply system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008157471A (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-07-10 Showa Mfg Co Ltd Hot water supply device
CN105115025A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-12-02 江苏宝奥兰空调设备有限公司 Hot water supply system

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