JP2004332854A - Pressure vessel - Google Patents

Pressure vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004332854A
JP2004332854A JP2003130747A JP2003130747A JP2004332854A JP 2004332854 A JP2004332854 A JP 2004332854A JP 2003130747 A JP2003130747 A JP 2003130747A JP 2003130747 A JP2003130747 A JP 2003130747A JP 2004332854 A JP2004332854 A JP 2004332854A
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
hydrogen storage
storage unit
pressure vessel
support member
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JP2003130747A
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JP4213512B2 (en
Inventor
Akiko Kumano
明子 熊野
Hideto Kubo
秀人 久保
Yoshihiro Isogai
嘉宏 磯貝
Takashi Fuji
敬司 藤
Daigoro Mori
大五郎 森
Masahiko Kanehara
雅彦 金原
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Toyota Industries Corp
Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Industries Corp
Toyota Motor Corp
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Priority to JP2003130747A priority Critical patent/JP4213512B2/en
Priority to US10/841,279 priority patent/US7152665B2/en
Publication of JP2004332854A publication Critical patent/JP2004332854A/en
Priority to US11/595,128 priority patent/US7322398B2/en
Priority to US11/981,145 priority patent/US20080066887A1/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32Hydrogen storage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】軽量化と貯蔵ガス量の確保とを両立させることができる圧力容器を提供する。
【解決手段】水素タンク11は、筒状の容器本体12内に、熱交換機能を有する水素吸蔵用ユニット13が収容されている。容器本体12は、細長い中空状のライナ14と、ライナ14の外面の略全域を覆う繊維強化樹脂層15とを備えている。水素吸蔵用ユニット13は、その長手方向の中間部において、容器本体12内面と、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の外面との間に両者に接触した状態で介在されるとともに連続気孔を有する金属多孔体製の支持部材24を介して支持されている。支持部材24は環状に形成され、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の周方向全体にわたって接触している。
【選択図】 図1
An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure vessel capable of achieving both reduction in weight and securing of a stored gas amount.
In a hydrogen tank, a hydrogen storage unit having a heat exchange function is accommodated in a cylindrical container body. The container main body 12 includes an elongated hollow liner 14 and a fiber-reinforced resin layer 15 covering substantially the entire outer surface of the liner 14. The hydrogen storage unit 13 is made of a metal porous body having a continuous pore and being interposed between the inner surface of the container body 12 and the outer surface of the hydrogen storage unit 13 in the middle part in the longitudinal direction in a state of being in contact with both. Is supported via the support member 24 of the above. The support member 24 is formed in an annular shape and is in contact with the entire hydrogen storage unit 13 in the circumferential direction.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は圧力容器に係り、詳しくは内部に熱交換機能を有する組立品が収容されている圧力容器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
水素エネルギーは太陽熱エネルギーと並んでクリーンエネルギーとして注目されている。水素の貯蔵、輸送の方法として、ある温度、圧力の条件のもとで水素を吸蔵して水素化物になり、必要時に別の温度、圧力の条件のもとで水素を放出する「水素吸蔵合金(以下、MHという)」といわれる金属の利用が着目されている。そして、水素の供給をMHを使用して行う水素エンジンや燃料電池電気自動車、あるいはMHが水素を吸蔵・放出するときの発熱・吸熱を利用するヒートポンプ等の研究が行われている。
【0003】
そして、MHを充填した圧力容器(タンク)では、MHによる水素の吸蔵・放出を円滑に行うため、タンク内に熱交換器が内蔵されている。(例えば、特許文献1参照)。特許文献1には、熱交換器の周囲を水素吸蔵合金とともに断熱性のケースで囲み、該断熱ケースを圧力容器の内面に点状又は線状に接触する支持部材で保持した圧力容器が開示されている。
【0004】
また、特許文献1には、図4に示す構成の圧力容器51も開示されている。ステンレス鋼製の圧力容器51内には、多数の小孔52aが形成された収納ケース52が内装され、収納ケース52内にMHの粉末とともに熱交換器53が収納されている。圧力容器51の内面と収納ケース52の外面との間にはグラスウールのように通気性の有る断熱材54が充填されている。熱交換器53は熱媒体(熱媒)を流す熱媒管55に複数のフィン56が設けられた構造である。そして、熱媒管55が収納ケース52及び圧力容器51の両端を貫通した状態で圧力容器51に支持されることにより、収納ケース52及び水素吸蔵合金が熱媒管55を介して圧力容器51に支持されている。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開2000−249425号公報(明細書の段落[0012]、図1)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
水素エンジンや燃料電池電気自動車の燃料の供給源として水素貯蔵タンクを自動車に搭載する場合は、水素貯蔵タンクの軽量化が重要になる。圧力容器内にMHを充填した場合は、同じ圧力及び同じ容積における水素の貯蔵量を多くできる。しかし、MHは水素吸蔵時に膨張するため、圧力容器内全部にMHを充填した場合は、MHの膨張の圧力が圧力容器に直接加わる。従って、圧力容器を内圧及びMHの膨張力の両方に対向する強度とする必要があり、MHの重量増加分だけでなく圧力容器の強度を高めるための重量増加の双方の影響で、圧力容器全体の重量が重くなりすぎるという問題がある。
【0007】
前記の問題を解消するため、圧力容器内に水素吸蔵合金が充填され、かつ熱交換機能を有する水素吸蔵用ユニットを、圧力容器の内面と水素吸蔵用ユニットの外面との間に空間を設けた状態で収容することが考えられる。この構成では、圧力容器の内圧を調整することで、圧力容器と水素吸蔵用ユニットとの間に貯蔵される水素量が調整され、圧力容器全体の重量当たりの水素貯蔵量を多くすることができる。
【0008】
しかし、圧力容器の内面と水素吸蔵用ユニットの外面との間に空間を設けた状態で水素吸蔵用ユニットを収容すると、水素吸蔵用ユニット片持ち状態あるいは、図4に示すように水素吸蔵用ユニットをその両端で支持する構成となる。しかし、水素吸蔵用ユニットをその端部だけで支持する構成では、支持部に大きな力が加わるため、支持部を頑丈に製作する必要があり、水素貯蔵タンクの軽量化が難しくなる。水素貯蔵タンクを自動車の水素源として使用する場合は、振動の影響を考慮する必要があり、支持部をより頑丈に製作する必要があるため軽量化がより難しくなる。
【0009】
水素吸蔵用ユニットの中間部を、特許文献1に記載のように点状又は線状に接触する支持部で支持した場合は、MHの膨張時に圧力容器に応力集中が生じる虞がある。また、図4に示す構成では、圧力容器51の内面と収納ケース52の外面との間に断熱材54を充填した構成では断熱材54はあくまで断熱を目的としており収納ケース52の支持に関しては考慮されていない。支持機能を持たせるためにグラスウールの量を多くすると、空間に充填される水素の量が少なくなり、軽量化と水素貯蔵量の確保とを両立させるのが難しい。
【0010】
本発明は前記従来の問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、軽量化と貯蔵ガス量の確保とを両立させることができる圧力容器を提供することにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の目的を達成するため、請求項1に記載の発明は、内部に熱交換機能を有する組立品が収容されている筒状の圧力容器である。前記組立品は、その長手方向の中間部において、前記圧力容器の容器本体内面と、前記組立品の外面との間に両者に接触した状態で介在されるとともに連続気孔を有する金属多孔体製の支持部材を介して支持されている。
【0012】
この発明では、組立品の重量は、組立品を片持ち状態あるいは両持ち状態で容器本体に支持する支持部だけでなく、組立品の中間部において容器本体との間に両者に接触した状態で介在する支持部材にも分散されて加わる。従って、支持部をさほど頑丈に形成する必要はない。支持部材は連続気孔を有する金属多孔体製のため、組立品と容器本体との間の空間に存在するガスの圧力が高くなっても、その圧力によっては変形することはない。そして、組立品が膨張した場合、その膨張力が支持部材を介して容器本体に作用するが、膨張力により支持部材が変形する(撓む)ことにより、容器本体への応力が緩和される。従って、容器本体の強度を従来より高めなくても、組立品の膨張に対応できる。また、支持部材は連続気孔を有する多孔体製のため、支持部材の見かけ上の体積が大きくても、気体の収容空間を十分確保できる。従って、圧力容器の軽量化と貯蔵ガス量の確保とを両立させることができる。
【0013】
請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の発明において、前記支持部材は環状に形成され、前記組立品の周方向全体にわたって接触している。従って、この発明では、圧力容器に径方向の振動が加わっても、組立品が良好に支持される。
【0014】
請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の発明において、前記組立品は、水素吸蔵物質が充填された水素吸蔵用ユニットである。この発明では、圧力容器を水素貯蔵タンクとして好適に使用できる。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を圧力容器としての水素貯蔵タンク(以下、単に水素タンクと称す)に具体化した一実施の形態を図1及び図2に従って説明する。図1は、水素タンクの模式断面図、図2は図1のA−A線における模式断面図である。
【0016】
図1に示すように、水素タンク11は、筒状(この実施の形態では円筒状)の容器本体12内に、熱交換機能を有する組立品としての水素吸蔵用ユニット13が収容されている。
【0017】
容器本体12は、細長い中空状のライナ14と、ライナ14の外面の略全域を覆う繊維強化樹脂層15とを備えている。ライナ14は例えばアルミニウム合金を材質とし、水素タンク11の気密性を確保している。ライナ14は円筒状の胴部14aと、その両端に形成されたドーム部14bとを備えている。ライナ14は一端側が分割式となっており、水素吸蔵用ユニット13を挿入可能な開口部16が形成されるとともに、開口部16を覆う蓋部17を備えている。ライナ14の他端側には水素の導入、排出用の気体通路用開口部18が設けられている。なお、図1における左側を水素タンク11の一端側とし、右側を他端側とする。
【0018】
繊維強化樹脂層15は、この実施の形態では炭素繊維を強化繊維としたCFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics)で構成され、水素タンク11の耐圧性(機械的強度)を確保している。繊維強化樹脂層15は、樹脂(例えば不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等)が含浸された炭素繊維束を、ヘリカル巻層及びフープ巻層を有するようにライナ14に巻き付け、樹脂を熱硬化することによって形成されている。
【0019】
水素吸蔵用ユニット13は蓋部17に組み付けられている。水素吸蔵用ユニット13は、水素タンク11の軸方向(図1の左右方向)に延び、先端側で折り返されたパイプからなる熱媒管19を備えている。熱媒管19には略円板状のフィン20が軸方向に等間隔に複数固着されている。熱媒管19及びフィン20により熱交換器が構成されている。フィン20の間には水素吸蔵物質としての粉末状のMH(図示せず)がフィン20と接触する状態で収容されている。MHは水素タンク11内の水素の充填量を多くする機能があり、大気中に比べて数百〜1000倍の水素充填を可能にする。フィン20の径方向端部には全てのフィン20を覆う状態で、MHの通過を阻止し水素を透過可能なフィルタ13a(破線で図示)が設けられている。水素吸蔵用ユニット13はその外周面と、ライナ14の内周面との間に空間が存在するように外径が設定されている。
【0020】
蓋部17は開口部16に嵌挿される凸部21と、凸部21より大径のフランジ部22とを備えている。凸部21は円柱状に形成され、その周面と、開口部16の周面との間に、ライナ14の分割部分のシール性(気密性)を確保するためのシールリングが介装されている。蓋部17には通路17a,17bが形成され、通路17a,17bには図示しない熱媒供給部に連通するパイプが接続され、熱媒管19には熱媒供給部から熱媒としての水(冷水又は加熱水)が供給可能に構成されている。この実施の形態では通路17aが上流側、通路17bが下流側となっている。
【0021】
凸部21の端面には凹部21aが形成され、水素吸蔵用ユニット13は基端が凹部21aに嵌合され、かつ熱媒管19の両端部が蓋部17に形成された通路17a,17bに嵌合固定された状態で、蓋部17に組み付けられている。従って、通路17aから熱媒管19に加熱水が供給されると水素吸蔵用ユニット13を構成するMHが加熱され、通路17aから熱媒管19に冷水が供給されるとMHが冷却されるようになっている。
【0022】
気体通路用開口部18にはバルブ23が螺合されている。バルブ23はレギュレータを内蔵するとともに、水素タンク11の使用状態が水素放出状態と水素充填状態とに切換可能となっている。水素放出状態とは、水素タンク11内の水素がバルブ23を介して外部へ放出可能、かつ外部から水素タンク11内への水素の供給が不能な状態を意味する。また、水素充填状態とは、水素タンク11内の水素をバルブ23を介して外部へ放出不能、かつ外部から水素タンク11内への水素の供給が可能な状態を意味する。バルブ23とライナ14の端面との間にはシールリング(図示せず)が介装されている。
【0023】
水素吸蔵用ユニット13は、その長手方向の中間部において、容器本体12内面と水素吸蔵用ユニット13の外面との間に両者に接触した状態で介在される支持部材24を介して容器本体12に支持されている。支持部材24は複数(この実施の形態では4個)設けられている。支持部材24は連続気孔を有する金属多孔体で構成されている。支持部材24は環状に形成され、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の周方向全体にわたって接触している。金属多孔体の気孔率は水素吸蔵用ユニット13の膨張時に金属多孔体が変形して容器本体12に掛かる応力を緩和して容器本体12に過大な力が作用するのを抑制できればよく、容器本体12の強度や体積、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の膨張量によっても最適値は異なるが、90%以上であれば十分である。金属多孔体として、例えば、市販のニッケル系金属多孔体(セルメット:住友電気工業株式会社製)を使用できる。
【0024】
次に前記のように構成された水素タンク11の製造方法を説明する。水素タンク11を製造する際は、先ずライナ加工工程において、ライナ14内の所定位置に支持部材24を配置した状態でライナ14の他端側の絞り加工が行われ、ライナ14内の所定位置に支持部材24が配置される。次にライナ14の熱処理が行われてライナ14が形成される。次に蓋部17に水素吸蔵用ユニット13を組み付け、その蓋部17をライナ14の開口部16を塞ぐように図示しないボルトにより組み付けて、内部に水素吸蔵用ユニット13が収容された状態のライナ14を準備する。
【0025】
このライナ14をフィラメントワインディング装置にセットして、フィラメントワインディングを行い、ライナ14の外面に樹脂含浸繊維束をヘリカル巻層及びフープ巻層が所定層数形成されるまで巻き付ける。フープ巻層は主にライナ14の胴部14aに形成される。次に、樹脂含浸繊維束が巻き付けられたライナ14をフィラメントワインディング装置から取り外し、加熱炉に入れて、樹脂を加熱硬化させる。次にバリ等の除去を行った後、気体通路用開口部18の雌ねじ部にバルブ23が螺合されて水素タンク11の製造が完了する。
【0026】
次に、前記のように構成された水素タンク11の作用を、燃料電池搭載電気自動車に使用する場合を例に説明する。
水素タンク11は通路17a,17bに熱媒供給部から供給される熱媒としての水(冷水又は加熱水)が流れるパイプが接続され、バルブ23が燃料電池に繋がるパイプ(図示せず)に接続された状態で使用される。容器本体12内には高圧状態で水素が充填されている。容器本体12内を高圧にするのは、水素吸蔵用ユニット13が占める以外の部分における水素の充填量を多くするためであり、例えば容器本体12内の圧力を25MPaとした場合には、容器本体12内が大気圧の場合と比較して約250倍の水素が充填可能となる。
【0027】
バルブ23が水素放出状態に保持された状態において燃料極で水素ガスが使用されると、バルブ23を介して水素タンク11から水素ガスが放出されて燃料極に供給される。水素タンク11内から水素ガスが放出されると、MHの水素吸蔵・放出反応が放出側へ移動してMHから水素ガスが放出される。水素の放出は吸熱反応であるので、水素の放出に必要な熱が熱媒により供給されないと、MHは自身の顕熱を消費して水素を放出するためその温度が低下する。MHの温度が低下すると水素放出の反応速度が低下する。しかし、水素放出時には通路17a、熱媒管19及び通路17bを加熱水が流れ、この加熱水によって熱媒管19及びフィン20を介してMHの温度降下が抑制され、水素放出の反応が円滑に進行する。MHから放出された水素はバルブ23を経て水素タンク11の外部へ放出され、燃料極へと供給される。
【0028】
水素が放出された水素タンク11に再び水素ガスを充填、即ちMHに水素ガスを吸蔵させる場合は、バルブ23を水素充填状態に切り換えてバルブ23から水素タンク11に水素ガスを供給する。水素タンク11内に供給された水素ガスは、MHと反応して水素化物となってMHに吸蔵される。水素の吸蔵反応は発熱反応であるので、水素の吸蔵反応で発生した熱を除去しないと吸蔵反応が円滑に進行しない。しかし、水素ガスを充填する際は、通路17a、熱媒管19及び通路17bを冷水が流れ、この冷水によって熱媒管19及びフィン20を介してMHの温度上昇が抑制され、水素ガスの吸蔵が効率よく行われる。
【0029】
水素吸蔵用ユニット13は熱媒管19の両端が17a,17bに嵌合された状態でライナ14に片持ち状態で支持されている。従って、支持部材24が存在しない状態では、熱媒管19の端部に大きな荷重が加わることになる。しかし、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の中間部を支持する支持部材24が存在するため、荷重が支持部材24にも分散されて加わる。従って、熱媒管19の支持部をさほど頑丈に形成する必要はない。
【0030】
支持部材24は連続気孔を有する金属多孔体製のため、水素吸蔵用ユニット13と容器本体12との間の空間に存在するガス(水素)の圧力が高くなっても、その圧力によっては変形することはない。一方、MHが膨張した場合、その膨張力が支持部材24を介して容器本体12に作用するが、膨張力により支持部材24が変形する(撓む)ことにより、容器本体12への応力が緩和される。従って、容器本体12の強度を従来より高めなくても、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の膨張に対応できる。また、支持部材24は連続気孔を有する多孔体製のため、支持部材24の見かけ上の体積が大きくても、気体の収容空間を十分確保できる。
【0031】
この実施の形態では以下の効果を有する。
(1) 水素タンク11の容器本体12内に収容された水素吸蔵用ユニット13は、その長手方向の中間部において、容器本体12の内面と、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の外面との間に介在される金属多孔体製の支持部材24を介して支持されている。従って、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の重量は、水素吸蔵用ユニット13を片持ち状態で容器本体12に支持する支持部としての蓋部17だけでなく、支持部材24にも分散されて加わるため、蓋部17をさほど頑丈に形成する必要はなく、軽量化を阻害しない。
【0032】
(2) 支持部材24は連続気孔を有する金属多孔体製のため、水素吸蔵用ユニット13と容器本体12との間の空間に存在するガスの圧力が高くなっても、その圧力によっては変形することはない。しかし、水素吸蔵用ユニット13が膨張した場合、その膨張力が支持部材24を介して容器本体12に作用するが、支持部材24が変形することにより、容器本体12への応力が緩和される。従って、容器本体12の強度を従来より高めなくても、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の膨張に対応できる。また、支持部材24は連続気孔を有する多孔体製のため、支持部材24の見かけ上の体積が大きくても、気体の収容空間を十分確保でき、水素タンク11の軽量化と貯蔵ガス量の確保とを両立させることができる。従って、水素タンク11として好適に使用できる。
【0033】
(3) 支持部材24は環状に形成され、水素吸蔵用ユニット13の周方向全体にわたって接触しているため、水素タンク11に径方向の振動が加わっても、水素吸蔵用ユニット13が良好に支持される。従って、自動車に搭載した場合等、水素タンク11に径方向の振動が加わる状態での使用においても、水素吸蔵用ユニット13が安定した状態で支持される。また、圧力容器を定置状態で使用する場合は、自動車に搭載して使用する場合と異なり、水素タンク11に径方向の振動が加わることは希のため、使用状態における下側にのみ支持部材24を設けてもよいが、その場合、水素タンク11の使用状態で下側となる位置に支持部材24を固定する必要がある。しかし、支持部材24が環状のため、支持部材24の固定に際してそのような配慮を行う必要がなく、組み付け作業が簡単になる。
【0034】
(4) 容器本体12を構成するライナ14のドーム部14bに水素吸蔵用ユニット13を挿入可能な開口部16が設けられ、水素吸蔵用ユニット13が蓋部17に一体に組み付けられている。従って、容器本体12内にその内面に接触する状態で配設される環状の支持部材24をライナ14の胴部14aの所定位置に配置した状態でライナの絞り加工をスピニング加工及び熱処理を行った後、水素吸蔵用ユニット13をライナ14内に挿入して組み付けることができる。従って、水素吸蔵用ユニット13に充填されたMHがライナの熱処理時に劣化する虞がない。
【0035】
(5) 容器本体12はライナ14と繊維強化樹脂層15との二重構造のため、全体を金属で構成した場合に比較して、軽量化を図ることができる。
(6) ライナ14の他端側に水素の導入、排出用の通路としての気体通路用開口部18が設けられているため、熱媒の供給及び排出と、水素の導入及び排出を同じ側から行う構成に比較して、構造が簡単になる。
【0036】
(7) バルブ23はレギュレータや水素の導入、排出の切換部を内蔵しているため、水素タンク11の外部にレギュレータ等を配設する必要がなく、水素タンク11を自動車に搭載する際に、設置スペースの確保が容易となる。
【0037】
なお、実施の形態は前記に限定されるものではなく、例えば、次のように具体化してもよい。
〇 支持部材24の形状は環状に限らず、円弧状の支持部材24を複数、周方向に沿って等間隔で配置してもよい。この場合も、水素タンク11に径方向の振動が加わっても、水素タンク11が良好に支持される。また、支持部材24が環状の場合は、ライナ14内に支持部材24を取り付けた後、ライナの絞り加工を行う必要があるが、円弧状の場合は、絞り加工の後に支持部材24を開口部16からライナ14内に挿入して取り付けることができる。
【0038】
〇 設置状態が決まっている水素タンク11では、図3に示すように、設置状態において下側となる位置に支持部材24を設けてもよい。支持部材24の形状は円弧状となる。この場合も、絞り加工の後に支持部材24をライナ14内に取り付けることができる。
【0039】
○ 水素吸蔵用ユニット13の形状はほぼ円柱状に限らず、例えば、断面多角形状であってもよい。熱媒管19に固着されるフィン20の形状を、四角形にすれば四角柱状となり、六角形とすれば六角柱状となる。
【0040】
○ 熱媒管19にフィン20を備えずに、単に熱媒を流す構成とし、フィルタ13aで囲まれた収容空間に、MH粉末を充填したり、水素吸蔵合金成形体を収容する構成としてもよい。
【0041】
○ 水素タンク11は燃料電池搭載電気自動車の水素源として搭載されて使用するものに限らず、例えば、水素エンジンの水素源やヒートポンプ等に適用してもよい。また、家庭用電源の燃料電池の水素源として使用してもよい。
【0042】
○ 圧力容器として水素を貯蔵する水素タンクに限らず、例えば窒素、圧縮天然ガス等の他のガスを貯蔵す圧力容器に適用してもよい。
○ 繊維強化樹脂の強化繊維は炭素繊維に限らず、ガラス繊維や炭化ケイ素系セラミック繊維やアラミド繊維等の一般に高弾性・高強度といわれるその他の繊維を強化繊維として使用してもよい。
【0043】
○ ライナ14の材質はアルミニウム合金に限らず、気密性を確保可能でアルミニウムと同程度の比重の金属や、金属に限らずポリアミド、高密度ポリエチレン等の合成樹脂であってもよい。
【0044】
〇 容器本体12はライナ14と繊維強化樹脂層15との複層構造に限らず、全体が金属製であってもよい。
以下の技術的思想(発明)は前記実施の形態から把握できる。
【0045】
(1) 請求項3に記載の発明において、前記圧力容器は水素を燃料とする自動車の燃料タンクとして使用される。
(2) 請求項1〜請求項3及び前記技術的思想(1)のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記圧力容器の容器本体は、中空状のライナと、該ライナの外面を覆う繊維強化樹脂層とを備え、前記ライナは一端側が開口部と蓋部とに分割されている。
【0046】
(3) 請求項1〜請求項3及び前記技術的思想(1),(2)のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、前記組立品は片持ち状態で前記圧力容器の容器本体に組み付けられ、熱媒管への熱媒の導入、排出が前記容器本体の一端側から行われる。
【0047】
(4) 前記技術的思想(3)に記載の発明において、前記容器本体の他端側に気体の導入、排出用の開口部が設けられている。
【0048】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳述したように、請求項1〜請求項3に記載の発明によれば、軽量化と貯蔵ガス量の確保とを両立させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】一実施の形態の水素貯蔵タンクの模式断面図。
【図2】図1のA−A断面図。
【図3】別の実施の形態の水素貯蔵タンクの模式断面図。
【図4】従来の圧力容器の模式断面図。
【符号の説明】
11…圧力容器としての水素タンク、12…容器本体、13…組立品としての水素吸蔵用ユニット、19…組立品を構成する熱媒管、20…同じくフィン、24…支持部材。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pressure vessel, and more particularly, to a pressure vessel in which an assembly having a heat exchange function is housed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Hydrogen energy is attracting attention as clean energy along with solar thermal energy. As a method of storing and transporting hydrogen, a hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs hydrogen under certain temperature and pressure conditions to form hydrides and releases hydrogen under different temperature and pressure conditions when necessary (Hereinafter referred to as MH) "has attracted attention. Research has been conducted on a hydrogen engine or a fuel cell electric vehicle that supplies hydrogen using MH, or a heat pump that uses heat generation and heat absorption when MH absorbs or releases hydrogen.
[0003]
In the pressure vessel (tank) filled with MH, a heat exchanger is built in the tank in order to smoothly absorb and release hydrogen by MH. (For example, see Patent Document 1). Patent Literature 1 discloses a pressure vessel in which a heat exchanger is surrounded by a heat-insulating case together with a hydrogen storage alloy, and the heat-insulating case is held by a support member that comes into contact with the inner surface of the pressure vessel in a dotted or linear manner. ing.
[0004]
Patent Document 1 also discloses a pressure vessel 51 having a configuration shown in FIG. In a pressure vessel 51 made of stainless steel, a storage case 52 having a large number of small holes 52a is provided, and a heat exchanger 53 is stored in the storage case 52 together with MH powder. A space between the inner surface of the pressure vessel 51 and the outer surface of the storage case 52 is filled with a heat-insulating material 54 such as glass wool. The heat exchanger 53 has a structure in which a plurality of fins 56 are provided in a heat medium pipe 55 through which a heat medium (heat medium) flows. The heat medium pipe 55 is supported by the pressure vessel 51 while penetrating both ends of the storage case 52 and the pressure vessel 51, so that the storage case 52 and the hydrogen storage alloy are transferred to the pressure vessel 51 via the heat medium pipe 55. Supported.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-249425 A (paragraph [0012] of the specification, FIG. 1)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When a hydrogen storage tank is mounted on a vehicle as a fuel supply source for a hydrogen engine or a fuel cell electric vehicle, it is important to reduce the weight of the hydrogen storage tank. When the pressure vessel is filled with MH, the amount of stored hydrogen at the same pressure and the same volume can be increased. However, since MH expands when hydrogen is absorbed, when the entire pressure vessel is filled with MH, the pressure of the MH expansion is directly applied to the pressure vessel. Therefore, the pressure vessel needs to have a strength that opposes both the internal pressure and the expansion force of the MH. Therefore, not only the weight increase of the MH but also the weight increase for increasing the strength of the pressure vessel, the entire pressure vessel is affected. There is a problem that the weight of the device becomes too heavy.
[0007]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a hydrogen storage alloy is filled in the pressure vessel, and a hydrogen storage unit having a heat exchange function is provided with a space between the inner surface of the pressure vessel and the outer surface of the hydrogen storage unit. It is conceivable to house it in a state. In this configuration, by adjusting the internal pressure of the pressure vessel, the amount of hydrogen stored between the pressure vessel and the hydrogen storage unit is adjusted, and the hydrogen storage amount per weight of the entire pressure vessel can be increased. .
[0008]
However, if the hydrogen storage unit is accommodated in a state where a space is provided between the inner surface of the pressure vessel and the outer surface of the hydrogen storage unit, the hydrogen storage unit is in a cantilevered state, or as shown in FIG. Is supported at both ends. However, in a configuration in which the hydrogen storage unit is supported only at its end, a large force is applied to the support, and it is necessary to manufacture the support firmly, and it is difficult to reduce the weight of the hydrogen storage tank. When the hydrogen storage tank is used as a hydrogen source for an automobile, it is necessary to consider the influence of vibration, and it is necessary to manufacture the support more robustly, so that it is more difficult to reduce the weight.
[0009]
When the intermediate portion of the hydrogen storage unit is supported by a supporting portion that contacts in a dotted or linear manner as described in Patent Literature 1, stress concentration may occur in the pressure vessel when the MH expands. Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 4, in the configuration in which the heat insulating material 54 is filled between the inner surface of the pressure vessel 51 and the outer surface of the storage case 52, the heat insulating material 54 is intended only for heat insulation, and the support of the storage case 52 is considered. It has not been. If the amount of glass wool is increased to provide a supporting function, the amount of hydrogen filled in the space decreases, and it is difficult to achieve both weight reduction and securing a hydrogen storage amount.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pressure vessel capable of achieving both reduction in weight and securing of a stored gas amount.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a cylindrical pressure vessel in which an assembly having a heat exchange function is housed. The assembly is formed of a porous metal body having continuous pores and being interposed between the inner surface of the container body of the pressure vessel and the outer surface of the assembly in the middle part in the longitudinal direction in a state of being in contact with both. It is supported via a support member.
[0012]
According to the present invention, the weight of the assembly is determined not only by the support portion that supports the assembly in the cantilevered state or in the double-supported state, but also by the state in which the assembly is in contact with the container body in the middle of the assembly. It is also dispersed and added to the intervening support members. Therefore, it is not necessary to form the support part so strongly. Since the support member is made of a porous metal body having continuous pores, even if the pressure of the gas existing in the space between the assembly and the container body increases, the gas does not deform due to the pressure. When the assembly expands, the expansion force acts on the container body via the support member, but the support member is deformed (bent) by the expansion force, so that the stress on the container body is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to cope with the expansion of the assembly without increasing the strength of the container body as compared with the conventional case. Further, since the support member is made of a porous body having continuous pores, a sufficient gas accommodation space can be ensured even if the apparent volume of the support member is large. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both the weight reduction of the pressure vessel and the securing of the stored gas amount.
[0013]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the support member is formed in an annular shape, and is in contact with the entire assembly in the circumferential direction. Therefore, according to the present invention, even when radial vibration is applied to the pressure vessel, the assembly is favorably supported.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the assembly is a hydrogen storage unit filled with a hydrogen storage substance. According to the present invention, the pressure vessel can be suitably used as a hydrogen storage tank.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a hydrogen storage tank as a pressure vessel (hereinafter, simply referred to as a hydrogen tank) will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a hydrogen tank, and FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen tank 11 contains a hydrogen storage unit 13 as an assembly having a heat exchange function in a cylindrical (cylindrical in this embodiment) container body 12.
[0017]
The container body 12 includes an elongated hollow liner 14 and a fiber-reinforced resin layer 15 covering substantially the entire outer surface of the liner 14. The liner 14 is made of, for example, an aluminum alloy to ensure airtightness of the hydrogen tank 11. The liner 14 has a cylindrical body portion 14a and dome portions 14b formed at both ends thereof. One end of the liner 14 is of a split type, has an opening 16 into which the hydrogen storage unit 13 can be inserted, and has a lid 17 that covers the opening 16. The other end of the liner 14 is provided with a gas passage opening 18 for introducing and discharging hydrogen. In addition, let the left side in FIG. 1 be the one end side of the hydrogen tank 11, and let the right side be the other end side.
[0018]
In this embodiment, the fiber-reinforced resin layer 15 is made of CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) using carbon fibers as reinforcing fibers, and ensures the pressure resistance (mechanical strength) of the hydrogen tank 11. The fiber-reinforced resin layer 15 is formed by winding a carbon fiber bundle impregnated with a resin (for example, an unsaturated polyester resin or an epoxy resin) around the liner 14 so as to have a helical winding layer and a hoop winding layer, and thermally curing the resin. Is formed by
[0019]
The hydrogen storage unit 13 is assembled to the lid 17. The hydrogen storage unit 13 includes a heat medium pipe 19 that extends in the axial direction of the hydrogen tank 11 (the left-right direction in FIG. 1) and is formed of a pipe that is folded at the tip end. A plurality of substantially disk-shaped fins 20 are fixed to the heat medium tube 19 at equal intervals in the axial direction. A heat exchanger is constituted by the heat medium tubes 19 and the fins 20. A powdered MH (not shown) as a hydrogen storage material is accommodated between the fins 20 so as to be in contact with the fins 20. The MH has a function of increasing the amount of hydrogen charged in the hydrogen tank 11, and enables several hundred to 1,000 times as much hydrogen as the atmosphere. A filter 13a (shown by a broken line) that blocks the passage of MH and allows hydrogen to pass therethrough is provided at a radial end of the fin 20 so as to cover all the fins 20. The outer diameter of the hydrogen storage unit 13 is set so that a space exists between the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the liner 14.
[0020]
The lid part 17 includes a convex part 21 fitted into the opening part 16 and a flange part 22 having a larger diameter than the convex part 21. The convex portion 21 is formed in a columnar shape, and a seal ring for securing the sealing performance (airtightness) of the divided portion of the liner 14 is interposed between the peripheral surface and the peripheral surface of the opening 16. I have. Passages 17a and 17b are formed in the lid portion 17, pipes communicating with a heat medium supply unit (not shown) are connected to the passages 17a and 17b, and water (water) as a heat medium from the heat medium supply unit is connected to the heat medium tube 19. (Cold water or heated water) can be supplied. In this embodiment, the passage 17a is on the upstream side, and the passage 17b is on the downstream side.
[0021]
A concave portion 21a is formed on the end surface of the convex portion 21. The hydrogen storage unit 13 has a base end fitted into the concave portion 21a and both ends of the heat medium pipe 19 formed in passages 17a and 17b formed in the lid portion 17. It is assembled to the lid 17 in a state of being fitted and fixed. Accordingly, when the heating water is supplied from the passage 17a to the heating medium tube 19, the MH constituting the hydrogen storage unit 13 is heated, and when the cold water is supplied from the passage 17a to the heating medium tube 19, the MH is cooled. It has become.
[0022]
A valve 23 is screwed into the gas passage opening 18. The valve 23 has a built-in regulator, and the use state of the hydrogen tank 11 can be switched between a hydrogen release state and a hydrogen filling state. The hydrogen release state refers to a state in which hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 11 can be released to the outside via the valve 23, and supply of hydrogen from the outside to the hydrogen tank 11 is not possible. Further, the hydrogen filling state refers to a state in which hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 11 cannot be released to the outside via the valve 23 and hydrogen can be supplied from the outside into the hydrogen tank 11. A seal ring (not shown) is interposed between the valve 23 and the end face of the liner 14.
[0023]
The hydrogen storage unit 13 is connected to the container main body 12 via a support member 24 interposed between the inner surface of the container main body 12 and the outer surface of the hydrogen storage unit 13 at a middle portion in the longitudinal direction thereof while being in contact with both. Supported. A plurality of support members 24 (four in this embodiment) are provided. The support member 24 is formed of a porous metal body having continuous pores. The support member 24 is formed in an annular shape and is in contact with the entire hydrogen storage unit 13 in the circumferential direction. The porosity of the porous metal body may be any value as long as the porous metal body is deformed when the hydrogen storage unit 13 expands and the stress applied to the container body 12 can be reduced to prevent an excessive force from acting on the container body 12. Although the optimum value differs depending on the strength and volume of the fuel cell 12 and the amount of expansion of the hydrogen storage unit 13, 90% or more is sufficient. As the metal porous body, for example, a commercially available nickel-based metal porous body (Celmet: manufactured by Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.) can be used.
[0024]
Next, a method of manufacturing the hydrogen tank 11 configured as described above will be described. When the hydrogen tank 11 is manufactured, first, in the liner processing step, the other end of the liner 14 is drawn in a state where the support member 24 is disposed at a predetermined position in the liner 14, A support member 24 is disposed. Next, heat treatment of the liner 14 is performed to form the liner 14. Next, the hydrogen storage unit 13 is assembled to the lid 17, and the lid 17 is assembled with a bolt (not shown) so as to cover the opening 16 of the liner 14. Prepare 14
[0025]
The liner 14 is set in a filament winding device and filament winding is performed, and the resin-impregnated fiber bundle is wound around the outer surface of the liner 14 until a predetermined number of helical winding layers and hoop winding layers are formed. The hoop winding layer is mainly formed on the body 14 a of the liner 14. Next, the liner 14 around which the resin-impregnated fiber bundle is wound is removed from the filament winding device, and placed in a heating furnace to heat and cure the resin. Next, after removing burrs and the like, the valve 23 is screwed into the female screw portion of the gas passage opening 18 to complete the manufacture of the hydrogen tank 11.
[0026]
Next, the operation of the hydrogen tank 11 configured as described above will be described by taking as an example a case in which the hydrogen tank 11 is used in an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell.
The hydrogen tank 11 is connected to a pipe through which water (cold water or heated water) as a heat medium supplied from the heat medium supply unit flows into the passages 17a and 17b, and the valve 23 is connected to a pipe (not shown) connected to the fuel cell. Used in the state that was done. The container body 12 is filled with hydrogen under high pressure. The reason why the pressure inside the container body 12 is set to a high pressure is to increase the amount of hydrogen filling in portions other than the portion occupied by the hydrogen storage unit 13. For example, when the pressure inside the container body 12 is set to 25 MPa, the container body Hydrogen can be charged about 250 times as compared with the case where the inside of the chamber 12 is at atmospheric pressure.
[0027]
When hydrogen gas is used at the fuel electrode while the valve 23 is kept in the hydrogen releasing state, hydrogen gas is released from the hydrogen tank 11 via the valve 23 and supplied to the fuel electrode. When hydrogen gas is released from the hydrogen tank 11, the hydrogen storage / release reaction of MH moves to the release side, and hydrogen gas is released from MH. Since the release of hydrogen is an endothermic reaction, the MH consumes its own sensible heat to release hydrogen if the heat required for releasing hydrogen is not supplied by the heat medium, so that the temperature decreases. As the temperature of the MH decreases, the reaction rate of hydrogen release decreases. However, at the time of releasing hydrogen, heating water flows through the passage 17a, the heating medium pipe 19, and the passage 17b, and the heating water suppresses the temperature drop of the MH through the heating medium pipe 19 and the fins 20, so that the reaction of hydrogen release is smooth. proceed. The hydrogen released from the MH is released to the outside of the hydrogen tank 11 via the valve 23, and is supplied to the fuel electrode.
[0028]
When the hydrogen tank 11 from which hydrogen has been released is filled with hydrogen gas again, that is, when the MH stores hydrogen gas, the valve 23 is switched to a hydrogen filled state and hydrogen gas is supplied from the valve 23 to the hydrogen tank 11. The hydrogen gas supplied into the hydrogen tank 11 reacts with the MH to form a hydride and is stored in the MH. Since the hydrogen storage reaction is an exothermic reaction, the storage reaction does not proceed smoothly unless the heat generated in the hydrogen storage reaction is removed. However, when hydrogen gas is charged, cold water flows through the passage 17a, the heat medium pipe 19, and the passage 17b, and the cold water suppresses a rise in the temperature of the MH via the heat medium pipe 19 and the fins 20, thereby occluding the hydrogen gas. Is performed efficiently.
[0029]
The hydrogen storage unit 13 is supported by the liner 14 in a cantilever state with both ends of the heat medium pipe 19 fitted into 17a and 17b. Therefore, when the support member 24 is not present, a large load is applied to the end of the heat medium pipe 19. However, since the support member 24 that supports the intermediate portion of the hydrogen storage unit 13 exists, the load is also distributed and applied to the support member 24. Therefore, it is not necessary to form the supporting portion of the heat medium tube 19 so strongly.
[0030]
Since the support member 24 is made of a porous metal body having continuous pores, even if the pressure of the gas (hydrogen) existing in the space between the hydrogen storage unit 13 and the container body 12 increases, the support member 24 is deformed by the pressure. Never. On the other hand, when the MH expands, the expansion force acts on the container body 12 via the support member 24, but the support member 24 is deformed (bent) by the expansion force, so that the stress on the container body 12 is reduced. Is done. Therefore, it is possible to cope with the expansion of the hydrogen storage unit 13 without increasing the strength of the container body 12 as compared with the conventional case. Further, since the support member 24 is made of a porous body having continuous pores, a sufficient gas accommodation space can be ensured even if the apparent volume of the support member 24 is large.
[0031]
This embodiment has the following effects.
(1) The hydrogen storage unit 13 accommodated in the container main body 12 of the hydrogen tank 11 is interposed between the inner surface of the container main body 12 and the outer surface of the hydrogen storage unit 13 at an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction. Supported by a support member 24 made of a porous metal body. Therefore, the weight of the hydrogen storage unit 13 is dispersed and added to the support member 24 as well as to the lid 17 as a support for supporting the hydrogen storage unit 13 in the cantilevered state on the container body 12. The portion 17 does not need to be formed so strong, and does not hinder weight reduction.
[0032]
(2) Since the support member 24 is made of a porous metal body having continuous pores, even if the pressure of the gas existing in the space between the hydrogen storage unit 13 and the container body 12 increases, the gas is deformed depending on the pressure. Never. However, when the hydrogen storage unit 13 expands, the expansion force acts on the container body 12 via the support member 24, but the stress on the container body 12 is reduced by the deformation of the support member 24. Therefore, it is possible to cope with the expansion of the hydrogen storage unit 13 without increasing the strength of the container body 12 as compared with the conventional case. Further, since the support member 24 is made of a porous body having continuous pores, even if the apparent volume of the support member 24 is large, a sufficient gas accommodation space can be secured, and the weight of the hydrogen tank 11 is reduced and the amount of stored gas is secured. And can be compatible. Therefore, it can be suitably used as the hydrogen tank 11.
[0033]
(3) Since the support member 24 is formed in a ring shape and is in contact with the entire hydrogen storage unit 13 in the circumferential direction, the hydrogen storage unit 13 is favorably supported even when radial vibration is applied to the hydrogen tank 11. Is done. Therefore, the hydrogen storage unit 13 is supported in a stable state even when used in a state where radial vibration is applied to the hydrogen tank 11 such as when mounted on an automobile. Further, when the pressure vessel is used in a stationary state, unlike the case where the pressure vessel is used while mounted on a car, since radial vibration is rarely applied to the hydrogen tank 11, the support member 24 is provided only on the lower side in the use state. However, in this case, it is necessary to fix the support member 24 to a position below the hydrogen tank 11 in use. However, since the support member 24 is annular, there is no need to take such considerations when fixing the support member 24, and the assembling work is simplified.
[0034]
(4) An opening 16 into which the hydrogen storage unit 13 can be inserted is provided in the dome portion 14 b of the liner 14 that forms the container body 12, and the hydrogen storage unit 13 is integrally assembled to the lid 17. Therefore, in a state where the annular support member 24 disposed in the container body 12 in contact with the inner surface thereof is arranged at a predetermined position of the trunk portion 14a of the liner 14, the drawing process of the liner is performed by spinning and heat treatment. Thereafter, the hydrogen storage unit 13 can be inserted into the liner 14 and assembled. Therefore, there is no possibility that the MH charged in the hydrogen storage unit 13 is deteriorated during the heat treatment of the liner.
[0035]
(5) Since the container body 12 has a double structure of the liner 14 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 15, the weight can be reduced as compared with the case where the whole is made of metal.
(6) Since the gas passage opening 18 as a passage for introducing and discharging hydrogen is provided at the other end of the liner 14, the supply and discharge of the heating medium and the introduction and discharge of hydrogen are performed from the same side. The structure is simplified as compared with the configuration to be performed.
[0036]
(7) Since the valve 23 has a built-in regulator and a switching unit for introducing and discharging hydrogen, there is no need to dispose a regulator or the like outside the hydrogen tank 11, and when the hydrogen tank 11 is mounted on an automobile, Installation space can be easily secured.
[0037]
The embodiment is not limited to the above, and may be embodied as follows, for example.
The shape of the support member 24 is not limited to an annular shape, and a plurality of arc-shaped support members 24 may be arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Also in this case, even if radial vibration is applied to the hydrogen tank 11, the hydrogen tank 11 is favorably supported. When the support member 24 is annular, the liner 14 needs to be drawn after the support member 24 is mounted in the liner 14. However, when the support member 24 is arc-shaped, the support member 24 is opened after the drawing. 16 and can be inserted into the liner 14 and attached.
[0038]
In the hydrogen tank 11 whose installation state is determined, as shown in FIG. 3, the support member 24 may be provided at a lower position in the installation state. The support member 24 has an arc shape. Also in this case, the support member 24 can be mounted in the liner 14 after drawing.
[0039]
The shape of the hydrogen storage unit 13 is not limited to a substantially columnar shape, and may be, for example, a polygonal cross section. If the shape of the fins 20 fixed to the heat medium pipe 19 is a quadrangle, it becomes a quadrangular prismatic shape, and if it is a hexagonal shape, it becomes a hexagonal prismatic shape.
[0040]
The heat medium pipe 19 may not be provided with the fins 20 but simply flow the heat medium, and the housing space surrounded by the filter 13a may be filled with MH powder or the hydrogen storage alloy molded body may be housed. .
[0041]
The hydrogen tank 11 is not limited to a hydrogen tank mounted and used as a hydrogen source of an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell. For example, the hydrogen tank 11 may be applied to a hydrogen source of a hydrogen engine or a heat pump. Further, it may be used as a hydrogen source for a fuel cell of a home power supply.
[0042]
The pressure vessel is not limited to a hydrogen tank that stores hydrogen, but may be applied to a pressure vessel that stores another gas such as nitrogen or compressed natural gas.
The reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin are not limited to carbon fibers, and other fibers generally referred to as having high elasticity and high strength, such as glass fibers, silicon carbide ceramic fibers, and aramid fibers, may be used as the reinforcing fibers.
[0043]
The material of the liner 14 is not limited to an aluminum alloy, but may be a metal that can secure airtightness and has a specific gravity similar to that of aluminum, or a synthetic resin such as polyamide or high-density polyethylene without being limited to metal.
[0044]
容器 The container body 12 is not limited to the multilayer structure of the liner 14 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 15, but may be entirely made of metal.
The following technical idea (invention) can be understood from the above embodiment.
[0045]
(1) In the invention described in claim 3, the pressure vessel is used as a fuel tank of an automobile using hydrogen as a fuel.
(2) In the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and the technical idea (1), the container main body of the pressure vessel has a hollow liner and a fiber covering an outer surface of the liner. The liner has one end divided into an opening and a lid.
[0046]
(3) In the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3 and the technical ideas (1) and (2), the assembly is assembled to the container body of the pressure container in a cantilever state. The introduction and discharge of the heat medium to and from the heat medium pipe are performed from one end of the container body.
[0047]
(4) In the invention described in the technical concept (3), an opening for introducing and discharging gas is provided at the other end of the container body.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, it is possible to achieve both reduction in weight and securing of the amount of stored gas.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a hydrogen storage tank according to one embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a hydrogen storage tank according to another embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional pressure vessel.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference numeral 11 denotes a hydrogen tank as a pressure vessel, 12 a container body, 13 a hydrogen storage unit as an assembly, 19 a heat medium pipe constituting the assembly, 20 fins, and 24 a support member.

Claims (3)

内部に熱交換機能を有する組立品が収容されている筒状の圧力容器であって、
前記組立品は、その長手方向の中間部において、前記圧力容器の容器本体内面と、前記組立品の外面との間に両者に接触した状態で介在されるとともに連続気孔を有する金属多孔体製の支持部材を介して支持されている圧力容器。
A cylindrical pressure vessel in which an assembly having a heat exchange function is housed,
The assembly is formed of a porous metal body having continuous pores while being interposed between the inner surface of the container body of the pressure vessel and the outer surface of the assembly in the middle part in the longitudinal direction in a state of being in contact with both. A pressure vessel supported via a support member.
前記支持部材は環状に形成され、前記組立品の周方向全体にわたって接触している請求項1に記載の圧力容器。The pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein the support member is formed in an annular shape and is in contact with the entire assembly in the circumferential direction. 前記組立品は、水素吸蔵物質が充填された水素吸蔵用ユニットである請求項1又は請求項2に記載の圧力容器。3. The pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein the assembly is a hydrogen storage unit filled with a hydrogen storage substance.
JP2003130747A 2003-05-08 2003-05-08 Pressure vessel Expired - Fee Related JP4213512B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003130747A JP4213512B2 (en) 2003-05-08 2003-05-08 Pressure vessel
US10/841,279 US7152665B2 (en) 2003-05-08 2004-05-07 Pressure tank
US11/595,128 US7322398B2 (en) 2003-05-08 2006-11-09 Pressure tank
US11/981,145 US20080066887A1 (en) 2003-05-08 2007-10-30 Pressure tank

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012252960A (en) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-20 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell system
JP2013015174A (en) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-24 Kyb Co Ltd Hydrogen storage vessel
WO2015098438A1 (en) * 2013-12-24 2015-07-02 カヤバ工業株式会社 Heat exchanger and hydrogen storage device

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5686400B2 (en) * 2010-03-12 2015-03-18 日特エンジニアリング株式会社 Pallet transport device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012252960A (en) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-20 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell system
JP2013015174A (en) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-24 Kyb Co Ltd Hydrogen storage vessel
KR101576754B1 (en) 2011-07-01 2015-12-10 케이와이비 가부시키가이샤 Hydrogen storage vessel
WO2015098438A1 (en) * 2013-12-24 2015-07-02 カヤバ工業株式会社 Heat exchanger and hydrogen storage device

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