JP2004331484A - Raw material for concrete - Google Patents

Raw material for concrete Download PDF

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JP2004331484A
JP2004331484A JP2003133195A JP2003133195A JP2004331484A JP 2004331484 A JP2004331484 A JP 2004331484A JP 2003133195 A JP2003133195 A JP 2003133195A JP 2003133195 A JP2003133195 A JP 2003133195A JP 2004331484 A JP2004331484 A JP 2004331484A
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Prior art keywords
alc
concrete
raw material
spray
grains
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Iwao Inudo
巌 犬童
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a raw material for concrete and a spray material, which can be obtained by reusing an ALC (lightweight foamed concrete), having been treated as an industrial waste, without treating it as a waste, and from which a concrete body having excellent heat insulating property or deodorizing property can be produced. <P>SOLUTION: ALC grains 7 having grain sizes of ≤9 mm are obtained by crushing an ALC waste material 1 with a crusher 3, further crushing the crushed waste material into small chips with a rolling roller crusher 4, removing internal reinforcing steel 1a, further pulverizing the small chips into small grains with a crushing hopper 5, and classifying the grains with a classifying machine 6. The spray material 17 is obtained by feeding 97 kg ALC grains 7, 100 kg blast furnace cement of grade B, 10 kg artificial zeolite 9, 0.8 kg concrete foaming material 10, and 130 kg water 11 into a mixing and force-feeding machine 12 and kneading the mixture. The spray material 17 is sent to a spray nozzle 14 together with a foaming material 13 and sprayed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建材として使用されているALC(高温高圧で蒸気養生された軽量気泡コンクリート体)を利用して断熱性・脱臭性があり空気浄化力を有するコンクリート体(コンクリート部材・コンクリート壁・コンクリートブロック)を製造・構築するためのコンクリート原料であって、壁面に吹付けて断熱層・空気浄化層を形成できる吹付材として有用である。又、ALCの廃棄処理、再利用技術でもある。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、建材として使用されたALC(ALC板,ALC層,ALCボード等)の使用後の廃棄材又はALC製造で発生する残材は、産業廃棄物であって特別な廃棄処理を必要としていた。その再利用もなされていなかった。
又、通常のコンクリートの原料のポルトランドセメントと骨材との混合のコンクリート原料は、高い断熱性はなく、又空気浄化する機能はなかった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、従来産業廃棄物として廃棄処理されてきたALCを廃棄処理せずに再利用でき、しかも断熱性・脱臭性に優れたコンクリート体を構築できるコンクリート原料・吹付材を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる課題を解決した本発明の構成は、
1) ALCの破砕粒と,セメントと,ゼオライトと,コンクリート起泡剤とを混合したことを特徴とするコンクリート原料
2) セメントを100重量部に対し、ALCの破砕粒を50〜150重量部,ゼオライトを6.7〜50重量部の割合で混合した前記1)記載のコンクリート原料
3) ゼオライトが人工ゼオライトである前記1)又は2)記載のコンクリート原料
4) セメントが、高炉セメントである前記1)〜3)いずれか記載のコンクリート原料
5) ALCの破砕粒が9mm以下の大きさである前記1)〜4)いずれか記載のコンクリート原料
6) 前記1)〜5)いずれか記載のコンクリート原料を主原料とする吹付材
にある。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のコンクリート原料のゼオライトとしては、天然ゼオライトと,化学的に合成される合成ゼオライトと,火力発電所等から発生する石炭灰又は下水スラッジの焼却灰を熱アルカリ処理して陽イオンを担持させて生成される人工ゼオライトのタイプがあり、人工ゼオライトもナトリウム,カルシウム,マグネシウム,カリウム,鉄等の陽イオンの種類による違いの型がある。本発明の人工ゼオライトはそのコンクリート体、吹付層の用途・目的に応じて選択する。空気浄化にはカルシウム型が好ましい。ゼオライトは陽イオン交換機能,触媒活性機能があり、ガス吸着力・ガス分解力・浄化力がある。
本発明のALC自体も多孔質で断熱性・耐火性・軽量性・遮音性の特性を有している。ALC廃材は、ALCの製造工程で発生した建材,建設現場で発生した残材,ALCを用いた建築物の解体で発生する建物処分材があり、表面仕上げのない廃材と表面に仕上材等が付着している廃材がある。
ALC破砕粒の大きさは、15mm以下が実用的で9mm以下が好ましい。特に吹付材とするときは、3mm以下の粒径のものを使用するのがよい。粒径が大きい場合吹付ノズル、ホース途中で目詰まりを起こし易くなる。
又本発明のALC破砕粒と、セメントとゼオライトとの重量割合は、セメント100重量部に対しALC破砕粒を50〜150重量部、ゼオライトを6.7〜50重量部、及び微量のコンクリート起泡材を0.5〜1.1重量部の混合比率が実用的であり、これらの範囲外でALC破砕粒が少ないと、ALCの効果(廃材利用率,ALC由来の断熱性・空気浄化力)が低くなり、多すぎると強度が低下する。ゼオライトもこの範囲より少ないとゼオライトの機能が不足し、多いと強度が低下する。
【0006】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。
本実施例は、吹付材として使用する例であり、その材料の配合比率は下記の表1の通りであり、その製造工程を図1に示している。
【0007】
図1は、実施例の材料のALC破砕粒の製造工程を示す説明図である。
図2は、実施例の吹付材の製造と吹付を示す説明図である。
【0008】
図中、1はALC廃材,1aはALC廃材中の鉄筋,2はALC廃材1が大きく破砕されたALC破砕片,3は破砕するための開閉する破砕刃を有する破砕機,4はALC破砕片を加圧して小さく砕く圧延ローラ破砕機,5は破砕ホッパー,6は15mm篩目の篩分級機,6aは分級ドラム,6bはコンベヤ,6c,6dは篩下回収箱,6eは篩上回収箱,7は9mm以下の篩下のALC破砕粒,8は高炉セメントB種,9はカルシウム型人工ゼオライト,10はコンクリート起泡材(商標名:ファインフォーム606),11は水,12は混合圧送機,13は起泡材,14は吹付ノズル,15は圧送ホース,16は吹付ノズルの手動調整レバー,17は実施例の吹付材、18は型枠,19はコンクリートブロックである。
【0009】
【表1】

Figure 2004331484
【0010】
この実施例の吹付材17は、厚みが50〜100mm程の大きいALC廃材1(図1(a)参照)を破砕片を有する破砕機3によって、ある程度まで小さくし、更に圧延ローラ破砕機4によって更に小さくし、内部の鉄筋1aを除去する(図1(b)参照)。ある程度小さく破砕されたALC破砕片2は破砕ホッパー5に投入され、更に小さく破砕される。破砕されたALC破砕片2はコンベヤ6bで篩分級機6の分級ドラム6aに送られ、同分級ドラム6aによって篩分けされる。篩目9mm以下の粉状のALC粒7と、15mm〜9mmの粒径のALC破砕片2と、15mm以上のALC破砕片2とに分級し、それぞれ篩下回収箱6c,6d,篩上回収箱6eによって貯える。篩上回収箱6eのALC破砕片2及び篩下回収箱6dの9mm以上のALC破砕片2は再度破砕ホッパー5に投入され、9mm以下の粒径のALC粒7とする(図1(c)参照)。
【0011】
次に、このようにして製造された9mm以下のALC破砕粒7と,高炉セメントB種8と,人工ゼオライト9(石炭灰等を熱アルカリ処理して陽イオンを担持させたもの)と,コンクリート起泡材10と,水11とを下記表1の配合比率で混合圧送機12に投入して、混練して吹付材17とし、これを吹付ノズル14へ起泡材13と併せて送り込んで、吹付ノズル14から吹出して吹付面を形成させるものである(図2参照)。
又は、表1の配合比率で混合されたコンクリート原料を型枠18内に流し込んで断熱性で調湿性があるコンクリート壁,又はコンクリートブロック19を製作できる。
【0012】
上記型枠18に入れてコンクリート板の試験片を作成し、強度,熱伝導率,脱臭性を試験した。その結果本実施品の試験片の熱伝導率は、0.2247(W/m・k)、熱抵抗値は0.178(mk/W)t40m/mとなり、ポルトランドセメントと砂のコンクリートの約6倍の断熱性が認められ、又結露が少なくなった。又人工ゼオライトとALC破砕粒によってホルムアルデヒド等の有害ガスの吸着し、調湿力も認められた。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
このように、本発明のALC破砕粒を含んだコンクリート原料,吹付材を用いたコンクリート層,コンクリート体は、断熱性が良好で通常のコンクリートの約6倍程の断熱性があり、結露もなくし、しかも多孔質であって調湿性があり、更にホルムアルデヒド等の有害ガスの吸着力もあるという優れた建材を提供できる。又ALC廃材の廃棄処理をしないで再利用できるという効果もある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例の材料のALC破砕粒の製造工程を示す説明図である。
【図2】実施例の吹付材の製造と吹付を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ALC廃材
1a 鉄筋
2 ALC破砕片
3 破砕機
4 圧延ローラ破砕機
5 破砕ホッパー
6 篩分級機
6a 分級ドラム
6b コンベヤ
6c 篩下回収箱
6d 篩下回収箱
6e 篩上回収箱
7 ALC破砕粒
8 高炉セメントB種
9 人工ゼオライト
10 コンクリート起泡材
11 水
12 混合圧送機
13 起泡材
14 吹付ノズル
15 圧送ホース
16 手動調整レバー
17 吹付材
18 型枠
19 コンクリートブロック[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a concrete body (concrete member, concrete wall, concrete) having heat insulation, deodorizing properties, and air purifying ability by using ALC (lightweight aerated concrete body steam-cured at high temperature and high pressure) used as a building material. It is a concrete raw material for producing and constructing a block), and is useful as a spray material that can be sprayed on a wall surface to form a heat insulating layer and an air purification layer. It is also an ALC disposal and reuse technology.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, waste materials after use of ALC (ALC plates, ALC layers, ALC boards, etc.) used as building materials or residual materials generated in ALC production are industrial wastes, which require special disposal treatment. It had not been reused.
Moreover, the concrete raw material obtained by mixing Portland cement, which is a usual raw material for concrete, with aggregate has no high heat insulating property and has no function of purifying air.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A problem to be solved by the present invention is that a concrete raw material and a spray material that can recycle ALC that has been conventionally discarded as industrial waste without discarding it and can construct a concrete body having excellent heat insulation and deodorization properties. Is to provide.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The configuration of the present invention that has solved such a problem includes:
1) Concrete raw material characterized by mixing crushed particles of ALC, cement, zeolite and concrete foaming agent 2) 50 to 150 parts by weight of crushed particles of ALC per 100 parts by weight of cement The concrete raw material according to 1), wherein zeolite is mixed in a ratio of 6.7 to 50 parts by weight; 3) the concrete raw material according to 1) or 2), wherein the zeolite is an artificial zeolite; 4) the cement raw material according to 1), wherein the cement is blast furnace cement. 5) The concrete raw material according to any one of the above 1) to 4), wherein the crushed particles of the ALC have a size of 9 mm or less. 6) The concrete raw material according to any one of the above 1) to 5). Is a spray material mainly used as a raw material.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
As the concrete raw material zeolite of the present invention, natural zeolites, chemically synthesized synthetic zeolites, and coal ash generated from a thermal power plant or the incineration ash of sewage sludge are subjected to thermal alkali treatment to carry cations. There is a type of artificial zeolite that is produced by the process, and the type of artificial zeolite also differs depending on the type of cation such as sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and iron. The artificial zeolite of the present invention is selected according to the use and purpose of the concrete body and spray layer. Calcium type is preferred for air purification. Zeolite has a cation exchange function and a catalytic activity function, and has gas adsorption power, gas decomposition power, and purification power.
The ALC itself of the present invention is also porous and has properties of heat insulation, fire resistance, light weight, and sound insulation. ALC waste materials include building materials generated during the ALC manufacturing process, residual materials generated at construction sites, and building disposal materials generated during the dismantling of buildings using ALC, and waste materials without surface finish and finishing materials on the surface. There is waste material attached.
The size of the crushed ALC particles is practically 15 mm or less, and preferably 9 mm or less. In particular, when a spray material is used, it is preferable to use one having a particle size of 3 mm or less. If the particle size is large, clogging tends to occur in the spray nozzle and the hose.
The weight ratio of the crushed ALC particles of the present invention to the cement and the zeolite is 50 to 150 parts by weight of the ALC crushed particles, 6.7 to 50 parts by weight of the zeolite, and a small amount of foamed concrete with respect to 100 parts by weight of the cement. A mixing ratio of 0.5 to 1.1 parts by weight of the material is practical, and if the ALC crushed particles are small outside these ranges, the effect of ALC (waste material utilization rate, heat insulation and air purification power derived from ALC) Is low, and if too large, the strength is reduced. If the amount of zeolite is smaller than this range, the function of zeolite is insufficient, and if it is larger, the strength is reduced.
[0006]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples.
The present embodiment is an example of use as a spray material, and the compounding ratio of the material is as shown in Table 1 below, and the manufacturing process is shown in FIG.
[0007]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a process for producing ALC crushed particles of the material of the example.
Drawing 2 is an explanatory view showing manufacture and spraying of a spray material of an example.
[0008]
In the figure, 1 is ALC waste material, 1a is a reinforcing bar in the ALC waste material, 2 is an ALC crushed piece in which the ALC waste 1 is largely crushed, 3 is a crusher having a crushing blade that opens and closes for crushing, 4 is an ALC crushed piece. Roller crusher for crushing into small pieces by pressing, 5 is a crushing hopper, 6 is a 15 mm sieve sieve classifier, 6a is a classification drum, 6b is a conveyor, 6c and 6d are under-sieve collection boxes, and 6e is an on-screen collection box. , 7 are ALC crushed granules under a sieve of 9 mm or less, 8 is blast furnace cement B, 9 is calcium-type artificial zeolite, 10 is foaming material for concrete (trade name: fine form 606), 11 is water, and 12 is mixed pressure feed. The machine, 13 is a foaming material, 14 is a spray nozzle, 15 is a pressure feeding hose, 16 is a manual adjustment lever of the spray nozzle, 17 is a spray material of the embodiment, 18 is a mold, and 19 is a concrete block.
[0009]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004331484
[0010]
The spray material 17 of this embodiment reduces the ALC waste material 1 (see FIG. 1 (a)) having a large thickness of about 50 to 100 mm to a certain extent by a crusher 3 having crushed pieces, and further by a rolling roller crusher 4. The size is further reduced, and the internal reinforcing bar 1a is removed (see FIG. 1B). The ALC crushed pieces 2 which have been crushed to some extent are put into a crushing hopper 5 and further crushed. The crushed ALC crushed pieces 2 are sent to a classification drum 6a of a sieve classifier 6 by a conveyor 6b, and are sieved by the same classification drum 6a. ALC particles 7 having a mesh size of 9 mm or less, ALC crushed pieces 2 having a particle size of 15 mm to 9 mm, and ALC crushed pieces 2 having a size of 15 mm or more are classified and collected under sieve collection boxes 6c, 6d and on-sieve, respectively. Store by box 6e. The ALC crushed pieces 2 in the on-sieve collection box 6e and the ALC crushed pieces 2 of 9 mm or more in the under-sieve collection box 6d are again put into the crushing hopper 5 to form ALC particles 7 having a particle size of 9 mm or less (FIG. 1 (c)). reference).
[0011]
Next, the ALC crushed particles 7 having a size of 9 mm or less, blast-furnace cement B type 8, artificial zeolite 9 (coal ash or the like subjected to hot alkali treatment to carry cations), concrete, The foaming material 10 and the water 11 are charged into the mixing and pumping machine 12 at the mixing ratio shown in Table 1 below, and kneaded to form a spraying material 17, which is sent to the spraying nozzle 14 together with the foaming material 13. The air is blown out from the spray nozzle 14 to form a spray surface (see FIG. 2).
Alternatively, concrete raw materials mixed at the mixing ratio shown in Table 1 can be poured into the formwork 18 to produce a concrete wall or a concrete block 19 having heat insulation and humidity control.
[0012]
A test piece of a concrete plate was placed in the mold 18 and tested for strength, thermal conductivity, and deodorization. As a result, the thermal conductivity of the test piece of this embodiment was 0.2247 (W / m · k), the thermal resistance was 0.178 (m 2 k / W) t40 m / m, and the portland cement and sand concrete were used. The heat insulating property of about 6 times that of the above was observed, and the condensation was reduced. In addition, harmful gases such as formaldehyde were adsorbed by the artificial zeolite and the crushed ALC particles, and the humidity control power was also recognized.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the concrete raw material containing the ALC crushed particles of the present invention, the concrete layer using the spraying material, and the concrete body have good heat insulating properties, have about 6 times the heat insulating properties of ordinary concrete, and have no condensation. In addition, it is possible to provide an excellent building material which is porous, has humidity control properties, and has a power of absorbing harmful gases such as formaldehyde. Also, there is an effect that the ALC waste material can be reused without being discarded.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a production process of ALC crushed particles of a material of an example.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing production and spraying of a spray material according to an embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ALC waste material 1a Rebar 2 ALC crushed piece 3 Crusher 4 Rolling roller crusher 5 Crushing hopper 6 Sieving classifier 6a Classification drum 6b Conveyor 6c Under-sieving collection box 6d Under-sieving collection box 6e On-sieving collection box 7 ALC crushing granule 8 Blast furnace Cement B type 9 Artificial zeolite 10 Concrete foaming material 11 Water 12 Mixing and pumping machine 13 Foaming material 14 Spray nozzle 15 Pumping hose 16 Manual adjustment lever 17 Spraying material 18 Formwork 19 Concrete block

Claims (6)

ALCの破砕粒と,セメントと,ゼオライトと,コンクリート起泡剤とを混合したことを特徴とするコンクリート原料。Concrete raw material characterized by mixing crushed particles of ALC, cement, zeolite, and concrete foaming agent. セメントを100重量部に対し、ALCの破砕粒を50〜150重量部,ゼオライトを6.7〜50重量部の割合で混合した請求項1記載のコンクリート原料。2. The concrete raw material according to claim 1, wherein 100 parts by weight of the cement is mixed with 50 to 150 parts by weight of crushed particles of ALC and 6.7 to 50 parts by weight of zeolite. ゼオライトが人工ゼオライトである請求項1又は2記載のコンクリート原料。3. The concrete raw material according to claim 1, wherein the zeolite is an artificial zeolite. セメントが、高炉セメントである請求項1〜3いずれか記載のコンクリート原料。The concrete raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cement is blast furnace cement. ALCの破砕粒が9mm以下の大きさである請求項1〜4いずれか記載のコンクリート原料。The concrete raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the crushed particles of ALC have a size of 9 mm or less. 請求項1〜5いずれか記載のコンクリート原料を主原料とする吹付材。A spray material comprising the concrete raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as a main raw material.
JP2003133195A 2003-05-12 2003-05-12 Raw material for concrete Pending JP2004331484A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008030991A (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-14 Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The Spray mortar mixed with composite recycled materials and slope protection construction method
KR101153906B1 (en) 2010-05-12 2012-06-18 주식회사 엔바이온 The fabrication of eco-friendly deodorizing panel for the removal of harmful gas

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008030991A (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-14 Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The Spray mortar mixed with composite recycled materials and slope protection construction method
KR101153906B1 (en) 2010-05-12 2012-06-18 주식회사 엔바이온 The fabrication of eco-friendly deodorizing panel for the removal of harmful gas

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