JP2004330808A - Cab reinforcement structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive cab reinforcement structure not limited to an installation space and not blocking an operator's field of view by absorbing energy of a force applied to a cab at the time of turning over of a working machine other than with deformation of the cab, restraining deformation of a cab body, and minimizing additional rigidity of the cab required for securing a space for the operator. <P>SOLUTION: A buffering means (K1) is interposed between a cab (10) mounted to a machine body frame (8) via an elastic supporting member (16) and the machine body frame (8), so as to elastically absorb separating displacement beyond a predetermined magnitude (L). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a driver's cab reinforcement structure, and more specifically, a driver's cab reinforcement structure that suppresses deformation and collapse of a driver's cab and protects an operator in a room when an external force acts on the driver's cab due to a fall of a work machine or the like. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A driver's cab provided in a work machine has a floor portion attached to a body frame via, for example, a viscous mount which is an elastic support member for vibration isolation (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this driver's cab installation structure, in the event that an external force acts due to, for example, the aircraft falling over, a force is exerted on the viscous mount to separate the operator's cab and the aircraft frame, and if this force is excessive, the viscous mount is damaged, The driver's cab collapses, and it becomes difficult to secure an operator's space in the cabin.
[0003]
As a countermeasure, for example, a reinforcing structure that limits the stroke of the viscous mount is added so that the viscous mount is not pulled or broken beyond its working range (for example, see Patent Document 2). In this mode, all the energy to collapse the cab is received by the structure of the cab, and even if a static load can be handled, the structure can be deformed or collapsed in the case of an impact load. Difficult to absorb energy.
[0004]
Therefore, in such a case, a cab guard formed so as to cover the entire cab is employed as the cab protection structure (for example, see Patent Document 3). However, since this cab protection structure is formed robustly so as to cover the entire cab separately from the cab and not to collapse, the cost is high and the layout of the fuselage for providing the installation space is difficult. In addition, there is a problem to be solved, such as poor visibility from the operator in the room.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-317850 (FIGS. 1 and 2)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2002-339406 (FIG. 4)
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2001-173017 A (FIG. 1)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned facts, and a technical problem of the present invention is to make it possible to absorb energy due to a force applied to a cab when the work machine falls over, even when the cab is not deformed. The present invention provides a cab reinforcement structure that suppresses deformation of the cab and minimizes the additional rigidity of the cab necessary for securing the space for the operator, and is inexpensive, not limited to the installation space, and does not hinder the operator's view. That is.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one buffering means is interposed between an operator's cab attached to a machine frame of a work machine via an elastic support member and the machine frame, and the machine cab is provided in the operator cab. When a force in the direction of separating from the frame acts and the displacement becomes a predetermined magnitude beyond the range of action of the elastic support member, the buffering means acts to elastically displace the displacement exceeding the predetermined magnitude. The driver's cab reinforcement structure is characterized in that the driver's cab is absorbed.
[0008]
When an excessive force acts on the driver's cab and the displacement exceeds the range of action of the elastic support member and reaches a predetermined size, the displacement is transmitted to the buffer means and the driver's cab is intended to collapse. A part or all of the energy is absorbed by the buffer means, so that the deformation of the cab body can be suppressed, the space for the operator can be secured, and the reinforcement of the cab rigidity can be minimized. Furthermore, since the structure can be made simpler than a conventional cab guard or the like, it is inexpensive, is not limited by the installation space, and does not obstruct the view of the operator.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the driver's cab reinforcing structure of the first aspect, the shock-absorbing means includes a tensile elastic member attached to one of the body frame and the cab, and the body frame or the operation body. A tension member attached to the other side of the chamber and engaged with the tension elastic member in the separating direction.
[0010]
Then, the tension elastic member and the tension member are engaged with each other to deform the tension elastic member, thereby elastically absorbing the displacement and absorbing energy for deforming the cab.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the driver's cab reinforcing structure according to the second aspect, the tension elastic member includes a tension coil spring, and one end of the tension member is inserted into the tension coil spring. The tension coil spring is formed so as to be engageable.
[0012]
The use of a tension coil spring constitutes an inexpensive and small-space buffer means.
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the driver's cab reinforcing structure according to the second or third aspect, the tension elastic member comes into contact with the mounting member of the tension elastic member when the tensile elastic member extends beyond its elastic limit. It is provided with the provided interference member.
[0014]
Then, large energy that cannot be absorbed only by the tensile elastic member is absorbed by contact with the interference member. The interference member can be appropriately set to a flexible structure or a rigid structure according to the amount of energy to be absorbed.
[0015]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the driver's cab reinforcing structure of the first aspect, the shock-absorbing means includes: a contact member attached to one of the body frame and the cab; A tension member attached to the other side of the chamber and having a facing portion that approaches the contact member as the separation displacement increases, and a compression elastic member interposed between the contact member and the facing portion. Is what it is.
[0016]
By compressively deforming the compression elastic member between the contact member and the tension member, the displacement is elastically absorbed, and the energy for deforming the cab is absorbed.
[0017]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the cab reinforcing structure of the fifth aspect, the compression elastic member is formed by a compression coil spring.
[0018]
Then, the tension member is passed through the compression coil spring to be disposed, thereby constituting an inexpensive and small-sized buffer means.
[0019]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the driver's cab reinforcing structure of the fifth aspect, the compression elastic member is formed by a cylindrical compression block.
[0020]
Then, the tension member is passed through and arranged in the cylindrical block, thereby constituting an inexpensive and small space buffer means.
[0021]
The invention described in claim 8 is the driver's cab reinforcing structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the elastic support member is connected to the body frame or the driver's cab via the tension member. It is.
[0022]
Then, by connecting the tension member of the buffer means to one side of the elastic support member interposed between the body frame and the operator's cab, the buffer means is compactly disposed at the installation portion of the elastic support member.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the driver's cab reinforcement structure configured according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment in a driver's cab of a hydraulic shovel, which is a typical work machine.
[0024]
The hydraulic excavator will be described with reference to FIG. A hydraulic excavator generally designated by reference numeral 2 includes a lower traveling body 4 and an upper revolving body 6 rotatably mounted on the lower traveling body 4, and a swing frame 8 of the upper revolving body 6 as a body frame includes: The driver's cab 10, a front working device 12 that protrudes in front of the driver's cab 10 and is freely mounted to swing vertically, and a rear body 14 that is disposed behind the driver's cab 10 and accommodates equipment such as an engine. Have.
[0025]
Regarding the mounting relationship between the driver's cab 10 and the swing frame 8, the driver's cab 10 and the swing frame 8 shown in a frame structure are shown in FIG. 2 when viewed from the inside of the fuselage. A description will be given with reference to FIG. 3 showing the embodiment.
[0026]
The cab 10 is configured such that pillars, panels, a roof and the like of the cab main body 10a are formed of steel members and are welded and joined. The operator's cab body 10a is mounted by bolts 18 to a floor plate 10b mounted on the swing frame 8 via a viscous mount 16 which is an elastic support member for vibration isolation. The floor plate 10b is formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape corresponding to the bottom shape of the cab main body 10a, and viscous mounts 16 are provided at least at four corners. The viscous mount 16 is well known, and is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-317850. An operator's seat (not shown) is provided on the floor plate 10b.
[0027]
A first embodiment of the cab reinforcement structure will be described with reference to FIG. Between the floor plate 10 b mounted on the swing frame 8 via the viscous mount 16 and the swing frame 8, a buffer means indicated by a reference numeral K 1 is interposed. As will be described in detail later, a force in a direction (upward direction in FIG. 3) that separates the driver's cab 10 from the swing frame 8 indicated by the arrow X acts on the driver's cab 10, and the displacement is caused by the action of the viscous mount 16. When it reaches a predetermined magnitude beyond the range, it acts to elastically absorb a displacement exceeding the predetermined magnitude. The viscous mount 16 has a main body case 16a attached to the swing frame 8, and a female thread 16b at the end on the driver's cab 10 side connected to a tension bar 22 of a buffer means K1 attached to the floor plate 10b.
[0028]
The buffer means K1 includes a tension coil spring 20 as a tension elastic member attached to the swing frame 8, and a tension member as a tension member attached to the floor plate 10b of the cab 10 and engaged with the spring 20 in the separating direction X. A bar 22 is provided.
[0029]
The spring 20 is formed by tightly winding a spring steel wire having a rectangular cross section, and has a lower end formed with a mounting plate 20a in the shape of a disc having a hole 20b having substantially the same size as the inner diameter of the spring. At the upper end, a locking plate 20c is formed in the shape of a disk having an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the spring and having a hole 20d for passing the bar 22a of the tension bar 22 in the center, and each is integrally joined. Have been.
[0030]
The pulling bar 22 is made of steel and has a round bar-shaped bar 22a, a disc-shaped stopper 22b provided at the lower end with a diameter larger than that of the bar 22a, and a female screw 16b of the viscous mount 16 formed at the front end of the lower end. And a male screw 22c that is screwed into the screw. The outer diameter of the stopper 22b is formed to a size that can be inserted into the inner diameter of the spring 20. The tension bar 22 protrudes upward from the locking plate 20c of the spring 20 when attached to the viscous mount 16, and is formed to have a length such that its tip abuts on the lower surface of the floor plate 10b.
[0031]
A gap L of a predetermined size is provided between the lower surface of the locking plate 20c and the upper surface of the stopper 22b. This gap L has a size that does not interfere with the range of action of the viscous mount 16 due to the normal vibration of the cab 10, and an excessive force acts on the cab 10 when the airframe falls, and the arrow X of the cab 10 is separated. It is set so that the contact is made only when the directional displacement exceeds the working range. That is, the gap L defines a predetermined size such that a force in the direction separating the cab 10 from the body frame 8 acts and the displacement is beyond the range of action of the elastic support member 16.
[0032]
To assemble the cab reinforcing structure, first, the tension bar 22 is attached to the internal thread 16b of the viscous mount 16 attached to the swing frame 8, and then the spring 20 is put on the tension bar 22 and the viscous mount 16, and the mounting plate 20a is attached. It is fixed to the swing frame 8 by bolts 24. Then, the upper end of the tension bar 22 is attached to the floor plate 10b with the bolt 26.
[0033]
Therefore, the buffer means K1 acts when the displacement of the cab 10 in the separating direction indicated by the arrow X exceeds the gap L, and the displacement beyond the gap L is elastically absorbed by the spring 20 being extended.
[0034]
A second embodiment of the cab reinforcement structure will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a buffer means indicated by reference numeral K2 is interposed between the floor plate 10b and the swing frame 8. The buffer means K2 is provided separately from the viscous mount, and is substantially the same as the above-described buffer means K1 except for the viscous mount. Therefore, overlapping parts are indicated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted unless necessary.
[0035]
The cushioning means K2 includes a tension coil spring 28 as a tension elastic member attached to the swing frame 8, and a tension bar 30 as a tension member attached to the floor plate 10b and engaged with the spring 28 in the separating direction X. ing.
[0036]
The tension coil spring 28 is obtained by forming the mounting plate 20a of the above-described tension coil spring 20 into a disk shape having no hole 20b, and the tension bar 30 is obtained by deleting the external thread 22c of the tension bar 22 described above.
[0037]
A third embodiment of the cab reinforcing structure will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a buffer means indicated by reference numeral K3 is interposed between the floor plate 10b and the swing frame 8. The shock absorbing means K3 is further provided with a swing frame to which the tension coil spring 28 is attached, which comes into contact with the above-mentioned shock absorbing means K2 when the tension coil spring 28 is displaced in the separating direction X beyond its elastic limit dimension H. 8 is provided with a stopper frame 32 which is an interference member. The stopper frame 32 includes a flat plate portion 32b positioned between the floor plate 10b and the spring 28 and having a hole 32a through which the round bar 30a of the tension bar 30 is inserted. Are formed.
[0038]
The stopper frame 32 receives the locking plate 28a of the spring 28 and the stopper 30b of the tension bar 30 when the spring 28 exceeds the elastic limit due to excessive tensile deformation of the spring 28. To prevent it from being pulled away from. Further, energy that could not be absorbed by the action of the tension spring 28 is absorbed. The stopper frame 32 may be formed in a flexible structure or a rigid structure depending on the amount of energy to be received.
[0039]
A fourth embodiment of the cab reinforcement structure will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, a buffer means indicated by reference numeral K4 is interposed between the floor plate 10b and the swing frame 8. The buffer means K4 absorbs the displacement of the driver's cab 10 in the above-described buffer means K1, K2 and K3 when the driver's cab 10 is displaced beyond the predetermined size L in the X direction separating from the swing frame 8 [tensile elastic member]. [Compression elastic member] which absorbs displacement is used.
[0040]
That is, the buffer means K4 is an opposing portion which is attached to the swing frame 8 as a contact member and which is attached to the floor plate 10b and approaches the stopper frame 32 as the displacement in the separating direction X increases. A tension bar 36 as a tension member having a base plate 36a, and a compression coil spring 38 as a compression elastic member interposed between the stopper frame 34 and the base plate 36a are provided.
[0041]
The spring 38 is formed of a spring steel wire having a rectangular cross section. The tension bar 36 is made of steel and has a round bar-shaped bar 36b, and the base plate 36a is formed in a disk shape at a lower end thereof with a diameter larger than that of the bar 36b. The stopper frame 34 includes a flat plate portion 34b positioned between the floor plate 10b and the spring 38 and having a hole 34a through which the bar 36b of the tension bar 36 is inserted. L is formed.
[0042]
The buffer means K4 exerts a force on the driver's cab 10 in a direction (upward direction in FIG. 6) separating from the swing frame 8 indicated by an arrow X, and the separation displacement changes an action range of a viscous mount (not shown). When the predetermined magnitude L is exceeded, it acts to absorb the displacement exceeding the predetermined magnitude L elastically.
[0043]
That is, the lower surface of the flat plate portion 34b of the stopper frame 34 and the upper end of the spring 38 do not interfere with each other within the working range of the viscous mount, which is the vibration of the normal cab 10, and an excessive displacement occurs in the cab 10 such as when the machine body falls. When this state is reached, the cushion 38 is actuated, and the spring 38 contracts and elastically absorbs the displacement beyond the gap L.
[0044]
A fifth embodiment of the cab reinforcing structure will be described with reference to FIG. The cushioning means K5 includes a cylindrical compression block 40 instead of the spring 38 as a compression elastic member in the cushioning means K4. When the block 40 is crushed, the displacement beyond the gap L is elastically absorbed. The block 40 is made of a metal material such as iron or aluminum, a resin material, or the like, for example, has a porous structure, and is formed so as to absorb energy by deformation and collapse.
[0045]
The magnitude of the energy which is the displacement elastically absorbed by the above-described buffer means K1, K2, K3, K4 or K5, that is, the rigidity of the buffer means is equal to or greater than the rigidity of the cab body 10a of the cab 10. Set as follows. If the rigidity is higher than that of the driver's cab main body 10a, the energy applied to the driver's cab 10 will not be absorbed by the buffer means, but will be entirely received by deformation and collapse of the driver's cab 10.
[0046]
The operation of the cab reinforcing structure as described above will be described.
[0047]
(1) Energy absorption:
As a cab protection structure, a buffering means is provided between the cab and the body frame to which the cab is attached, so that when a force is applied to the cab in a direction separating from the body frame, the energy can be absorbed. When the driver's cab is deformed, the buffer means is deformed at the same time or before the driver's cab is deformed.
[0048]
This damping means is not intended to protect the elastic support member supporting the driver's cab, for example, a viscous mount, and if the elastic support member breaks beyond its working range, this destruction also absorbs energy. Furthermore, the tensile elastic member or the compressive elastic member of the shock absorbing means is not premised on use within elastic deformation, but also absorbs energy by breaking beyond these elastic limits, and absorbs energy by deformation of the cab. Decrease.
[0049]
Therefore, the shock absorbing means according to the present invention does not absorb all of the energy when the aircraft is overturned, and is provided in a portion other than the cab in order to minimize the reinforcement of the cab necessary for securing the operator space. It absorbs energy.
[0050]
(2) Cost, installation space, visibility:
The cushioning means provided between the cab and the body frame to which the cab is attached as the cab protection structure has a simple structure, is inexpensive, is not limited to the installation space, and does not obstruct the view of the operator.
[0051]
As described above, the present invention has been described in detail based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, as described below, various modifications or corrections can be made within the scope of the present invention. Can be done.
[0052]
(1) Number of buffer means:
In the present embodiment, each of the buffer means K1 to K5 is provided between the cab and the body frame, but the number is not limited to one and the magnitude of the force applied to the cab is large. A plurality may be provided depending on the direction and the like.
[0053]
(2) Arrangement of elastic member and tension member:
In the buffer means K1 to K5 of the present embodiment, the tension member is provided on the cab side and the tension elastic member or the compression elastic member is provided on the body frame side, but these attachments may be reversed. That is, the tension member may be on the side of the body frame, and the tension elastic member or the compression elastic member may be on the cab side.
[0054]
(3) Relationship with elastic support member:
In the cushioning means K1 of this embodiment, the cushioning means is connected to and attached to the elastic support member, and is not connected in the cushioning means K2 to K5. May be.
[0055]
(4) Tensile elastic member:
In the present embodiment, a tension coil spring is used as the tension elastic member. However, the spring may be another type of spring, such as a disc spring, or a synthetic rubber having tensile elasticity. Or a synthetic resin.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
According to the driver's cab reinforcement structure configured according to the present invention, the energy due to the force applied to the driver's cab when the work machine falls down can be absorbed even in other than the deformation of the driver's cab, and the deformation of the driver's cab body is suppressed. The present invention provides a cab reinforcement structure that can minimize the additional stiffness of the cab required for securing the space for the operator, is inexpensive, is not limited to the installation space, and does not obstruct the view of the operator.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hydraulic excavator that is a typical example of a work machine having a cab protection structure configured according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the relationship between the body frame and the cab of FIG. 1 in relation to a part of the body frame and a frame structure of the cab.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the first embodiment as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the second embodiment as viewed in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of the third embodiment as viewed in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the fourth embodiment as viewed in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of the fifth embodiment as viewed in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
2: Hydraulic excavator (work machine)
8: Swing frame (body frame)
10: cab 16: viscous mount (elastic support member)
20: tension coil spring (tensile elastic member)
22: tension bar (tensile member)
30: tension bar (tensile member)
32: Stopper frame (interference member)
34: Stopper frame (contact member)
38: Compression coil spring (compression elastic member)
40: Compression block (compression elastic member)
K1: buffer means K2: buffer means K3: buffer means K4: buffer means K5: buffer means L: gap of predetermined size

Claims (8)

One or more buffer means are interposed between the cab mounted on the body frame of the work machine via the elastic support member and the body frame,
When a force in the direction of separating from the body frame acts on the cab and the detachment displacement has a predetermined magnitude beyond the range of action of the elastic support member, the buffer means acts to exceed the predetermined magnitude. The driver's cab reinforcement structure, which elastically absorbs the displaced displacement. A tension elastic member attached to one of the fuselage frame and the cab, and a tension member attached to the other of the fuselage frame or the cab and engaging the tension elastic member in the separating direction. The cab reinforcing structure according to claim 1, further comprising a member. The cab according to claim 2, wherein the tension elastic member includes a tension coil spring, one end of the tension member is inserted into the tension coil spring, and the insertion portion and the tension coil spring are formed to be engageable. Reinforcement structure. 4. The driver's cab reinforcement structure according to claim 2, further comprising an interference member provided on a mounting member of the tensile elastic member, the interference member being in contact with the tensile elastic member when the tensile elastic member extends beyond its elastic limit. The cushioning means is attached to one of the body frame and the cab, and is attached to the other of the body frame and the cab, and approaches the contact member as the separating displacement increases. The cab reinforcement structure according to claim 1, further comprising a tension member having an opposing portion, and a compression elastic member interposed between the contact member and the opposing portion. The cab reinforcing structure according to claim 5, wherein the compression elastic member is formed by a compression coil spring. The cab reinforcement structure according to claim 5, wherein the compression elastic member is formed by a cylindrical compression block. The cab reinforcing structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the elastic support member is connected to the body frame or the cab via the tension member.

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