JP2004323426A - Benzoic acid derivative and medicine containing the same - Google Patents

Benzoic acid derivative and medicine containing the same Download PDF

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JP2004323426A
JP2004323426A JP2003121227A JP2003121227A JP2004323426A JP 2004323426 A JP2004323426 A JP 2004323426A JP 2003121227 A JP2003121227 A JP 2003121227A JP 2003121227 A JP2003121227 A JP 2003121227A JP 2004323426 A JP2004323426 A JP 2004323426A
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benzoic acid
chlorophenyl
acid derivative
salt
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JP4220827B2 (en
Inventor
Yukiyoshi Yamazaki
行由 山嵜
Tsutomu Taima
勉 當間
Masahiro Nishikawa
雅大 西川
Hajime Yamada
肇 山田
Hideshi Ozawa
秀史 小澤
Kazutoyo Abe
一豊 安部
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Kowa Co Ltd
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Kowa Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a PPARα-selective activated compound useful as a medicine for preventing and/or treating hyperlipemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, diabetic complication, inflammation, heart disease or the like not accompanying weight gain and overweight. <P>SOLUTION: The benzoic acid derivative represented by general formula (1) [wherein, -A- is a -CH<SB>2</SB>-CH<SB>2</SB>- group, a -CH=CH- group, a -CH(OH)-CH<SB>2</SB>- group or a -C(O)-CH<SB>2</SB>- group; X is an oxygen atom, an NH group or an S(O)<SB>n</SB>group (wherein, n is an integer of 0, 1 or 2)] or a salt thereof, and a medicine using the derivative or the salt thereof are provided. The medicine has an activity for selectively activating the α type in the PPAR, and is effective as the medicine for preventing and/or treating the hyperlipemia, the arteriosclerosis, the diabetes, the diabetic complication, the inflammation, the heart disease or the like not accompanying the weight gain and the overweight. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ペルオキシソーム増殖薬活性化受容体αを選択的に活性化する安息香酸誘導体及びこれを含有する医薬に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ペルオキシソーム増殖薬活性化受容体(Peroxisome Proliferator ActivatedReceptor;以下 PPARと記載する)は核内受容体ファミリーの一つで、現在までに3つのサブタイプ(α、γ、δ)の存在が知られている(非特許文献1〜5参照)。
【0003】
このうち、PPARαは主に肝臓に発現し、可塑剤及びフィブレート系薬剤、例えばWy14643や、クロフィブレート、フェノフィブレート、ベザフィブレート、ゲムフィブロジル等の薬剤によって活性化される(非特許文献6〜7参照)。
PPARα活性化は哺乳動物において脂肪酸のβ酸化を亢進し、血中トリグリセリドを低下する。ヒトでは低密度リポ蛋白(LDL)コレステロール、超低密度リポ蛋白(VLDL)コレステロール等の血中脂質が低下し、PPARα活性化剤は高脂血症等の予防及び/又は治療剤として有用である。また、PPARα活性化剤は高密度リポ蛋白(HDL)コレステロールの上昇、血管内においては細胞接着因子であるVCAM−1の発現を抑制するので、動脈硬化等の予防及び/又は治療剤として有用である。更に、PPARα活性化剤は、糖尿病や炎症性疾患、更には心疾患等の予防及び/又は治療に有用である(非特許文献8〜14参照)。
【0004】
一方、PPARγは主に脂肪細胞に発現し、脂肪細胞の分化や増殖に重要な役割を果たしている。PPARγの活性化剤としては、チアゾリジン誘導体、例えばトログリタゾン、ピオグリタゾン、ロシグリタゾン等の薬剤が知られている。これらの薬剤はインスリンの感受性が低下した肥大脂肪細胞を、インスリン感受性の高い小型脂肪細胞に誘導して、インスリン抵抗性を改善する(非特許文献15〜18参照)。しかしながら、ヒトにおいて脂肪を増加し、体重の増加や肥満を起こすという好ましくない作用を有し(非特許文献19参照)、最近ではPPARγの拮抗剤によってもインスリン抵抗性改善の可能性を示す報告もされている(非特許文献20〜22参照)。
【0005】
また、PPARδは体内に普遍的に存在し、脂質代謝に関与することが報告されている。しかしながら、高選択的PPARδ活性化剤の報告は少なく、PPARδの生物学的意義も不明確の状態であった。現在では多くの書誌にPPARδ活性化剤の構造が報告され (非特許文献23〜24参照)、また、PPARδ活性化剤であるGW501516は、サルにおいてHDLを上昇させることが報告されている(非特許文献25参照)。しかし一方では、PPARδ活性化剤である化合物F(特許文献1)は、ヒトマクロファージ内に脂質を蓄積し(非特許文献26参照)、更に、PPARδ欠損マウスを用いた実験により、PPARδの活性化は脂質蓄積作用に繋がることが示唆されている(非特許文献27参照)。これらの現象は動脈硬化の進展と治療において相反する効果であり、よって、PPARδの治療上の意義については未だ解明されていない。
【0006】
これらのことから、PPARγ及びδ活性の低いPPARα選択的活性化剤は、体重増加、肥満を伴わずに、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症、炎症、心疾患等の予防及び/又は治療に有用であることが期待されている。
【0007】
一方、次の一般式
【0008】
【化2】

Figure 2004323426
【0009】
[Rは炭素数1〜8アルキル基、炭素数1〜8アルコキシル基、ハロゲン原子、ニトロ基又はトリフルオロメチル基を示し、Rは−COOR(基中、Rは水素原子又は炭素数1〜4アルキル基を示す)又は1H−テトラゾール−5−イル基を示し、Jは単結合、炭素数1〜8アルキレン基(前記炭素数1〜8アルキレン基の1個の炭素原子は−S−基、−SO−基、−SO−基、−O−基又はR−基(基中、Rは水素原子又は炭素数1〜4アルキル基を示す)から選択される基によって置き換えられてもよい)、炭素数2〜8アルケニレン(前記炭素数2〜8アルケニレン基の1個の炭素原子は−S−基、−SO−基、−SO−基、−O−基又はR−基(基中、Rは水素原子又は炭素数1〜4アルキル基を示す)から選択される基によって置き換えられてもよい)を示し、=C−基、=C−(炭素数1〜8アルキレン)−基(前記炭素数1〜8アルキレン基の1個の炭素原子は−S−基、−SO−基、−SO−基、−O−基又はR−基(基中、Rは水素原子又は炭素数1〜4アルキル基を示す)から選択される基によって置き換えられてもよい)又は =C−(炭素数2〜8アルケニレン)−基(前記炭素数2〜8アルケニレン基の1個の炭素原子は−S−基、−SO−基、−SO−基、−O−基又はR−基(基中、Rは水素原子、又は炭素数1〜4アルキル基を示す)から選択される基によって置き換えられてもよい)を示し、Gは炭素環基又はヘテロ環基を示し(前記G基中の炭素環基及びヘテロ環基は以下の(i)〜(v)から選択される1〜4個の基で置換されてもよい。(i)炭素数1〜8アルキル基、(ii)炭素数1〜8アルコキシ基、(iii)ハロゲン原子、(iv)トリフルオロメチル基、(v)ニトロ基)、Eは1)単結合、2)炭素数1〜8アルキレン基、3)炭素数2〜8アルケニレン基、又は4)炭素数2〜8アルキニレン基を示し、Eは1)−O−基、2)−S−基、又は3)−NR−基(基中、Rは水素原子又は炭素数1〜4アルキル基を示す)を示し、Eは1)単結合、又は2)炭素数1〜8アルキレン基を示し、mは0又は1を示し、「Cycl」は、1)環が存在しないか又は2)飽和、一部飽和又は不飽和の5〜7員の炭素環を表わす。]で表される化合物、それらの非毒性塩、それらの酸付加塩又はそれらの水和物を有効成分として含有するペルオキシソーム増殖薬活性化受容体制御剤が知られている(特許文献2参照)。
【0010】
上記一般式において、Rが−COOR、Rが水素原子、Jが単結合、Gがハロゲン原子で置換された炭素環基(ベンゼン環)、EがC1〜8アルキレン基又は2〜8アルケニレン基、Eは−S−基、Eが単結合、mは0で Cyc1環が存在しない場合、後記一般式(1)の本発明の安息香酸誘導体に相当する。しかしながら、特許文献2には、本発明の安息香酸誘導体の具体的な記載はなく、更に本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩が、選択的なPPARα活性化作用を有することについても何ら具体的な記載及び示唆もなく、その効果については全く確認されていない。
【0011】
【特許文献1】
国際公開第97/28149号
【特許文献2】
国際公開第99/11255号
【非特許文献1】
Nature, 347, 645−650, 1990
【非特許文献2】
Cell, 68, pp879−887, 1992
【非特許文献3】
Cell, 97, pp161−163, 1999
【非特許文献4】
Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1302, pp93−109, 1996
【非特許文献5】
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43,pp527−550, 2000
【非特許文献6】
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 90, 1702−1709, 1998
【非特許文献7】
Current Opinion in Lipidology, 10, pp245−257, 1999
【非特許文献8】
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 3, pp81−89, 1996
【非特許文献9】
Current Pharmaceutical Design, 3, pp1−14, 1997
【非特許文献10】
Current Opinion in Lipidology, 10, pp151−159, 1999
【非特許文献11】
Current Opinion in Lipidology, 10, pp245−257, 1999
【非特許文献12】
The Lancet, 354, pp141−148, 1999
【非特許文献13】
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43, pp527−550, 2000
【非特許文献14】
Journal of Cardiovascular Risk, 8, pp195−201, 2001
【非特許文献15】
Journal of Bioligical Chemistry, 270, 12953−12956, 1995
【非特許文献16】
Endocrinology, 137, pp4189−4195, 1996
【非特許文献17】
Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 10, pp9−13, 1999
【非特許文献18】
J. Clin. Invest., 101, pp1354−1361, 1998
【非特許文献19】
The Lancet, 349, pp952, 1997
【非特許文献20】
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 96, pp6102−6106, 1999
【非特許文献21】
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275, pp1873−1877, 2000
【非特許文献22】
J. Clin. Invest.,108, 1001−1013, 2001
【非特許文献23】
Diabetes, 46, 1319−1327, 1997
【非特許文献24】
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43, pp527−550, 2000
【非特許文献25】
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 98, pp5306−5311, 2001
【非特許文献26】
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276, pp44258−44265, 2001
【非特許文献27】
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 99, pp303−308, 2002
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って本発明の目的は、体重増加、肥満を伴わない、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症、炎症、心疾患等の予防及び/又は治療薬として有用であるPPARα選択的活性化化合物を提供することにある。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、本発明者は、PPARのうちαタイプを選択的に活性化する化合物を見出すべく種々検討した結果、後記一般式(1)で表わされる安息香酸誘導体が、PPARαを選択的に活性化し、体重増加、肥満を伴わない、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症、炎症、心疾患等の予防及び/又は治療薬として有用であることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0014】
すなわち、本発明は、次の一般式(1)
【0015】
【化3】
Figure 2004323426
【0016】
(式中、−A−は−CH−CH−基、−CH=CH−基、−CH(OH)−CH−基又は−C(O)−CH−基を示し、Xは酸素原子、NH基又はS(O)基(ここでnは0、1又は2の数を示す))で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩を提供するものである。
また、本発明は上記一般式(1)で表わされる安息香酸誘導体又はその塩を有効成分とする医薬を提供するものである。
本発明は上記一般式(1)で表わされる安息香酸誘導体又はその塩を有効成分とするペルオキシソーム増殖薬活性化受容体α活性化剤を提供するものである。
本発明は上記一般式(1)で表わされる安息香酸誘導体又はその塩を有効成分とする高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症、炎症及び心疾患から選ばれる疾患の予防及び/又は治療剤を提供するものである。
更にまた、本発明は上記一般式(1)で表わされる安息香酸誘導体又はその塩、及び薬学的に許容される担体を含有する医薬組成物を提供するものである。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体のうち、−A−が−CH−CH−基、−CH=CH−基又は−C(O)−CH−基であり、XがS(O)基(ここで、nは前記と同じ))であるのが好ましい。
更には、 次の一般式(1a)
【0018】
【化4】
Figure 2004323426
【0019】
(式中、−A’−は−CH−CH−基又は−CH=CH−基を示す)で表される2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸、又はこれらの塩が、特にPPARα選択的な活性化に優れ好ましい。
【0020】
本発明の一般式(1)で表わされる安息香酸誘導体の塩としては、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属塩;カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩等のアルカリ土類金属塩;アンモニウム塩、トリアルキルアミン塩等の有機塩基塩;塩酸塩、硫酸塩等の鉱酸塩;酢酸塩等の有機酸塩等が挙げられる。これらの塩のうち、アルカリ金属塩、特にナトリウム塩が好ましい。
【0021】
また本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体は、水和物に代表される溶媒和物であってもよい。更に、本発明の安息香酸誘導体は、シス、トランスの幾何異性体や光学異性体が存在する場合もあるが、これらの異性体も本発明に含まれる。
【0022】
本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体は、例えば以下に記載の合成ルート、又はそれらの一部を適宜組み合わせることにより製造することができる。
【0023】
(1)合成ルート1
【0024】
【化5】
Figure 2004323426
【0025】
(式中のRは炭素数1〜6のアルキル基若しくはアリール基又はアリル基を示し、Yはハロゲン原子を示し、X’は硫黄原子、酸素原子又はNH基を示す)
【0026】
7−ハロ−1−ヘプタノール(2)を酸化してアルデヒド体(3)とし、これにグリニャール試薬によりクロロフェニル基を導入して化合物(4)を得、これにチオサリチル酸エステル、サリチル酸エステル又はアントラニル酸エステルを反応させて化合物(5)を得、次いでこれを加水分解することにより、化合物(1b)が得られる。以下、工程毎に説明する。
【0027】
第一工程:7−ハロ−1−ヘプタノール(2)をクロロホルム、ジクロロメタン等の溶媒に溶かし、クロロクロム酸ピリジニウム、ジクロム酸ピリジニウム等の酸化剤を添加後、冷却下又は加熱下に、30分間〜数時間攪拌する。
第二工程:得られたアルデヒド体(3)をテトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、エーテル、ジメトキシエタン等の不活性溶媒に溶解後、不活性ガスの雰囲気下に4−クロロフェニルマグネシウムハライドの不活性溶媒溶液を添加し、冷却下又は室温以下にて30分〜数時間攪拌する。
第三工程:チオサリチル酸エステル、サリチル酸エステル又はアントラニル酸エステルをアセトニトリル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、1,2−ジメトキシエタン、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、クロロホルム、ジクロロメタン等の溶媒に溶解し、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン等の塩基の存在下に前工程で得られたハロゲン体(4)を加え、室温又は加熱下に1〜24時間加熱する。
第四工程:得られたエステル体(5)を、メタノール、エタノール、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、1,2−ジメトキシエタン等の溶媒に溶解し、水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等の塩基を添加して、冷却下又は加熱下に 1〜24時間攪拌し、塩酸等の酸を加えて酸性にする。
【0028】
(2)合成ルート2
【0029】
【化6】
Figure 2004323426
【0030】
(式中のR、X’は前記と同じものを示す)
【0031】
1,7−ジハロヘプタン(6)にグリニャール試薬によりクロロフェニル基を導入して化合物(8)を得、これを加水分解することにより化合物(1c)が得られる。
【0032】
第一工程:1,7−ジハロヘプタン(6)をテトラヒドロフラン、エーテル、1,2−ジエトキシエタン等の無水溶媒に溶かし、不活性ガス雰囲気下に4−クロルフェニルマグネシウムハライドの不活性溶媒の溶液を加え、冷却下又は加熱下に、1〜4時間攪拌する。この際、塩化銅と塩化リチウム等を触媒として加えてもよい。
第二工程:合成ルート1の第三工程と同様の方法で行う。
第三工程:合成ルート1の第四工程と同様の方法で行う。
【0033】
(3)合成ルート3
【0034】
【化7】
Figure 2004323426
【0035】
(式中のR及びAは前記と同じものを示し、n’は1又は2の整数を示す)
【0036】
前記合成ルート1又は2によって得られる化合物(9)を酸化して化合物(10)とし、次いでこれを加水分解することにより化合物(1f)が得られる。
【0037】
第一工程:原料のスルフィド体(9)をジクロロメタン、クロロホルム等の溶媒に溶解し、更にm−クロロ過安息香酸、過酢酸、過安息香酸等の酸化剤を添加して、冷却下又は加熱下に30分〜24時間攪拌する。
第二工程:合成ルート1の第四工程と同様の方法で行う。
【0038】
(4)合成ルート4
【0039】
【化8】
Figure 2004323426
【0040】
(R及びXは前記と同じ同じものを示す)
【0041】
化合物(11)を脱水反応に付して化合物(12)を得、次いでこれを加水分解することにより化合物(1g)が得られる。
【0042】
第一工程:原料のアルコール体(11)をトルエン、ベンゼン等の溶媒に溶解し、p−トルエンスルホン酸、メタンスルホン酸等の酸を加えて、室温又は加熱下に30分〜24時間攪拌する。
第二工程:合成ルート1の第四工程と同様の方法で行う。
【0043】
(5)合成ルート5
【0044】
【化9】
Figure 2004323426
【0045】
(R及びXは前記と同じものを示す)
【0046】
化合物(11)を酸化して化合物(13)を得、次いでこれを加水分解することにより化合物(1h)が得られる。
【0047】
第一工程:原料のアルコール体(11)をクロロホルム、ジクロロメタン等の溶媒に溶かし、二酸化マンガン、クロロクロム酸ピリジニウム、ジクロム酸ピリジニウム、クロム酸等の酸化剤を添加し、1〜24時間攪拌する。
第二工程:合成ルート1の第四工程と同様の方法で行う。
【0048】
上記の合成ルートの各工程の反応後に常法に従い後処理及び精製をしてもよい。精製法は、再結晶法、カラムクロマトグラフィー等の通常の精製手段を用いて行うことができる。また必要に応じて、常法によって前記した所望の塩又は溶媒和物にすることもできる。
【0049】
かくして得られる本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩は、後記実施例15に示すように、選択的なPPARα活性化作用を有することから、ヒトを含む哺乳類における体重増加、肥満を伴わない、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症( 糖尿病性腎症等)、炎症、心疾患等の予防及び/又は治療薬として有用である。
【0050】
本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩を有効成分とする医薬の投与形態は、特に限定されず治療目的に応じて適宜選択でき、例えば、経口用固形製剤、経口用液体製剤、注射剤、坐剤、外用剤、点眼剤、点鼻剤、点耳剤、貼付剤等のいずれでもよい。これらの製剤は、薬学的に許容される公知の担体を配合し、当業者に公知の製剤方法により製造できる。
【0051】
経口用固形製剤とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、賦形剤、必要に応じて結合剤、崩壊剤、滑沢剤、着色剤、矯味剤、矯臭剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により錠剤、顆粒剤、散剤、カプセル剤等に調製する。
賦形剤としては乳糖、塩化ナトリウム、ブドウ糖、デンプン、微結晶セルロース、珪酸等が、結合剤としては水、エタノール、プロパノール、単シロップ、ゼラチン液、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、シェラック、リン酸カルシウム、ポリビニルピロリドン等が、崩壊剤としてはカンテン末、炭酸水素ナトリウム、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸モノグリセリド等が、滑沢剤としては精製タルク、ステアリン酸塩、ホウ砂、ポリエチレングリコールが、着色剤としてはβ−カロチン、黄色三二酸化鉄、カルメラ等が、矯味剤としては白糖、橙皮等が挙げられる。
【0052】
経口用液体製剤とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、矯味剤、緩衝剤、安定化剤、保存剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により内服液剤、シロップ剤、エリキシル剤等に調製する。
矯味剤としては白糖等が、緩衝剤としてはクエン酸ナトリウム等が、安定化剤としてはトラガント等が、保存剤としてはパラオキシ安息香酸エステル等が挙げられる。
【0053】
注射剤とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、pH調節剤、安定化剤、等張化剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により皮下、筋肉及び静脈内注射剤に調製する。
pH調節剤としてはリン酸ナトリウム等が、安定化剤としてはピロ亜硫酸ナトリウム等が、等張化剤としては塩化ナトリウム等が挙げられる。
【0054】
坐薬とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、基剤、界面活性剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により調製する。
基剤としてはポリエチレングリコール、ハードファット等が、界面活性剤としてはポリソルベート80等のポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられる。
【0055】
外用剤とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、基剤、水溶性高分子、溶媒、界面活性剤、保存剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により液剤、クリーム剤、ゲル剤、軟膏剤等に調製する。
基剤としては流動パラフィン、白色ワセリン、精製ラノリン等が、水溶性高分子としてはカルボキシビニルポリマー等が、溶媒としてはグリセリン、水等が、界面活性剤としてはポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル等が、保存剤としてはパラオキシ安息香酸エステル等が挙げられる。
【0056】
点眼剤とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、pH調節剤、安定化剤、等張化剤、保存剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により調製する。
pH調節剤としてはリン酸ナトリウム等が、安定化剤としてはピロ亜硫酸ナトリウム、エチレンジアミン四酢酸等が、等張化剤としては塩化ナトリウム等が、保存剤としてはクロロブタノール等が挙げられる。
【0057】
点鼻剤とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、pH調節剤、安定化剤、等張化剤、保存剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により調製する。
pH調節剤としてはリン酸ナトリウム等が、安定化剤としてはピロ亜硫酸ナトリウム、エチレンジアミン四酢酸等が、等張化剤としては塩化ナトリウム等が、保存剤としては塩化ベンザルコニウム等が挙げられる。
【0058】
点耳剤とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、pH調節剤、緩衝剤、安定化剤、等張化剤、保存剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により調製する。
pH調節剤及び緩衝剤としてはリン酸ナトリウム等が、安定化剤としてはピロ亜硫酸ナトリウム、エチレンジアミン四酢酸等が、等張化剤としては塩化ナトリウム等が、保存剤としては塩化ベンザルコニウム等が挙げられる。
【0059】
貼付剤とする場合は、本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩に、粘着剤、溶媒、架橋剤、界面活性剤等の担体を加えた後、常法により含水型貼付剤、プラスター貼付剤等に調製する。
粘着剤としてはポリアクリル酸部分中和物、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリアクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、スチレン−イソプレン−スチレンブロック共重合体等が、溶媒としてはグリセリン、水等が、架橋剤としてはジヒドロキシアルミニウムアミノアセテート、乾燥水酸化アルミニウムゲル等が、界面活性剤としてはポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられる。
【0060】
本発明の医薬の投与量は年齢、体重、症状、投与形態及び投与回数等によって異なるが、通常は成人に対して一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体として1日1〜1000mgを、1回又は数回に分けて経口投与又は非経口投与するのが好ましい。
【0061】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0062】
製造例1 7−ブロモヘプタナールの合成
クロロクロム酸ピリジニウム(9.94g, 純度90%として41.5 mmol)と酢酸ナトリウム(379mg、4.6mmol)を塩化メチレン150mLに懸濁し、氷冷下にて7−ブロモ−1−ヘプタノール(3.0g、15.4mmol)の塩化メチレン40mL溶液を30分間で滴下した。室温にて30分間攪拌した。反応終了後、ジエチルエーテル300mLを加え希釈し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 ジエチルエーテル)で精製し、淡黄色油状の粗目的化合物(2.97g、収率99.9%)を得た。
【0063】
製造例2 7−ブロモ−1−(4−クロロフェニル)−1−ヘプチルアルコールの合成
粗7−ブロモヘプタナール(2.97g、15.38mmol)をテトラヒドロフラン 110mLに溶解し、アルゴン雰囲気下0℃にて4−クロロフェニルマグネシウムブロミドの1.0 mol/L ジエチルエーテル溶液 15.5 mL (15.5 mmol)を滴下した。反応終了後、0℃にて飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液を20mL加えた後、ジエチルエーテルを加えて抽出した。有機相を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、減圧濃縮し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=5/1)で精製し、黄色油状の目的化合物(4.05g、収率86.2%)を得た。
【0064】
H−NMR(400MHz, CDCl)δ:1.28−1.42 (6H, m), 1.66−1.87 (4H, m), 3.39 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 4.65 (1H, m), 7.27(2H, d, J= 9Hz) , 7.32 (2H, d, J= 9Hz).
【0065】
製造例3 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチルの合成
チオサリチル酸メチル(660mg、3.92mmol)をアセトニトリル30mLに溶解し、炭酸カリウム(542mg、3.92mmol)、7−ブロモ−1−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルアルコール(1.0g、3.27mmol)、ヨウ化カリウム(54mg、3.92mmol)を加え80℃にて2時間攪拌した。反応終了後、酢酸エチルを加え、水、飽和食塩水の順で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。反応液を濾過し、減圧濃縮後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 ヘキサン/ 酢酸エチル=5/1)で分離し、淡黄色油状の目的化合物(999mg、収率77.7%)を得た。
【0066】
H−NMR(400MHz, CDCl)δ:1.27−1.49 (6H, m), 1.64−1.74 (4H, m), 1.95 (1H, bs), 2.89 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 3.90 (3H, s), 4.64 (1H, t, J=6 Hz), 7.14 (1H, t, J= 7Hz), 7.25−7.31 (5H, m), 7.42 (1H, t, J= 9Hz), 7.94 (1H, dd, J= 8, 2Hz).
【0067】
製造例4 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸メチルの合成 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(863mg、2.196 mmol)をトルエン30mLに溶解し、次にp−トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(46mg、0.242 mmol)を加え120℃にて1時間攪拌した。反応液を室温に戻し酢酸エチルを加え、飽和重曹水、水、飽和食塩水の順に洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。反応液を濾過し、減圧濃縮後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=10/1)で分離し、淡黄色油状の目的化合物(633mg、収率76.9%)を得た。
【0068】
H−NMR(270MHz, CDCl)δ:1.52−1.58(4H, m), 1.75−1.77(2H, m), 2.20−2.22(2H, m), 2.93(2H, t, J= 7Hz), 3.91(3H, s), 6.18(1H, dt, J= 16, 7Hz), 6.32(1H, d, J= 16Hz), 7.14(1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.25(4H, s), 6.32(1H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.43(1H, t, J= 7Hz), 7.95(1H, dd, J= 8, 1Hz).
【0069】
製造例5 1−ブロモ−7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプタンの合成
1,7−ジブロモヘプタン107.2 g (415.6 mmol) の無水テトラヒドロフラン 200 mL 溶液に塩化銅 198 mg ( 2.0 mmol )、塩化リチウム 170 mg (4.0 mmol) を加え、アルゴン置換した。この懸濁液にアルゴン雰囲気、水冷下、4−クロロフェニルマグネシウムブロミドの1.0 mol/L ジエチルエーテル溶液 300 mL (300 mmol)を30分かけて滴下し、滴下終了後室温で16時間攪拌した。反応液に水冷下、2 mol /L 塩酸 250mL、次いでクロロホルム 300 mLを加えた。得られた懸濁液より不溶物をセライトを用いてろ去した後、ろ液から有機層を抽出した。更にクロロホルム( 100 mL ×2)で抽出した有機層を合わせ、水洗(100 mL)、飽和食塩水洗(100mL)し硫酸ナトリウムにより除水した後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残留物を減圧蒸留し、126〜136℃/3mm Hgの留分を集め、無色油状の粗目的化合物(24.19 g、収率20.1%)を得た。
【0070】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.15−1.70 (8H, m), 1.84 (2H, q, J= 7Hz), 2.57 (2H, t, J= 8Hz ), 3.40 ( 2H, t, J= 7Hz), 7.09 ( 2H, d, J= 8Hz ), 7.23 ( 2H, d, J= 8Hz ).
【0071】
製造例6 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチルの合成
1−ブロモ−7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプタン38.49 g (132.9 mmol) のアセトニトリル 200 mL溶液に、炭酸カリウム 36.73 g (265.8 mmol)、ヨウ化カリウム 11.03 g (66.45 mmol)を加えた。この混合物にチオサリチル酸メチル33.5 g (純度97%, 199.4 mmol)のアセトニトリル20 mL 溶液を10分かけて滴下し、滴下終了後、室温で30分、ついで浴温60℃で4時間攪拌した。TLCで原料の消失を確認後、減圧濃縮し、残留物に水500 mL、クロロホルム500 mL、2 mol/L塩酸 300 mLを加え、有機層を抽出した。この有機層を水洗(200 mL)、飽和食塩水洗(200 mL)後、硫酸ナトリウムで除水し、減圧にて留去した残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(SiO1000 g、溶出液 ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 30/1)を用いて精製した。目的化合物を含むフラクションを減圧濃縮し、白色油状の目的化合物(31.28 g、収率83.0%)を得た。
【0072】
H−NMR (400MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.22−1.62 (8H, m), 1.72 (2H, q, J= 7Hz), 2.56 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 2.91 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 3.91 (3H, s), 7.09 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.14 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.23 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.26−7.33 (1H, m), 7.43 (1H, td, J= 8, 2Hz), 7.95 ( 1H, dd, J= 8, 2Hz ).
【0073】
製造例7 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸メチルの合成
2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(320 mg、0.849 mmol)をクロロホルム 10 mL に溶解し、m−クロロ過安息香酸(183 mg、純度80%として0.849 mmol)を加え氷冷下90分間攪拌した。反応液に5%チオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液5mLを加え有機層を抽出した。この有機層を、水5mL、飽和食塩水5mLで洗浄後、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。この溶液を減圧濃縮し、残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 1/1)を用いて精製した。目的化合物を含むフラクションを減圧濃縮し、無色油状の目的化合物(231
mg、収率 69.2 %)を得た。
【0074】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.21−1.81 (9H, m), 1.96 (1H, m), 2.55 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 2.66 (1H, m), 3.14 (1H, ddd, J= 13, 10, 7Hz), 3.94 (3H, s), 7.08 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.23 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.56 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.81 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 8.09 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.25 (1H, d, J= 8Hz).
【0075】
製造例8 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチルの合成
2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(320 mg、0.849 mmol)をクロロホルム 10 mL に溶解し、m−クロロ過安息香酸(366 mg、純度80%として1.70 mmol)を加え室温で90分間攪拌した。反応液に5%チオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液5mLを加え有機層を抽出した。この有機層を、水5mL、飽和食塩水5mLで洗浄後、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。この溶液を減圧濃縮し、残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 1/1)を用いて精製した。目的化合物を含むフラクションを減圧濃縮し、無色油状の目的化合物(204 mg、収率 58.8 %)を得た。
【0076】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.17−1.46 (6H, m), 1.46−1.66 (2H, m), 1.69−1.88 (2H, m), 2.54 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 3.47 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 3.96 (3H, s), 7.07 (2H, d, J= 7Hz), 7.22 (2H, d, J= 7Hz), 7.60−7.72 (3H, m), 8.06 (1H, d, J= 6Hz).
【0077】
製造例9 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸メチルの合成
製造例7と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(100 mg、0.254 mmol)から無色油状の目的化合物(69 mg、収率 66 %)を得た。
【0078】
H−NMR (400MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.22−1.82 (9H, m), 1.96 (1H, m), 2.64 (1H, m), 3.12(1H, ddd, J= 13, 10, 7Hz), 3.94(3H, s), 4.64(1H, t, J= 7Hz), 7.26 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 7.31 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 7.55 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.80 (1H, t, J= 9Hz), 8.08 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.24 (1H, d, J= 8Hz).
【0079】
製造例10 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルスルフィニル]安息香酸メチルの合成
製造例7と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸メチル(3.08 g、8.22 mmol ) から無色油状の目的化合物(2.73 g、収率85.0%)を得た。
【0080】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.39−1.62 (4H, m), 1.62−1.86 (1H, m), 1.86−2.12 (1H, m), 2.15−2.32 (2H, m), 2.69 (1H, ddd, J= 13, 10, 7Hz), 3.17 (1H, ddd, J= 13, 10, 5Hz), 3.95 (3H, s), 6.17 (1H, dt, J= 16, 7Hz), 6.33 (1H, d, J= 16Hz), 7.21−7.31 (4H, m), 7.59 (1H, m), 7.81 (1H, td, J= 8, 1Hz), 8.09 (1H, dd, J= 8, 1 Hz), 8.26 (1H, dd, J= 8, 1Hz).
【0081】
製造例11 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチルの合成
製造例8と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(89 mg, 0.226 mmol)から白色固体の目的化合物(53.4 mg、収率 56 %)を得た。
【0082】
H−NMR(400MHz, CDCl)δ:1.19−1.47(6H, m), 1.57−1.83(4H, m), 3.46(2H, m), 3.96(3H, s), 4.63(1H, dd, J= 7, 6Hz), 7.26(2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.31(2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.63−7.71(3H, m), 8.05(1H, d, J= 7Hz).
【0083】
製造例12 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチルの合成
製造例4と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチル (30.5 mg、0.075 mmol)から淡黄色油状の目的化合物(25.1 mg、収率86%)を得た。
【0084】
H−NMR(270MHz, CDCl)δ:1.40−1.57(4H, m), 1.74−1.92(2H, m), 2.14−2.29(2H, m), 3.51(2H, m), 3.97(3H, s), 6.14(1H, dt, J= 16, 7Hz), 6.32(1H, d, J= 16Hz), 7.20−7.31(4H, m), 7.60−7.73(3H, m), 8.07(1H, d, J= 6Hz).
【0085】
製造例13 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチルの合成
2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(99.6mg、0.254mmol)を塩化メチレン2mL溶解し、クロロクロム酸ピリジニウム(60.9 mg、純度90%として0.254mmol)を加え室温にて1時間攪拌した。反応液にジエチルエーテル10mLを加えた溶液部分をシリカゲルカラムにて溶出した(溶出液 ジエチルエーテル)。溶出液を減圧濃縮した残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 10/1)を用いて精製した。目的化合物を含むフラクションを減圧濃縮し、無色油状の目的化合物(65.0 mg、収率 66 %)を得た。
【0086】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.35−1.49 (2H, m), 1.49−1.60 (2H, m), 1.66−1.84 (4H, m), 2.88−2.99 (4H, m), 3.91 (3H, s), 7.14 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.30 (1H, d, J= 8 Hz), 7.38−7.49 (3H, m), 7.89 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.96 (1H, d,
J= 8Hz).
【0087】
製造例14 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸メチルの合成
製造例7と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(200 mg、0.513 mmol)から白色固体の目的化合物(156 mg、収率 74.7 %)を得た。
【0088】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.32−1.85 (7H, m), 1.98 (1H, m), 2.69 (1H, ddd, J= 13, 10, 5Hz), 2.93 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 3.16 (1H, ddd, J= 13, 10, 7Hz), 3.95 (3H, s), 7.43 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.56 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.81 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.88 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.09 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.27 (1H, d, J= 8Hz).
【0089】
製造例15 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチルの合成
製造例8と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(200 mg、0.513 mmol)から白色固体の目的化合物(128 mg、収率 59.0 %)を得た。
【0090】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.25−1.58 (4H, m), 1.60−1.90 (4H, m), 2.92 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 3.50 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 3.97 (3H, s), 7.43 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.61−7.72 (3H, m), 7.88 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.06 (1H, d, J= 6Hz).
【0091】
実施例1 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸の合成
2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸メチル(1.80g、4.80mmol)をメタノール10mL−テトラヒドロフラン10mLに溶解し、4 mol/L水酸化ナトリウム水溶液3mLを加え室温にて攪拌した。反応終了後、水250mLを加え、0℃にて濃塩酸を加え弱酸性とした。酢酸エチルで抽出し、有機層を水、飽和食塩水の順に洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。反応液を濾過し、減圧濃縮後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液 ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=1/1)で分離し、無色結晶の目的化合物(1.50g、収率86.7%)を得た。
【0092】
H−NMR(400MHz, CDCl)δ:1.53−1.54(4H, m), 1.74−1.79(2H, m), 2.20−2.25(2H, m), 2.94(2H, t, J= 7Hz), 6.18(1H, dt, J= 16, 6Hz), 6.33(1H, dd, J= 16, 1Hz), 7.20(1H, t, 8Hz), 7.25(2H, d, J= 1Hz), 7.26(2H, d, J= 1Hz), 7.35(1H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.48(1H, t, J= 8Hz), 8.13(1H, dd, J= 8, 1Hz).
【0093】
実施例2 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸ナトリウム塩の合成
2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸(1.25g、3.450mmol)をメタノール20 mLに溶解し、ナトリウムメトキシド(205mg、3.795mmol)のメタノール20mL溶液を加えた。全てを溶解し均一にした後、減圧濃縮し、エタノールより再結晶し、無色結晶の目的化合物(1.24g、収率93.9%)を得た。
【0094】
H−NMR(400MHz, CDCl+CDOD)δ:1.50−1.52 (4H, m), 1.71−1.75 (2H, m), 2.20 (2H, m), 2.91 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 6.18 (1H, dt, J= 16, 7Hz), 6.34 (1H, d, J= 16Hz), 7.13 (1H, dt, J= 8, 1Hz), 7.25 (4H, s), 7.27 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.35 (1H, dt, J= 8, 1Hz), 8.13 (1H, dd, J= 8, 2Hz).
【0095】
実施例3 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(31.28 g、83.0 mmol )から白色結晶性粉末の目的化合物(19.41 g、収率 64.5 %)を得た。
【0096】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.20−1.85 (10H, m), 2.57 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 2.92 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.09 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.20 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.23 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.34 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.49 (1H, td, J= 8, 1Hz), 8.13 ( 1H, dd, J= 8, 1Hz ).
IR( KBr ): 2925, 1674, 1561, 1492, 1464, 1409, 1317, 1253, 1047, 915, 756 cm−1
mp 109.1−109.5℃
【0097】
実施例4 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸ナトリウム塩の合成実施例2と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸(7.23 g、19.9 mmol )から白色結晶性粉末の目的化合物(4.25 g、収率 55.4 %)を得た。
【0098】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDOD) δ: 7.59 ( 1H, d, J= 8Hz ), 7.33−7.03 ( 7H, m ), 2.84 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 2.56 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 1.71−1.23 (10H, m).
【0099】
実施例5 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルチオ]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(134mg、0.341mmol)から淡黄色油状の目的化合物(108 mg, 収率83.6%)を得た。
【0100】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.12−1.90 (10H, m), 2.91 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 4.66 (1H, t, J= 7Hz), 7.10−7.39 (6H, m), 7.48 (1H, t, J= 7Hz), 8.11 (1H, d, J= 7Hz).
【0101】
実施例6 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸メチル(69 mg、0.18 mmol)から無色油状の目的化合物(68 mg、収率 定量的)を得た。
【0102】
H−NMR (400MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.05−1.63 (8H, m), 1.68(1H, m), 1.93(1H, m), 2.53 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 2.75(1H, m), 3.17(1H, ddd, J= 13, 10, 7Hz), 7.06 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.20 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.58 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.83 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 8.16 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.27 (1H, d, J= 8Hz).
【0103】
実施例7 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチル(107 mg、0.262 mmol)から無色油状の目的化合物(103 mg、収率 定量的)を得た。
【0104】
H−NMR (400MHz, CDCl) δ: 0.93−1.89 (10H, m), 2.52 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 3.56 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.05 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.20 (2H, d, J= 8Hz), 7.46−7.77 (2H, m), 7.84 (1H, m), 8.11 (1H, m).
【0105】
実施例8 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸メチル(10.0 mg、0.024 mmol)から無色油状の目的化合物(10.0 mg、収率 定量的)を得た。
【0106】
H−NMR (400MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.22−1.82 (9H, m), 1.97 (1H, m), 2.70 (1H, m), 3.19(1H, m), 4.65(1H, t, J= 7Hz), 7.21 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 7.25 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 7.56 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.78 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 8.13 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.21 (1H, d, J= 8Hz).
【0107】
実施例9 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルスルフィニル]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルスルフィニル]安息香酸メチル(2.71 g、6.93 mmol )から白色結晶性粉末の目的化合物(2.55
g、収率97.6%)を得た。
【0108】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.30−1.60 (4H, m), 1.60−1.86 (1H, m), 1.86−2.10 (1H, m), 2.10−2.30 (2H, m), 2.77 (1H, m), 3.20 (1H, m), 6.13 (1H, dt, J= 16, 7Hz), 6.16 (1H, d, J= 16Hz), 7.10−7.35 (4H, m), 7.56 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.81 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 8.15 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.26 (1H, d, J= 8Hz).
【0109】
実施例10 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−ヒドロキシヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチル(10 mg、0.0236 mmol)から無色油状の目的化合物(7.4 mg、収率 77 %)を得た。
【0110】
H−NMR(400MHz, CDCl)δ:1.19−1.58(6H, m), 1.58−1.95(4H, m), 3.51(2H, m), 4.67(1H, dd, J= 8, 5Hz), 7.26−7.49(4H, m), 7.63−7.76(2H, m), 7.97(1H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.08(1H, dd, J= 8, 1Hz).
【0111】
実施例11 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルスルフォニル]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチル(25.1 mg、0.0617 mmol)から無色油状の目的化合物(32 mg、収率 定量的)を得た。
【0112】
H−NMR(400MHz, CDCl)δ:1.39−1.52(4H, m), 1.72−1.96(2H, m), 2.10−2.32(2H, m), 3.57(2H, t, J= 8Hz), 6.13(1H, dt, J= 16, 7Hz), 6.29(1H, d, J= 16Hz), 7.13−7.37(4H, m), 7.61−7.75(2H, m), 7.83(1H, d, J= 7Hz), 8.10(1H, d, J= 7Hz).
【0113】
実施例12 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルチオ]安息香酸の合成 実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルチオ]安息香酸メチル(136mg、0.348mmol)から白色固体の目的化合物(128 mg、収率97.6%)を得た。
【0114】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.32−1.86 (8H, m), 2.85−3.14 (4H, m), 7.22 (1H, m), 7.32−7.54 (2H, m), 7.43 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 8.13 (1H, d, J= 8Hz).
【0115】
実施例13 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルスルフィニル]安息香酸メチル(156mg、0.383mmol)から白色固体の目的化合物(154 mg、収率 定量的)を得た。
【0116】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.30−1.84 (7H, m), 2.02 (1H, m), 2.74 (1H, m), 2.94 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 3.21 (1H, m), 7.41 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 7.58 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.81 (1H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.87 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 8.17 (1H, d, J= 8Hz), 8.26 (1H, d, J= 8Hz).
【0117】
実施例14 2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸の合成
実施例1と同様にして、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−7−オキソヘプチルスルフォニル]安息香酸メチル(128 mg、0.303 mmol)から淡黄色固体の目的化合物(113 mg、収率 91.2 %)を得た。
【0118】
H−NMR (270MHz, CDCl) δ: 1.21−1.59 (4H, m), 1.62−1.93 (4H, m), 2.93 (2H, t, J= 7Hz), 3.56 (2H, t, J= 8Hz), 7.42 (2H, d, J= 9Hz), 7.65−7.76 (2H, m), 7.81−7.92 (3H, m), 8.10 (1H, d, J= 7Hz).
【0119】
実施例15
本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体及び比較化合物として 特許文献2の実施例6(3)と実施例10(1)に記載されている化合物(以下、それぞれ化合物A、化合物Bと記載する)のPPAR受容体活性化作用を、以下の方法で測定した(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci., 92, pp7297−7301, 1995, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 269, pp31012−31018, 1994, Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci, 98, pp5306−5311, 2001)。
【0120】
【化10】
Figure 2004323426
【0121】
トランスフェクションアッセイ測定
すべてのトランスフェクションアッセイはアフリカミドリザルの腎由来細胞株であるCOS細胞を用いて行った。COS細胞の培養は5%のCO濃度で行い、培養液には10%のウシ胎児血清、グルタミン酸及び抗生物質を含有するDMEM培地を用いた。
細胞へのプラスミドのトランスフェクションはリポフェクトアミンを用いた方法で行った。野生型ヒト型PPARの発現ベクターとしてpSG5hPPARα, pSG5hPPARg,及びpcDNA3hPPARδを用いた。レポーターベクターはホタルルシフェラーゼを用い、そのプロモーター領域に6個のヒトapoAIIプロモーター上のPPAR応答配列を含んでいる。更にβ−ガラクトシダーゼの発現ベクターを内部標準として用いた。
細胞へのトランスフェクションの後,化合物を添加したDMEM培地(0.2%血清含有)に交換し、更に16時間の培養を行った。その後、細胞溶解液中のルシフェラーゼ活性及びβ−ガラクトシダーゼ活性を測定した。
なお、化合物の溶解、希釈にはジメチルスルホキシドを用い、細胞への処理の際はDMEM培地(0.2%血清含有)にジメチルスルホキシド濃度が0.1%になるように調整した。陽性化合物としてPPARαにはWY14643を、PPARγにはトログリタゾンを( Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43, pp527−550, 2000 )、PPARδにはGW501516( Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci, 98, pp5306−5311, 2001 )を用いた。
【0122】
これらの化合物のhPPARα、hPPARγ、hPPARδアゴニスト活性測定結果を、表1に示す。
【0123】
【表1】
Figure 2004323426
【0124】
化合物AはhPPARδだけに活性化作用を示し、化合物BはhPPARαとγのEC50値に3倍の選択性を示すにすぎない。一方、本発明の安息香酸誘導体は優れたhPPARα活性化作用と選択性を示し、明らかに化合物A及び化合物Bよりも優れたhPPARα選択性を有する。
【0125】
図1に実施例1及び実施例3の安息香酸誘導体のhPPARαを活性化するEC50値の濃度と、その10及び100倍の濃度における各アイソフォームの活性化倍率を示す。ここで、No.1はPPARα活性化EC50値の濃度における活性化率を示し、No.2はPPARα活性化EC50値の10倍濃度における活性化率を示し、No.3はPPARα活性化EC50値の100倍濃度における活性化率を示す。
なお、活性化倍率は、化合物を含まない溶媒(ジメチルスルホオキシド)のみを処理した時の活性値をコントロールとし、コントロールに対する倍率で示した。実施例1及び実施例3の化合物はhPPARαを活性化するEC50値の濃度の10、及び100倍の濃度においても、hPPARγ及びδを活性化しないことがわかる。
【0126】
本発明の一般式(1)で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩は、従来公知の化合物よりも明らかに優れたhPPARα選択的活性化作用を有する。
【0127】
【発明の効果】
本発明化合物は、PPARのうちαタイプを選択的に活性化する作用を有し、体重増加や肥満を伴なわない、高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症、炎症、心疾患等の予防及び/又は治療薬として有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸のPPARα活性化EC50値の濃度とその10倍、100倍の濃度におけるPPAR活性化率を示す図である。
【図2】2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸のPPARα活性化EC50値の濃度とその10倍、100倍の濃度におけるPPAR活性化率を示す図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a benzoic acid derivative that selectively activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, and a medicament containing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor; hereinafter referred to as PPAR) is a member of the nuclear receptor family, and the existence of three subtypes (α, γ, δ) has been known to date. (See Non-Patent Documents 1 to 5).
[0003]
Among them, PPARα is mainly expressed in the liver, and is activated by a plasticizer and a fibrate-based drug such as Wy14643 or a drug such as clofibrate, fenofibrate, bezafibrate, or gemfibrozil (see Non-Patent Documents 6 to 7). ).
PPARα activation enhances β-oxidation of fatty acids and lowers blood triglycerides in mammals. In humans, blood lipids such as low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol decrease, and PPARα activators are useful as preventive and / or therapeutic agents for hyperlipidemia and the like. . In addition, the PPARα activator suppresses the elevation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the expression of VCAM-1 which is a cell adhesion factor in blood vessels, and is therefore useful as a prophylactic and / or therapeutic agent for arteriosclerosis and the like. is there. Furthermore, PPARα activators are useful for the prevention and / or treatment of diabetes, inflammatory diseases, and even heart diseases (see Non-Patent Documents 8 to 14).
[0004]
On the other hand, PPARγ is mainly expressed in adipocytes and plays an important role in differentiation and proliferation of adipocytes. As PPARγ activators, thiazolidine derivatives such as troglitazone, pioglitazone, and rosiglitazone are known. These drugs induce hypertrophic adipocytes with reduced insulin sensitivity into small adipocytes with high insulin sensitivity to improve insulin resistance (see Non-Patent Documents 15 to 18). However, it has an unfavorable effect of increasing fat, increasing body weight and causing obesity in humans (see Non-Patent Document 19), and recently there has been a report showing that insulin resistance can be improved even by a PPARγ antagonist. (See Non-Patent Documents 20 to 22).
[0005]
Also, it has been reported that PPARδ is ubiquitous in the body and is involved in lipid metabolism. However, there have been few reports of highly selective PPARδ activators, and the biological significance of PPARδ was unclear. At present, the structures of PPARδ activators are reported in many bibliographies (see Non-Patent Documents 23 to 24), and it has been reported that GW501516, which is a PPARδ activator, increases HDL in monkeys (non Patent Document 25). However, on the other hand, compound F which is a PPARδ activator (Patent Literature 1) accumulates lipids in human macrophages (see Non-Patent Literature 26) and furthermore, PPARδ activation was confirmed by experiments using PPARδ-deficient mice. Has been suggested to lead to lipid accumulation (see Non-Patent Document 27). These phenomena have opposite effects on the progression of arteriosclerosis and the treatment, and therefore, the therapeutic significance of PPARδ has not yet been elucidated.
[0006]
From these facts, PPARα selective activators having low PPARγ and δ activities can be used to prevent hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, diabetic complications, inflammation, heart disease, etc. without weight gain and obesity. And / or is expected to be useful in therapy.
[0007]
On the other hand, the following general formula
[0008]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0009]
[R1Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a nitro group or a trifluoromethyl group;2Is -COOR3(In the group, R3Represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) or 1H-tetrazol-5-yl group, and J represents a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (one of the alkylene groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms). Is a -S- group, -SO- group, -SO2— Group, —O— group or R4-Group (in the group, R4May be replaced by a group selected from a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), 2 to 8 alkenylene having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (one carbon atom of the alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is- S-group, -SO- group, -SO2— Group, —O— group or R5-Group (in the group, R5May be replaced by a group selected from a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), and represents a = C- group, = C- (1 to 8 carbon atoms) -group (the carbon One carbon atom of the alkylene group of the formulas 1 to 8 is a -S- group, -SO- group, -SO2— Group, —O— group or R6-Group (in the group, R6May be replaced by a group selected from a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) or C- (2-8 alkenylene) -group (of the above 2-8 alkenylene group) One carbon atom represents a -S- group, -SO- group, -SO2— Group, —O— group or R7-Group (in the group, R7Represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), and G represents a carbocyclic group or a heterocyclic group (the carbocyclic group in the G group) And the heterocyclic group may be substituted with 1 to 4 groups selected from the following (i) to (v): (i) an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and (ii) an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Alkoxy group, (iii) halogen atom, (iv) trifluoromethyl group, (v) nitro group), E1Represents 1) a single bond, 2) an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, 3) an alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or 4) an alkynylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;2Is 1) -O- group, 2) -S- group, or 3) -NR8-Group (in the group, R8Represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms);3Represents 1) a single bond or 2) an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, m represents 0 or 1, and “Cycl” represents 1) no ring or 2) saturated, partially saturated or unsaturated. Represents a 5- to 7-membered carbocycle. A non-toxic salt thereof, an acid addition salt thereof or a hydrate thereof as an active ingredient is known as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor regulator (see Patent Document 2). .
[0010]
In the above general formula, R2Is -COOR3, R3Is a hydrogen atom, J is a single bond, G is a halogen-substituted carbocyclic group (benzene ring), E1Is a C1-8 alkylene group or a 2-8 alkenylene group, E2Is a -S- group, E3Is a single bond, m is 0 and no Cyc1 ring is present, which corresponds to the benzoic acid derivative of the present invention represented by the following general formula (1). However, Patent Document 2 does not specifically describe the benzoic acid derivative of the present invention, and furthermore, the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof has a selective PPARα activating action. Has no specific description or suggestion, and its effect has not been confirmed at all.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
WO 97/28149
[Patent Document 2]
WO 99/11255
[Non-patent document 1]
Nature, 347, 645-650, 1990.
[Non-patent document 2]
Cell, 68, pp879-887, 1992.
[Non-Patent Document 3]
Cell, 97, pp161-163, 1999.
[Non-patent document 4]
Biochim. Biophys. Acta. , 1302, pp93-109, 1996.
[Non-Patent Document 5]
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43, pp. 527-550, 2000
[Non-Patent Document 6]
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 90, 1702-1709, 1998.
[Non-Patent Document 7]
Current Opinion in Lipidology, 10, pp 245-257, 1999
[Non-Patent Document 8]
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 3, pp81-89, 1996.
[Non-Patent Document 9]
Current Pharmaceutical Design, 3, pp1-14, 1997
[Non-Patent Document 10]
Current Opinion in Lipidology, 10, pp 151-159, 1999
[Non-Patent Document 11]
Current Opinion in Lipidology, 10, pp 245-257, 1999
[Non-Patent Document 12]
The Lancet, 354, pp 141-148, 1999.
[Non-patent document 13]
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43, pp. 527-550, 2000
[Non-patent document 14]
Journal of Cardiovascular Risk, 8, pp195-201, 2001.
[Non-Patent Document 15]
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270, 12953-12956, 1995
[Non-Patent Document 16]
Endocrinology, 137, pp4189-4195, 1996.
[Non-Patent Document 17]
Trends Endocrinol. Metab. , 10, pp9-13, 1999
[Non-Patent Document 18]
J. Clin. Invest. , 101, pp1354-1361, 1998.
[Non-Patent Document 19]
The Lancet, 349, pp952, 1997.
[Non-Patent Document 20]
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , 96, pp6102-6106, 1999.
[Non-Patent Document 21]
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275, pp 1873-1877, 2000.
[Non-Patent Document 22]
J. Clin. Invest. , 108, 1001-1103, 2001
[Non-Patent Document 23]
Diabetes, 46, 1319-1327, 1997.
[Non-Patent Document 24]
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43, pp. 527-550, 2000
[Non-Patent Document 25]
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , 98, pp5306-5311, 2001.
[Non-Patent Document 26]
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276, pp. 44258-44265, 2001.
[Non-Patent Document 27]
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , 99, pp 303-308, 2002.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a PPARα selective activity that is useful as a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, diabetic complications, inflammation, heart disease, etc. without weight gain and obesity. To provide an activated compound.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Thus, the present inventors have conducted various studies to find a compound that selectively activates α-type among PPARs. As a result, a benzoic acid derivative represented by the following general formula (1) selectively activates PPARα, The present invention has been found to be useful as a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, diabetic complications, inflammation, heart disease and the like without weight gain and obesity, and completed the present invention.
[0014]
That is, the present invention provides the following general formula (1)
[0015]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0016]
(Wherein -A- is -CH2-CH2— Group, —CH = CH— group, —CH (OH) —CH2-Group or -C (O) -CH2X represents an oxygen atom, an NH group or S (O)nA benzoic acid derivative represented by a group (where n represents a number of 0, 1 or 2) or a salt thereof is provided.
Further, the present invention provides a medicament comprising a benzoic acid derivative represented by the above general formula (1) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
The present invention provides a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activator comprising a benzoic acid derivative represented by the above general formula (1) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
The present invention relates to the prevention and / or prevention of diseases selected from hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, diabetic complications, inflammation and heart disease, using a benzoic acid derivative represented by the above general formula (1) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. Or a therapeutic agent is provided.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a benzoic acid derivative represented by the above general formula (1) or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention, -A- is -CH2-CH2— Group, —CH = CH— group or —C (O) —CH2X is S (O)n(Wherein n is as defined above).
Further, the following general formula (1a)
[0018]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0019]
(Wherein -A'- is -CH2-CH22- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoic acid, 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoic acid represented by -group or -CH = CH- group, or These salts are particularly preferred because of their excellent PPARα selective activation.
[0020]
Examples of the salt of the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention include: alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt; ammonium salt and trialkylamine salt And the like; mineral salts such as hydrochloride and sulfate; organic acid salts such as acetate and the like. Of these salts, alkali metal salts, particularly sodium salts, are preferred.
[0021]
The benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention may be a solvate represented by a hydrate. Further, the benzoic acid derivative of the present invention may have cis or trans geometric isomers or optical isomers, and these isomers are also included in the present invention.
[0022]
The benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention can be produced, for example, by appropriately combining a synthesis route described below or a part thereof.
[0023]
(1) Synthesis route 1
[0024]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0025]
(In the formula, R represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an allyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Y represents a halogen atom, and X ′ represents a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom, or an NH group.)
[0026]
7-halo-1-heptanol (2) is oxidized to an aldehyde form (3), to which a chlorophenyl group is introduced with a Grignard reagent to obtain a compound (4), to which thiosalicylate, salicylate or anthranilic acid is added. The ester is reacted to obtain a compound (5), which is then hydrolyzed to obtain a compound (1b). Hereinafter, each step will be described.
[0027]
First step: 7-halo-1-heptanol (2) is dissolved in a solvent such as chloroform and dichloromethane, and after adding an oxidizing agent such as pyridinium chlorochromate and pyridinium dichromate, the solution is cooled or heated for 30 minutes. Stir for several hours.
Second step: After dissolving the obtained aldehyde compound (3) in an inert solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ether or dimethoxyethane, an inert solvent solution of 4-chlorophenylmagnesium halide is added under an inert gas atmosphere. The mixture is stirred under cooling or at room temperature or lower for 30 minutes to several hours.
Third step: thiosalicylic acid ester, salicylic acid ester or anthranilic acid ester is dissolved in a solvent such as acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, chloroform, dichloromethane and the like, and potassium carbonate is added. The halogen compound (4) obtained in the previous step is added in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate, diisopropylethylamine and the like, and the mixture is heated at room temperature or under heating for 1 to 24 hours.
Fourth step: The obtained ester compound (5) is dissolved in a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, or 1,2-dimethoxyethane, and a base such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide is dissolved. The mixture is stirred under cooling or heating for 1 to 24 hours, and acidified by adding an acid such as hydrochloric acid.
[0028]
(2) Synthesis route 2
[0029]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0030]
(R and X 'in the formula represent the same as described above.)
[0031]
A chlorophenyl group is introduced into 1,7-dihaloheptane (6) with a Grignard reagent to obtain a compound (8), which is hydrolyzed to obtain a compound (1c).
[0032]
First step: 1,7-dihaloheptane (6) is dissolved in an anhydrous solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, ether, 1,2-diethoxyethane and the like, and an inert solvent solution of 4-chlorophenylmagnesium halide is added under an inert gas atmosphere. In addition, the mixture is stirred for 1 to 4 hours under cooling or heating. At this time, copper chloride, lithium chloride or the like may be added as a catalyst.
Second step: Performed in the same manner as in the third step of synthesis route 1.
Third step: Performed in the same manner as in the fourth step of synthesis route 1.
[0033]
(3) Synthesis route 3
[0034]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0035]
(R and A in the formula are the same as described above, and n 'is an integer of 1 or 2)
[0036]
The compound (9) obtained by the above synthesis route 1 or 2 is oxidized to a compound (10), which is then hydrolyzed to obtain a compound (1f).
[0037]
First step: The sulfide compound (9) as a raw material is dissolved in a solvent such as dichloromethane or chloroform, and an oxidizing agent such as m-chloroperbenzoic acid, peracetic acid, or perbenzoic acid is added, and the mixture is cooled or heated. For 30 minutes to 24 hours.
Second step: Performed in the same manner as in the fourth step of synthesis route 1.
[0038]
(4) Synthetic route 4
[0039]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0040]
(R and X represent the same as above)
[0041]
Compound (11) is subjected to a dehydration reaction to obtain compound (12), which is then hydrolyzed to obtain compound (1 g).
[0042]
First step: The raw material alcohol (11) is dissolved in a solvent such as toluene or benzene, an acid such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or methanesulfonic acid is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature or under heating for 30 minutes to 24 hours. .
Second step: Performed in the same manner as in the fourth step of synthesis route 1.
[0043]
(5) Synthesis route 5
[0044]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0045]
(R and X represent the same as above.)
[0046]
Compound (11) is oxidized to give compound (13), which is then hydrolyzed to give compound (1h).
[0047]
First step: The raw material alcohol (11) is dissolved in a solvent such as chloroform or dichloromethane, and an oxidizing agent such as manganese dioxide, pyridinium chlorochromate, pyridinium dichromate or chromic acid is added, followed by stirring for 1 to 24 hours.
Second step: Performed in the same manner as in the fourth step of synthesis route 1.
[0048]
After the reaction of each step of the above synthesis route, post-treatment and purification may be performed according to a conventional method. The purification method can be carried out using ordinary purification means such as a recrystallization method and column chromatography. If necessary, the desired salt or solvate can be obtained by a conventional method.
[0049]
The thus obtained benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) or a salt thereof according to the present invention has a selective PPARα activating action, as shown in Example 15 described below, and therefore has a weight in mammals including humans. It is useful as a prophylactic and / or therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, diabetic complications (such as diabetic nephropathy), inflammation, and heart disease without increasing or obesity.
[0050]
The administration form of the medicament containing the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof as an active ingredient is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of treatment. Liquid preparations, injections, suppositories, external preparations, eye drops, nasal drops, ear drops, patches and the like. These preparations can be produced by blending a known pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a preparation method known to those skilled in the art.
[0051]
In the case of a solid preparation for oral use, the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof is added to an excipient, a binder, a disintegrant, a lubricant, a coloring agent, if necessary, After adding carriers such as flavoring agents and flavoring agents, tablets, granules, powders, capsules and the like are prepared in a usual manner.
As an excipient, lactose, sodium chloride, glucose, starch, microcrystalline cellulose, silicic acid, etc., as a binder, water, ethanol, propanol, simple syrup, gelatin solution, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, shellac, calcium phosphate, Polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like, agar powder, sodium bicarbonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, monoglyceride stearate and the like as disintegrants, purified talc, stearate, borax, polyethylene glycol as lubricants and β as colorant -Carotene, yellow iron sesquioxide, carmella and the like, and flavoring agents include sucrose, orange peel and the like.
[0052]
When a liquid preparation for oral use is prepared, a carrier such as a flavoring agent, a buffer, a stabilizer and a preservative is added to the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof. It is prepared into an oral solution, syrup, elixir and the like according to the method.
Examples of the flavoring agent include sucrose and the like, examples of the buffer include sodium citrate and the like, examples of the stabilizer include tragacanth and the like, and examples of the preservatives include paraoxybenzoate.
[0053]
When an injection is used, a benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof is added with a carrier such as a pH adjusting agent, a stabilizing agent, an isotonic agent, and the like, followed by a conventional method. It is prepared into subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections.
Examples of the pH adjuster include sodium phosphate and the like, examples of the stabilizer include sodium pyrosulfite and the like, and examples of the tonicity agent include sodium chloride and the like.
[0054]
In the case of a suppository, a benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof is added with a carrier such as a base and a surfactant and then prepared by a conventional method.
Examples of the base include polyethylene glycol and hard fat, and examples of the surfactant include polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as polysorbate 80.
[0055]
When used as an external preparation, a carrier such as a base, a water-soluble polymer, a solvent, a surfactant and a preservative is added to the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof. It is prepared into liquids, creams, gels, ointments and the like by a conventional method.
Liquid paraffin, white petrolatum, purified lanolin and the like as a base, carboxyvinyl polymer and the like as a water-soluble polymer, glycerin and water as a solvent, and polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester and the like as a surfactant are stored. Examples of the agent include paraoxybenzoate.
[0056]
When used as eye drops, after adding a carrier such as a pH adjuster, a stabilizer, an isotonic agent, a preservative to the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof, Prepare by the usual method.
Examples of the pH adjuster include sodium phosphate and the like, examples of the stabilizer include sodium pyrosulfite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and the like, examples of the isotonic agent include sodium chloride and the like, and examples of the preservatives include chlorobutanol and the like.
[0057]
In the case of a nasal drop, a carrier such as a pH regulator, a stabilizer, an isotonic agent, a preservative, etc. is added to the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof. And prepared by a conventional method.
Examples of the pH adjuster include sodium phosphate and the like, examples of the stabilizer include sodium pyrosulfite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and the like, examples of the isotonic agent include sodium chloride and the like, and examples of the preservatives include benzalkonium chloride and the like.
[0058]
When used as ear drops, a benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof is added with a carrier such as a pH adjuster, a buffer, a stabilizer, an isotonic agent, a preservative, and the like. After addition, it is prepared by a conventional method.
Sodium phosphate and the like as pH adjusters and buffers, sodium pyrosulfite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as stabilizers, sodium chloride and the like as tonicity agents, and benzalkonium chloride and the like as preservatives. No.
[0059]
In the case of a patch, a carrier such as an adhesive, a solvent, a cross-linking agent and a surfactant is added to the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention or a salt thereof, and then water-containing is carried out by a conventional method. It is prepared into mold patches, plaster patches and the like.
Adhesives include partially neutralized polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl polyacrylate, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, etc., glycerin and water as solvents, and dihydroxy as a cross-linking agent. Aluminum aminoacetate, dried aluminum hydroxide gel and the like, and surfactants include polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters and the like.
[0060]
The dosage of the medicament of the present invention varies depending on age, body weight, symptoms, dosage form, number of administrations and the like, but is usually 1 to 1000 mg per day as a benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) for an adult, It is preferable to administer orally or parenterally once or several times.
[0061]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0062]
Production Example 1 Synthesis of 7-bromoheptanal
Pyridinium chlorochromate (9.94 g, 41.5 mmol with a purity of 90%) and sodium acetate (379 mg, 4.6 mmol) were suspended in 150 mL of methylene chloride, and 7-bromo-1-heptanol (3 (0.0 g, 15.4 mmol) in 40 mL of methylene chloride was added dropwise over 30 minutes. Stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. After completion of the reaction, 300 mL of diethyl ether was added for dilution, and the mixture was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: diethyl ether) to obtain a crude target compound (2.97 g, yield 99.9%) as a pale yellow oil.
[0063]
Production Example 2 Synthesis of 7-bromo-1- (4-chlorophenyl) -1-heptyl alcohol
Crude 7-bromoheptanal (2.97 g, 15.38 mmol) was dissolved in 110 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 15.5 mL of a 1.0 mol / L diethyl ether solution of 4-chlorophenylmagnesium bromide in diethyl ether at 0 ° C under an argon atmosphere. 0.5 mmol) was added dropwise. After completion of the reaction, 20 mL of a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride was added at 0 ° C., and the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The organic phase was washed with water and saturated saline, dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated under reduced pressure, and purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent hexane / ethyl acetate = 5/1) to give the target compound as a yellow oil (4. 05 g, yield 86.2%).
[0064]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.28-1.42 (6H, m), 1.66-1.87 (4H, m), 3.39 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 4.65 (1H, m) , 7.27 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 7.32 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz).
[0065]
Production Example 3 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylthio] benzoate
Methyl thiosalicylate (660 mg, 3.92 mmol) was dissolved in 30 mL of acetonitrile, and potassium carbonate (542 mg, 3.92 mmol), 7-bromo-1- (4-chlorophenyl) heptyl alcohol (1.0 g, 3.27 mmol), Potassium iodide (54 mg, 3.92 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 ° C for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, ethyl acetate was added, and the mixture was washed with water and saturated saline in this order, and dried over sodium sulfate. The reaction solution was filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, and separated by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane / ethyl acetate = 5/1) to give the target compound as a pale yellow oil (999 mg, yield 77.7%).
[0066]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.27-1.49 (6H, m), 1.64-1.74 (4H, m), 1.95 (1H, bs), 2.89 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz) , 3.90 (3H, s), 4.64 (1H, t, J = 6 Hz), 7.14 (1H, t, J = 7 Hz), 7.25-7.31 (5H, m), 7.42 (1H, t, J = 9 Hz), 7.94 (1H, dd, J = 8, 2 Hz).
[0067]
Production Example 4 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoate Methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylthio] benzoate (863 mg, 2.196 mmol) ) Was dissolved in 30 mL of toluene, p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (46 mg, 0.242 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 120 ° C for 1 hour. The reaction solution was returned to room temperature, ethyl acetate was added, and the mixture was washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, water and saturated saline in this order, and dried over sodium sulfate. The reaction solution was filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, and separated by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane / ethyl acetate = 10/1) to obtain the target compound as a pale yellow oil (633 mg, yield: 76.9%).
[0068]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.52-1.58 (4H, m), 1.75-1.77 (2H, m), 2.20-2.22 (2H, m), 2.93 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 3.91 (3H, s), 6.18 (1H, dt, J = 16, 7 Hz), 6.32 (1H, d, J = 16 Hz), 7.14 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.25 (4H, s), 6.32 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.43 (1H, t, J = 7 Hz), 7.95 (1H, dd, J = 8.1 Hz).
[0069]
Production Example 5 Synthesis of 1-bromo-7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptane
To a solution of 107.2 g (415.6 mmol) of 1,7-dibromoheptane in 200 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, 198 mg (2.0 mmol) of copper chloride and 170 mg (4.0 mmol) of lithium chloride were added, and the atmosphere was replaced with argon. . To this suspension, 300 mL (300 mmol) of a 1.0 mol / L diethyl ether solution of 4-chlorophenylmagnesium bromide was added dropwise over 30 minutes under an argon atmosphere and water cooling, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours after completion of the dropwise addition. To the reaction solution, 250 mL of 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid and then 300 mL of chloroform were added under water cooling. After insoluble matter was removed from the obtained suspension by filtration using Celite, an organic layer was extracted from the filtrate. Further, the organic layers extracted with chloroform (100 mL × 2) were combined, washed with water (100 mL), washed with saturated saline (100 mL), removed with sodium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was distilled under reduced pressure, and a fraction of 126 to 136 ° C./3 mm Hg was collected to obtain a colorless oily crude target compound (24.19 g, yield 20.1%).
[0070]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.15-1.70 (8H, m), 1.84 (2H, q, J = 7 Hz), 2.57 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 3.40 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 7.09 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.23 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz).
[0071]
Production Example 6 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoate
To a solution of 38.49 g (132.9 mmol) of 1-bromo-7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptane in 200 mL of acetonitrile, 36.73 g (265.8 mmol) of potassium carbonate and 11.03 g of potassium iodide ( 66.45 mmol) was added. To this mixture, a solution of 33.5 g (purity 97%, 199.4 mmol) of methyl thiosalicylate in 20 mL of acetonitrile was added dropwise over 10 minutes, and after completion of the addition, 30 minutes at room temperature and then 4 hours at a bath temperature of 60 ° C. Stirred. After confirming the disappearance of the raw materials by TLC, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and 500 mL of water, 500 mL of chloroform, and 300 mL of 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid were added to the residue, and the organic layer was extracted. The organic layer was washed with water (200 mL) and saturated saline solution (200 mL), then water was removed with sodium sulfate, and the residue obtained by distillation under reduced pressure was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (SiO 2).2Purification was carried out using 1000 g, eluent hexane / ethyl acetate = 30/1). The fraction containing the target compound was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the target compound as a white oil (31.28 g, yield 83.0%).
[0072]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.22-1.62 (8H, m), 1.72 (2H, q, J = 7 Hz), 2.56 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 2.91 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 3.91 (3H, s), 7.09 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.14 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.23 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.26-7.33 (1H, m), 7.43 (1H, td, J = 8, 2 Hz), 7.95 (1H, dd, J = 8, 2 Hz).
[0073]
Production Example 7 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylsulfinyl] benzoate
Methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoate (320 mg, 0.849 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of chloroform, and m-chloroperbenzoic acid (183 mg, 0.849 mmol with a purity of 80%). ) And stirred under ice cooling for 90 minutes. 5 mL of a 5% aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution was added to the reaction solution to extract an organic layer. The organic layer was washed with 5 mL of water and 5 mL of saturated saline, and then dried over sodium sulfate. This solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified using flash column chromatography (eluent: hexane / ethyl acetate = 1/1). The fraction containing the target compound was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound (231) as a colorless oil.
mg, 69.2% yield).
[0074]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.21-1.81 (9H, m), 1.96 (1H, m), 2.55 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 2.66 (1H, m), 3.14 (1H, ddd, J = 13, 10, 7 Hz), 3.94 (3H, s), 7.08 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.23 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7 .56 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.81 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 8.09 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.25 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz) .
[0075]
Production Example 8 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylsulfonyl] benzoate
Methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoate (320 mg, 0.849 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of chloroform, and m-chloroperbenzoic acid (366 mg, 1.70 mmol with a purity of 80%). ) And stirred at room temperature for 90 minutes. 5 mL of a 5% aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution was added to the reaction solution to extract an organic layer. The organic layer was washed with 5 mL of water and 5 mL of saturated saline, and then dried over sodium sulfate. This solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified using flash column chromatography (eluent: hexane / ethyl acetate = 1/1). The fraction containing the target compound was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the target compound as a colorless oil (204 mg, yield: 58.8%).
[0076]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.17-1.46 (6H, m), 1.46-1.66 (2H, m), 1.69-1.88 (2H, m), 2.54 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 3.47 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 3.96 (3H, s), 7.07 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.22 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.60-7.72 (3H, m), 8.06 (1H, d, J = 6 Hz).
[0077]
Production Example 9 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylsulfinyl] benzoate
In the same manner as in Production Example 7, methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylthio] benzoate (100 mg, 0.254 mmol) was obtained as a colorless oily target compound (69 mg, yield 66). %).
[0078]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.22-1.82 (9H, m), 1.96 (1H, m), 2.64 (1H, m), 3.12 (1H, ddd, J = 13, 10, 7 Hz) , 3.94 (3H, s), 4.64 (1H, t, J = 7 Hz), 7.26 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 7.31 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 7 .55 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.80 (1H, t, J = 9 Hz), 8.08 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.24 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz) .
[0079]
Production Example 10 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylsulfinyl] benzoate
In the same manner as in Production Example 7, the target compound (2.73 g, colorless oil) was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoate (3.08 g, 8.22 mmol) as a colorless oil. 85.0%).
[0080]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.39-1.62 (4H, m), 1.62-1.86 (1H, m), 1.86-2.12 (1H, m), 2.15-23.32 ( 2H, m), 2.69 (1H, ddd, J = 13, 10, 7 Hz), 3.17 (1H, ddd, J = 13, 10, 5 Hz), 3.95 (3H, s), 6. 17 (1H, dt, J = 16, 7 Hz), 6.33 (1H, d, J = 16 Hz), 7.21-7.31 (4H, m), 7.59 (1H, m), 7. 81 (1H, td, J = 8, 1 Hz), 8.09 (1H, dd, J = 8, 1 Hz), 8.26 (1H, dd, J = 8, 1 Hz).
[0081]
Production Example 11 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylsulfonyl] benzoate
In the same manner as in Production Example 8, the target compound (53.4 mg, yield: white solid) was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylthio] benzoate (89 mg, 0.226 mmol). 56%).
[0082]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.19-1.47 (6H, m), 1.57-1.83 (4H, m), 3.46 (2H, m), 3.96 (3H, s), 4.63 (1H, dd, J = 7, 6 Hz), 7.26 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.31 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.63-7.71 (3H, m) , 8.05 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz).
[0083]
Production Example 12 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylsulfonyl] benzoate
In the same manner as in Production Example 4, the target compound (25.1) was obtained as a pale yellow oil from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylsulfonyl] benzoate (30.5 mg, 0.075 mmol). mg, yield 86%).
[0084]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.40-1.57 (4H, m), 1.74-1.92 (2H, m), 2.14-2.29 (2H, m), 3.51 (2H, m) , 3.97 (3H, s), 6.14 (1H, dt, J = 16, 7 Hz), 6.32 (1H, d, J = 16 Hz), 7.20-7.31 (4H, m). , 7.60-7.73 (3H, m), 8.07 (1H, d, J = 6 Hz).
[0085]
Production Example 13 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylthio] benzoate
Methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylthio] benzoate (99.6 mg, 0.254 mmol) was dissolved in 2 mL of methylene chloride, and pyridinium chlorochromate (60.9 mg, with a purity of 90%) was dissolved. (0.254 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. A solution portion obtained by adding 10 mL of diethyl ether to the reaction solution was eluted with a silica gel column (eluent: diethyl ether). The residue obtained by concentrating the eluate under reduced pressure was purified using flash column chromatography (eluent: hexane / ethyl acetate = 10/1). The fraction containing the target compound was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the target compound as a colorless oil (65.0 mg, yield 66%).
[0086]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.35-1.49 (2H, m), 1.49-1.60 (2H, m), 1.66-1.84 (4H, m), 2.88-2.99 ( 4H, m), 3.91 (3H, s), 7.14 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.30 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.38-7.49 (3H) , M), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.96 (1H, d,
J = 8 Hz).
[0087]
Production Example 14 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylsulfinyl] benzoate
In the same manner as in Production Example 7, the target compound as a white solid (156 mg, yield 74) was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylthio] benzoate (200 mg, 0.513 mmol). 0.7%).
[0088]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.32-1.85 (7H, m), 1.98 (1H, m), 2.69 (1H, ddd, J = 13, 10, 5 Hz), 2.93 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 3.16 (1H, ddd, J = 13, 10, 7 Hz), 3.95 (3H, s), 7.43 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.56 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.81 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.88 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.09 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.27 ( 1H, d, J = 8 Hz).
[0089]
Production Example 15 Synthesis of methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylsulfonyl] benzoate
In the same manner as in Production Example 8, the target compound (128 mg, yield 59) as a white solid was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylthio] benzoate (200 mg, 0.513 mmol). 0.0%).
[0090]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.25-1.58 (4H, m), 1.60-1.90 (4H, m), 2.92 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 3.50 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 3.97 (3H, s), 7.43 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.61-7.72 (3H, m), 7.88 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.06 (1H, d, J = 6 Hz).
[0091]
Example 1 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoic acid
Methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoate (1.80 g, 4.80 mmol) was dissolved in 10 mL of methanol and 10 mL of tetrahydrofuran, 3 mL of a 4 mol / L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was brought to room temperature. And stirred. After the reaction was completed, 250 mL of water was added, and concentrated hydrochloric acid was added at 0 ° C. to make the mixture weakly acidic. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with water and saturated saline in this order, and dried over magnesium sulfate. The reaction solution was filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, and then separated by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane / ethyl acetate = 1/1) to obtain the target compound as colorless crystals (1.50 g, yield 86.7%). .
[0092]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Delta: 1.53-1.54 (4H, m), 1.74-1.79 (2H, m), 2.20-2.25 (2H, m), 2.94 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 6.18 (1H, dt, J = 16, 6 Hz), 6.33 (1H, dd, J = 16, 1 Hz), 7.20 (1H, t, 8 Hz), 7.25 ( 7. 2H, d, J = 1 Hz, 7.26 (2H, d, J = 1 Hz), 7.35 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.48 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 8. 13 (1H, dd, J = 8, 1 Hz).
[0093]
Example 2 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoic acid sodium salt
2- [7- (4-Chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoic acid (1.25 g, 3.450 mmol) was dissolved in 20 mL of methanol, and a solution of sodium methoxide (205 mg, 3.795 mmol) in 20 mL of methanol was added. Was. After all were dissolved and homogenized, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and recrystallized from ethanol to obtain the target compound as colorless crystals (1.24 g, yield 93.9%).
[0094]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3+ CD3OD) δ: 1.50-1.52 (4H, m), 1.71-1.75 (2H, m), 2.20 (2H, m), 2.91 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz) ), 6.18 (1H, dt, J = 16, 7 Hz), 6.34 (1H, d, J = 16 Hz), 7.13 (1H, dt, J = 8, 1 Hz), 7.25 (4H) , S), 7.27 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.35 (1H, dt, J = 8, 1 Hz), 8.13 (1H, dd, J = 8, 2 Hz).
[0095]
Example 3 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoate (31.28 g, 83.0 mmol) was obtained as a white crystalline powder of the target compound (19.41 g, yield). 64.5%).
[0096]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.20-1.85 (10H, m), 2.57 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 2.92 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.09 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.20 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.23 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.34 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.49 (1H, td, J = 8, 1 Hz), 8.13 (1H, dd, J = 8, 1 Hz).
IR (KBr): 2925, 1674, 1561, 1492, 1464, 1409, 1317, 1253, 1047, 915, 756 cm-1
mp 109.1-109.5 ° C
[0097]
Example 4 Synthesis of sodium salt of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoic acid In the same manner as in Example 2, 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoic acid (7.23 g, 19 9.9 mmol) to give the target compound (4.25 g, yield 55.4%) as white crystalline powder.
[0098]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 7.59 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.33-7.03 (7H, m), 2.84 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 2.56 (2H, t) , J = 8 Hz), 1.71-1.23 (10H, m).
[0099]
Example 5 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylthio] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylthio] benzoate (134 mg, 0.341 mmol) was obtained as a pale yellow oily target compound (108 mg, yield 83.30 mg). 6%).
[0100]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.12-1.90 (10H, m), 2.91 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 4.66 (1H, t, J = 7 Hz), 7.10-7.39 ( 6H, m), 7.48 (1H, t, J = 7 Hz), 8.11 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz).
[0101]
Example 6 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylsulfinyl] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, a colorless oily target compound (68 mg, yield quantitative) was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylsulfinyl] benzoate (69 mg, 0.18 mmol). Was.
[0102]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.05-1.63 (8H, m), 1.68 (1H, m), 1.93 (1H, m), 2.53 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 2.75 (1H, m), 3.17 (1H, ddd, J = 13, 10, 7 Hz), 7.06 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.20 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7 .58 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.83 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 8.16 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.27 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz) .
[0103]
Example 7 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylsulfonyl] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, a colorless oily target compound (103 mg, yield quantitative) was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylsulfonyl] benzoate (107 mg, 0.262 mmol). Was.
[0104]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 0.93-1.89 (10H, m), 2.52 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 3.56 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.05 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.20 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.46-7.77 (2H, m), 7.84 (1H, m), 8.11 (1H, m).
[0105]
Example 8 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylsulfinyl] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylsulfinyl] benzoate (10.0 mg, 0.024 mmol) was obtained as a colorless oily target compound (10.0 mg). , Yield quantitative).
[0106]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.22-1.82 (9H, m), 1.97 (1H, m), 2.70 (1H, m), 3.19 (1H, m), 4.65 (1H, t) , J = 7 Hz), 7.21 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 7.25 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 7.56 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.78 (1H) , T, J = 8 Hz), 8.13 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.21 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz).
[0107]
Example 9 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylsulfinyl] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylsulfinyl] benzoate (2.71 g, 6.93 mmol) as a white crystalline powder of the target compound (2. 55
g, yield 97.6%).
[0108]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.30-1.60 (4H, m), 1.60-1.86 (1H, m), 1.86-2.10 (1H, m), 2.10-2.30 ( 2H, m), 2.77 (1H, m), 3.20 (1H, m), 6.13 (1H, dt, J = 16, 7 Hz), 6.16 (1H, d, J = 16 Hz) , 7.10-7.35 (4H, m), 7.56 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.81 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 8.15 (1H, d, J = 8Hz), 8.26 (1H, d, J = 8Hz).
[0109]
Example 10 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylsulfonyl] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, the target compound (7.4 mg, yield: colorless oil) was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-hydroxyheptylsulfonyl] benzoate (10 mg, 0.0236 mmol). 77%).
[0110]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.19-1.58 (6H, m), 1.58-1.95 (4H, m), 3.51 (2H, m), 4.67 (1H, dd, J = 8, 5 Hz), 7.26-7.49 (4H, m), 7.63-7.76 (2H, m), 7.97 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.08 (1H, dd, J = 8.1 Hz).
[0111]
Example 11 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylsulfonyl] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, colorless oily target compound (32 mg, yield: 25.1 mg, 0.0617 mmol) was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylsulfonyl] benzoate (25.1 mg, 0.0617 mmol). Rate quantitative).
[0112]
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.39-1.52 (4H, m), 1.72-1.96 (2H, m), 2.10-2.32 (2H, m), 3.57 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 6.13 (1H, dt, J = 16, 7 Hz), 6.29 (1H, d, J = 16 Hz), 7.13-7.37 (4H, m), 7.61- 7.75 (2H, m), 7.83 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.10 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz).
[0113]
Example 12 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylthio] benzoic acid Similarly to Example 1, 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylthio] benzoic acid The target compound (128 mg, yield 97.6%) was obtained as a white solid from methyl acidate (136 mg, 0.348 mmol).
[0114]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.32-1.86 (8H, m), 2.85-3.14 (4H, m), 7.22 (1H, m), 7.32-7.54 (2H, m) , 7.43 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 7.89 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 8.13 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz).
[0115]
Example 13 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylsulfinyl] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, the target compound as a white solid (154 mg, yield quantitative) was obtained from methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylsulfinyl] benzoate (156 mg, 0.383 mmol). Got.
[0116]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.30-1.84 (7H, m), 2.02 (1H, m), 2.74 (1H, m), 2.94 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 3.21 (1H, m), 7.41 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 7.58 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.81 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.87 (2H) , D, J = 9 Hz), 8.17 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.26 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz).
[0117]
Example 14 Synthesis of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylsulfonyl] benzoic acid
In the same manner as in Example 1, methyl 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -7-oxoheptylsulfonyl] benzoate (128 mg, 0.303 mmol) was obtained as a pale yellow solid of the target compound (113 mg, yield). 91.2%).
[0118]
1H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3) Δ: 1.21-1.59 (4H, m), 1.62-1.93 (4H, m), 2.93 (2H, t, J = 7 Hz), 3.56 (2H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.42 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz), 7.65-7.76 (2H, m), 7.81-7.92 (3H, m), 8.10 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz).
[0119]
Example 15
As the benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention and the comparative compound, the compounds described in Example 6 (3) and Example 10 (1) of Patent Document 2 (hereinafter, compound A and compound 10 respectively) B) was measured by the following method (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 92, pp 7297-7301, 1995, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 269, pp 31012-31018, 1994). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, 98, pp 5306-5311, 2001).
[0120]
Embedded image
Figure 2004323426
[0121]
Transfection assay measurement
All transfection assays were performed using COS cells, a cell line derived from African green monkey kidney. Culture of COS cells is 5% CO2The DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, glutamic acid and antibiotics was used as a culture solution.
Transfection of the plasmid into the cells was performed by a method using Lipofectamine. PSG5hPPARα, pSG5hPPARg, and pcDNA3hPPARδ were used as expression vectors for wild-type human PPAR. The reporter vector used firefly luciferase and contained in its promoter region a PPAR response element on six human apoAII promoters. Further, an expression vector of β-galactosidase was used as an internal standard.
After transfection into the cells, the medium was replaced with a DMEM medium containing a compound (containing 0.2% serum), and the cells were further cultured for 16 hours. Thereafter, the luciferase activity and β-galactosidase activity in the cell lysate were measured.
Dimethyl sulfoxide was used for dissolving and diluting the compound, and the cells were treated so that the dimethyl sulfoxide concentration in the DMEM medium (containing 0.2% serum) was 0.1%. WY14643 is used as a positive compound for PPARα, troglitazone is used for PPARγ (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43, pp527-550, 2000), and GW501516 (Proc. Was used.
[0122]
Table 1 shows the results of measuring the hPPARα, hPPARγ, and hPPARδ agonist activities of these compounds.
[0123]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004323426
[0124]
Compound A shows an activating effect only on hPPARδ, and compound B shows EC activity of hPPARα and γ.50It only shows a 3-fold selectivity for the values. On the other hand, the benzoic acid derivative of the present invention exhibits excellent hPPARα activating action and selectivity, and clearly has better hPPARα selectivity than Compounds A and B.
[0125]
FIG. 1 shows ECs for activating hPPARα of the benzoic acid derivatives of Examples 1 and 3.50The concentration of the value and the activation fold of each isoform at 10 and 100 times the concentration are shown. Here, No. 1 is PPARα activated EC50No. indicates the activation ratio at the concentration of the value. 2 is PPARα activated EC50The activation rate at a concentration 10 times the value is shown. 3 is PPARα activated EC50The activation rate at 100 times the concentration is shown.
In addition, the activation factor was shown as a factor relative to the control, with the activity value when only a solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide) containing no compound was treated as a control. Compounds of Examples 1 and 3 activate hPPARα by EC50It can be seen that hPPARγ and δ are not activated even at 10 and 100 times the concentration of the value.
[0126]
The benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) or a salt thereof according to the present invention has a hPPARα selective activating activity clearly superior to conventionally known compounds.
[0127]
【The invention's effect】
The compound of the present invention has an action of selectively activating α-type of PPAR, and is not accompanied by weight gain or obesity, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, diabetic complication, inflammation, heart disease And the like are useful as preventive and / or therapeutic agents.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1: PPARα-activated EC of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoic acid50It is a figure which shows the density | concentration of a value, and the PPAR activation rate in 10 times and 100 times the density | concentration.
FIG. 2: PPARα-activated EC of 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoic acid50It is a figure which shows the density | concentration of a value, and the PPAR activation rate in 10 times and 100 times the density | concentration.

Claims (7)

次の一般式(1)
Figure 2004323426
(式中、−A−は−CH−CH−基、−CH=CH−基、−CH(OH)−CH−基又は−C(O)−CH−基を示し、Xは酸素原子、NH基又はS(O)基(ここで、nは0、1又は2の整数を示す))で表される安息香酸誘導体又はその塩。
The following general formula (1)
Figure 2004323426
(Wherein, -A- is -CH 2 -CH 2 - group, -CH = CH- group, -CH (OH) -CH 2 - group or a -C (O) -CH 2 - represents a group, X is A benzoic acid derivative represented by an oxygen atom, an NH group, or an S (O) n group (where n is an integer of 0, 1, or 2) or a salt thereof.
一般式(1)の−A−が−CH−CH−基、−CH=CH−基又は−C(O)−CH−基であり、XがS(O)基(ここで、nは0、1又は2の整数を示す))である請求項1記載の安息香酸誘導体又はその塩。Formula (1) of -A- is -CH 2 -CH 2 - group, -CH = CH- group or a -C (O) -CH 2 - is a group, X is S (O) n group (wherein , N represents an integer of 0, 1 or 2)). 安息香酸誘導体が、2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)−6−ヘプテニルチオ]安息香酸又は2−[7−(4−クロロフェニル)ヘプチルチオ]安息香酸である請求項1記載の安息香酸誘導体又はその塩。The benzoic acid derivative according to claim 1, wherein the benzoic acid derivative is 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) -6-heptenylthio] benzoic acid or 2- [7- (4-chlorophenyl) heptylthio] benzoic acid. . 請求項1〜3の何れか1項記載の安息香酸誘導体又はその塩を有効成分とするペルオキシソーム増殖薬活性化受容体α活性化剤。A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activator comprising the benzoic acid derivative according to claim 1 or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. 請求項1〜3の何れか1項記載の安息香酸誘導体又はその塩を有効成分とする医薬。A medicament comprising the benzoic acid derivative according to claim 1 or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. 請求項1〜3の何れか1項記載の安息香酸誘導体又はその塩を有効成分とする高脂血症、動脈硬化症、糖尿病、糖尿病合併症、炎症及び心疾患から選ばれる疾患の予防及び/又は治療剤。Prevention and / or prevention of diseases selected from hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, diabetic complications, inflammation and heart disease, comprising the benzoic acid derivative or a salt thereof according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as an active ingredient. Or therapeutic agents. 請求項1〜3の何れか1項記載の安息香酸誘導体又はその塩及び薬学的に許容される担体を含有する医薬組成物。A pharmaceutical composition comprising the benzoic acid derivative according to any one of claims 1 to 3, or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
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