【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
空調機の熱負荷の変動に応じて熱源装置の最適な運転台数制御を行なう空調熱源設備に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、ビル等の建築物の空調熱源設備は、空調機と熱源装置との間で冷水または温水からなる温調水を循環させ空調機で熱交換させるようにしている。この種の空調熱源設備は、温調水を発生する複数台の熱源装置を備え、空調機の熱負荷の変動に応じて上記複数台の熱源装置を運転状態または停止状態に制御する熱源装置の台数制御が行われている。図３は従来の代表的な熱源装置の台数制御を行なう空調熱源設備を示す。空調熱源設備は並列に設けた複数台の熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃと空調機２との間で上記温調水を循環させる循環路１０を形成している。循環路１０には、空調機２から温調水を各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃへ戻す還水管１２側に、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃに対応して温調水を圧送する複数の一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃを備えている。
【０００３】
各ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃはそれぞれ、上記熱交換後に空調機２から戻る温調水の水温を水温センサ４０および温度調節器４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃで検出し、検出した水温に基づいて、各ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃに設けられたポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃにより各ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの回転数を制御してそれらの流量を調整するようにしている。図の１３，１４は送水ヘッダおよび還水ヘッダであり、３ｄは空調機２側の二次ポンプ、１５は送水ヘッダ１３と還水ヘッダ１４間をつないだバイパス管でバルブ１６により開閉される。
【０００４】
また、空調熱源設備は、空調機２から戻る温調水の水温を検出する水温センサ４１と温度調節器４ｄ、およびこれらで検出した水温に基づいて各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの運転停止を制御する台数制御装置６Ａを備えている。台数制御装置６Ａは、空調機２で熱交換された温調水の水温を温度調節器４ｄで検出し、検出した水温と予め設定された設定水温との差によって空調機２の熱負荷状態を判定し、熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの運転停止制御をおこなうようにしている。台数制御装置６Ａは空調機２の熱負荷が大きいときに熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの運転台数を増加し、熱負荷が小さいときに運転台数を減少させる。しかしながら、熱交換後の温調水の水温変化のみで熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの台数制御を行っているので、台数制御の精度が低い。
【０００５】
そこで、他の従来の空調熱源設備として、熱交換後の負荷熱量を算出し、該負荷熱量により複数台の熱源装置の台数制御を行っているものがある。図４に示すように、台数制御装置６Ｂは、循環路１０の送水管１１側に各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃから空調機２へ送られる温調水の水温を検出する水温センサ４１ａを備え、還水管１２側に流量計７と熱交換後の水温を検出する水温センサ４１ｂを備えている。台数制御装置６Ｂは、空調機２へ送られる温調水の水温および熱交換後の水温との差と、温調水の流量から負荷熱量を算出する。空調機２の熱負荷が大きいと上記負荷熱量が大きくなるので熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの運転台数を増加し、熱負荷が小さいと負荷熱量が小さくなるので運転台数を減少させる。
【０００６】
更に、負荷熱量に基づいて熱源装置の台数制御を行う従来の他の空調熱源設備として、負荷熱量、ポンプ制御出力の回帰、ポンプ制御出力の予測、およびバイパス管９流量の情報に基づいて、より精度の高い熱源装置の台数制御を行うものがある（特許文献１参照。）。
【０００７】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−２５７９３８号公報
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の熱交換後の温調水の水温変化のみに基づいて台数制御を行なう設備では空調機の熱負荷の変動に応じて熱源装置の台数制御を精度よくできない。また、従来の水温の変化と流量との負荷熱量に基づいて台数制御を行う設備では、いずれも水温センサ４１ａ，４１ｂや流量計７等を増設しなければならず設備が複雑化してコストが高くなるうえ、制御も複雑になる。そこで本発明は、空調機による熱交換後の温調水の温度変化と流量の変化とに基づいて精度のよい熱源装置の台数制御を実現でき、簡素かつ低コストの設備ですむ空調熱源設備を提供することを課題としてなされたものである。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、冷水または温水たる温調水を熱媒体とする空調熱源設備であって、上記温調水を発生する複数台の熱源装置と、上記各熱源装置に対応して設けられ、上記温調水を空調機へ送るとともに、上記空調機から上記各熱源装置へ戻す複数台のポンプと、上記各ポンプに対応して設けられ、上記各熱源装置へ戻る温調水の水温を検出して上記空調機の熱負荷状態を検出する複数の熱負荷検出手段と、各熱負荷検出手段の検出結果に基づいて上記各ポンプの稼働状態を制御して温調水の流量を調整する複数台のポンプ流量制御装置を備えた空調熱源設備において、上記各ポンプ流量制御装置から上記各ポンプの稼働制御情報を受信し、該制御情報に基づいて上記複数台の熱源装置を運転状態または停止状態に制御せしめる台数制御装置を設ける（請求項１）。
【００１０】
上記台数制御装置は、上記空調機の熱負荷が大きく、上記各冷温水ポンプによる上記冷水または温水の流量が多くなったとき、運転状態にする上記熱源装置の台数を増やし、空調機の熱負荷が小さく、上記各冷温水ポンプによる冷水または温水の流量が少なくなったとき、停止状態とする熱源装置の台数を増やすようになす（請求項２）。また、上記台数制御装置が上記各ポンプ流量制御装置から受信する上記各ポンプの稼働制御情報を、上記各ポンプが所定の稼働状態に上がったときに上記各ポンプ流量制御装置から発信されるＯＮ信号と、上記各ポンプが所定の稼働状態に下がったときに各ポンプ流量制御装置から発信されるＯＦＦ信号との２種類の信号とする（請求項３）。
【００１１】
ポンプ流量制御装置は熱負荷検出手段による温調水の水温に基づいてポンプによる温調水の流量を制御するので、ポンプ流量制御装置からポンプの稼働制御情報を受ける台数制御装置は実質的に、温調水の水温と流量に基づいて熱源装置の台数制御を行なうこととなるので、精度の高い熱源装置の台数制御を行なうことができる。また台数制御装置は独自に温調水の水温や流量を計測する装置が不要で、空調熱源設備の設備が簡素化でき、コスト低減がはかれる。かつ台数制御装置は２種類の信号からなるポンプの稼働制御情報に基づいて制御するので簡単な制御ですむ。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１に示すように、空調熱源装置は、複数台の熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃから空調機２へ冷水または温水の温調水を送るとともに、空調機２から各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃへ上記温調水を戻す循環路１０が構成してある。各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃは循環路１０に並列に設けてあり、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃから空調機２へ温調水を送る送水管１１には各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃで発生した温調水を混ぜる送水側ヘッダ１３が設けてあり、かつ送水側ヘッダ１３と空調機２との間には二次ポンプ３ｄが設けてある。
【００１３】
循環路１０の還水管１２には空調機２から戻る温調水を還水側ヘッダ１４で各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃへ振り分けて戻すようにしてある。還水側ヘッダ１４と各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃとの間には、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃに対応する複数台の一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃが設けてある。
【００１４】
各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃは、電動モーターにより駆動するポンプである。各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃにはそれぞれ、上記各モーターへの供給電源の周波数を可変してモーターの回転速度を制御するインバーター装置たるポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃが電気的に接続してあり、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃはそれぞれ、各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃからの制御指令により温調水の流量を可変するようにしてある。
【００１５】
還水側ヘッダ１４から各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃへ至る還水管１２にはそれぞれ、温調水の水温を検知する熱負荷検出手段として、水温センサ４０と各水温センサ４０の検出値を読み取る温度調節器４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃが設けてある。各温度調節器４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃは各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃと電気的に接続してあり、温度調節器４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃは、上記読み取った温調水の水温情報に基づいて各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃへ制御信号を送信する。
【００１６】
各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの運転台数を制御する台数制御装置６は、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃと電気的に接続してあり、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃへこれらを運転させるか否かの制御指令を送るようにしてある。また、台数制御装置６は、各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃと電気的に接続してあり、各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃから各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの稼働制御情報を受信するようにしている。
【００１７】
空調熱源装置は、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃによって作られた温調水が、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃおよび二次ポンプ３ｄにより送水側ヘッダ１３を経由して空調機２へ圧送される。空調機２へ送られた温調水は、空調機２で熱交換された後、還水側ヘッダ１４を経由して再び各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃに戻ってくる。熱交換された温調水はその水温が変化する。この時、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃへ戻る温調水の水温を各水温センサ４０および各温度調節器４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃで検知し、各温度調節器４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃは、検知した水温と予め設定された設置水温とを比較し、これらの偏差に基づいて各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃを制御して各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの流量を増減変化させる。例えば冷房の場合、空調機２の熱負荷が大きい場合、熱交換後の温調水の水温が高くなり、設置水温との偏差が大きくなるので各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの流量を増加する。逆に、空調機２の熱負荷が小さいと、熱交換後の温調水の水温と上記設定水温との偏差が小さくなるので流量を減少させる。
【００１８】
そして、空調機２の熱負荷が小さく温調水の流量が減少したとき、台数制御装置６により複数台の熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの運転台数を減らして省エネ運転をはかる。台数制御装置６は、各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃから受信した上記稼働制御情報に基づいて各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃを運転または停止させる制御を行なう。以下、図２に基づいて台数制御装置６の制御内容の詳細を説明する。
【００１９】
例えば、空調熱源設備は、冷房時に、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数がそれぞれ５６Ｈｚのときに各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの冷房能力がそれぞれ約１００％となるように設定してあり、空調機２の最大熱負荷時に３台の熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃを合わせた約３００％の冷房能力が発揮される。尚、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃは各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数がそれぞれ３２Ｈｚのとき冷房能力が約５３％となるようにしてある。
【００２０】
各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃから台数制御装置６へ送信する上記稼働制御情報は２種類の信号からなり、一方は、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数が５４Ｈｚに上がったときに発信するＯＮ信号、他方は、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数が３２Ｈｚに下がったときに発信するＯＦＦ信号である。
【００２１】
図２に示すように、空調機２の熱負荷が上記全体の冷房能力の約２４０％に相当するとき、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの１台当りの冷房能力は約８０％必要で、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃは約４８Ｈｚで稼働している。冷房している室温が下がり空調機２の熱負荷が小さくなって約１６０％に低下すると（図のＡ位置）、一台当りの各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの冷房能力が約５３％ですみ、一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数がそれぞれ温調水の水温変化に基づいて約３２Ｈｚに下がる。このとき、各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃの上記稼働制御情報はＯＦＦ信号を発する。尚、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数は、必ずしも同時に下がらず、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃに対応する水温センサ４０や温度調節器４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃおよび各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃの精度によりずれが生じる。図では、最初に一次ポンプ３ａの稼働周波数が下がるものとする。
【００２２】
一次ポンプ３ａの稼働周波数が低下して台数制御装置６が最初のＯＦＦ信号を受信すると（図のＢ位置）、台数制御装置６は各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃのうちのいずれか一台を停止させる（図では熱源装置１ａを止めるものとする）。即ち、空調機２の熱負荷が約１６０％のとき、熱源装置１ａを１台停止しても他の２台の熱源装置１ｂ，１ｃをそれぞれ冷房能力約８０％以上で運転すれば、２台の熱源装置１ｂ，１ｃで必要な冷房能力を充分に確保できる。また、停止させる熱源装置１ａは必ずしも最初に稼働周波数が下がったものに限定せず、各熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃが順に停止するように台数制御装置６により選択制御させるようにする。台数制御装置６は熱源装置１ａを止めるとともに、これに対応する一次ポンプ３ａも止める。
【００２３】
熱源装置１ａを止めると、他の熱源装置１ｂ，１ｃの一台当りの冷房能力を約８０％に上げるため、各一次ポンプ３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数がそれぞれ温調水の水温変化に基づいて約４８Ｈｚに上がる。
【００２４】
更に、空調機２の熱負荷が小さくなって約８０％に低下すると（図のＣ位置）、各熱源装置１ｂ，１ｃの一台当りの冷房能力が約４０％となり、各一次ポンプ３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数がそれぞれ約３２Ｈｚ以下に下がる。このとき、各ポンプ流量制御装置５ｂ，５ｃの上記稼働制御情報はＯＦＦ信号を発する。
【００２５】
各一次ポンプ３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数が約３２Ｈｚ以下にさがって台数制御装置６が最初のＯＦＦ信号を受信すると、台数制御装置６は各熱源装置１ｂ，１ｃのうちのいずれか一台（熱源装置１ｂ）を停止させ、これに対応する一次ポンプ３ｂを停止させる。空調機２の熱負荷が約８０％となると、熱源装置１ｂを停止しても他の熱源装置１ｃを冷房能力約８０％以上で運転すれば、必要な冷房能力を確保できる。熱源装置１ｂを止めると、他の熱源装置１ｃの冷房能力を約８０％に上げるため、一次ポンプ３ｃの稼働周波数が約４８Ｈｚに上がる。
【００２６】
更に、冷房する室内の室温が下がって空調機２の熱負荷が下がると一次ポンプ３ｃの稼働周波数を下げ、熱源装置１ｃの冷房能力を下げる。空調機２の熱負荷が約１５〜２０％となると、熱源装置１ｃは、その本体内に組込まれた温度調節機能により自動的に停止する（図のＤ位置）。尚、台数制御装置６は、一次ポンプ３ｃの稼働周波数が３２Ｈｚ以下に下がるときにポンプ流量制御装置５ｃのＯＦＦ信号を受信しても、これに基づく熱源装置１ｃへの停止指令を発信しないようにしている。熱源装置１ｃが停止しても、一次ポンプ３ｃは最低稼働周波数（３０Ｈｚ）で継続稼働している。
【００２７】
次に、上記室温が上昇して空調機２の熱負荷が大きくなり、温調水の水温が上がると上記温度調節機能により自動的に停止した熱源装置１ｃが再度、運転を開始する（図のＥ位置）。空調機２の熱負荷が約８０％となると、これに応じて、一次ポンプ３ｃの稼働周波数が約４８Ｈｚに上昇し、熱源装置１ｃの冷房能力が約８０％となる。
【００２８】
更に、空調機２の熱負荷が大きくなり空調熱源設備全体の冷房能力の約１２０％に相当するとき、これに応じて、一次ポンプ３ｃの稼働周波数が上がり、熱源装置１ｃの冷房能力が約９０％程度まで増加すると、一次ポンプ３ｃの稼働周波数が約５４Ｈｚとなって、ポンプ流量制御装置５ｃから台数制御装置６へ上記稼働制御情報のＯＮ信号が発信される（図のＦ位置）。上記ＯＮ信号を受信した台数制御装置６は、停止状態の熱源装置１ａ，１ｂのいずれか一台を運転させる（図は熱源装置１ｂを運転させる）。これにより、各熱源装置１ｂ，１ｃの冷房能力は一台当り約６０％ですみ、各一次ポンプ３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数が約３７Ｈｚとなる。
【００２９】
更に、空調機２の熱負荷が約２１０％に増加すると、各熱源装置１ｂ，１ｃの１台当りの冷房能力が１００％以上となり、これに追従して、各一次ポンプ３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数が上がり、各熱源装置１ｂ，１ｃの冷房能力が約９０％程度まで増加すると、各一次ポンプ３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数が約５４Ｈｚとなって、各ポンプ流量制御装置５ｂ，５ｃから台数制御装置６へ上記稼働制御情報のＯＮ信号が発信される（図のＧ位置）。これらのいずれか早い信号を受けた台数制御装置６は、停止状態の熱源装置１ａへ運転指令を発信して熱源装置１ａを運転させる。熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃが運転することにより、一台当りの冷房能力は約７０％ですみ、各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの稼働周波数が約４３Ｈｚとなる。
【００３０】
このように、本発明の空調熱源設備は、台数制御装置６により、空調機２の熱負荷が下がると、熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの運転台数を減らすとともに、空調機２の熱負荷が上がったときに運転台数を増やす制御が行われ省エネ運転が実施される。熱源装置１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃの台数制御を実施するに当たって、台数制御装置６は、従来のように、独自に温調水の水温や流量を検知する水温センサや温度調節器および流量計が不要で低コストですむ。また、各ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃは温調水の水温変動に基づいて各一次ポンプ３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃの流量を制御しており、ポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃからポンプ稼働制御情報を受信する台数制御装置６は、実質的に温調水の水温変動と流量とに基づいて台数制御することとなり、空調機２の熱負荷の変動に追従する台数制御の精度が高い。しかもポンプ流量制御装置５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃから台数制御装置６が受信するポンプ稼働制御情報がＯＮ信号とＯＦＦ信号の２種類のみとし、空調機２の負荷熱量等を算出する必要がないので単純な制御ですむ。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
本発明の空調熱源設備によれば、空調機の熱負荷の変動に応じて、熱交換後の温調水の温度変化と、流量の変化とに基づいた精度の高い熱源装置の台数制御を実施することができ、かつ空調熱源設備自体を低コストにできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の空調熱源設備の温調水の循環路および電気的な接続を示す概略ブロック図である。
【図２】本発明の空調熱源設備の台数制御のタイミングチャートを示す図である。
【図３】従来の空調熱源設備の温調水の循環路および電気的な接続を示す概略ブロック図である。
【図４】従来の他の空調熱源設備の温調水の循環路および電気的な接続を示す概略ブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃ 熱源装置
２ 空調機
３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃ ポンプ（一次ポンプ）
４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃ 熱負荷検出装置（温度調節器）
４０ 水温センサ
５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃ ポンプ流量制御装置
６ 台数制御装置[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an air-conditioning heat source facility that performs optimal control of the number of operating heat source devices according to a change in a heat load of an air conditioner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, in an air-conditioning heat source facility of a building such as a building, temperature-regulated water composed of cold water or hot water is circulated between an air conditioner and a heat source device to exchange heat with the air conditioner. This type of air conditioning heat source equipment includes a plurality of heat source devices that generate temperature control water, and a heat source device that controls the plurality of heat source devices to an operating state or a stopped state according to a change in the heat load of the air conditioner. Number control is being performed. FIG. 3 shows an air conditioning heat source facility for controlling the number of typical conventional heat source devices. The air-conditioning heat source equipment forms a circulation path 10 for circulating the temperature-regulated water between the air conditioner 2 and a plurality of heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c provided in parallel. In the circulation path 10, a plurality of pressure-controlled water corresponding to each of the heat source devices 1 a, 1 b, and 1 c is sent to the return pipe 12 that returns temperature-controlled water from the air conditioner 2 to each of the heat source devices 1 a, 1 b, and 1 c. Primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c are provided.
[0003]
Each of the pumps 3a, 3b, and 3c detects the temperature of the temperature-regulated water returning from the air conditioner 2 after the heat exchange by the water temperature sensor 40 and the temperature controllers 4a, 4b, and 4c. The pumps 3a, 3b, and 3c are provided with pump flow controllers 5a, 5b, and 5c to control the rotation speeds of the pumps 3a, 3b, and 3c to adjust their flow rates. 13 and 14 are a water supply header and a return water header, 3d is a secondary pump on the side of the air conditioner 2, and 15 is a bypass pipe connecting the water supply header 13 and the return water header 14 and is opened and closed by a valve 16.
[0004]
Further, the air conditioning heat source equipment stops the operation of each heat source device 1a, 1b, 1c based on the water temperature sensor 41 and the temperature controller 4d for detecting the temperature of the temperature-regulated water returning from the air conditioner 2, and the water temperature detected by these. It is provided with a number control device 6A for controlling. The number control device 6A detects the temperature of the temperature-regulated water heat-exchanged by the air conditioner 2 with the temperature controller 4d, and determines the heat load state of the air conditioner 2 based on a difference between the detected water temperature and a preset set water temperature. The determination is made, and the operation stop control of the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c is performed. The number control device 6A increases the number of operating heat source devices 1a, 1b, and 1c when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is large, and decreases the number of operating heat sources when the heat load is small. However, since the number control of the heat source devices 1a, 1b, and 1c is performed only by the change in the temperature of the temperature-regulated water after the heat exchange, the accuracy of the number control is low.
[0005]
Therefore, as another conventional air conditioning heat source equipment, there is one in which a load heat amount after heat exchange is calculated and the number of heat source devices is controlled based on the load heat amount. As shown in FIG. 4, the number control device 6 </ b> B includes a water temperature sensor 41 a on the water pipe 11 side of the circulation path 10 for detecting the temperature of the temperature-regulated water sent from each of the heat source devices 1 a, 1 b, 1 c to the air conditioner 2. A water temperature sensor 41b for detecting the water temperature after heat exchange with the flow meter 7 is provided on the side of the return water pipe 12. The number control device 6B calculates the load calorific value from the difference between the temperature of the temperature-regulated water sent to the air conditioner 2 and the temperature of the water after the heat exchange, and the flow rate of the temperature-regulated water. If the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is large, the load heat quantity increases, so the number of operating heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c is increased. If the heat load is small, the load heat quantity decreases, and the number of operating heat source apparatuses is reduced.
[0006]
Further, as another conventional air-conditioning heat source equipment that controls the number of heat source devices based on the load heat amount, based on information on load heat amount, regression of pump control output, prediction of pump control output, and flow rate of bypass pipe 9, There is an apparatus that controls the number of heat source devices with high accuracy (see Patent Document 1).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-257938
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventional equipment that controls the number of units based only on the change in the temperature of the temperature-regulated water after heat exchange cannot accurately control the number of heat source devices according to the change in the heat load of the air conditioner. Further, in the conventional equipment for controlling the number of units based on the change in water temperature and the load calorie of the flow rate, the water temperature sensors 41a and 41b, the flow meter 7, and the like must be additionally provided, which complicates the equipment and increases the cost. In addition, control becomes complicated. Therefore, the present invention provides an air-conditioning heat source facility that can realize accurate control of the number of heat source devices based on the temperature change and the flow rate change of the temperature-regulated water after the heat exchange by the air conditioner, and requires only simple and low-cost equipment. It was made to provide.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is an air conditioning heat source facility using cold water or hot water as temperature control water as a heat medium, and a plurality of heat source devices for generating the temperature control water, provided in correspondence with each of the heat source devices, A plurality of pumps that return the water to the air conditioner and return from the air conditioner to each of the heat source devices, and are provided corresponding to the respective pumps, and detect the temperature of the temperature regulating water that returns to each of the heat source devices. A plurality of heat load detecting means for detecting the heat load state of the air conditioner, and a plurality of heat load detecting means for controlling the operation state of each pump based on the detection result of each heat load detecting means to adjust the flow rate of the temperature regulating water. In an air-conditioning heat source facility equipped with a pump flow control device, operation control information of each pump is received from each pump flow control device, and the plurality of heat source devices are controlled to an operation state or a stop state based on the control information. Provision of a number control device (Claim 1).
[0010]
When the heat load of the air conditioner is large and the flow rate of the cold or hot water by each of the cold / hot water pumps is large, the number control device increases the number of the heat source devices to be put into an operation state, and increases the heat load of the air conditioner. When the flow rate of the cold water or the hot water by each of the cold / hot water pumps becomes small, the number of heat source devices to be stopped is increased (claim 2). Further, the operation control information of each of the pumps received by the number control device from each of the pump flow control devices is an ON signal transmitted from each of the pump flow control devices when each of the pumps rises to a predetermined operation state. And an OFF signal transmitted from each pump flow control device when each of the pumps is lowered to a predetermined operating state (claim 3).
[0011]
Since the pump flow control device controls the flow rate of the temperature-regulated water by the pump based on the temperature of the temperature-regulated water by the heat load detection means, the number control device that receives the operation control information of the pump from the pump flow control device is substantially: Since the number of heat source devices is controlled based on the temperature and flow rate of the temperature control water, the number of heat source devices can be controlled with high accuracy. Also, the unit control device does not require a device for independently measuring the temperature and flow rate of the temperature control water, so that the equipment of the air conditioning heat source equipment can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. In addition, since the number control device performs control based on pump operation control information including two types of signals, simple control is sufficient.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
As shown in FIG. 1, the air conditioning heat source device sends cold water or hot water from a plurality of heat source devices 1 a, 1 b, 1 c to the air conditioner 2 and controls the heat source devices 1 a, 1 b, 1 c from the air conditioner 2. A circulation path 10 for returning the temperature-regulated water is formed. Each heat source device 1a, 1b, 1c is provided in parallel with the circulation path 10, and each heat source device 1a, 1b, 1c is connected to a water pipe 11 for sending temperature-regulated water from each heat source device 1a, 1b, 1c to the air conditioner 2. A water supply side header 13 for mixing the temperature-regulated water generated in the above is provided, and a secondary pump 3 d is provided between the water supply side header 13 and the air conditioner 2.
[0013]
The temperature-regulated water returned from the air conditioner 2 is distributed to the heat source devices 1a, 1b, and 1c by the return water header 14 and returned to the return water pipe 12 of the circulation path 10. A plurality of primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c corresponding to the respective heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c are provided between the return water header 14 and the respective heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c.
[0014]
Each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c is a pump driven by an electric motor. Each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c is electrically connected to a pump flow control device 5a, 5b, 5c as an inverter device for controlling the rotation speed of the motor by varying the frequency of the power supply to each motor. Each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c is configured to vary the flow rate of the temperature regulating water according to a control command from each of the pump flow control devices 5a, 5b, 5c.
[0015]
The return water pipe 12 from the return water header 14 to each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c reads the water temperature sensor 40 and the detection value of each water temperature sensor 40 as heat load detecting means for detecting the temperature of the temperature-regulated water. Temperature controllers 4a, 4b, 4c are provided. Each of the temperature controllers 4a, 4b, 4c is electrically connected to each of the pump flow controllers 5a, 5b, 5c, and the temperature controllers 4a, 4b, 4c are based on the read temperature information of the temperature control water. Control signals to the respective pump flow control devices 5a, 5b, 5c.
[0016]
The number control device 6, which controls the number of operating the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c, is electrically connected to the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c, and causes the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c to operate them. Control command is sent. The number control device 6 is electrically connected to each of the pump flow control devices 5a, 5b, 5c. The operation control information of each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c is transmitted from each of the pump flow control devices 5a, 5b, 5c. Is to receive.
[0017]
In the air-conditioning heat source device, the temperature-regulated water produced by each of the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c is pressure-fed to the air conditioner 2 via the water supply header 13 by each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c and the secondary pump 3d. You. The temperature-regulated water sent to the air conditioner 2 is heat-exchanged by the air conditioner 2, and then returns to the heat source devices 1a, 1b, and 1c again via the return water header 14. The temperature of the heat-exchanged temperature-controlled water changes. At this time, the temperature of the temperature-regulated water returning to each heat source device 1a, 1b, 1c is detected by each water temperature sensor 40 and each temperature controller 4a, 4b, 4c, and each temperature controller 4a, 4b, 4c detects it. The water temperature is compared with a preset installation water temperature, and the pump flow controllers 5a, 5b, 5c are controlled based on these deviations to increase or decrease the flow rates of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c. For example, in the case of cooling, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is large, the temperature of the temperature-regulated water after the heat exchange becomes high, and the deviation from the installed water temperature becomes large, so that the flow rate of each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c is increased. . Conversely, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is small, the deviation between the temperature of the temperature-regulated water after the heat exchange and the above-mentioned set water temperature is reduced, so that the flow rate is reduced.
[0018]
Then, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is small and the flow rate of the temperature control water is reduced, the number control device 6 reduces the number of operating the plurality of heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c to perform energy saving operation. The number control device 6 performs control for operating or stopping each heat source device 1a, 1b, 1c based on the operation control information received from each pump flow control device 5a, 5b, 5c. Hereinafter, details of the control of the number control device 6 will be described with reference to FIG.
[0019]
For example, the air-conditioning heat source equipment is set such that the cooling capacity of each of the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c is about 100% when the operating frequency of each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c is 56 Hz during cooling. With the maximum heat load of the air conditioner 2, about 300% of the cooling capacity of the three heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c is exhibited. The cooling capacity of each of the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c is about 53% when the operating frequency of each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c is 32 Hz.
[0020]
The operation control information transmitted from each pump flow control device 5a, 5b, 5c to the number control device 6 consists of two types of signals. One is when the operation frequency of each primary pump 3a, 3b, 3c rises to 54 Hz. The other is an OFF signal transmitted when the operating frequency of each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c drops to 32 Hz.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 corresponds to about 240% of the overall cooling capacity, the cooling capacity per one heat source device 1a, 1b, 1c is required to be about 80%. Each primary pump 3a, 3b, 3c operates at about 48 Hz. When the cooling room temperature decreases and the heat load of the air conditioner 2 decreases to about 160% (position A in the figure), the cooling capacity of each heat source device 1a, 1b, 1c is about 53%. However, the operating frequency of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c drops to about 32 Hz based on the temperature change of the temperature control water. At this time, the operation control information of each pump flow control device 5a, 5b, 5c issues an OFF signal. The operating frequency of each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c does not necessarily decrease at the same time, and the water temperature sensor 40, the temperature controllers 4a, 4b, 4c and the pump flow control devices 5a corresponding to the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c, respectively. , 5b, 5c cause a shift. In the figure, it is assumed that the operating frequency of the primary pump 3a first decreases.
[0022]
When the operating frequency of the primary pump 3a decreases and the number control device 6 receives the first OFF signal (position B in the figure), the number control device 6 controls any one of the heat source devices 1a, 1b, and 1c. The operation is stopped (in the figure, the heat source device 1a is stopped). That is, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is about 160%, if one heat source device 1a is stopped and the other two heat source devices 1b and 1c are each operated with a cooling capacity of about 80% or more, two heat source devices 1b and 1c are operated. The cooling capacity required by the heat source devices 1b and 1c can be sufficiently ensured. Further, the heat source device 1a to be stopped is not necessarily limited to the one whose operating frequency is lowered first, and is selectively controlled by the number control device 6 so that each of the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c is stopped in order. The number controller 6 stops the heat source device 1a and also stops the corresponding primary pump 3a.
[0023]
When the heat source device 1a is stopped, the operating frequency of each of the primary pumps 3b and 3c is set to about 80% based on the temperature change of the temperature control water in order to increase the cooling capacity per one of the other heat source devices 1b and 1c to about 80%. It goes up to 48Hz.
[0024]
Further, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is reduced to about 80% (position C in the figure), the cooling capacity per one heat source device 1b, 1c becomes about 40%, and each primary pump 3b, 3c The operating frequency of each of them falls to about 32 Hz or less. At this time, the operation control information of each of the pump flow control devices 5b and 5c issues an OFF signal.
[0025]
When the operating frequency of each of the primary pumps 3b and 3c falls to about 32 Hz or less and the number control device 6 receives the first OFF signal, the number control device 6 selects one of the heat source devices 1b and 1c (the heat source device). 1b) is stopped, and the corresponding primary pump 3b is stopped. When the heat load of the air conditioner 2 becomes about 80%, the necessary cooling capacity can be secured by operating the other heat source apparatus 1c with the cooling capacity of about 80% or more even if the heat source device 1b is stopped. When the heat source device 1b is stopped, the operating frequency of the primary pump 3c increases to approximately 48 Hz in order to increase the cooling capacity of the other heat source device 1c to approximately 80%.
[0026]
Further, when the room temperature of the room to be cooled decreases and the heat load of the air conditioner 2 decreases, the operating frequency of the primary pump 3c is reduced, and the cooling capacity of the heat source device 1c is reduced. When the heat load of the air conditioner 2 becomes about 15 to 20%, the heat source device 1c automatically stops due to the temperature control function incorporated in its main body (position D in the figure). In addition, even if the number control device 6 receives the OFF signal of the pump flow control device 5c when the operating frequency of the primary pump 3c falls to 32 Hz or less, it does not transmit a stop command to the heat source device 1c based on the signal. ing. Even if the heat source device 1c stops, the primary pump 3c continues to operate at the minimum operating frequency (30 Hz).
[0027]
Next, when the room temperature rises, the heat load of the air conditioner 2 increases, and when the temperature of the temperature-regulated water rises, the heat source device 1c automatically stopped by the temperature adjustment function starts operating again (see FIG. E position). When the heat load of the air conditioner 2 becomes about 80%, the operating frequency of the primary pump 3c increases accordingly to about 48 Hz, and the cooling capacity of the heat source device 1c becomes about 80%.
[0028]
Further, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 increases and corresponds to about 120% of the cooling capacity of the entire air conditioning heat source equipment, the operating frequency of the primary pump 3c increases accordingly, and the cooling capacity of the heat source device 1c increases by about 90%. %, The operation frequency of the primary pump 3c becomes about 54 Hz, and the ON signal of the operation control information is transmitted from the pump flow control device 5c to the number control device 6 (position F in the figure). The number control device 6 that has received the ON signal operates one of the heat source devices 1a and 1b in the stopped state (the heat source device 1b is operated in the figure). Thereby, the cooling capacity of each heat source device 1b, 1c is only about 60% per one, and the operating frequency of each primary pump 3b, 3c is about 37 Hz.
[0029]
Further, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 increases to about 210%, the cooling capacity of each heat source device 1b, 1c becomes 100% or more, and the operating frequency of each primary pump 3b, 3c follows. When the cooling capacity of each heat source device 1b, 1c increases to about 90%, the operating frequency of each primary pump 3b, 3c becomes about 54 Hz, and the pump flow control devices 5b, 5c to the number control device 6 Then, an ON signal of the operation control information is transmitted to (G position in the figure). Upon receiving any of these early signals, the number control device 6 transmits an operation command to the stopped heat source device 1a to operate the heat source device 1a. By operating the heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c, the cooling capacity per unit is only about 70%, and the operating frequency of each primary pump 3a, 3b, 3c is about 43 Hz.
[0030]
As described above, in the air conditioning heat source equipment of the present invention, when the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is reduced by the number control device 6, the number of operating heat source devices 1a, 1b, 1c is reduced, and the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is increased. When this happens, control to increase the number of operating units is performed, and energy saving operation is performed. In controlling the number of the heat source devices 1a, 1b, and 1c, the number control device 6 does not need a water temperature sensor, a temperature controller, and a flow meter for independently detecting the temperature and flow rate of the temperature control water as in the related art. Low cost. Each of the pump flow controllers 5a, 5b, 5c controls the flow rate of each of the primary pumps 3a, 3b, 3c based on the water temperature fluctuation of the temperature control water, and operates the pumps from the pump flow controllers 5a, 5b, 5c. The number control device 6 that receives the control information substantially controls the number based on the water temperature fluctuation and the flow rate of the temperature control water, and the accuracy of the number control that follows the fluctuation of the heat load of the air conditioner 2 is high. Moreover, since the pump operation control information received by the unit number control device 6 from the pump flow control devices 5a, 5b, and 5c is only two types of the ON signal and the OFF signal, there is no need to calculate the load calorific value of the air conditioner 2 or the like. Only control is needed.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the air-conditioning heat source equipment of this invention, according to the fluctuation | variation of the heat load of an air conditioner, the number control of highly accurate heat source devices based on the temperature change of the temperature-regulated water after heat exchange, and the flow rate change is implemented. And the cost of the air conditioning heat source equipment itself can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a circulation path and an electrical connection of a temperature regulating water of an air conditioning heat source equipment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a timing chart of controlling the number of air conditioning heat source equipment according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing a circulation path and electric connection of a temperature control water of a conventional air conditioning heat source equipment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing a circulation path and electric connection of a temperature control water of another conventional air conditioning heat source equipment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1a, 1b, 1c Heat source device 2 Air conditioner 3a, 3b, 3c Pump (primary pump)
4a, 4b, 4c Thermal load detector (temperature controller)
40 water temperature sensors 5a, 5b, 5c pump flow rate control device 6 number control device
