JP2004305907A - Cyclone type separation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the increase in pressure loss of fluid in improving the separation efficiency of dust from the fluid. <P>SOLUTION: In a part of a conical part 4 having a decreasing inner diameter toward a lower part extended downward from a cylindrical part 3, a contracted part 8 where the inner diameter of the conical part 4 is abruptly reduced than in other conical part is provided. Thus, while keeping the inner diameter of the cylindrical part 3 large, the inner diameter of the conical part 4 can be reduced without increasing the length of the conical part 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cyclone type separation device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there is a cyclone-type separation device that separates dust from a fluid mixed with the dust using centrifugal force (for example, see Patent Document 1). FIG. 4 shows such a cyclone type separation apparatus.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 4, the cyclone-type separation device 101 includes a cyclone main body 104 including a cylindrical portion 102 and a conical portion 103 extending downward from a lower end of the cylindrical portion 102. An introduction pipe 105 communicates from the side of the cylindrical part 102 to the inside, and an upper discharge pipe 106 is provided above the cylindrical part 102. The lower end of the conical portion 103 communicates with the lower discharge pipe 107.
[0004]
In the cyclone-type separation device 101 having such a structure, the fluid press-fitted into the inside of the cylindrical portion 102 from the introduction pipe 105 along the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 102 causes the swirling flow 108 along the inner circumferential surface of the cyclone body 104. Is generated, and the swirling flow 108 descends due to gravity. The swirling flow 108 reaching the lower portion of the conical portion 103 rises while swirling the descending swirling flow 109 discharged from the lower discharge pipe 107 to the outside of the apparatus and the central portions of the conical portion 103 and the cylindrical portion 102. It is divided into an upward swirling flow 110 discharged from the upper discharge pipe 106. The dust having a specific gravity higher than that of the fluid moves toward the inner peripheral surface of the cyclone body 104 by centrifugal force and rides on the flow of the downward swirling flow 109 descending along the inner peripheral surface of the cyclone body 104, and a part of the fluid. At the same time, it is discharged to the outside from the lower discharge pipe 107. On the other hand, most of the fluid is discharged from the upper discharge pipe 106 by the upward swirling flow 110 with the dust separated.
[0005]
In such a cyclone type separation apparatus 101, the efficiency of separating dust from the fluid is determined by the centrifugal force acting on the dust. That is, by increasing the centrifugal force acting on the dust, the efficiency of separating the dust from the fluid can be increased.
[0006]
Here, assuming that the mass of the substance is m, the rotational speed of the substance is v, and the radius of rotation of the substance is r, the centrifugal force F is expressed as F = m · v ² / r. This indicates that the centrifugal force acting on the dust is determined by the inner diameter of the cyclone body 104 and the flow velocity of the fluid. The following method is used to increase the centrifugal force.
{Circle around (1)} The inner diameter of the entire cyclone body 104 is reduced.
(2) The flow velocity of the fluid flowing into the cyclone body 104 is increased by reducing the inner diameter of the introduction pipe 105.
{Circle around (3)} The conical portion 103 is lengthened in the vertical direction, and the portion of the conical portion 103 having a small inner diameter is increased to increase the flow velocity.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-177822 [0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above methods (1) and (2), the processing of the fluid in the cyclone-type separation device 101 before reducing the processing flow rate of the fluid in the cyclone-type separation device 101 to the inner diameter of the cyclone body 104 or the inner diameter of the introduction pipe 105 is reduced. When the flow rate is kept equal to the flow rate, the pressure loss of the fluid increases, and there is a problem that the load applied to a pump (not shown) or a pipe (not shown) for sending the fluid to the cyclone-type separation device 101 increases.
[0009]
Further, in the above method (3), there is a problem that the conical portion 103 becomes long and the cyclone-type separation device 101 becomes large.
[0010]
An object of the present invention is to suppress an increase in pressure loss of a fluid when improving the efficiency of separating dust from a fluid.
[0011]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to prevent a cyclone-type separation device from increasing in size when improving the efficiency of separating dust from a fluid.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cyclone-type separation device, wherein a cylindrical portion communicates with an introduction port for introducing a fluid from the side into the inside, and the inner diameter extends downward from the cylindrical portion and decreases as going downward. A conical portion, a constriction portion provided in a part of the conical portion, for narrowing the inner diameter of the conical portion more than other portions of the conical portion, and an upper discharge port provided on an upper portion of the cylindrical portion and opened upward And a lower outlet provided at a lower end of the conical portion and opened downward.
[0013]
Here, the phrase “the throttle portion narrows the inner diameter of the conical portion larger than the other portion of the conical portion” means that the rate of change of the inner diameter of at least a part of the throttle portion in the downward direction is smaller than that of the other portion of the conical portion. That is, it is larger than the rate of change of the inner diameter in the downward direction.
[0014]
Further, the constricted portion may be located at a position continuous with the cylindrical portion of the conical portion as described in claim 2, or may be positioned at a position not connected to the cylindrical portion of the conical portion.
[0015]
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the inner diameter of the conical portion without increasing the length of the conical portion while maintaining the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion at a large diameter.
[0016]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the cyclone type separation apparatus according to the first aspect, the throttle portion is located at a position that is continuous with the cylindrical portion of the conical portion.
[0017]
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the entire inner diameter of the conical portion without increasing the length of the conical portion while maintaining the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion at a large diameter.
[0018]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the cyclone type separation apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the inclination of the throttle portion is curved.
[0019]
Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss of the fluid in the throttle section.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a cyclone type separation apparatus of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cyclone body 2 of the cyclone-type separation device 1 has a cylindrical portion 3 having a cylindrical shape and a closed upper surface, a conical portion 4 extending from below the cylindrical portion 3, and the like. It is composed of Such a cyclone body 2 may be formed by drawing a single cylindrical member to form a cylindrical portion 3 and a conical portion 4, or the cylindrical portion 3 and the conical portion 4 may be separate members. These members may be joined by welding or the like.
[0022]
An introduction pipe 5 functioning as an introduction port is provided on a side wall of the cylindrical portion 3. The introduction pipe 5 is connected to a pump (not shown) via a pipe (not shown), and introduces the fluid sent out by the pump into the inside of the cylindrical portion 3 along the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 3. At the center of the upper wall 3a of the cylindrical portion 3, there is provided an upper discharge pipe 6 which functions as an upper outlet opening upward and is arranged concentrically with the cylindrical portion 3.
[0023]
The conical portion 4 is formed such that the inner diameter decreases as it goes downward. The lower end of the conical part 4 functions as a lower discharge port opened downward and communicates with a lower discharge pipe 7 arranged concentrically with the cylindrical part 3.
[0024]
The conical portion 4 is formed with a throttle portion 8. The constricted portion 8 is formed so as to constrict the inner diameter of the conical portion 4 more than the other portions of the conical portion 4. The rate of change of the inner diameter of the other part of the part 4 in the downward direction is larger. The throttle unit 8 is positioned at a position that is continuous with the cylindrical unit 3 of the conical unit 4. The throttle section 8 is formed such that its inclination is curved. In addition, the inclination of the throttle unit 8 is not limited to a curved shape, and may be, for example, a straight shape. The slope of the portion of the conical portion 4 other than the throttle portion 8 is formed linearly.
[0025]
With such a configuration, when the fluid mixed with dust is pressed into the cyclone body 2 from the introduction pipe 5 by a pump (not shown) through a pipe (not shown), the fluid is swirled by a swirling flow 9 along the inner peripheral surface of the cyclone body 2. And the swirling flow 9 descends due to gravity. Then, the swirling flow 9 reaching the lower part of the conical portion 4 and the descending swirling flow 10 toward the lower discharge pipe 7, ascending while turning around the center of the cyclone body 2 and rising toward the upper discharge pipe 6. It is divided into a swirling flow 11. The dust having a higher specific gravity than the fluid moves toward the inner peripheral surface of the cyclone body 2 by centrifugal force, rides on the flow of the downward swirling flow 10, and is discharged to the outside from the lower discharge pipe 7 together with a part of the fluid.
On the other hand, most of the fluid is discharged from the upper discharge pipe 6 by the upward swirling flow 11 with the dust separated.
[0026]
Here, in the present embodiment, since the inner diameter of the conical portion 4 is greatly reduced by the constriction portion 8, the inclination of the conical portion is smaller than that of the conventional cyclone type separation device in which the inclination of the conical portion is linear over the entire area. The inner diameter of the conical portion 4 can be reduced without increasing the length of the conical portion 4 while maintaining the inner diameter at a large diameter. Thus, in the cylindrical portion 3 maintained at a large diameter, an increase in pressure loss at the cylindrical portion 3 can be suppressed, and at the small-diameter conical portion 4, the flow velocity of the fluid is increased to increase the efficiency of separating dust from the fluid. Can be improved. In addition, since the inner diameter of the conical portion 4 can be reduced without increasing the length of the conical portion 4, it is possible to prevent the cyclone-type separation device 1 from increasing in size.
[0027]
Further, in the present embodiment, since the constricted portion 8 is positioned at a position following the cylindrical portion 3 of the conical portion 4, the entire inner diameter of the conical portion 4 can be reduced while maintaining the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 3 large. Since the diameter of the conical portion 4 can be reduced without increasing the length, the efficiency of separating dust from the fluid can be reduced as compared with the case where the throttle portion 8 is located at a position other than the position where the conical portion 4 is connected to the cylindrical portion 3. Can be further improved.
[0028]
Further, in the present embodiment, since the inclination of the throttle portion 8 is curved, an increase in pressure loss of the fluid in the throttle portion 8 can be suppressed.
[0029]
In the present embodiment, an example in which the constricted portion 8 is positioned at a position following the cylindrical portion 3 of the conical portion 4 has been described. However, the position of the constricted portion 8 is not limited to this. It may be located at a position not connected to the cylindrical portion 3 of the conical portion 4 such as an intermediate portion in the vertical direction.
[0030]
【Example】
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the cyclone type separation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 3 is set to 100 mm, and the inner diameter of the introduction pipe 5 is set to 16 mm. Then, using this cyclone-type separation device 1, the flow rate of the fluid fed into the cyclone-type separation device 1 was set to 40 l / min, and the separation experiment of ISO standard dust (A-4: average particle diameter 27 μm) mixed with the fluid was performed. Was performed.
[0031]
For comparison with the cyclone-type separation device 1, the following three types of cyclone-type separation devices 101 were prepared as the conventional cyclone-type separation device 101 shown in FIG. A dust separation experiment was performed on the cyclone-type separator 101 with the flow rate of the fluid fed into the cyclone-type separator 101 and the amount of dust mixed into the fluid being the same as those for the cyclone-type separator 1.
{Circle around (1)} The cyclone-type separation device 101 in which the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 102 and the inner diameter of the introduction tube 105 are the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 3 and the inner diameter of the introduction tube 5 in the present embodiment.
{Circle around (2)} The cyclone-type separation device 101 in which the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 102 is set to 50 mm and the inner diameter of the introduction tube 105 is set to 16 mm.
{Circle around (3)} The cyclone-type separation device 101 in which the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 102 is set to 50 mm and the inner diameter of the introduction tube 105 is set to 8 mm.
The dimensions of the other parts of the cyclone-type separation device 101 other than those described above are the same as the corresponding parts of the cyclone-type separation device 1.
[0032]
FIG. 3 shows the dust separation efficiency and pressure loss in each of the cyclone type separation devices 1 and 101 in these dust separation experiments. As shown in FIG. 3, the cyclone-type separation device 1 of the present embodiment was able to suppress the increase in pressure loss as compared with the conventional cyclone-type separation device 101 and improve the efficiency of separating dust from fluid. Further, the efficiency of separating dust from fluid could be improved as compared with the conventional cyclone-type separation device 101 having the same device size.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
According to the cyclone-type separation device of the invention described in claim 1, the cylindrical portion communicates with the introduction port for introducing the fluid from the side into the inside, and the inner diameter extends downward from the cylindrical portion and goes downward. A conical portion that becomes smaller, a constriction portion that is provided in a part of the conical portion and narrows the inner diameter of the conical portion more than other portions of the conical portion, and an upper portion that is provided on the upper portion of the cylindrical portion and that opens upward By providing a discharge port and a lower discharge port provided at the lower end of the conical portion and opened downward, the inner diameter of the conical portion is increased by increasing the length of the conical portion while maintaining the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion at a large diameter. It is possible to reduce the diameter without performing. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss at the cylindrical portion in the cylindrical portion maintained at a large diameter, and to improve the efficiency of separating dust from the fluid by increasing the flow velocity of the fluid at the small-diameter conical portion. Can be. In addition, since the inner diameter of the conical portion can be reduced without increasing the length of the conical portion, it is possible to prevent an increase in the size of the cyclone-type separation device.
[0034]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the cyclone type separation apparatus according to the first aspect, the throttle portion is located at a position following the cylindrical portion of the conical portion, so that the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion is increased. While maintaining the diameter, the entire inner diameter of the conical portion can be reduced without increasing the length of the conical portion, so that the constricted portion is located at a position other than the position connected to the cylindrical portion of the conical portion. In addition, the efficiency of separating dust from fluid can be further improved.
[0035]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the cyclone type separation apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the inclination of the throttle portion is curved, thereby suppressing an increase in pressure loss of fluid at the throttle portion. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a cyclone type separation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a comparison of dust separation efficiency and a comparison of pressure loss between a cyclone-type separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional cyclone-type separation device.
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view showing a conventional cyclone-type separation device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cyclone-type separation device 3 Cylindrical part 4 Conical part 5 Inlet pipe (inlet)
6 upper discharge pipe (upper discharge port)
7 Lower discharge pipe (lower discharge port)
8 Aperture part

Claims (3)

A cylindrical portion through which an introduction port for introducing a fluid from the side into the inside communicates,
A conical portion that extends downward from the cylindrical portion and has an inner diameter that decreases as going downward,
A throttle portion provided on a part of the conical portion, for narrowing the inner diameter of the conical portion more than other portions of the conical portion,
An upper discharge port provided at an upper portion of the cylindrical portion and opened upward,
A cyclone type separation device comprising: a lower discharge port provided at a lower end of the conical portion and opened downward. The cyclone-type separation device according to claim 1, wherein the constricted portion is located at a position continuous with the cylindrical portion of the conical portion. The cyclone-type separation device according to claim 1, wherein the inclination of the throttle portion is curved.

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