JP2004305036A - Aeroculture device - Google Patents

Aeroculture device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004305036A
JP2004305036A JP2003099984A JP2003099984A JP2004305036A JP 2004305036 A JP2004305036 A JP 2004305036A JP 2003099984 A JP2003099984 A JP 2003099984A JP 2003099984 A JP2003099984 A JP 2003099984A JP 2004305036 A JP2004305036 A JP 2004305036A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
air
container
culture solution
spraying
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2003099984A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shigeharu Nakamoto
重陽 中本
Toru Hirose
徹 廣瀬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP2003099984A priority Critical patent/JP2004305036A/en
Publication of JP2004305036A publication Critical patent/JP2004305036A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • Y02P60/216

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  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an aeroculture device bringing an environmental space having moisture and air respectively suitable for plant roots while ensuring airtightness and giving necessary nutriment to the plant roots. <P>SOLUTION: The aeroculture device is provided with the followings: a supporting means 6 supporting a plant; a container 7 comprising approximately airtight space surrounding the roots of the plant; a spray means 9 for spraying culture solution 8 as nutriment to the inside of the container 7; and an air supplying means 10 supplying air into the container 7. The aeroculture device is structured so as to forcedly feed air into the container via the air supplying means 10 while maintaining moisture through spray of the culture solution 8 using the spray means 9 and airtightness in the container 7. By this structure of the device, necessary oxygen can be supplied to the plant while giving necessary nutriment to the plant roots so as to bring environment having moisture and oxygen respectively suitable for the plant roots. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、土壌を使わずに空中に根を露出して植物を栽培する気耕栽培装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の気耕栽培装置は植物収納構造体内に培養液を噴霧するものがある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
【0003】
図7は、前記特許文献1に記載された従来の気耕栽培装置の部分断面の斜視図である。図7において、従来の装置はモジュール構造になっており、栽培される植物を収納するための複数の側部パネル1と、この側部パネル1が各インターロック連結2により接合される複数の平坦ベース3とを備え、側部パネル1が凸状キャップ4によって上部凸状ラインに沿って連結されてほぼ逆V字状に形づけられた構造を形成して、図示されていないポンプユニットと噴霧装置5が収納構造内へ培養液を霧化して送るために設けられている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特表2000−517195号公報(図2)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、植物を空気中で育てるには、適度な水分と養分と酸素の供給が必要であり、また、根に対して乾燥しないように、比較的乾燥に強いエアープランツと呼ばれる植物においても相対湿度60%以上が望ましく、通常の植物の場合には100%近い環境で常時湿度を維持する必要があるが、前記従来の構成では、培養液を噴霧する手段しかなく、培養液の噴霧で湿度を上げることは可能であるが、養分を与えすぎずに湿度を維持するには気密性が必要である。気密性を高めると酸素が不足し、酸素を供給するために通気性をよくすると適度の湿度に維持しにくいという二律背反した課題を有していた。
【0006】
本発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するもので、必要な養分を与えつつ植物の根に適した湿度と酸素のある環境空間を実現した気耕栽培装置を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の気耕栽培装置は、植物の根部を囲む略気密空間を構成する容器と、養分となる培養液を前記容器内に噴霧する噴霧手段と、前記容器に空気を供給する空気供給手段を有するものである。これによって、容器の気密性によって湿度を維持しながら、強制的に空気を送り込むことによって必要な酸素を供給できるものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
請求項1に記載の発明は、植物を支持する支持手段と、植物の根部を囲む略気密空間を構成する容器と、養分となる培養液を前記容器内に噴霧する噴霧手段と、前記容器に空気を供給する空気供給手段とを有し、土壌を使わずに空中に根を露出して植物を栽培する気耕栽培装置とするもので、培養液の噴霧と容器の気密性によって湿度を維持しながら、強制的に空気を送り込むことによって必要な酸素を供給し、必要な養分を与えつつ植物の根に適した湿度と酸素のある環境空間を実現することができる。
【0009】
請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の発明において、容器内に表面を開放した液溜めを設け、空気供給手段の空気吐出口を前記液溜め内に設けて、空気を前記液溜め内の培養液の中を通過させて、前記容器内に空気を供給するもので、培養液の中を通過させて湿気を空気に与え、外部からの低湿空気の導入による容器内の湿度の低下を少なくすることができ、湿度の維持が容易になる。
【0010】
請求項3に記載の発明は、特に、請求項2に記載の噴霧手段は、空気供給手段の空気吐出口を吸い上げ式エアースプレイのノズルに接続し培養液を吸い上げて空気とともに噴霧するもので、噴霧手段として別途必要とされる培養液を押し出すポンプ等が空気供給手段のポンプ等と共用化されて、安価に湿度の維持と酸素の供給ができる。
【0011】
請求項4に記載の発明は、特に、請求項1に記載の噴霧手段は、超音波加湿手段によって空中に浮遊する粒径の培養液を供給するもので、微粒の養分は長く空気中に滞在して植物の根に付着が容易で、養分を与えやすい。また、微粒の水分は空気との接触が多く蒸発しやすく、空気の湿度上昇を容易にすることができる。
【0012】
請求項5に記載の発明は、特に、請求項1に記載の空気供給手段は、気体分離膜によって酸素濃度の高い酸素富化空気を供給するもので、通常空気よりも根からの吸収をよくすることができる。
【0013】
請求項6に記載の発明は、特に、請求項1に記載の支持手段は、気密性と可撓性と弾力性を有する材料を使用したもので、植物の茎や球根をその形状に沿って保持することができため、気密性を損なうことが少なく、湿度維持が容易になる。
【0014】
請求項7に記載の発明は、請求項3に記載の発明において、空気供給手段は空気を送るエアーポンプを有し、エアーポンプの送風能力を制御することによって空気流量を制御して、空気流量を少なくして空気のみを送る送風モードと空気流量を多くして培養液を吸い上げて空気とともに噴霧する噴霧モードを備えた制御手段を有するもので、空気供給手段と噴霧手段を1つのエアーポンプで実現するとともに、酸素濃度維持のための送風モードと湿度維持や養分補給のための噴霧モードを容器内の湿度や酸素濃度の状態に応じて切り換えることが可能となり、容器内の湿度と酸素濃度を個別に維持調整することができる。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
【0016】
(実施例1)
図1は本発明の実施例1における気耕栽培装置の側断面図である。図1において、6は植物を支持する支持手段、7は植物の根部20を囲む略気密空間を構成する容器、9は養分となる培養液8を前記容器7内に噴霧する噴霧手段、10は前記容器7に空気を供給する空気供給手段である。支持手段6は植物の茎部21や球根部22を挟持して植物の根部20を容器7内に設けている。噴霧手段9は、吸水ポンプ11と液溜め14内の培養液8中に開口した吸水パイプ12と容器7内に開口して培養液8を霧化する噴霧ノズル13を有している。空気供給手段10は、エアーポンプ15と外気に開口した吸気パイプ16と容器7に開口したエアーノズル17を有している。18は培養液を入れた給水タンクである。19は液戻しパイプで、液戻しパイプ19の一端は容器7の略底面部に開口し、他端は液溜め14に開口している。
【0017】
以上のように構成された気耕栽培装置について、以下、その動作、作用を説明する。
【0018】
養分が必要な場合や湿度が低下すると吸水ポンプ11を作動し、液溜め14内の培養液を吸い上げ、噴霧ノズル13から容器7内に噴霧する。噴霧された培養液8は植物の根部20に付着して吸収され、水分の一部は蒸発して容器7内の空気を加湿する。残った培養液8は容器7の底面部に集まり、液戻しパイプ19から液溜め14に戻る。液溜め14の水位が下がれば液が給水タンク18から供給される。
【0019】
容器7内の酸素濃度が低下すれば、エアーポンプ15を作動する。吸気パイプ16から外気が吸い込まれてエアーノズル17から容器7内に吐出される。
【0020】
上記構成によれば、噴霧手段9による培養液8の噴霧と容器7の気密性によって湿度を維持しながら、空気供給手段10で強制的に空気を送り込むことによって必要な酸素を供給し、必要な養分を与えつつ植物の根に適した湿度と酸素のある環境空間を実現することができる。
【0021】
なお、噴霧手段9が噴霧する液は培養液だけでなく水の場合もあり、培養液と水を都度切り換えて噴霧することも可能であり、1種類に限定するものではない。
【0022】
(実施例2)
図2は本発明の実施例2における気耕栽培装置の側断面図である。なお、前記実施例1と同じ構成のものは同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【0023】
図2において、容器7内に表面を開放した液溜め23を設け、空気供給手段10の空気吐出口24を液溜め23内に設けている。
【0024】
上記構成によれば、空気を液溜め23内の培養液8の中を通過させて、前記容器7内に空気を供給するもので、培養液8の中を通過させて湿気を空気に与え、外部からの低湿空気の導入による容器7内の湿度の低下を少なくすることができ、湿度の維持が容易になる。
【0025】
(実施例3)
図3は本発明の実施例3における気耕栽培装置の側断面図である。なお、前記実施例1、2と同じ構成のものは同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【0026】
図3において、噴霧手段25は、空気供給手段のエアーポンプ26の空気吐出口27を吸い上げ式エアースプレイノズル28に接続し培養液8を吸い上げて空気とともに噴霧するものである。空気供給手段のエアーポンプ26を作動させれば、吸気パイプ16から外気を吸い込み、空気吐出口27からエアースプレイノズル28へと空気が勢いよく通過する。このため、吸水パイプ12内の気圧が低くなり、培養液8は吸い上げられてパイプ上端からノズル先端へ細かい霧になって噴霧される。
【0027】
上記構成によれば、噴霧手段25として別途必要とされる培養液8を押し出すポンプ等が空気供給手段26のポンプ等と共用化されて、空気と培養液の噴霧が同時にできて、安価に湿度の維持と酸素の供給ができるものである。
【0028】
(実施例4)
図4は本発明の実施例4における気耕栽培装置の側断面図である。なお、前記実施例1〜3と同じ構成のものは同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【0029】
図4において、噴霧手段34は、超音波振動素子29を有する超音波加湿手段である。超音波振動素子29を作動させると振動によって表面の培養液8を霧化する。
【0030】
本構成によって、空中に浮遊する様な粒径の培養液を供給するもので、微粒の養分は長く空気中に滞在して植物の根部20に付着が容易で、養分を与えやすい。また、微粒の水分は空気との接触が多く蒸発しやすく、容器7内の空気の湿度上昇を容易にすることができるものである。
【0031】
(実施例5)
図5は本発明の実施例5における気耕栽培装置の側断面図である。なお、前記実施例1〜4と同じ構成のものは同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【0032】
図5において、空気供給手段30は、気体分離膜31によって酸素濃度の高い酸素富化空気を供給するもので、気体分離膜31の一面が、送風機33によって矢印Aの外気が通過する大気圧であるのに対して、反対面は真空ポンプ32によって減圧された空間に面しており、この圧力差によって酸素が優先的に気体分離膜31を透過して、矢印Bの酸素富化の空気としてエアーノズル17から容器7内に吐出される。一方の外気は矢印Cの窒素富化空気となって送風機33から放出される。
【0033】
本構成によって、容器7内は通常空気よりも酸素濃度の維持が容易で、植物の根からの酸素吸収もよくすることができる。
【0034】
また、気体分離膜によっては、窒素に比べて酸素を優先的に透過させるだけでなく、水蒸気も優先的に透過させるものがあり、外気よりも酸素富化で湿度の高い空気を供給することができるため、容器7内の酸素濃度だけでなく湿度の維持にも効果的である。さらに、気体分離膜31を通すことによって外気中のカビの胞子や雑菌が分離され、しかも容器7内の圧力が正圧になるため周囲からも容器7内にカビや雑菌が入りにくく、通常の空気供給手段よりも容器7内をクリーンに維持できる。
【0035】
(実施例6)
本発明の実施例6における気耕栽培装置の支持手段6は、図1に示すように、植物の茎部21や球根部22を挟持して植物の根部20を容器7内に設けるもので、独立発泡ウレタン樹脂のような気密性と可撓性と弾力性を有するスポンジ状材料を使用したもので、植物の茎や球根をその形状に沿って保持することができるため、気密性を損なうことが少なく、湿度維持が容易になる効果がある。
【0036】
(実施例7)
図6は本発明の実施例7の制御手段による制御を示すフローチャートである。なお、前記実施例1〜6と同じ構成のものは同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【0037】
実施例3の図3における空気供給手段のエアーポンプ26に対して、制御手段は、エアーポンプ26の送風能力を制御することによって空気流量を制御して、空気流量を少なくして空気のみを送る送風モードと空気流量を多くして培養液を吸い上げて空気とともに噴霧する噴霧モードを備えた制御手段を行う。
【0038】
図6において、ステップST1で養分を与えるかを判断し、Yesで必要があれば培養液を噴霧するため、ステップST2に進み噴霧モードにする。ステップST3で空気供給手段のエアーポンプを制御して空気風量を所定値以上にする。空気が勢いよく通過するため、培養液8は吸い上げられてノズル先端から噴霧される。ステップST1でNoと判断した場合は、ステップST4で容器7内の湿度を確認する。湿度が所定値以下の場合は加湿が必要なため、Noと判断して、ステップST2の噴霧モードとする。湿度が所定値以上の場合は、ステップST4でYesと判断して、ステップST5で酸素濃度を確認する。酸素濃度が所定値以下ならば空気の供給が必要なため、Noと判断してステップST6の送風モードとする。送風モードでは、ステップST7で空気供給手段のエアーポンプを制御して空気風量を所定値以下にする。空気流量が少ないため、培養液8は吸い上げられず、ノズルからは空気のみが吐出される。
【0039】
空気供給手段と噴霧手段を1つのエアーポンプで実現するとともに、酸素濃度維持のための送風モードと湿度維持や養分補給のための噴霧モードを容器内の湿度や酸素濃度の状態に応じて切り換えることが可能となり、容器内の湿度と酸素濃度を個別に維持調整することができる。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明の請求項1〜7に記載の発明によれば、必要な養分を与えつつ植物の根に適した湿度と酸素のある環境空間を実現した気耕栽培装置を提供することができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例1における気耕栽培装置の側断面図
【図2】本発明の実施例2における気耕栽培装置の側断面図
【図3】本発明の実施例3における気耕栽培装置の側断面図
【図4】本発明の実施例4における気耕栽培装置の側断面図
【図5】本発明の実施例5における気耕栽培装置の側断面図
【図6】本発明の実施例7における制御手段のフローチャート
【図7】従来の気耕栽培装置の斜視図
【符号の説明】
6 支持手段
7 容器
9、25、34 噴霧手段
10、26、30 空気供給手段
11 吸水ポンプ
13 噴霧ノズル
14、23 液溜め
15 エアーポンプ
16 吸気パイプ
17 エアーノズル
24、27 空気吐出口
28 エアースプレイノズル
29 超音波振動素子
31 気体分離膜
32 真空ポンプ
33 送風機
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aerial cultivation apparatus that cultivates plants by exposing roots in the air without using soil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of aerial cultivation apparatus includes an apparatus that sprays a culture solution into a plant storage structure (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a partial cross section of the conventional aerial cultivation apparatus described in Patent Document 1. In FIG. 7, the conventional apparatus has a modular structure, and includes a plurality of side panels 1 for storing plants to be cultivated and a plurality of flat panels to which the side panels 1 are joined by interlock connections 2. A base unit 3 and a side panel 1 connected by a convex cap 4 along an upper convex line to form a substantially inverted V-shaped structure, and a spray unit and a pump unit (not shown) A device 5 is provided for atomizing the culture solution into the storage structure.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-T-2000-517195 (FIG. 2)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, growing plants in the air requires an adequate supply of water, nutrients, and oxygen. 60% or more is desirable, and in the case of a normal plant, it is necessary to constantly maintain humidity in an environment close to 100%. However, in the above-described conventional configuration, there is only means for spraying the culture solution, and the humidity is reduced by spraying the culture solution. Although it is possible to raise it, it is necessary to be airtight to maintain the humidity without providing too much nutrients. If the airtightness is increased, oxygen is insufficient, and if the air permeability is increased to supply oxygen, it is difficult to maintain an appropriate humidity.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an aerial cultivation apparatus that realizes an environmental space with humidity and oxygen suitable for plant roots while providing necessary nutrients. is there.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the aerial cultivation apparatus of the present invention includes a container that forms a substantially airtight space surrounding a root of a plant, a spraying unit that sprays a culture solution serving as a nutrient into the container, and the container. And air supply means for supplying air to the device. Thus, necessary oxygen can be supplied by forcibly blowing air while maintaining humidity by the airtightness of the container.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 provides a supporting means for supporting a plant, a container constituting a substantially airtight space surrounding the root of the plant, a spraying means for spraying a culture solution serving as nutrient into the container, Air cultivation equipment that has air supply means for supplying air and cultivates plants by exposing roots in the air without using soil, maintaining humidity by spraying the culture solution and airtightness of the container Meanwhile, the necessary oxygen is supplied by forcibly blowing in the air, and an environmental space with humidity and oxygen suitable for the roots of the plant can be realized while providing the required nutrients.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a liquid reservoir having an open surface is provided in the container, an air discharge port of an air supply means is provided in the liquid reservoir, and the air is supplied to the liquid reservoir. Passing through the culture solution in the reservoir and supplying air into the container, passing through the culture solution to give moisture to the air, and adjusting the humidity in the container by introducing low humidity air from outside. The decrease can be reduced, and the maintenance of humidity becomes easy.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 3 is, particularly, the spraying means according to claim 2, wherein the air discharge port of the air supply means is connected to a nozzle of a suction-type air spray, and the culture medium is sucked up and sprayed together with air, A pump or the like for pushing out a culture solution which is separately required as a spraying means is shared with a pump or the like for the air supply means, so that it is possible to maintain humidity and supply oxygen at low cost.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in particular, the spraying means according to the first aspect supplies a culture solution having a particle diameter floating in the air by an ultrasonic humidifying means, and the nutrient of the fine particles stays in the air for a long time. It easily adheres to the roots of plants and provides nutrients. In addition, fine water particles tend to evaporate due to a large amount of contact with the air, which can easily increase the humidity of the air.
[0012]
In the invention according to claim 5, the air supply means according to claim 1 supplies oxygen-enriched air having a high oxygen concentration by a gas separation membrane, and has better absorption from roots than ordinary air. can do.
[0013]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in particular, the supporting means according to the first aspect uses a material having airtightness, flexibility, and elasticity. Since the airtightness can be maintained, the airtightness is hardly impaired, and the humidity can be easily maintained.
[0014]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the air supply means has an air pump for sending air, and controls an air flow rate by controlling a blowing capacity of the air pump to thereby reduce an air flow rate. It has a control means with a blowing mode for sending only air with less air, and a spraying mode for sucking up the culture solution by increasing the air flow rate and spraying it with air.The air supply means and the spraying means are combined by one air pump. In addition to the realization, it is possible to switch the air blowing mode for maintaining oxygen concentration and the spray mode for maintaining humidity and replenishing nutrients according to the state of humidity and oxygen concentration in the container, and it is possible to change the humidity and oxygen concentration in the container. It can be maintained and adjusted individually.
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0016]
(Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the aerial cultivation apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 6 is a supporting means for supporting a plant, 7 is a container constituting a substantially airtight space surrounding a root portion 20 of the plant, 9 is a spraying means for spraying a culture solution 8 serving as nutrient into the container 7, and 10 is a spraying means. An air supply unit that supplies air to the container 7. The support means 6 has a plant root portion 20 provided in the container 7 with the plant stem portion 21 and the bulb portion 22 therebetween. The spraying means 9 has a water absorption pump 11, a water absorption pipe 12 opened in the culture solution 8 in the liquid reservoir 14, and a spray nozzle 13 opened in the container 7 to atomize the culture solution 8. The air supply means 10 has an air pump 15, an intake pipe 16 opened to the outside air, and an air nozzle 17 opened to the container 7. Reference numeral 18 denotes a water supply tank containing a culture solution. Reference numeral 19 denotes a liquid return pipe. One end of the liquid return pipe 19 is opened at a substantially bottom portion of the container 7, and the other end is opened at the liquid reservoir 14.
[0017]
The operation and action of the plow cultivation apparatus configured as described above will be described below.
[0018]
When nutrients are required or when the humidity decreases, the water suction pump 11 is operated to suck up the culture solution in the reservoir 14 and spray it from the spray nozzle 13 into the container 7. The sprayed culture solution 8 adheres to and is absorbed by the root portion 20 of the plant, and a part of the water evaporates to humidify the air in the container 7. The remaining culture solution 8 collects at the bottom of the container 7 and returns from the solution return pipe 19 to the solution reservoir 14. When the water level in the liquid reservoir 14 falls, liquid is supplied from the water supply tank 18.
[0019]
When the oxygen concentration in the container 7 decreases, the air pump 15 is operated. Outside air is sucked from the intake pipe 16 and is discharged from the air nozzle 17 into the container 7.
[0020]
According to the above configuration, while maintaining the humidity by the spraying of the culture solution 8 by the spraying means 9 and the airtightness of the container 7, the necessary oxygen is supplied by forcibly blowing air by the air supply means 10 to supply the necessary oxygen. It is possible to realize an environmental space with humidity and oxygen suitable for plant roots while providing nutrients.
[0021]
The liquid sprayed by the spraying means 9 may be not only the culture liquid but also water, and it is also possible to spray the liquid by switching between the culture liquid and the water each time, and it is not limited to one type.
[0022]
(Example 2)
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the aerial cultivation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Components having the same configuration as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0023]
In FIG. 2, a liquid reservoir 23 having an open surface is provided in the container 7, and an air discharge port 24 of the air supply means 10 is provided in the liquid reservoir 23.
[0024]
According to the above configuration, the air is passed through the culture solution 8 in the liquid reservoir 23 to supply air into the container 7, and the air is passed through the culture solution 8 to give moisture to the air. The decrease in humidity in the container 7 due to the introduction of low humidity air from the outside can be reduced, and the maintenance of the humidity is facilitated.
[0025]
(Example 3)
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the aerial cultivation apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Components having the same configurations as those of the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0026]
In FIG. 3, the spraying means 25 is for connecting the air discharge port 27 of the air pump 26 of the air supply means to the suction type air spray nozzle 28 to suck up the culture solution 8 and spray it together with the air. When the air pump 26 of the air supply means is operated, the outside air is sucked from the intake pipe 16, and the air vigorously passes from the air discharge port 27 to the air spray nozzle 28. For this reason, the pressure in the water absorption pipe 12 becomes low, and the culture solution 8 is sucked up and sprayed as fine mist from the upper end of the pipe to the tip of the nozzle.
[0027]
According to the above configuration, a pump or the like for pushing out the culture solution 8, which is separately required as the spraying unit 25, is shared with the pump or the like of the air supply unit 26, so that air and the culture solution can be sprayed at the same time, and the humidity can be reduced at low cost. Can be maintained and oxygen can be supplied.
[0028]
(Example 4)
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the aerial cultivation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description is omitted.
[0029]
In FIG. 4, the spraying unit 34 is an ultrasonic humidifying unit having the ultrasonic vibration element 29. When the ultrasonic vibration element 29 is operated, the culture solution 8 on the surface is atomized by vibration.
[0030]
According to this configuration, a culture solution having a particle diameter that floats in the air is supplied, and the nutrients of the fine particles stay in the air for a long time, easily adhere to the root portion 20 of the plant, and easily provide nutrients. Further, the fine water particles are in contact with the air, so that the water easily evaporates, and the humidity of the air in the container 7 can be easily increased.
[0031]
(Example 5)
FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the aerial cultivation apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Components having the same configuration as those of the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0032]
In FIG. 5, an air supply means 30 supplies oxygen-enriched air having a high oxygen concentration by a gas separation membrane 31. One side of the gas separation membrane 31 is blown by an air blower 33 at an atmospheric pressure through which the outside air indicated by an arrow A passes. On the other hand, the opposite surface faces the space depressurized by the vacuum pump 32. Due to this pressure difference, oxygen preferentially permeates through the gas separation membrane 31, and becomes oxygen-enriched air indicated by arrow B. The air is discharged from the air nozzle 17 into the container 7. The outside air is discharged from the blower 33 as nitrogen-enriched air indicated by an arrow C.
[0033]
With this configuration, it is easier to maintain the oxygen concentration in the container 7 than in the normal air, and the oxygen absorption from the roots of the plant can be improved.
[0034]
Some gas separation membranes not only transmit oxygen preferentially than nitrogen, but also transmit water vapor preferentially. This is effective not only for maintaining the oxygen concentration in the container 7 but also for maintaining the humidity. Furthermore, mold spores and germs in the outside air are separated by passing through the gas separation membrane 31, and since the pressure in the container 7 becomes a positive pressure, it is difficult for mold and germs to enter the container 7 from the surroundings. The inside of the container 7 can be kept cleaner than the air supply means.
[0035]
(Example 6)
As shown in FIG. 1, the support means 6 of the aerial cultivation apparatus according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a plant root portion 20 in a container 7 by sandwiching a plant stem portion 21 or a bulb portion 22. A sponge-like material having airtightness, flexibility and elasticity, such as closed-cell urethane resin, is used.Stems and bulbs of a plant can be held along the shape, thereby impairing airtightness. And has an effect of easily maintaining humidity.
[0036]
(Example 7)
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the control by the control means according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in the first to sixth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0037]
With respect to the air pump 26 of the air supply means in FIG. 3 of the third embodiment, the control means controls the air flow rate by controlling the air blowing capacity of the air pump 26 to reduce the air flow rate and send only the air. The control means is provided with a blowing mode and a spray mode in which the culture solution is sucked up by increasing the air flow rate and sprayed together with the air.
[0038]
In FIG. 6, it is determined in step ST1 whether nutrients are to be provided. If yes, the process proceeds to step ST2 to spray the culture solution if necessary, and the mode is set to the spray mode. In step ST3, the air pump of the air supply means is controlled to make the air flow rate equal to or more than a predetermined value. Since the air vigorously passes, the culture solution 8 is sucked up and sprayed from the nozzle tip. If No is determined in step ST1, the humidity in the container 7 is checked in step ST4. If the humidity is equal to or less than the predetermined value, humidification is necessary, so that it is determined to be No and the spray mode is set to step ST2. If the humidity is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the determination is Yes in step ST4, and the oxygen concentration is confirmed in step ST5. If the oxygen concentration is equal to or less than the predetermined value, it is necessary to supply air. In the blowing mode, the air pump of the air supply means is controlled in step ST7 to reduce the air volume to a predetermined value or less. Since the air flow rate is small, the culture solution 8 is not sucked up, and only air is discharged from the nozzle.
[0039]
The air supply means and the spraying means are realized by one air pump, and the air blowing mode for maintaining the oxygen concentration and the spraying mode for maintaining the humidity and replenishing nutrients are switched according to the state of the humidity and the oxygen concentration in the container. It is possible to individually maintain and adjust the humidity and the oxygen concentration in the container.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first to seventh aspects of the present invention, there is provided an aerial cultivation apparatus that realizes an environmental space with humidity and oxygen suitable for plant roots while providing necessary nutrients. Can be done.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an aerial cultivation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of an aerial cultivation apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a plow cultivation apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a plow cultivation apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Flow chart of control means in Embodiment 7 of the present invention [FIG. 7] Perspective view of conventional plow cultivation apparatus [Description of symbols]
6 Support means 7 Containers 9, 25, 34 Spray means 10, 26, 30 Air supply means 11 Water absorption pump 13 Spray nozzle 14, 23 Liquid reservoir 15 Air pump 16 Intake pipe 17 Air nozzle 24, 27 Air discharge port 28 Air spray nozzle 29 Ultrasonic vibrating element 31 Gas separation membrane 32 Vacuum pump 33 Blower

Claims (7)

植物を支持する支持手段と、植物の根部を囲む略気密空間を構成する容器と、養分となる培養液を前記容器内に噴霧する噴霧手段と、前記容器に空気を供給する空気供給手段とを有し、土壌を使わずに空中に根を露出させて植物を栽培する気耕栽培装置。Supporting means for supporting the plant, a container constituting a substantially airtight space surrounding the root of the plant, spraying means for spraying a culture solution serving as nutrients into the container, and air supply means for supplying air to the container. An aerial cultivation device that grows plants by exposing roots in the air without using soil. 容器内に表面を開放した液溜めを設け、空気供給手段の空気吐出口を前記液溜め内に設けて、空気を液溜め内の培養液の中を通過させて、前記容器内に空気を供給する請求項1に記載の気耕栽培装置。A reservoir having an open surface is provided in the container, an air discharge port of an air supply means is provided in the reservoir, and air is passed through the culture solution in the reservoir to supply air into the container. The aerial cultivation apparatus according to claim 1. 噴霧手段は、空気供給手段の空気吐出口を吸い上げ式エアースプレイのノズルに接続し培養液を吸い上げて空気とともに噴霧する請求項2に記載の気耕栽培装置。The aerial cultivation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the spraying means connects the air discharge port of the air supply means to a nozzle of a suction type air spray to suck up a culture solution and spray it together with air. 噴霧手段は、超音波加湿手段によって空中に浮遊する粒径の培養液を供給する請求項1に記載の気耕栽培装置。The aerial cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spraying unit supplies the culture solution having a particle diameter floating in the air by the ultrasonic humidifying unit. 空気供給手段は、気体分離膜によって酸素濃度の高い酸素富化空気を供給する請求項1に記載の気耕栽培装置。The aerial cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air supply means supplies oxygen-enriched air having a high oxygen concentration by a gas separation membrane. 支持手段は、気密性と可撓性と弾力性を有する請求項1に記載の気耕栽培装置。The aerial cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the support means has airtightness, flexibility, and elasticity. 空気供給手段は空気を送るエアーポンプを有し、エアーポンプの送風能力を制御することによって空気流量を制御して、空気流量を少なくして空気のみを送る送風モードと空気流量を多くして培養液を吸い上げて空気とともに噴霧する噴霧モードを備えた制御手段を有する請求項3に記載の気耕栽培装置。The air supply means has an air pump that sends air, controls the air flow rate by controlling the air blowing capacity of the air pump, reduces the air flow rate, increases the air flow rate, and cultures by increasing the air flow rate. The aerial cultivation apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a control unit having a spray mode for sucking the liquid and spraying the liquid with the air.
JP2003099984A 2003-04-03 2003-04-03 Aeroculture device Pending JP2004305036A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007020418A (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-02-01 Nikuni:Kk Water culture system
CN110178717A (en) * 2019-05-24 2019-08-30 陈庭倬 Hermetically sealed plant nutrient mist training device and its plant mist culture method
KR20200059484A (en) * 2018-11-21 2020-05-29 강원도 횡성군 Cultivation environment control system for plants
JP2020115765A (en) * 2019-01-22 2020-08-06 アイシン精機株式会社 Plant cultivation apparatus
TWI819691B (en) * 2022-07-07 2023-10-21 吳錦文 Aeroponic system with non-stop operation and energy saving

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007020418A (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-02-01 Nikuni:Kk Water culture system
KR20200059484A (en) * 2018-11-21 2020-05-29 강원도 횡성군 Cultivation environment control system for plants
KR102182832B1 (en) * 2018-11-21 2020-11-25 강원도 횡성군 Cultivation environment control system for plants
JP2020115765A (en) * 2019-01-22 2020-08-06 アイシン精機株式会社 Plant cultivation apparatus
JP7275596B2 (en) 2019-01-22 2023-05-18 株式会社アイシン plant cultivation equipment
CN110178717A (en) * 2019-05-24 2019-08-30 陈庭倬 Hermetically sealed plant nutrient mist training device and its plant mist culture method
TWI819691B (en) * 2022-07-07 2023-10-21 吳錦文 Aeroponic system with non-stop operation and energy saving

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