JP2004301428A - Flow-down monitoring device and method for molten slag - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably detect a flow-down state of the molten slag even in a state that the combustion gas flame and the burner flame exist at a slag discharge port, besides the slag. <P>SOLUTION: In a melting combustion furnace comprising the discharge port for separating the molten slag generated in the melting combustion furnace from the combustion gas, and discharging the same to the outside of the melting combustion furnace by gravitational flow-down, and the auxiliary combustion equipment mounted near the discharge port, the image data including the molten slag flowing down from the discharge port is taken, "brightness" and "color", "brightness" and "color phase", or "brightness", "color" and "color phase" of the image data are measured, each of the measured values and each of threshold values of the brightness, color and color phase are compared, an image of the result of comparison is extracted, and the the extracted image is recognized as the molten slag. The image data recognized as the molten slag is converted into an area, and the flow-down state of the molten slag is determined on the basis of a value of the converted area. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a facility for melting and burning waste and relates to a technique for monitoring the state of molten slag flowing down at an outlet for discharging molten slag out of the system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As the state detection of the molten slag in the prior art, the molten slag is directly visually monitored from an inspection window provided below a molten slag discharge port (hereinafter, referred to as a slag tap) provided at a melting furnace outlet, In addition, the molten slag is monitored indirectly visually by the image of a camera provided in contact with the inspection window.
[0003]
Furthermore, as a monitoring method other than visual observation, it has been proposed to photograph a molten slag flow at a melting furnace outlet and monitor a molten slag state based on luminance data of an image frame obtained by photographing (see Patent Document 1). ).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2000-304232
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional technology, there is a problem that it is necessary to constantly monitor the molten slag directly or indirectly with a camera, so that a fully automatic operation cannot be performed.
[0006]
Further, the technology of Patent Document 1 in the prior art uses the brightness of the molten slag as a criterion for determination, but in an actual molten combustion facility, a high temperature molten slag and a combustion flame of a pyrolysis gas are mixed at the lower part of the molten slag. . Further, depending on the melting and burning conditions, an auxiliary fuel burner such as kerosene or natural gas is used, so that a burner flame may be present.
[0007]
These combustion gas flames and burner flames have the same level of brightness as the molten slag, and the monitoring method for determining the molten slag flow based on the brightness as in the related art cannot be distinguished from the combustion gas flame or the burner flame. There was a problem.
[0008]
For example, even when the flow of the molten slag is discontinuous or stopped, the flame of the high-temperature combustion gas in the furnace blown out from the slag tap is detected, so that it is not possible to determine the deterioration of the flow of the molten slag. In addition, the burner flame using auxiliary fuel is used in conjunction with the deterioration of the molten slag flow, but at this time, in the conventional technology, the brightness of the burner flame blown from the slag tap is detected, so it is determined that the molten slag flow is improved. Can not.
[0009]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a monitoring device and method capable of automatically and stably automatically detecting a molten slag flowing state even in a state in which a combustion gas flame or a burner flame exists in addition to molten slag at a slag discharge port. It is in.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention mainly employs the following configuration.
In a melt-burning furnace having an outlet for separating molten slag generated in the melt-burning furnace from the combustion gas and discharging the molten slag to the outside of the melt-burning furnace by gravity flow, and an auxiliary combustion facility provided near the discharge port,
Capture image data including molten slag flowing down from the outlet,
Measure the "luminance" and "color" of the image data, or "luminance" and "hue", or "luminance" and "color" and "hue",
Comparing the measured values with the threshold values provided for each of the luminance, color, and hue,
An image is extracted from the result of the comparison, and the extracted image is recognized as a molten slag.
[0011]
Further, in the molten slag flow-down monitoring device, the image data recognized as the molten slag is converted into an area, and the flow-down state of the molten slag is determined based on the converted area value.
[0012]
By adopting such a configuration, the present invention can always automatically and stably automatically detect the molten slag flow-down state even in a state where a combustion gas flame or a burner flame exists in addition to the molten slag at the slag discharge port. .
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A monitoring device and a monitoring method of a molten slag according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an entire configuration of a monitoring apparatus for molten slag according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for checking a flowing state of molten slag according to this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the combustion gas temperature and the luminance, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the hue and the color of the combustion gas flame, the molten slag, and the natural gas flame.
[0014]
Here, 1 is a rotary melting furnace, 2 is a rotary melting furnace exit chamber, 3 is a slag discharge port, 4 is a secondary combustion chamber, 5 is a chute, 6 is a monitoring camera, 7 is a personal computer, 8 is an image processing board, Reference numeral 9 denotes a personal computer main body, and 10 denotes image processing software.
[0015]
In FIG. 1, a molten slag discharge port (slag tap) 3 is disposed below the outlet chamber 2 of the swirling melting furnace 1, and after the molten slag and the combustion gas are separated in the swirling melting furnace outlet chamber 2, the combustion gas is discharged. The slag is completely burned in the secondary combustion chamber 4, and the molten slag flows down from the slag tap 3 and is introduced into the granulation tank through the chute 5. The upstream and downstream devices of the swirling melting furnace 1 include a gasification furnace that supplies a pyrolysis gas to the swirling melting furnace 1, a ventilation facility that supplies combustion air, and a discharge from the secondary combustion chamber 4. A combustion gas exhaust gas treatment facility to be performed and a chimney are installed, but these are omitted in FIG.
[0016]
The molten slag monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a monitoring camera 6 attached to a chute section 5 below the slag tap 3, and a personal computer 7 that performs image processing of signals from the monitoring camera 6.
[0017]
From the various tests in the combustion test furnace, the following results were obtained for the respective relationships between the molten slag, the combustion gas flame, and the auxiliary fuel burner flame. First, with regard to luminance, it was confirmed that “luminance” quantitatively representing the degree of brightness has a correlation with temperature. FIG. 3 schematically shows the relationship between “luminance” and temperature. According to FIG. 3, the “brightness” increases as the temperature increases, so that the molten slag has a predetermined brightness. However, even if it is not the molten slag, since the auxiliary fuel burner flame and the combustion gas flame also have brightness according to the temperature, it is not possible to distinguish between the molten slag and the auxiliary fuel burner flame or the combustion gas flame only by “brightness”. .
[0018]
On the other hand, even when the temperature conditions were the same, it was found that the “color” representing the degree of vividness and the “hue” representing the hue were different for solid, gas, and liquid. FIG. 4 schematically shows the respective hues and color ranges of the molten slag, the combustion gas flame and the auxiliary fuel burner flame at the same temperature.
[0019]
In FIG. 4, the “color” of the combustion gas flame is low as compared with the molten slag. For this reason, even if the flame of the combustion gas has the same brightness as the molten slag, the degree of “color” is different, so only the molten slag is detected by appropriately setting the “luminance” and “color” thresholds. It becomes possible. In other words, if the molten slag flows down instead of solidifying at the outlet, a predetermined brightness can be secured by the molten slag, and even if a combustion gas flame exists near the outlet, its color Since the degree is different from the molten slag, setting the threshold value allows the molten slag to be distinguished from the combustion gas flame.
[0020]
Further, when the auxiliary fuel is a natural gas burner or an oxygen burner, the hue of the molten slag is red-yellow, whereas, for example, the natural gas flame shows a blue hue, so the `` hue '' differs. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish between the molten slag and the auxiliary fuel burner flame based on the threshold values of “luminance” and “hue”, and it is possible to determine that the molten slag is molten slag. Here, the auxiliary fuel is not always used, but is used when needed, so that the timing signal of its use can be used to distinguish between molten slag and the auxiliary fuel burner flame. it can. That is, the distinction between the molten slag and the combustion gas flame is color (the colors partially overlap, but can be distinguished if the threshold is set strictly), and the distinction between the molten slag and the auxiliary fuel burner flame is made. Is a hue (cannot be distinguished by color), so that it is sufficient to use the timing signal to determine whether a parameter for distinction is a color or a hue. Further, the molten slag may be distinguished from the combustion gas flame and / or the auxiliary fuel burner flame by using three of “brightness”, “hue”, and “color”.
[0021]
As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the molten slag, the combustion gas flame, and the auxiliary fuel burner flame are used to detect only the molten slag using the difference between the respective values of “luminance”, “color”, and “hue”. In addition, by measuring the “brightness”, “color”, and “hue” of the target object and recognizing only the data that falls within a predetermined threshold value as molten slag, only molten slag can be reliably obtained under any combustion conditions. It becomes possible to measure at once.
[0022]
FIG. 2 shows a processing flow in the personal computer 7 of image data captured by the monitoring camera 6. The image data captured by the monitoring camera 6 is taken into the image memory of the image processing board 8 (step 1). Next, a portion corresponding to "luminance", "color", and "hue" falling within the designated threshold value is extracted from the captured image memory (step 2). Specifically, the slag has a brightness indicating that it is not solidified but molten slag, has a color that can be distinguished from a combustion gas flame, and has an auxiliary fuel burner flame (eg, a natural gas flame). An image having a hue that can be distinguished, that is, an image of the molten slag is extracted, and the extracted image is superimposed on the image captured by the monitoring camera 6 and output (step 3). By comparing the extracted image with the actual photographed image, it is possible to confirm the distinguished ability. Subsequently, the area of the extracted image (image corresponding to the molten slag) is calculated (step 4), and the area average value within a certain period of time is compared with a preset threshold to determine the slag flow state. A determination is made (step 5).
[0023]
By setting the image area for data extraction near the slag tap opening, if the calculated area value is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value, it is possible to detect the blockage of the opening.
[0024]
By setting the image area as the molten slag dropping area, when the calculated area value is equal to or less than a predetermined value, it is possible to detect a molten slag flow-down failure.
[0025]
As described above, the feature of the present invention is to detect “brightness”, “color”, and “hue” from a molten slag flow-down image, and use only data whose measured values satisfy a predetermined threshold as a molten slag flow. recognize. Furthermore, it is possible to calculate the area of the recognized molten slag flow (data) and determine the state of the molten slag flow from the numerical value of the area.
[0026]
In addition, by digitally processing the molten slag detection unit in the molten slag flow-down image with a personal computer, any number of areas in one image can be set as the detection area. Monitoring of two locations of the molten slag dropping portion can be simultaneously performed.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, at the slag discharge port and the chute portion, even in a state in which a combustion gas flame or an auxiliary fuel burner flame is present in addition to the molten slag, the molten slag flowing down state is always stably monitored without constantly monitoring. Can be detected.
[0028]
By detecting the slag flow-down state, blockage due to slag solidification at the slag discharge port can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an entire configuration of a molten slag monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for checking a flowing state of molten slag according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between combustion gas temperature and luminance.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a combustion gas flame, a molten slag, and a natural gas flame, and a hue and a color.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Swirling melting furnace 2 Swirling melting furnace outlet room 3 Slag discharge port 4 Secondary combustion chamber 5 Chute section 6 Surveillance camera 7 Personal computer 8 Image processing board 9 Personal computer body 10 Image processing software

Claims (4)

In a melt-burning furnace having an outlet for separating molten slag generated in the melt-burning furnace from the combustion gas and discharging the molten slag to the outside of the melt-burning furnace by gravity flow, and an auxiliary combustion facility provided near the discharge port,
Capture image data including molten slag flowing down from the outlet,
Measure the "luminance" and "color" of the image data, or "luminance" and "hue", or "luminance" and "color" and "hue",
Comparing the measured values with the threshold values provided for each of the luminance, color, and hue,
An apparatus for monitoring the flow of molten slag, wherein an image of the result of the comparison is extracted and the extracted image is recognized as molten slag. In claim 1,
A flow-down monitoring device for molten slag, wherein the image data recognized as the molten slag is converted into an area, and a flow-down state of the molten slag is determined based on the converted area value. In claim 2,
A flow monitoring apparatus for molten slag, which detects the blockage of the slag at the discharge port based on the area value by capturing image data in the vicinity of the discharge port. A discharge port for discharging molten slag by gravity flow, and an auxiliary combustion facility provided near the discharge port, a method for monitoring the flow of molten slag in a molten combustion furnace provided with:
Capturing image data including molten slag flowing down from the outlet,
Measuring the `` brightness '' and `` color '' of the image data, or `` brightness '' and `` hue '', or `` brightness '' and `` color '' and `` hue '';
Comparing each of the measured values with a threshold value provided for each of luminance, color, and hue;
Extracting an image of the result of the comparison and recognizing the extracted image as molten slag.

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