JP2004300518A - Raw material pig for cast iron by electric furnace dissolution, and production method therefor - Google Patents

Raw material pig for cast iron by electric furnace dissolution, and production method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004300518A
JP2004300518A JP2003094806A JP2003094806A JP2004300518A JP 2004300518 A JP2004300518 A JP 2004300518A JP 2003094806 A JP2003094806 A JP 2003094806A JP 2003094806 A JP2003094806 A JP 2003094806A JP 2004300518 A JP2004300518 A JP 2004300518A
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Prior art keywords
cast iron
hot metal
iron
electric furnace
pig
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JP2003094806A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Koichi Morioka
耕一 森岡
Takashi Noda
俊 野田
Hitoaki Yamagata
仁朗 山形
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily control the content of S in cast iron without the addition of a vulcanizing material in the production of cast iron by electric furnace dissolution. <P>SOLUTION: The raw material pig is obtained by adding a vulcanizing material such as iron sulfide to a hot metal extracted from a blast furnace at least in either one place from a hot metal gutter to a tundish before a pig iron casting machine to increase the content of S in the hot metal, and thereafter performing cooling/solidifying by the pig iron casting machine, and comprises, by mass, 3.0 to 4.5% C, 0.1 to 12% Si, 0.01 to 5% Mn and >0.3 to 5% S, and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電気炉溶解で鋳鉄鋳物を製造するのに使用される原料銑とその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来鋳鉄鋳物を製造するための溶解炉としては、キュポラが多く用いられていたが、近年キュポラ溶解には環境衛生上の問題や生産弾力性に欠ける問題等があることにより、電気炉溶解に移行している。
【0003】
鋳鉄鋳物の主原料としては、一般的に原料銑、鋼屑、返り材(鋳物を製造した際の押湯、湯道、不良品などの自家発生品)等が用いられる。キュポラ溶解では熱源としてコークスを使用するためコークス中のS分が溶銑中に加硫される。このため鋳鉄中のS許容量の制約により原料銑中のS含有量は低位に制限されていた(例えば、特許文献1〜3参照)。
【0004】
ところが、電気炉溶解では電気を熱源とするためコークスを使用する必要がないため、電気炉で従来と同様の主原料を用いて鋳鉄を製造すると鋳鉄中のS含有量がキュポラ溶解で製造された鋳鉄に比べ大幅に低くなる。そして、このように鋳鉄中のS含有量が過少となると、鋳造時に引け巣が発生しやすい、薄肉部にチルが発生しやすい、鋳物の引張強度が不足する、熱処理時にクラックが発生しやすい、機械加工性が悪化する等の諸問題が生じることが明らかとなってきた。
【0005】
したがって、上記諸問題を回避するため、鋳鉄中のS含有量は過少とすることなく一定のレベルに維持する必要があり、この対策として電気炉溶解の際に硫化鉄などの加硫材を添加することが行われている。
【0006】
ところが、加硫材として硫化鉄を用いた場合、鋳造製品の種類や加炭材の量等によって鋳鉄中へのS歩留が50〜95%の間で変動することが知られている。このため、溶解後の溶湯の成分分析によりS含有量が不足していた場合には再調整用の硫化鉄を添加する必要があること、一方S含有量が過剰な場合はSを薄めるため鋼屑等の主原料を投入する必要があり他の成分の再調整も必要となることから工程が複雑となり、生産性が低い問題があった。
【0007】
そこで、溶解時に加硫材を添加する代わりに、予め主原料にS分が所定量含有されていれば、上記溶解時におけるS歩留の変動を防止できるものと考えられる。主原料のうち鋼屑や返り材中のS含有量は低くその調整もできないため、原料銑中のS含有量を高めることが最も有効と考えられる。
【0008】
ここで、電気炉溶解で製造される可鍛鋳鉄用の原料銑として、製銑炉から抽出される溶銑中に硫化鉄鉱を添加することにより溶銑のS含有量を増加させて得られた、S:0.05〜0.3%の原料銑を用いることが有効であることが開示されている(特許文献4参照)。しかしながら、この従来技術は、鋳造後の熱処理等により可鍛鋳鉄とするために、電気炉溶解で鋳造された鋳鉄を鋳放し状態において黒鉛を発生させないことを目的とするものである。これに対し、本発明では、通常の鋳鉄(ねずみ鋳鉄、球状黒鉛鋳鉄)を対象としており、鋳放し状態で発生する黒鉛の形状を好適なものとするところに技術課題を有するものである。したがって、単に上記従来技術を適用するのみでは本発明の技術課題を解決し得ないものである。
【0009】
【特許文献1】
特開平3−260006号公報
【特許文献2】
特公平2−29734号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平7−216494号公報
【特許文献4】
特開昭53−100123号公報
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明は、電気炉溶解で鋳鉄を製造する場合において加硫材を添加することなく、簡易に鋳鉄のS含有量を調整することが可能な原料銑を提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に記載の発明は、電気炉溶解で鋳鉄を製造するのに使用される原料銑であって、質量%で、C:3.0〜4.5%、Si:0.1〜12%、Mn:0.01〜5%、S:0.3%超5%以下を含有し、残部不可避的不純物およびFeよりなる電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑である。
【0012】
請求項2に記載の発明は、前記鋳鉄が、ねずみ鋳鉄または球状黒鉛鋳鉄である請求項1に記載の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑である。
【0013】
請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1または2に記載の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑を製造する方法であって、高炉から抽出された溶銑中に、溶銑樋から鋳銑機前のタンディッシュまでの少なくともいずれか1ヶ所において、加硫材を添加することにより溶銑のS含有量を増加させることを特徴とする電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑の製造方法である。
【0014】
請求項4に記載の発明は、前記加硫材を溶銑中に添加する手段が、不活性ガスにより前記加硫材を前記溶銑中に吹き込むものである請求項3に記載の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑の製造方法である。
【0015】
請求項5に記載の発明は、前記加硫材を溶銑中に添加する手段が、前記溶銑が流下するところに前記加硫材を落とし込むものである請求項3に記載の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑の製造方法である。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下の記述において、「%」は「質量%」を意味するものとする。
【0017】
電気炉溶解に際し主原料の一部として、C:3.0〜4.5%、Si:0.1〜12%、Mn:0.01〜5%、S:0.3%超5%以下を含有し、残部不可避的不純物およびFeよりなる原料銑(銑鉄)を用いることにより、予めS分が銑鉄中に高濃度に含有されているため、加硫材を添加する必要がない。また、S分が銑鉄中に分散しているため鋳鉄中へのS歩留が高く、鋳鉄中のS含有量の的中率も高い。その結果、所望の機械的性質を有する鋳鉄鋳物を従来より簡易かつ高生産性で得ることができる。
【0018】
ここで、従来のように鋳鉄の溶製時に加硫材を添加する代わりに、本発明の高S含有量の原料銑を用いることが、なぜ有利な効果をもたらすのかについて述べる。従来のように、加硫材として硫化鉄(FeS)を電気炉溶解時に添加すると、まず溶湯中にFeSが溶解し、その後溶湯中のMnと化合しMnSとなる。このMnSは融点が約1600℃であるため固体として溶湯中に分散し、冷却時における黒鉛化促進の核となるとともに、黒鉛化反応の正触媒として働き、良好な黒鉛形状が得られると考えられる。また、球状化黒鉛鋳鉄を溶製する場合には、Sは球状化剤とも化合して融点または分解温度が2000℃以上のMgSやReSとして球状化黒鉛の核を形成すると言われている。電気炉溶解においては、これら高融点または高分解温度の硫化物の形成には数十分程度の長時間を要すると考えられており、加硫材をできるだけ溶解工程の初期に添加することが行われているが、上述したように電気炉溶解においては加硫材のS歩留は大きく変動し、十分な黒鉛形状の改善効果が得られない問題がある。これに対し、銑鉄中に予めSを添加して硫化物を含有させておけば、電気炉溶解時に高S歩留で溶湯全体に硫化物が速やかに分散するため、安定して優れた黒鉛形状の改善効果が得られるものである。
【0019】
以下に、本発明の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑の成分組成を限定する理由を説明する。
【0020】
a)C:3.0〜4.5%
Cが4.5%より多いと、Cを希釈するために鋼屑を多量に配合する必要があるため、鋳鉄中に鋼屑中のCuなどの不純物が移行して不純物濃度が高くなりすぎる。一方、Cが3.0%より少ないと、鋳鉄中のC含有量を維持するために鋼屑の配合量を減らすか、鋼屑の配合量を減らさない場合には炭化材の添加を必要とするため、経済的に不利である。したがって、Cは3.0〜4.5%の範囲とする。
【0021】
b)Si:0.1〜12%、Mn:0.01〜5%
Si、Mnは、製造される鋳鉄の成分組成からの要求に応じて、溶銑に脱Si、Mn処理または加Si、Mn処理を施して含有量を調整することができる。しかし、Siが12%、Mnが5%より多いと、これらの元素を希釈するために鋼屑を多量に配合する必要があるため、鋳鉄中に鋼屑中のCuなどの不純物が移行して不純物濃度が高くなりすぎる。一方、Siが0.1%、Mnが0.01%より少ないと、脱Si、Mn処理のコストが高くなり過ぎ、経済的に不利である。したがって、Siは0.1〜12%、Mnは0.01〜5%の範囲とする。
【0022】
c)S:0.3%超5%以下
Sは5%より多いと、鋳鉄のS含有量を好適値にするために銑鉄の添加量が僅少となり、鋳鉄全体へのS分の分散が不十分となりやすく、鋳鉄のS含有量の変動を生じるおそれが高くなる。一方、Sが0.3%以下になると、鋳鉄中のS含有量が好適値を維持できず、鋳放し状態において黒鉛の析出が抑制され(特許文献4、第2頁右下欄最下行〜第3頁左上欄第2行参照)、C分はセメンタイトとして析出するため、本発明が対象とする通常の鋳鉄としての機械的性質等を悪化させる。したがって、Sは0.3%超5%以下の範囲とする。なお、Sの下限は好ましくは0.5%、より好ましくは0.7%、Sの上限は好ましくは3%、より好ましくは1%が推奨される。
【0023】
c)残部不可避的不純物およびFe
残部は実質的にFe成分とするが、銑鉄を製造する際に原料等から不可避的に持ち込まれる成分、例えばP、Ti、Pb、Cu、Ni、Cr、V、Al等を含有してもよいものとする。なお、Pは鋳鉄の延性や強度に悪影響を及ぼす元素であるためできるだけ少ない方が望ましく、必要により溶銑の脱りん処理を行ってもよい。
【0024】
次に、本発明の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑の製造方法について説明する。一般的に、高炉から抽出された溶銑は、溶銑樋にてスラグと分離されたのち、傾注樋を経て溶銑鍋(またはトーピード)にて受銑される。この溶銑鍋(またはトーピード)に受銑された溶銑は、必要により脱りん処理等の溶銑予備処理を施された後、鋳銑工場に移送され、鋳銑機前のタンディッシュに供給される。そして、溶銑はタンディッシュから鋳銑機に注がれ、冷却・固化して型銑(銑鉄)が得られる。
【0025】
本発明の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑を得るために、高炉から抽出された溶銑中に、溶銑樋から鋳銑機前のタンディッシュまでの間にて加硫材を添加することにより溶銑のS含有量を増加させる。
【0026】
加硫材としては、電気炉溶解における鋳鉄製造時に用いられるものと同様の硫化鉄または硫化鉄鉱を用いることが推奨される。溶銑温度1400〜1500℃に比べFeSの融点は1193℃と低いので溶銑中に溶け込みやすいからである。なお、単体イオウは沸点が445℃と低く、かつ燃えやすいので使いづらいものであるが、後述の不活性ガスによるインジェクションにより直接溶銑中に吹き込む方法を用いれば使用可能である。
【0027】
加硫材を添加する場所は、溶銑樋から鋳銑機前のタンディッシュまでの間であればいずれの場所でもよく、1ヶ所のみでなく複数の場所において添加してもよい。
【0028】
加硫材の溶銑中への添加方法は、特に限定されるものではないが、不活性ガスにより吹き込む方法、または溶銑が流下するところに落とし込む方法を採用することが好ましい。
【0029】
例えば、加硫材を溶銑樋、傾注樋、溶銑鍋(またはトーピード)およびタンディッシュ内など比較的溶銑流れが穏やかな場所で添加する場合には、ランスを用いてNガス、Arガス等の不活性ガスによるインジェクションにて、溶銑中に直接吹き込むことが好ましい。これにより、大気中への加硫材の飛散を防止しつつ、吹込みガスによる溶銑の攪拌効果により加硫材が溶銑中に迅速に溶け込み、溶銑加硫時におけるS歩留が向上するからである。
【0030】
また、溶銑樋から傾注樋へ溶銑が流下する場所、傾注樋から溶銑鍋(またはトーピード)内に溶銑が流下する場所、溶銑鍋(またはトーピード)から鋳銑機前のタンディッシュ内に溶銑が流下する場所など、溶銑が流下するところに加硫材を落とし込むことが好ましい。これにより、溶銑が下流側の樋や容器(溶銑鍋、トーピード、タンディッシュ等)内の溶銑上に落下した際の攪拌効果により加硫材が溶銑中に迅速に溶け込み、加硫時におけるS歩留が向上するからである。
【0031】
溶銑への加硫材の添加量は、過去の高炉操業実績から予測される加硫前の溶銑S含有量と、加硫後の目標の銑鉄S含有量と、予定の溶銑抽出量(出銑量)とに、加硫時におけるS歩留(本発明の実施による実績値から予測すればよい)を考慮して定めることができる。そして、加硫材の添加は、溶銑に添加した加硫材が過剰に溶け残ることがない程度に少量ずつ連続的に行うことが好ましく、溶銑抽出速度(出銑速度)や容器(溶銑鍋、トーピード、タンディッシュ等)の容積等を考慮して適宜添加速度を調整すればよい。
【0032】
以上のようにして、所望のS含有量の型銑(銑鉄)が得られ、この型銑(銑鉄)を電気炉溶解用の原料銑として用いることにより、鋳造時に加硫材を添加する必要がなくなるため、鋳鉄のS含有量を容易に所望のレベルに調整でき、高品質の鋳物を高生産性で製造できる。
【0033】
【実施例】
高炉から溶銑鍋にて移送された溶銑(母溶銑)を鋳銑機前のタンディッシュに注入する際に、タンディッシュの上方に設けた加硫材添加用のホッパーから加硫材を重力添加により溶銑流中に連続的に落とし込んだ。溶銑鍋の溶銑容量は70トンで、タンディッシュへの母溶銑の注入は約30分間で行った。加硫材としては粒径10〜50mmの硫化鉄(Fe:42%、S:48%、Si:5%)を用い、溶銑1トン当り6.9kgの硫化鉄を添加した。
【0034】
母溶銑および鋳銑機で製造された型銑(銑鉄)の成分組成を表1に示す。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 2004300518
【0036】
表1に示すように、本発明の成分組成を有する高S含有量の銑鉄が、高S歩留で得られた。
【0037】
この銑鉄を原料銑として用い、鋼屑等を配合して1トン高周波電気炉で溶解して、ねずみ鋳鉄(片状黒鉛鋳鉄)および球状黒鉛鋳鉄の鋳造品を製造した。その結果、電気炉溶解に際して加硫材を用いることなく、高S歩留で高S含有量の鋳造品が得られた。また、良好な黒鉛形状を有する鋳造組織が得られ、引け巣等の鋳造不良は解消し、引張強度や伸び等の機械的性質も大幅に改善された。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたところから明らかなように、本発明によれば、電気炉溶解で鋳鉄を製造する場合において加硫材を添加することなく、簡易に鋳鉄のS含有量を調整することが可能な原料銑を提供することができる。また、このような原料銑を用いることにより、機械的性質に優れた鋳鉄鋳物製品を高生産性で製造できる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a raw material pig used for producing a cast iron casting by electric furnace melting and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, cupolas have been widely used as melting furnaces for manufacturing cast iron castings.In recent years, cupola melting has shifted to electric furnace melting due to environmental health problems and problems with lack of production elasticity. are doing.
[0003]
As the main raw materials for cast iron castings, generally used are pig iron, steel chips, and return materials (self-generated products such as feeders, runners, and defective products when castings are manufactured). In cupola melting, since coke is used as a heat source, the S component in the coke is vulcanized into the hot metal. For this reason, the S content in the raw material pig has been limited to a low level due to the restriction of the allowable amount of S in the cast iron (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
[0004]
However, in electric furnace melting, it is not necessary to use coke because electricity is used as a heat source, so when producing cast iron using the same main raw material in an electric furnace, the S content in the cast iron was produced by cupola melting. Significantly lower than cast iron. And when the S content in the cast iron is too low, shrinkage cavities are likely to occur during casting, chill is likely to occur in thin portions, tensile strength of the casting is insufficient, cracks are likely to occur during heat treatment, It has become clear that various problems such as deterioration of machinability occur.
[0005]
Therefore, in order to avoid the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to maintain the S content in the cast iron at a certain level without making it too small. That is being done.
[0006]
However, when iron sulfide is used as the vulcanizing material, it is known that the S yield in the cast iron varies between 50% and 95% depending on the type of the cast product, the amount of the carburizing material, and the like. For this reason, it is necessary to add iron sulfide for readjustment when the S content is insufficient according to the component analysis of the molten metal after melting. On the other hand, when the S content is excessive, Since the main raw materials such as scraps need to be charged, and other components need to be readjusted, the process becomes complicated and there is a problem of low productivity.
[0007]
Therefore, it is considered that if the predetermined amount of S is previously contained in the main raw material instead of adding the vulcanizing agent at the time of dissolution, the variation of the S yield at the time of the melting can be prevented. Since the S content in the steel scrap and the returned material among the main raw materials is low and cannot be adjusted, it is considered that increasing the S content in the raw material pig is most effective.
[0008]
Here, as raw material pig for malleable cast iron produced by electric furnace melting, S content obtained by increasing the S content of hot metal by adding iron sulfide to hot metal extracted from the iron making furnace, : It is disclosed that it is effective to use 0.05 to 0.3% of raw material iron (see Patent Document 4). However, this prior art aims to prevent graphite from being generated in the as-cast state of cast iron cast by melting in an electric furnace in order to form a malleable cast iron by heat treatment after casting. On the other hand, the present invention is intended for ordinary cast iron (grey cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron), and has a technical problem in that the shape of graphite generated in an as-cast state is made suitable. Therefore, the technical problem of the present invention cannot be solved only by applying the above-mentioned conventional technology.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-3-260006 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 2-29734 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-7-216494 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-53-100123
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a raw material pig capable of easily adjusting the S content of cast iron without adding a vulcanizing agent when producing cast iron by electric furnace melting.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is a raw material pig used for producing cast iron by melting in an electric furnace, wherein, by mass%, C: 3.0 to 4.5%, and Si: 0.1 to 12%. %, Mn: 0.01 to 5%, S: more than 0.3% and 5% or less, and is a raw material pig for electric furnace melting cast iron consisting of unavoidable impurities and Fe.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 2 is the raw material pig for electric furnace melting cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the cast iron is gray cast iron or spheroidal graphite cast iron.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 3 is a method for producing a raw material pig for an electric furnace molten cast iron according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the molten iron extracted from the blast furnace contains a tank from a molten iron gutter before a cast iron machine. A method for producing raw iron for electric furnace molten cast iron, characterized by increasing the S content of hot metal by adding a vulcanizing material at at least one location up to a dish.
[0014]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the means for adding the vulcanizing material into the hot metal blows the vulcanizing material into the hot metal with an inert gas. This is a method for producing raw iron.
[0015]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the means for adding the vulcanized material into the hot metal drops the vulcanized material into a place where the hot metal flows down, and the raw material for an electric furnace molten cast iron according to the third aspect. This is a method for producing pig iron.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the following description, “%” means “% by mass”.
[0017]
C: 3.0 to 4.5%, Si: 0.1 to 12%, Mn: 0.01 to 5%, S: more than 0.3% and 5% or less when melting in an electric furnace , And the use of a raw material pig (pig iron) composed of unavoidable impurities and Fe as a balance, the sulfur content is previously contained in the pig iron at a high concentration, so that it is not necessary to add a vulcanizing agent. Further, since the S component is dispersed in the pig iron, the S yield in the cast iron is high, and the hit ratio of the S content in the cast iron is high. As a result, a cast iron casting having desired mechanical properties can be obtained more easily and with higher productivity than before.
[0018]
Here, the reason why the use of the raw material pig having a high S content of the present invention instead of adding the vulcanizing agent at the time of smelting cast iron as in the related art, has an advantageous effect will be described. When iron sulfide (FeS) is added as a vulcanizing agent during melting of an electric furnace, FeS is first dissolved in a molten metal and then combined with Mn in the molten metal to form MnS. Since MnS has a melting point of about 1600 ° C., it is supposed that it is dispersed in the molten metal as a solid, serves as a nucleus for accelerating graphitization at the time of cooling, acts as a positive catalyst for the graphitization reaction, and obtains a good graphite shape. . When spheroidized graphite cast iron is produced, it is said that S also combines with a spheroidizing agent to form spheroidized graphite nuclei as MgS or ReS having a melting point or decomposition temperature of 2000 ° C. or more. In electric furnace melting, it is considered that the formation of these sulfides having a high melting point or a high decomposition temperature takes about several tens of minutes, and it is necessary to add the vulcanizing material as early as possible in the melting process. However, as described above, in the electric furnace melting, there is a problem that the S yield of the vulcanized material varies greatly, and a sufficient effect of improving the graphite shape cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if S is added to pig iron in advance to contain sulfides, the sulfides are quickly dispersed throughout the molten metal at a high S yield during melting of the electric furnace, so that a stable and excellent graphite shape is obtained. The effect of improvement can be obtained.
[0019]
Hereinafter, the reason for limiting the component composition of the raw material pig for the electric furnace melting cast iron of the present invention will be described.
[0020]
a) C: 3.0-4.5%
If C is more than 4.5%, a large amount of steel chips must be added to dilute C, so that impurities such as Cu in the steel chips migrate into the cast iron, and the impurity concentration becomes too high. On the other hand, if C is less than 3.0%, it is necessary to reduce the amount of steel scrap to maintain the C content in the cast iron, or to add a carbonizing material if the amount of steel scrap is not reduced. Therefore, it is economically disadvantageous. Therefore, C is set in the range of 3.0 to 4.5%.
[0021]
b) Si: 0.1 to 12%, Mn: 0.01 to 5%
The content of Si and Mn can be adjusted by subjecting the hot metal to Si removal, Mn treatment or Si and Mn treatment according to the requirements of the component composition of the cast iron to be produced. However, if Si is more than 12% and Mn is more than 5%, it is necessary to mix a large amount of steel chips to dilute these elements, so that impurities such as Cu in the steel chips migrate into the cast iron. The impurity concentration is too high. On the other hand, if the content of Si is less than 0.1% and the content of Mn is less than 0.01%, the cost of removing Si and Mn becomes too high, which is economically disadvantageous. Therefore, Si is in the range of 0.1 to 12%, and Mn is in the range of 0.01 to 5%.
[0022]
c) S: more than 0.3% and 5% or less If S is more than 5%, the amount of pig iron added becomes small in order to make the S content of the cast iron a suitable value, and the S content in the entire cast iron is not dispersed. This is likely to be sufficient, and the possibility of causing a change in the S content of the cast iron increases. On the other hand, when S is 0.3% or less, the S content in the cast iron cannot maintain a suitable value, and the precipitation of graphite is suppressed in the as-cast state (Patent Document 4, page 2, lower right column, bottom line- (See page 2, upper left column, second line), and the C component precipitates as cementite, thus deteriorating the mechanical properties and the like of a normal cast iron targeted by the present invention. Therefore, S is set in a range of more than 0.3% and 5% or less. The lower limit of S is preferably 0.5%, more preferably 0.7%, and the upper limit of S is preferably 3%, more preferably 1%.
[0023]
c) balance unavoidable impurities and Fe
The balance is substantially Fe components, but may contain components unavoidably brought from raw materials or the like when producing pig iron, for example, P, Ti, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, V, Al, and the like. Shall be. Since P is an element that has an adverse effect on the ductility and strength of cast iron, it is desirable that P be as small as possible.
[0024]
Next, a method for producing a raw material pig for an electric furnace molten cast iron of the present invention will be described. Generally, hot metal extracted from a blast furnace is separated from slag by a hot metal gutter and then received by a hot metal pot (or torpedo) via a slanting gutter. The hot metal received by the hot metal pot (or torpedo) is subjected to hot metal pretreatment such as dephosphorization if necessary, and then transferred to a cast iron factory, where it is supplied to a tundish in front of a cast iron machine. Then, the hot metal is poured from a tundish into a casting machine, cooled and solidified to obtain pig iron (pig iron).
[0025]
In order to obtain the raw material pig for the molten iron cast in the electric furnace of the present invention, the vulcanizing agent is added to the molten iron extracted from the blast furnace between the hot metal gutter and the tundish in front of the cast iron machine to thereby reduce the S of the hot metal. Increase content.
[0026]
As the vulcanizing material, it is recommended to use the same iron sulfide or iron sulfide as that used in the production of cast iron in electric furnace melting. This is because the melting point of FeS is 1193 ° C. lower than that of the hot metal temperature of 1400 to 1500 ° C., so that it is easily melted into the hot metal. It should be noted that simple sulfur is difficult to use because it has a low boiling point of 445 ° C. and is flammable, but can be used if a method of directly injecting into hot metal by injection with an inert gas described later is used.
[0027]
The location where the vulcanizing agent is added may be any location as long as it is between the hot metal gutter and the tundish in front of the casting machine, and may be added not only at one location but also at a plurality of locations.
[0028]
The method of adding the vulcanized material to the hot metal is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to adopt a method of blowing with an inert gas or a method of dropping the hot metal into a flowing down place.
[0029]
For example, when the vulcanizing material is added in a place where the flow of hot metal is relatively gentle, such as in a hot metal gutter, a tilting gutter, a hot metal ladle (or torpedo), and a tundish, a lance is used to add N 2 gas, Ar gas, or the like. It is preferable to directly blow into hot metal by injection with an inert gas. Thereby, while preventing the vulcanized material from scattering into the atmosphere, the vulcanized material quickly melts into the hot metal due to the stirring effect of the hot metal by the blown gas, and the S yield during hot metal vulcanization is improved. is there.
[0030]
In addition, the hot metal flows from the hot metal gutter to the casting gutter, the hot metal flows from the hot casting gutter into the hot metal pot (or torpedo), or the hot metal flows from the hot metal pot (or torpedo) into the tundish in front of the cast iron machine. It is preferable to drop the vulcanizing material in a place where the hot metal flows down, such as a place where the hot metal flows. As a result, the vulcanizing material quickly melts into the hot metal due to the stirring effect when the hot metal falls onto the hot metal in a downstream gutter or vessel (hot metal pot, torpedo, tundish, etc.), and the S step during vulcanization is reduced. This is because the stay is improved.
[0031]
The amount of vulcanizing agent added to the hot metal depends on the hot metal S content before vulcanization predicted from past blast furnace operation results, the target pig iron S content after vulcanization, and the expected hot metal extraction amount ( ) Can be determined in consideration of the S yield at the time of vulcanization (it may be predicted from the actual value obtained by implementing the present invention). It is preferable that the vulcanizing agent is added continuously little by little so that the vulcanizing agent added to the hot metal does not remain excessively melted. The hot metal extraction speed (metal tapping speed) and the container (hot metal pot, The addition rate may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the volume of torpedo, tundish, etc.).
[0032]
As described above, a pig iron (pig iron) having a desired S content is obtained. By using this pig iron (pig iron) as a raw material iron for melting an electric furnace, it is necessary to add a vulcanizing material during casting. Therefore, the S content of the cast iron can be easily adjusted to a desired level, and a high quality casting can be manufactured with high productivity.
[0033]
【Example】
When pouring hot metal (mother hot metal) transferred from a blast furnace into a hot metal pot into a tundish in front of a casting machine, the vulcanizing material is added by gravity from a hopper for vulcanizing material addition provided above the tundish. Continuously dropped into hot metal flow. The hot metal capacity of the hot metal pot was 70 tons, and the injection of the mother hot metal into the tundish was performed in about 30 minutes. Iron sulfide (Fe: 42%, S: 48%, Si: 5%) having a particle size of 10 to 50 mm was used as a vulcanizing agent, and 6.9 kg of iron sulfide was added per ton of hot metal.
[0034]
Table 1 shows the component compositions of the mother pig iron and the pig iron (pig iron) manufactured by the cast iron machine.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004300518
[0036]
As shown in Table 1, pig iron having a high S content having the component composition of the present invention was obtained at a high S yield.
[0037]
Using this pig iron as raw material pig, steel scraps and the like were mixed and melted in a 1-ton high-frequency electric furnace to produce gray cast iron (flake graphite cast iron) and spheroidal graphite cast iron. As a result, a cast product having a high S yield and a high S content was obtained without using a vulcanizing material in melting the electric furnace. In addition, a cast structure having a good graphite shape was obtained, casting defects such as shrinkage cavities were eliminated, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation were greatly improved.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, when producing cast iron by melting in an electric furnace, a raw material capable of easily adjusting the S content of cast iron without adding a vulcanizing agent. Pig iron can be provided. Further, by using such raw material pig, a cast iron casting product having excellent mechanical properties can be manufactured with high productivity.

Claims (5)

電気炉溶解で鋳鉄を製造するのに使用される原料銑であって、質量%で、C:3.0〜4.5%、Si:0.1〜12%、Mn:0.01〜5%、S:0.3%超5%以下を含有し、残部不可避的不純物およびFeよりなる電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑。Raw iron used to produce cast iron by melting in an electric furnace, which is, by mass%, C: 3.0 to 4.5%, Si: 0.1 to 12%, Mn: 0.01 to 5 %, S: Raw material pig for electric furnace melting cast iron, containing more than 0.3% and 5% or less, the balance being inevitable impurities and Fe. 前記鋳鉄が、ねずみ鋳鉄または球状黒鉛鋳鉄である請求項1に記載の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑。The raw material pig for electric furnace melting cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the cast iron is gray cast iron or spheroidal graphite cast iron. 請求項1または2に記載の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑を製造する方法であって、高炉から抽出された溶銑中に、溶銑樋から鋳銑機前のタンディッシュまでの少なくともいずれか1ヶ所において、加硫材を添加することにより溶銑のS含有量を増加させることを特徴とする電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑の製造方法。It is a method of manufacturing raw iron for electric furnace molten cast iron according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one place from a hot metal gutter to a tundish before a cast iron machine in hot metal extracted from a blast furnace. A method for producing raw iron for electric furnace molten cast iron, characterized by increasing the S content of hot metal by adding a vulcanizing material. 前記加硫材を溶銑中に添加する手段が、不活性ガスにより前記加硫材を前記溶銑中に吹き込むものである請求項3に記載の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑の製造方法。The method for producing a raw iron pig for an electric furnace molten cast iron according to claim 3, wherein the means for adding the vulcanized material into the hot metal is to blow the vulcanized material into the hot metal with an inert gas. 前記加硫材を溶銑中に添加する手段が、前記溶銑が流下するところに前記加硫材を落とし込むものである請求項3に記載の電気炉溶解鋳鉄用原料銑の製造方法。The method for producing a raw material pig iron for electric furnace melting cast iron according to claim 3, wherein the means for adding the vulcanized material into the hot metal drops the vulcanized material where the hot metal flows down.
JP2003094806A 2003-03-31 2003-03-31 Raw material pig for cast iron by electric furnace dissolution, and production method therefor Pending JP2004300518A (en)

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