JP2004293248A

JP2004293248A - Retaining wall constructing block and insert

Info

Publication number: JP2004293248A
Application number: JP2003090306A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masanori Kanetani; 政宣金谷
Original assignee: Mitani Sekisan Co Ltd
Current assignee: Mitani Sekisan Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-03-28
Filing date: 2003-03-28
Publication date: 2004-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 2023-03-28
Also published as: JP3674865B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a retaining wall constructing block which can construct a block masonry retaining wall at a predetermined inclination without deviating rearward when piled up on another one, not only at the time of constructing a plane retaining wall but also at the time of constructing a curved one, and to provide an insert for use in the block. <P>SOLUTION: The retaining wall constructing block A is for use in constructing the block masonry retaining wall, and consists of a front wall 1 tilted rearward on an upper end side, and counterforts 3, 4 on the rear of the front wall 1 in a manner protruding almost perpendicularly to the same. The counterforts 3, 4 have engaging portions 31, (41) at their lower rear portions, and engagement accommodating portions 32, 42 at their upper front portions, respectively, and abutting faces 31a, (41a) of the engaging portions 31 (41) and abutting faces 32a, 42a of the engagement accommodating portions 32, 42 each have a curved cross section. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、擁壁構築用ブロック及び嵌挿材に関し、更に詳しくは、擁壁をカーブした状態に構築する場合でも所定の勾配でブロック積擁壁を構築することが可能な擁壁構築用ブロック及び嵌挿材に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
造成地や道路、河川等の法面には、法面の崩落や土砂崩れ、雨水による侵食等を防止するため擁壁が構築される。
擁壁の形式は、ブロック積（石積）擁壁、もたれ式擁壁、重力式擁壁等、種々のタイプに分類される。
中でも、ブロック積擁壁は、もたれ式擁壁等と比較して、型枠を必要とせず施工期間が短くて済むため、擁壁の構築法として多くの現場で採用されている。
【０００３】
ブロック積擁壁の構築に用いられる擁壁構築用ブロックとしては、多種多様の形状のものがある。
例えば、いわゆる箱型ブロックは、通常、前壁と後壁、及びこの前後の壁を連結する通常一対の控え壁を備えた構造をしており、安定的に積み上げることができる利点がある。
【０００４】
そして、箱型ブロックを用いた擁壁の構築においては、通常、法面の前方に形成された基礎上に最下段のブロックを固定し、その上に順次ブロックを積み上げながら、法面とブロックとの間に裏込材（コンクリート等）を充填打設させていき、同時にブロックの前壁と後壁との間に中込めコンクリートを打設して全体を構築する。
しかし、このままでは、擁壁が背後から土圧を受け、箱型ブロックが前方へずれて崩れてしまう可能性がある。
【０００５】
そこで、箱型ブロックの構造を改良して、上下のブロック同士がいわば噛み合う状態にして上段の箱型ブロックの前方へのずれを阻止し、土圧による擁壁の崩壊を極力防止しようとするタイプのものが、種々提案されている（例えば特許文献１〜３等参照）。
これらの箱型ブロックの基本的な思想は、例えば、ブロックの控え壁の上下端の構造を工夫して、下段のブロックに対して上段のブロックを係止するというものである。
【０００６】
図１３に、こうした箱型ブロックにおける一般的な形状の斜視図を示す（便宜上前壁の一部を切欠いて示した）。
この従来の箱型ブロックＢは、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁１と、前壁１に略平行な後壁２と、前壁１と後壁２とを連結する一対の控え壁３及び４（即ち右控え壁３及び左控え壁４）とよりなる。
【０００７】
この箱型ブロックＢでは、右控え壁３及び左控え壁４の下端後方にそれぞれ係止部３１及び４１が設けられ（尚、係止部４１は図示しない）、右控え壁３及び左控え壁４の上端前方には係受部３２及び４２が設けられている。
尚、右控え壁３及び左控え壁４にそれぞれ設けられた貫通孔５は、中込めコンクリートの連続性を保つための孔である。
【０００８】
図１４は、この箱型ブロックを平面状に千鳥積みにした状態の一部を拡大して示した図である（千鳥積みの外観は後述する図９参照）。
また、図１５は、図１４の状態に積み上げられた箱型ブロックのＸ−Ｘ線に沿う概略断面図である。
【０００９】
このように箱型ブロックを千鳥積みにすると、下段の箱型ブロックＢ１の左控え壁４の上方には、上段の箱型ブロックＢ２の右控え壁３が積み重ねられる。
そして、擁壁を形成する箱型ブロックＢ１及び箱型ブロックＢ２の前壁１が、上下方向（図１４参照）にも水平方向（図１５参照）にも面一になるように、整然と積み上げることができる。
【００１０】
その際、上記のように係止部や係受部が形成されていれば、上段箱型ブロックＢ２の右控え壁３の係止部３１が下段の箱型ブロックＢ１の左控え壁４の係受部４２後方の凹部に嵌まり込み、同時に、下段ブロックＢ１の係受部４２が上段ブロックＢ２の係止部３１前方の凹部に嵌まり込む。
そして、上段ブロックＢ１の係止部３１の当接面３１ａと、下段ブロックＢ２の係受部４２の当接面４２ａが当接する。
【００１１】
先述したように、箱型ブロックの後壁２の背後（図１４及び図１５では後壁２の更に右側）には法面があり（図示なし）、その法面と後壁２との間には図示しない裏込材が充填される。
そして、箱型ブロックＢ１や箱型ブロックＢ２は裏込材を介して法面から土圧を受ける。
【００１２】
しかし、上記のような構造に形成すれば、上段ブロックＢ２の係止部３１と、下段ブロックＢ１の係受部４２とが噛み合って固定されているため、上段の箱型ブロックＢ２が前方へずれるのを有効に阻止することができるのである。
因みに、図１５及び後述する図１６に示す前壁１と後壁２との間の空間Ｓには、先述したように中込めコンクリートが打設される。
【００１３】
しかしながら、こうした従来のタイプの箱型ブロックＢは、法面がカーブしている場合には、上記の係止部及び係受部の噛み合わせ構造が逆に障害となり、箱型ブロックを所定の位置に配置できないという欠点を有する。
図１６は、図１３の箱型ブロックをカーブした法面に沿わせて積み上げた状態を示す概略図である。
また、図１７は、参考のため、図１６の擁壁のＰ部分の概略拡大図を示した。
【００１４】
従来の箱型ブロックＢ（Ｂ１、Ｂ２）を、凸面状にカーブした法面に沿わせて積み上げると、図１６に示す擁壁のＰ部分では、下段の箱型ブロックＢ１の左控え壁４の上端に形成された係受部４２の当接面４２ａの一方の角部４２ｃが、上段の箱型ブロックＢ２の右控え壁３の下端に形成された係止部３１の当接面３１ａに当接するようになる。
【００１５】
すると、図１７に示すように、下段の箱型ブロックＢ１の左控え壁４の中心線Ｌと前壁１の前面との交点Ｑと、上段の箱型ブロックＢ２の右控え壁３の中心線Ｍと前壁１の前面との交点Ｒとが、距離ｄだけずれてしまう（「交点Ｑ」や「交点Ｒ」は実際には箱型ブロックの前壁１の前面に線状に表される）。
つまり、下段ブロックＢ１に対して上段ブロックＢ２を距離ｄだけ後方に積み上げざるを得ず、既に係止部３１と係受部４２とが当接しているので上段ブロックＢ２をこれ以上（距離ｄの分だけ）前方に引き出すことはできない。
【００１６】
更に、この上段ブロックの後方へのずれは、上記の上段ブロックＢ２の上に更に別の箱型ブロックを積み上げる際にも生じる。
即ち、図１８に示すような積み上げ概略図のように、こうした従来の箱型ブロックＢは、カーブした法面Ｗに対しては、ブロックを積み上げていくに従って順次上段のブロックが下段のブロックより距離ｄだけ後方にずれていき、法面Ｗの傾斜に合わせて決定した所定の勾配（図中の点線Ｎ参照）の擁壁を構築することができない。
【００１７】
このように、図１３に例示したような従来の箱型ブロックでは、カーブした法面に対する擁壁の構築には必ずしも的確に対応できず、ずれが生じて所定の勾配に設置できないことが多い。
尚、図中のＶは法面ＷとブロックＢとの間に打設したコンクリート等の裏込材を示す。
【００１８】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−３３６６７５号公報
【特許文献２】
特開２００２−１９４７５４号公報
【特許文献３】
特開２００３−２０６６１号公報
【００１９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、かかる実状を背景に、上記問題点を克服するためになされたものである。
すなわち、本発明の目的は、擁壁を平面状に構築する場合は勿論、カーブした状態に構築する場合でも、積み上げに際して後方にずれることなく、所定の勾配でブロック積擁壁を構築することが可能な擁壁構築用ブロック及び嵌挿材を提供することである。
【００２０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かくして、本発明者は、このような課題背景に対して、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、上記従来の擁壁構築用ブロックの控え壁の係止部及び係受部の構造を改良することにより、擁壁を平面状に構築する場合は勿論、カーブした状態に積み上げても所定の勾配で擁壁を構築できることを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成させたものである。
【００２１】
即ち、本発明は、（１）、ブロック積擁壁の構築に用いられる擁壁構築用ブロックであって、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁と、該前壁の後方に略垂直に突設された控え壁とを備え、該控え壁は、その下端後部に係止部を備え且つその上端前部に係受部を備え、該係止部及び該係受部の当接面が断面曲線状に形成されている擁壁構築用ブロックに存する。
【００２２】
そして、（２）、ブロック積擁壁の構築に用いられる擁壁構築用ブロックであって、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁と、該前壁の後方に略垂直に突設された控え壁とを備え、該控え壁は、その下端後部に係止部を備え且つその上端前部に係受部を備え、該係止部及び該係受部の当接面が断面多角形状に形成されている擁壁構築用ブロックに存する。
【００２３】
そしてまた、（３）、ブロック積擁壁の構築に用いられる擁壁構築用ブロックであって、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁と、該前壁に略平行に設けた後壁と、該前壁の後方に略垂直に突設され該前壁と該後壁とを連結する一対の控え壁とを備え、該控え壁は、各々その下端後部に係止部を備え且つその上端前部に係受部を備え、該係止部及び該係受部の当接面が断面曲線状に形成されている擁壁構築用ブロックに存する。
【００２４】
そしてまた、（４）、ブロック積擁壁の構築に用いられる擁壁構築用ブロックであって、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁と、該前壁に略平行に設けた後壁と、該前壁の後方に略垂直に突設され該前壁と該後壁とを連結する一対の控え壁とを備え、該控え壁は、各々その下端後部に係止部を備え且つその上端前部に係受部を備え、該係止部及び該係受部の当接面が断面多角形状に形成されている擁壁構築用ブロックに存する。
【００２５】
そしてまた、（５）、ブロック積擁壁の構築に用いられる擁壁構築用ブロックであって、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁と、該前壁に略平行に設けた後壁と、該前壁の後方に略垂直に突設され該前壁と該後壁とを連結する１つの控え壁とを備え、該控え壁は、その下端後部に係止部を備え且つその上端前部に係受部を備え、該係止部及び該係受部の当接面が断面曲線状に形成されている擁壁構築用ブロックに存する。
【００２６】
そしてまた、（６）、ブロック積擁壁の構築に用いられる擁壁構築用ブロックであって、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁と、該前壁に略平行に設けた後壁と、該前壁の後方に略垂直に突設され該前壁と該後壁とを連結する１つの控え壁とを備え、該控え壁は、その下端後部に係止部を備え且つその上端前部に係受部を備え、該係止部及び該係受部の当接面が断面多角形状に形成されている擁壁構築用ブロックに存する。
【００２７】
そしてまた、（７）、控え壁が、その下端中央部に係止部を備え且つその上端の前部及び後部に係受部を備える擁壁構築用ブロックに存する。
【００２８】
そしてまた、（８）、控え壁が、その上端中央部に係止部を備え且つその下端の前部及び後部に係受部を備える擁壁構築用ブロックに存する。
【００２９】
そしてまた、（９）、上記（１）〜（６）のいずれか１項記載の擁壁構築用ブロックの係止部及び係受部の当接面の間に嵌挿させるための嵌挿材に存する。
【００３０】
本発明はこの目的に沿ったものであれば、上記１〜９の中から選ばれた２つ以上を組み合わせた構成も当然採用可能である。
【００３１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックについて、好適な実施の形態を挙げて説明する。
本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックは、少なくとも上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁と、該前壁の後方に略垂直に突設された控え壁とを備える。
そして、控え壁の下端に係止部を備え、且つ上端に係受部を備えるが、この係止部及び係受部の当接面が、断面曲線状又は断面多角形状に形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００３２】
〔第１の実施の形態〕
図１は、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第１の実施の形態を示す斜視図である（便宜上前壁の一部を切欠いて示した）。
擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁１と、該前壁１の後方に略垂直に突設された一対の控え壁、即ち右控え壁３及び左控え壁４とを備える。
【００３３】
本実施形態では、更に、前壁１の後方に略平行に設けた後壁２が設けられており、擁壁構築用ブロックＡが箱型ブロックである場合を示している。
尚、右控え壁３及び左控え壁４にそれぞれ設けられた貫通孔５は、先述した従来例と同様に、中込めコンクリートの連続性を保つための孔である。
【００３４】
擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、右控え壁３及び左控え壁４のそれぞれ下端後部に、係止部３１及び係止部４１（係止部４１は図示省略）を備え、且つ右控え壁３及び左控え壁４の上端前部に、係受部３２及び係受部４２を備える。
そして更に、係止部３１、係止部４１、係受部３２、及び係受部４２の当接面３１ａ、当接面４１ａ（図示省略）、当接面３２ａ、及び当接面４２ａがそれぞれ断面曲線状（この場合は特に円筒面状）に形成されている。
【００３５】
さて、本発明によれば、係止部及び係受部の各当接面が断面曲線状に形成されているため、先述した従来例（箱型ブロックＢ）のように、カーブした法面に沿うように擁壁を構築する際、ブロックを積み上げていくに従って順次上段のブロックが下段のブロックより後方にずれていくという事態を回避できる。
従って、法面の傾斜に合わせて決定した所定の勾配通りの擁壁を構築することが可能となる。
【００３６】
以下、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックＡにこの特有の機能について説明する。
先ず、図１の擁壁構築用ブロックＡを平面状に千鳥積みにした状態を、図２に概略断面図にて示す。
尚、図２は、上記従来例の図１５に対応するものであり、擁壁構築用ブロックＡを図１４のように平面状に積み上げた際のＸ−Ｘ線に沿う断面である。
【００３７】
擁壁構築用ブロックＡ１の上に擁壁構築用ブロックＡ２を積み上げると、下段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ１の左控え壁４の上方に、上段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ２の右控え壁３が積み重ねられる。
そして、上段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ２の右控え壁３の係止部３１が、下段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ１の左控え壁４の係受部４２後方の凹部に嵌まり込む。
【００３８】
また同時に、下段ブロックＡ１の係受部４２が上段ブロックＡ２の係止部３１前方の凹部に嵌まり込んで、上段ブロックＡ１の係止部３１の断面曲線状の当接面３１ａと下段ブロックＡ２の係受部４２の断面曲線状の当接面４２ａが当接する。
このように、平面状に積み上げる場合には、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、背後の法面から土圧を受けても、係止部と係受部とが効果的に噛み合うため、上段のブロックＡ２が前方へずれるのを有効に阻止することができるのである。
ここまでは、先述した従来例の場合（図１５参照）とほとんど変わりない。
【００３９】
さて、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、カーブした法面に沿わせてカーブした状態に積み上げて擁壁を構築する際に、従来例にない優れた作用効果を発揮する。
図３は、図１の擁壁構築用ブロックをカーブした法面に沿わせて積み上げた状態を示す概略図である。
【００４０】
擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、先述したように、係止部及び係受部の各当接面（３１ａ、４１ａ、３２ａ、及び４２ａ）を断面曲線状に形成している。
より具体的に言えば、図３に示した擁壁構築用ブロックＡの第１の実施の形態では、当接面３１ａ等は、右控え壁３等の厚さｋを直径とする断面円弧状に形成されている。
【００４１】
このように形成すると、下段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ１の左控え壁４の中心線Ｌと前壁１の前面との交点Ｑと、上段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ２の右控え壁３の中心線Ｍと前壁１の前面との交点Ｒとを、一致させることができる。
そのため、図４に示すように、法面Ｗの傾斜に合わせて決定した所定の勾配（図中の点線Ｎ参照）通りに擁壁を構築することが可能となり、先述した従来例のように、ブロックの積み上げの際に順次上段のブロックが下段のブロックより距離ｄだけ後方にずれていくという事態を回避することができる。
【００４２】
ところで、第１の実施形態では、図３に示したように、交点Ｑと交点Ｒを一致させるようにブロックを積むと、下段ブロックＡ１の係受部４２の断面曲線状の当接面４２ａと、上段ブロックＡ２の係止部３１の断面曲線状の当接面３１ａとが離間する。
しかし、前壁１と後壁２との間の空間Ｓに中込めコンクリートを打設すれば、２つの当接面３１ａ及び当接面４２ａの間隙にコンクリートが入り込んで固化するため、隣接する空間Ｓ１及び空間Ｓ２のコンクリートが連結し合って擁壁の強度が増す。
【００４３】
また、上段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ２が、背後の法面から土圧を受けても、当接面３１ａ及び当接面４２ａの間隙に入り込んで固化したコンクリートを介して、下段ブロックＡ１の係受部４２が上段ブロックの係止部３１の前方への移動を阻止する。
そのため、上段ブロックＡ２の前方へのずれを確実に防止することができるのである。
【００４４】
〔第２の実施の形態〕
しかし、場合によっては、カーブした法面に沿って擁壁を形成する際にも、上記のような係止部と係受部の当接面間が離間しないようにする必要がある場合もある。
そうした場合には、例えば、図５に一部断面図にて示すように、擁壁構築用ブロックＡの左控え壁４の係受部４２の当接面４２ａや他の係止部或いは係受部の当接面を、交点Ｑ等を中心とする断面円弧状に形成すればよい。
【００４５】
そうすれば、カーブした状態に擁壁を構築する際に係止部と係受部との位置関係が図３に示した状態になっても、当接面同士を当接させるようにすることができる。
因みに、このように形成しても、平面状に擁壁を構築する際に（図２の場合）、係止部と係受部の当接面同士が互いに当接するようにできることは言うまでもない。
【００４６】
〔第３の実施の形態〕
第１及び第２の実施の形態のように、係止部や係受部の当接面を断面曲線状に形成するのに代えて、当接面を断面多角形状に（即ち多角柱の側面状に）形成することも可能である。
図６は、このように形成した本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第３の実施の形態を示す図であり、（Ａ）は斜視図、（Ｂ）は平面状に千鳥積みにした状態の断面図である〔但し（Ａ）では便宜上前壁の一部を切欠いて示した〕。
【００４７】
擁壁構築用ブロックＡをこのように形成しても、上記第１の実施の形態と同様の機能を発揮し得る。
即ち、擁壁構築用ブロックＡを平面状に千鳥積みにすると〔図６（Ｂ）参照〕、下段ブロックＡ１の係受部４２の当接面４２ａと上段ブロックＡ２の係止部３１の当接面３１ａとが当接して噛み合い、背後の法面から土圧を受けても、上段ブロックＡ２の前方へのずれを効果的に阻止することができる。
【００４８】
また、カーブした法面に沿わせてカーブした状態に擁壁を構築する際には、交点Ｑ及び交点Ｒが一致するように積み上げることができ、ブロックの積み上げに際して上段のブロックが下段のブロックより順次後方にずれていくという事態を回避することができる。
そのため、図４に示したのと同様に、法面Ｗの傾斜に合わせて決定した所定の勾配通りに擁壁を構築することが可能となる。
【００４９】
また、この第３の実施の形態においても、擁壁構築用ブロックＡをカーブした状態にブロックを積み上げると、図３に示したのと同様に、下段ブロックＡ１の係受部４２の当接面４２ａと上段ブロックＡ２の係止部３１の当接面３１ａとが離間する。
しかし、前壁１と後壁２との間の空間Ｓに中込めコンクリートを打設すれば、２つの当接面３１ａ及び当接面４２ａの間隙にコンクリートが入り込んで固化し、隣接する中込めコンクリート同士が連結し合って擁壁の強度が増すのである。
【００５０】
〔第４の実施の形態〕
一方、上記のように係止部と係受部を直接当接させるのではなく、係止部と係受部を積極的に離間するように形成しておいて、その係止部と係受部の当接面間に嵌挿材を嵌挿させることで間隙を埋めることも可能である。
図７は、擁壁構築用ブロックの係止部及び係受部の間に嵌挿材を嵌挿させた状態を示す図であり、（Ａ）は一部平面断面図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＹ−Ｙ線に沿う縦面断面図である。
【００５１】
このように形成すれば、下段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ１の左控え壁４が嵌挿材Ｃの底面に当接し、左控え壁４の係受部４２の当接面４２ａが嵌挿材Ｃの側面に当接する。
また、上段の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ２の右控え壁３が嵌挿材Ｃの上面に当接し、右控え壁３の係止部３１の当接面３１ａが嵌挿材Ｃの側面に当接する。
【００５２】
このようにして、係止部３１の当接面３１ａと係受部４２の当接面４２ａとの間隙を埋めることができ、係止部３１と係受部４２とが嵌挿材Ｃを介して噛み合う状態とすることができる。
図６においては、擁壁を平面状に形成する場合を示したが、カーブした状態に形成する場合にも適用可能であることは言うまでもない。
また、嵌挿材Ｃは、図６のように円柱体であれば向き等に拘束されず控え壁上に載置できるため好ましいが、他にも、例えば、直方体等の多角柱体や特殊な形状のものでもよく、要は、係止部３１と係受部４２とがこの嵌挿材Ｃを介して噛み合う状態となるものであれば採用可能である。
【００５３】
〔第５の実施の形態〕
さて、以上の実施の形態においては、擁壁構築用ブロックが前壁、後壁、及び左右の控え壁を備えた、いわゆる箱型ブロックの場合を示したが、本発明は他の形状のブロックにも適用できる。
図８は、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第５の実施の形態を示す斜視図である（便宜上前壁の一部を切欠いて示した）。
【００５４】
本実施形態における擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、上端側が後退するように傾斜した前壁１と、前壁１の後方に略垂直に突設された１つの控え壁３とを備え、更にその後方に後壁２を設けた、いわゆるＨ型ブロックである（Ｉ型ブロックともいう）。
また、この擁壁構築用ブロックＡでは、控え壁３の下端後部の係止部３１の当接面３１ａ、及び控え壁３の上端前部の係受部３２の当接面３２ａが、それぞれ断面曲線状に形成されている場合を示している。
【００５５】
この擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、例えば、図９に示すように、第１の実施の形態擁壁構築用ブロックＡ１、Ａ２とともに千鳥積みに積み上げて擁壁を構築することができる。
また、この第５の実施の形態の擁壁構築用ブロックＡ（図８参照）のみを積み重ねて格子状の擁壁を構築することも可能である。
【００５６】
この第５の実施の形態の擁壁構築用ブロックＡも、上記の他の実施の形態と同様の機能を発揮する。
図１０は、図８の擁壁構築用ブロックを積み上げた状態を示す断面図であり、（Ａ）は平面的に積み上げた場合、（Ｂ）は下段ブロックに対して上段ブロックをずらして積み上げた場合を示す。
【００５７】
擁壁構築用ブロックＡを平面的に積み上げると〔図１０（Ａ）参照〕、下段ブロックＡ３の係受部３２の当接面３２ａと上段ブロックＡ４の係止部３１の当接面３１ａとが当接して噛み合うため、背後の法面から土圧を受けても、上段ブロックＡ４の前方へのずれを効果的に阻止することができる。
【００５８】
また、下段ブロックＡ３に対して上段ブロックＡ４をずらして積み上げた場合には〔図１０（Ｂ）参照〕、交点Ｑ及び交点Ｒが一致するように積み上げることができる。
そのため、ブロックの積み上げに際して上段のブロックが下段のブロックより順次後方にずれていくという事態を回避することができ、図４に示したのと同様に、法面Ｗの傾斜に合わせて決定した所定の勾配通りに擁壁を構築することが可能となる。
【００５９】
その際、下段ブロックＡ３の係受部３２の当接面３２ａと、上段ブロックＡ４の係止部３１の当接面３１ａとが離間する場合がある。
そうした場合には、前壁１の後方に中込めコンクリートを打設することにより、２つの当接面３１ａ及び当接面３２ａの間隙にコンクリートが入り込んで固化し、隣接する中込めコンクリート同士が連結し合って擁壁の強度が増すのである。
【００６０】
尚、煩雑を避けるために記載及び図示を省略するが、第５の実施の形態においても、第２乃至第４の実施の形態と同様に構成することも可能であることは言うまでもない。
【００６１】
〔第６の実施の形態〕
これまでの実施の形態は、いずれも１つ又は一対の控え壁の下端後部に係止部を備え、且つその上端前部に係受部を備えるものであった。
しかし、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックは、係止部や係受部の形成のしかたを多少変えて、１つ又は一対の控え壁の下端中央部に係止部を備え、且つその上端の前部及び後部に係受部を備えるように形成することも可能である。
【００６２】
図１１は、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第６の実施の形態を示す斜視図である（便宜上前壁の一部を切欠いて示した）。
この擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、右控え壁３及び左控え壁４のそれぞれ下端中央部に、係止部３１及び係止部４１（係止部４１は図示省略）を備える。
【００６３】
また、右控え壁３及び左控え壁４の上端の前部及び後部に、係受部３２及び係受部４２を備える。
そして更に、係止部３１の前側の当接面３１ａ及び後側の当接面３１ｂ、係止部４１の前側の当接面４１ａ及び後側の当接面４１ｂ（図示省略）、係受部３２の前側の当接面３２ａ及び後側の当接面３２ｂ、及び、係受部４２の前側の当接面４２ａ及び後側の当接面４２ｂが、それぞれ断面曲線状に形成されている。
【００６４】
このように形成すると、擁壁構築用ブロックＡを図２に示したように平面状に千鳥積みにした場合、上段ブロックの係止部３１が、下段ブロックの前後の係受部４２の間に嵌まり込み、下段ブロックに対して上段ブロックが前方へずれるのが有効に阻止される。
また、擁壁構築用ブロックＡをカーブした状態に積み上げることも可能である。
【００６５】
即ち、上記のように各当接面３１ａ、３１ｂ、４２ａ、及び４２ｂが断面曲線状に形成されているために、下段ブロックの前後の係受部４２と上段ブロックの係止部３１とが互いに邪魔することなく、図３に示したように下段ブロックの交点Ｑと上段ブロックの交点Ｒとを一致させた状態に積み上げることができる。
そのため、この第６の実施の形態においても、擁壁構築用ブロックＡを、図４に示すように法面Ｗの傾斜に合わせて決定した所定の勾配（図中の点線Ｎ参照）通りに擁壁を構築することが可能となる。
【００６６】
尚、本実施の形態においては、その他にも、上記の実施の形態と同様の機能を発揮し得ることは言うまでもない。
また、係止部及び係受部の各当接面を、断面曲線状ではなく断面多角形状に形成することが可能であることは、上記の他の実施の形態の説明から明らかであり、煩雑さを避けるため説明を省略する。
【００６７】
また、第６の実施の形態は、図１２に示すように、図１１に示す擁壁構築用ブロックＡとは係止部３１及び係受部３２〔係止部４１と係受部４２（係受部４２は便宜上図示省略）〕の上下を逆にして形成することも可能である。
即ち、擁壁構築用ブロックＡは、右控え壁３及び左控え壁４の上端中央部に、係止部３１及び係止部４１を備え、且つ右控え壁３及び左控え壁４の下端の前部及び後部に係受部３２及び係受部４２（係受部４２は図示省略）を備える。
【００６８】
更に、係止部３１の前側の当接面３１ａ及び後側の当接面３１ｂ、係止部４１の前側の当接面４１ａ及び後側の当接面４１ｂ（図示省略）、係受部３２の前側の当接面３２ａ及び後側の当接面３２ｂ、及び、係受部４２の前側の当接面４２ａ及び後側の当接面４２ｂが、それぞれ断面曲線状又は断面多角形状に形成されている。
このように形成しても、上記の各実施の形態における説明が成立することは言うまでもない。
【００６９】
以上、本発明を説明してきたが、本発明は実施形態にのみ限定されるものではなく、その本質を逸脱しない範囲で、他の種々の変形例が可能であることは言うまでもない。
例えば、本発明では、擁壁構築用ブロックや箱型ブロックを主に千鳥積みにする場合を示したが、当然上下方向にそのまま積み上げることも可能である。
【００７０】
また、擁壁の構築の際、擁壁構築用ブロックの前壁と後壁の間の空間に中込めコンクリートを打設する代わりに、一部又は全部を栗石や土砂で充填し、擁壁面を植栽の基盤とすることも可能である。
更に、本発明は、上記の実施の形態で示した箱型やＨ型（Ｉ型）の擁壁構築用ブロック以外にも、いわゆるＴ型、Ｌ形、π形等の種々の形状の擁壁構築用ブロックに適用可能であることは言うまでもない。
【００７１】
【発明の効果】
本発明の擁壁構築用ブロック及び嵌挿材によれば、ブロックを平面状に積み上げて擁壁を構築する場合は勿論、カーブした状態に構築する場合でも、積み上げに際して後方にずれることなく所定の勾配でブロック積擁壁を構築することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第１の実施の形態を示す斜視図である。
【図２】図２は、図１の擁壁構築用ブロックを平面状に千鳥積みにした状態を示す概略断面図である。
【図３】図３は、図１の擁壁構築用ブロックをカーブした法面に沿わせて積み上げた状態を示す概略図である。
【図４】図４は、図１の擁壁構築用ブロックを所定の勾配通りに積み上げて擁壁を構築した状態を説明する概略図である。
【図５】図５は、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第２の実施の形態を示す一部断面図である。
【図６】図６は、このように形成した本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第３の実施の形態を示す図であり、（Ａ）は斜視図、（Ｂ）は平面状に千鳥積みにした状態の断面図である。
【図７】図７は、擁壁構築用ブロックの係止部及び係受部の間に嵌挿材を嵌挿させた状態を示す図であり、（Ａ）は一部平面断面図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＹ−Ｙ線に沿う縦面断面図である。
【図８】図８は、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第６の実施の形態を示す斜視図である。
【図９】図９は、第１及び第６の実施の形態の擁壁構築用ブロックを組み合わせて千鳥積みにして擁壁を構築した状態を示す斜視図である。
【図１０】図１０は、図８の擁壁構築用ブロックを積み上げた状態を示す断面図であり、（Ａ）は平面的に積み上げた場合、（Ｂ）は下段ブロックに対して上段ブロックをずらして積み上げた場合を示す。
【図１１】図１１は、本発明の擁壁構築用ブロックの第６の実施の形態を示す斜視図である。
【図１２】図１２は、図１１の擁壁構築用ブロックの係止部と係受部の上下を逆にして形成した状態を示す斜視図である。
【図１３】図１３に、従来の箱型ブロックにおける一般的な形状の斜視図を示す。
【図１４】図１４は、図１３の箱型ブロックを千鳥積みにした状態の一部を拡大して示した図である。
【図１５】図１５は、図１４の状態に積み上げられた箱型ブロックのＸ−Ｘ線に沿う概略断面図である。
【図１６】図１６は、図１３の箱型ブロックをカーブした法面に沿わせて積み上げた状態を示す概略図である。
【図１７】図１７は、図１６の擁壁のＰ部分の概略拡大図である。
【図１８】図１８は、従来の箱型ブロックが後方へずれながら積み上げられた状態を説明する概略図である。
【符号の説明】
Ａ、Ａ１〜Ａ４…本発明の擁壁構築用ブロック
Ｂ、Ｂ１、Ｂ２…従来の箱型ブロック
Ｃ…嵌挿材
ｄ…距離
ｋ…右控え壁の厚さ
Ｌ、Ｍ…中心線
Ｎ…所定の勾配
Ｑ、Ｒ…交点
Ｓ…空間
Ｖ…裏込材
Ｗ…法面
１…前壁
２…後壁
３…（右）控え壁
３１…係止部
３１ａ、３１ｂ…当接面
３２…係受部
３２ａ、３２ｂ…当接面
４…左控え壁
４１…係止部
４１ａ、４１ｂ…当接面
４２…係受部
４２ａ、４２ｂ…当接面
４２ｃ…角部
５…貫通孔[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a retaining wall construction block and a fitting material, and more particularly, to a retaining wall construction block capable of constructing a block retaining wall at a predetermined gradient even when the retaining wall is constructed in a curved state. And inserts.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Retaining walls will be constructed on slopes such as lands, roads, rivers, etc. to prevent landslides, landslides, and erosion by rainwater.
The types of retaining walls are classified into various types, such as block-type (stone) retaining walls, leaning retaining walls, and gravity retaining walls.
Above all, block retaining walls are used at many sites as a method of constructing retaining walls, since they do not require a formwork and require a shorter construction period than leaning retaining walls and the like.
[0003]
There are various types of retaining wall construction blocks used for constructing the block retaining wall.
For example, a so-called box-shaped block usually has a structure including a front wall and a rear wall, and a pair of abutment walls connecting the front and rear walls, and has an advantage that it can be stably stacked.
[0004]
And, in the construction of the retaining wall using a box-shaped block, usually, the lowermost block is fixed on a foundation formed in front of the slope, and while the blocks are sequentially stacked thereon, the slope and the block are A backing material (concrete or the like) is filled and cast between the blocks, and at the same time, an infill concrete is cast between the front wall and the rear wall of the block to construct the whole.
However, in this state, the retaining wall may be subjected to earth pressure from behind, and the box-shaped block may shift forward and collapse.
[0005]
Therefore, the type of box-type block is improved so that the upper and lower blocks are in mesh with each other so as to prevent the upper box-shaped block from shifting forward, and to minimize the collapse of the retaining wall due to earth pressure. Are proposed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
The basic idea of these box-shaped blocks is, for example, that the upper and lower ends of the retaining wall of the block are devised so that the upper block is locked to the lower block.
[0006]
FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of a general shape of such a box-shaped block (a part of a front wall is cut away for convenience).
This conventional box-shaped block B includes a front wall 1 inclined such that an upper end side is retracted, a rear wall 2 substantially parallel to the front wall 1, and a pair of buttress walls 3 connecting the front wall 1 and the rear wall 2. And 4 (i.e., right butting wall 3 and left butting wall 4).
[0007]
In the box-shaped block B, locking portions 31 and 41 are provided behind the lower ends of the right retaining wall 3 and the left retaining wall 4 (the retaining portion 41 is not shown), and the right retaining wall 3 and the left retaining wall 4 are provided. In the front of the upper end of 4, the engaging portions 32 and 42 are provided.
In addition, the through holes 5 provided in the right retaining wall 3 and the left retaining wall 4, respectively, are holes for maintaining the continuity of the infill concrete.
[0008]
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view showing a part of a state where the box-shaped blocks are staggered in a plane (see the appearance of the staggered stack described later with reference to FIG. 9).
FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view taken along line XX of the box-shaped blocks stacked in the state of FIG.
[0009]
When the box-shaped blocks are staggered in this way, the right staying wall 3 of the upper box-shaped block B2 is stacked above the left staying wall 4 of the lower box-shaped block B1.
Then, the box-shaped blocks B1 and B2 forming the retaining wall are stacked neatly so that the front walls 1 of the box-shaped blocks B2 and B2 are flush with each other both vertically (see FIG. 14) and horizontally (see FIG. 15). Can be.
[0010]
At this time, if the locking portion and the engaging portion are formed as described above, the locking portion 31 of the right retaining wall 3 of the upper box-shaped block B2 is engaged with the left retaining wall 4 of the lower box-shaped block B1. The engaging portion 42 of the lower block B1 is fitted into the concave portion in front of the locking portion 31 of the upper block B2.
Then, the contact surface 31a of the locking portion 31 of the upper block B1 and the contact surface 42a of the engaging portion 42 of the lower block B2 contact.
[0011]
As described above, there is a slope (not shown) behind the rear wall 2 of the box-shaped block (further right side of the rear wall 2 in FIGS. 14 and 15), and between the slope and the rear wall 2. Is filled with a backing material (not shown).
Then, the box-shaped block B1 and the box-shaped block B2 receive earth pressure from the slope through the backing material.
[0012]
However, with the above-described structure, the locking portion 31 of the upper block B2 and the engaging portion 42 of the lower block B1 are engaged and fixed, so that the upper box-shaped block B2 is shifted forward. Can be effectively prevented.
Incidentally, in the space S between the front wall 1 and the rear wall 2 shown in FIG. 15 and FIG.
[0013]
However, in the case of such a conventional box-shaped block B, when the slope is curved, the above-described engaging structure of the locking portion and the engaging portion becomes an obstacle, and the box-shaped block is moved to a predetermined position. Has the drawback that it cannot be placed in
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a state where the box-shaped blocks of FIG. 13 are stacked along a curved slope.
FIG. 17 is a schematic enlarged view of a P portion of the retaining wall in FIG. 16 for reference.
[0014]
When the conventional box-shaped blocks B (B1, B2) are stacked along the convexly curved slope, at the P portion of the retaining wall shown in FIG. 16, the left retaining wall 4 of the lower box-shaped block B1 is formed. One corner 42c of the contact surface 42a of the engaging portion 42 formed at the upper end abuts on the contact surface 31a of the locking portion 31 formed at the lower end of the right retaining wall 3 of the upper box-shaped block B2. Be in touch.
[0015]
Then, as shown in FIG. 17, the intersection Q between the center line L of the left butting wall 4 of the lower box-shaped block B1 and the front surface of the front wall 1 and the center line of the right butting wall 3 of the upper box-shaped block B2. The intersection R between M and the front surface of the front wall 1 is shifted by a distance d ("intersection point Q" and "intersection point R" are actually represented linearly on the front surface of the front wall 1 of the box-shaped block. ).
That is, the upper block B2 must be stacked backward by the distance d with respect to the lower block B1, and since the locking portion 31 and the engaging portion 42 are already in contact with each other, the upper block B2 can be moved any further (the distance d). You can't pull it forward.
[0016]
Further, the rearward displacement of the upper block also occurs when another box-shaped block is stacked on the upper block B2.
That is, as shown in a schematic stacking diagram as shown in FIG. 18, such a conventional box-shaped block B is such that, as the blocks are stacked, the upper block is successively longer than the lower block as the blocks are stacked. It shifts backward by d, and it is not possible to construct a retaining wall having a predetermined slope (see the dotted line N in the figure) determined according to the slope of the slope W.
[0017]
As described above, in the conventional box-shaped block illustrated in FIG. 13, it is not always possible to accurately cope with the construction of the retaining wall with respect to the curved slope, and the block is often displaced and cannot be installed at a predetermined slope.
V in the figure indicates a backing material such as concrete cast between the slope W and the block B.
[0018]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-336675 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2002-194754
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2003-20661 A
[0019]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to overcome the above problems in view of such a situation.
That is, an object of the present invention is to construct a block retaining wall at a predetermined gradient without shifting backward when stacking, even when constructing a curved wall, as well as when constructing a retaining wall in a planar shape. It is to provide a possible retaining wall building block and insert.
[0020]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Thus, the present inventor has conducted intensive studies on such a background of the problem, and as a result, by improving the structure of the locking portion and the receiving portion of the retaining wall of the conventional retaining wall building block, The present inventors have found that the retaining wall can be constructed at a predetermined gradient even when the retaining wall is constructed in a planar shape, or even when the retaining wall is stacked in a curved state, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.
[0021]
That is, the present invention relates to (1) a retaining wall construction block used for constructing a block-retaining wall, the front wall being inclined so that an upper end side is retreated, and projecting substantially perpendicularly behind the front wall. Provided with a retaining wall, the retaining wall having a locking portion at a lower rear end thereof, and a receiving portion at a front upper end thereof, and a contact surface of the locking portion and the receiving portion is formed in a cross section. It is in a retaining wall construction block formed in a curved shape.
[0022]
And (2) a retaining wall construction block used for constructing the block-retaining wall, the front wall being inclined so that the upper end side retreats, and a stay protruding substantially vertically behind the front wall. A wall having a locking portion at a lower rear portion thereof and a receiving portion at an upper front portion thereof, and a contact surface of the locking portion and the receiving portion is formed in a polygonal cross section. Existing in the retaining wall construction block.
[0023]
And (3) a retaining wall construction block used for constructing the block-retaining wall, the front wall being inclined so that an upper end side is retreated, and a rear wall provided substantially parallel to the front wall. A pair of buttresses projecting substantially vertically behind the front wall and connecting the front wall and the rear wall are provided, each of which has a locking portion at a lower rear end thereof and an upper front portion thereof. The retaining wall construction block includes a receiving portion, and the engaging portion and the abutment surface of the receiving portion are formed in a curved cross section.
[0024]
And (4) a retaining wall construction block used for constructing the block-retaining wall, the front wall being inclined so that an upper end side is retreated, and a rear wall provided substantially parallel to the front wall; A pair of buttresses projecting substantially vertically behind the front wall and connecting the front wall and the rear wall are provided, each of which has a locking portion at a lower rear end thereof and an upper front portion thereof. A retaining wall construction block is provided with a receiving portion in the portion, and a contact surface of the engaging portion and the receiving portion is formed in a polygonal cross section.
[0025]
And (5) a retaining wall construction block used for constructing the block-retaining wall, the front wall being inclined so that an upper end side is retreated, and a rear wall provided substantially parallel to the front wall. A rear wall protruding substantially vertically behind the front wall and connecting the front wall and the rear wall, the front wall having a locking portion at a lower rear end thereof and a front upper end thereof; And a retaining wall construction block in which a contact surface of the engaging portion and the receiving portion is formed in a curved cross section.
[0026]
And (6) a retaining wall construction block used for constructing the block retaining wall, wherein the front wall is inclined so that the upper end side is retreated, and the rear wall is provided substantially parallel to the front wall. A rear wall protruding substantially vertically behind the front wall and connecting the front wall and the rear wall, the front wall having a locking portion at a lower rear end thereof and a front upper end thereof; And a contact wall of the retaining portion and the retaining portion having a polygonal cross section.
[0027]
Further, (7) the retaining wall is provided in a retaining wall construction block including a locking portion at a lower center portion thereof and a receiving portion at a front portion and a rear portion at an upper end thereof.
[0028]
Further, (8) the retaining wall is provided in a retaining wall construction block including a locking portion at a central portion of an upper end thereof and a receiving portion at a front portion and a rear portion of a lower end thereof.
[0029]
Also, (9) an insertion material for being inserted between the engaging portion of the retaining wall construction block and the abutment surface of the engaging portion according to any one of (1) to (6). Exists.
[0030]
As long as the present invention meets this purpose, a configuration combining two or more selected from the above 1 to 9 can be naturally employed.
[0031]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a retaining wall construction block according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A retaining wall construction block according to the present invention includes a front wall that is inclined so that at least an upper end thereof is retracted, and a retaining wall that is provided substantially vertically behind the front wall.
The retaining wall is provided with a locking portion at the lower end and a receiving portion is provided at the upper end, and the contact surfaces of the locking portion and the receiving portion are formed in a curved cross section or a polygonal cross section. It is characterized by.
[0032]
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a retaining wall construction block according to the present invention (a part of a front wall is cut away for convenience).
The retaining wall construction block A includes a front wall 1 inclined so that an upper end side thereof retreats, and a pair of retaining walls projecting substantially vertically behind the front wall 1, that is, a right retaining wall 3 and a left retaining wall 4. And
[0033]
In the present embodiment, a rear wall 2 provided substantially parallel behind the front wall 1 is further provided, and the case A in which the retaining wall construction block A is a box-shaped block is shown.
The through holes 5 provided in the right and left retaining walls 3 and 4 are holes for maintaining the continuity of the infill concrete, as in the above-described conventional example.
[0034]
The retaining wall construction block A is provided with a locking portion 31 and a locking portion 41 (the locking portion 41 is not shown) at the rear lower ends of the right retaining wall 3 and the left retaining wall 4, respectively. A receiving portion 32 and a receiving portion 42 are provided on the upper front portion of the left retaining wall 4.
Further, the contact surfaces 31a, 41a (not shown), the contact surfaces 32a, and the contact surfaces 42a of the engagement portions 31, the engagement portions 41, the engagement portions 32, and the engagement portions 42 are respectively formed. The cross section is formed in a curved shape (in this case, particularly, a cylindrical surface shape).
[0035]
Now, according to the present invention, since the respective contact surfaces of the locking portion and the engaging portion are formed in a curved cross section, the curved slope is formed as in the above-described conventional example (box-shaped block B). When constructing the retaining wall along the block, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the upper block sequentially shifts rearward from the lower block as the blocks are stacked.
Therefore, it is possible to construct a retaining wall according to a predetermined slope determined according to the slope of the slope.
[0036]
Hereinafter, the specific function of the retaining wall construction block A of the present invention will be described.
First, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the retaining wall building blocks A of FIG. 1 are staggered in a plane.
FIG. 2 corresponds to FIG. 15 of the above-mentioned conventional example, and is a cross-section along the line XX when the retaining wall building blocks A are stacked in a plane as shown in FIG.
[0037]
When the retaining wall construction block A2 is stacked on the retaining wall construction block A1, the right retaining wall 3 of the upper retaining wall construction block A2 is located above the left retaining wall 4 of the lower retaining wall construction block A1. Stacked.
Then, the locking portion 31 of the right retaining wall 3 of the upper retaining wall building block A2 fits into the recess behind the receiving portion 42 of the left retaining wall 4 of the lower retaining wall building block A1.
[0038]
At the same time, the engaging portion 42 of the lower block A1 fits into the concave portion in front of the locking portion 31 of the upper block A2, and the abutting surface 31a of the locking portion 31 of the upper block A1 having a curved cross section and the lower block A2. The contact surface 42a having a curved cross section of the receiving portion 42 is in contact.
As described above, when stacked in a planar shape, the retaining wall construction block A of the present invention allows the locking portion and the engaging portion to effectively engage even when receiving earth pressure from the rear slope, It is possible to effectively prevent the upper block A2 from shifting forward.
Up to this point, there is almost no difference from the case of the above-described conventional example (see FIG. 15).
[0039]
Now, the retaining wall construction block A of the present invention exerts an unprecedented superior operational effect when constructing a retaining wall by stacking in a curved state along a curved slope.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which the retaining wall building blocks of FIG. 1 are stacked along a curved slope.
[0040]
As described above, the retaining wall construction block A has the abutting surfaces (31a, 41a, 32a, and 42a) of the locking portion and the engaging portion formed in a curved cross section.
More specifically, in the first embodiment of the retaining wall building block A shown in FIG. 3, the contact surface 31a and the like have an arc-shaped cross section whose diameter is the thickness k of the right retaining wall 3 and the like. Is formed.
[0041]
When formed in this manner, the intersection Q between the center line L of the left retaining wall 4 of the lower retaining wall construction block A1 and the front surface of the front wall 1 and the center of the right retaining wall 3 of the upper retaining wall construction block A2. The intersection R between the line M and the front surface of the front wall 1 can be matched.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to construct the retaining wall according to a predetermined gradient (see the dotted line N in the figure) determined according to the inclination of the slope W. As in the conventional example described above, When the blocks are stacked, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the upper block sequentially shifts backward by the distance d from the lower block.
[0042]
By the way, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, when the blocks are stacked so that the intersection point Q and the intersection point R are coincident with each other, the contact surface 42a having a curved cross section of the receiving portion 42 of the lower block A1 is formed. , The abutment surface 31a having a curved cross section of the locking portion 31 of the upper block A2 is separated.
However, if the concrete is poured into the space S between the front wall 1 and the rear wall 2, the concrete enters the gap between the two contact surfaces 31a and 42a and solidifies. The concrete in S1 and the space S2 are connected to each other to increase the strength of the retaining wall.
[0043]
Further, even if the upper retaining wall building block A2 receives earth pressure from the rear slope, the lower block A1 engages with the concrete that has entered the gap between the contact surfaces 31a and 42a and solidified. The receiving portion 42 prevents the locking portion 31 of the upper block from moving forward.
Therefore, the forward displacement of the upper block A2 can be reliably prevented.
[0044]
[Second embodiment]
However, depending on the case, even when the retaining wall is formed along the curved slope, it may be necessary to prevent the abutment surface between the locking portion and the engaging portion as described above from being separated. .
In such a case, for example, as shown in a partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 5, the contact surface 42a of the engaging portion 42 of the left retaining wall 4 of the retaining wall construction block A or another engaging portion or the engaging portion The contact surface of the portion may be formed in a circular arc shape with the intersection Q or the like as the center.
[0045]
Then, when the retaining wall is constructed in a curved state, even when the positional relationship between the locking portion and the engaging portion is in the state shown in FIG. 3, the contact surfaces are brought into contact with each other. Can be.
Incidentally, even when formed in this way, it goes without saying that when the retaining wall is constructed in a planar shape (in the case of FIG. 2), the contact surfaces of the locking portion and the receiving portion can be in contact with each other.
[0046]
[Third Embodiment]
As in the first and second embodiments, instead of forming the contact surface of the locking portion and the engaging portion with a curved cross section, the contact surface has a polygonal cross section (that is, the side surface of the polygonal prism). Shape).
FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing a third embodiment of the retaining wall building block of the present invention formed as described above, wherein FIG. 6A is a perspective view, and FIG. It is sectional drawing [however, in (A), the front wall was partially cut away and shown for convenience].
[0047]
Even if the retaining wall construction block A is formed in this manner, the same function as that of the first embodiment can be exhibited.
That is, when the retaining wall building blocks A are staggered in a plane (see FIG. 6B), the contact surface 42a of the receiving portion 42 of the lower block A1 and the locking portion 31 of the upper block A2 abut. Even when the surface 31a abuts and meshes and receives earth pressure from the rear slope, it is possible to effectively prevent the upper block A2 from shifting forward.
[0048]
Also, when constructing the retaining wall in a curved state along the curved slope, the intersection Q and the intersection R can be piled up so that the intersections are coincident. It is possible to avoid a situation of sequentially shifting backward.
Therefore, similarly to the case shown in FIG. 4, the retaining wall can be constructed according to a predetermined gradient determined according to the inclination of the slope W.
[0049]
Also, in the third embodiment, when the blocks are stacked in a state where the retaining wall building block A is curved, the contact surface of the receiving portion 42 of the lower block A1 is similar to that shown in FIG. 42a and the contact surface 31a of the locking portion 31 of the upper block A2 are separated from each other.
However, if the concrete is poured into the space S between the front wall 1 and the rear wall 2, the concrete enters the gap between the two contact surfaces 31a and 42a and solidifies, and the adjacent concrete is inserted. The concrete is connected to each other, increasing the strength of the retaining wall.
[0050]
[Fourth Embodiment]
On the other hand, instead of directly contacting the locking portion and the receiving portion as described above, the locking portion and the receiving portion are formed so as to be positively separated from each other. It is also possible to fill the gap by inserting an insert between the contact surfaces of the parts.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing a state in which a fitting is inserted between the locking portion and the engaging portion of the retaining wall building block, wherein FIG. 7A is a partial plan sectional view, and FIG. It is a longitudinal section along line YY of A).
[0051]
With this configuration, the left retaining wall 4 of the lower retaining wall building block A1 abuts against the bottom surface of the fitting C, and the contact surface 42a of the receiving portion 42 of the left retaining wall 4 fits the fitting C. Abut on the side of
Further, the right retaining wall 3 of the upper retaining wall building block A2 abuts on the upper surface of the fitting C, and the abutting surface 31a of the locking portion 31 of the right retaining wall 3 abuts the side surface of the fitting C. .
[0052]
In this manner, the gap between the contact surface 31a of the locking portion 31 and the contact surface 42a of the engagement portion 42 can be filled, and the engagement between the engagement portion 31 and the engagement portion 42 is achieved through the fitting C. Can be brought into a meshing state.
FIG. 6 shows a case where the retaining wall is formed in a planar shape, but it is needless to say that the present invention is applicable to a case where the retaining wall is formed in a curved state.
The insert C is preferably a cylindrical body as shown in FIG. 6 because it can be placed on the staying wall without being constrained in the orientation or the like. It may be of any shape, so long as it is in a state in which the engaging portion 31 and the engaging portion 42 mesh with each other via the fitting C.
[0053]
[Fifth Embodiment]
By the way, in the above embodiments, the case where the retaining wall building block is a so-called box-shaped block having a front wall, a rear wall, and right and left retaining walls has been described. Also applicable to
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of the retaining wall building block of the present invention (a part of the front wall is cut away for convenience).
[0054]
The retaining wall building block A according to the present embodiment includes a front wall 1 that is inclined so that an upper end side thereof retreats, and a single retaining wall 3 that is provided substantially perpendicularly to the rear of the front wall 1 and further to the rear. Is a so-called H-type block provided with a rear wall 2 (also referred to as an I-type block).
In the retaining wall construction block A, the contact surface 31a of the locking portion 31 at the rear lower end of the retaining wall 3 and the contact surface 32a of the engaging portion 32 at the front upper end of the retaining wall 3 are cross-sections, respectively. The case where it is formed in a curved shape is shown.
[0055]
For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the retaining wall building block A can be stacked in a zigzag stack with the first embodiment retaining wall building blocks A1 and A2 to form a retaining wall.
Also, it is possible to construct a lattice-shaped retaining wall by stacking only the retaining wall construction blocks A (see FIG. 8) of the fifth embodiment.
[0056]
The retaining wall construction block A of the fifth embodiment also has the same function as the other embodiments described above.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the retaining wall building blocks in FIG. 8 are stacked. FIG. 10A shows a case where the blocks are stacked in a plane, and FIG. 10B shows a state where the upper blocks are shifted with respect to the lower blocks. Show the case.
[0057]
When the retaining wall building blocks A are stacked in a plane (see FIG. 10A), the contact surface 32a of the engaging portion 32 of the lower block A3 and the contact surface 31a of the locking portion 31 of the upper block A4 are aligned. The upper block A4 can be effectively prevented from shifting forward even if it receives the earth pressure from the rear side slope because it abuts and meshes.
[0058]
When the upper block A4 is stacked while being shifted from the lower block A3 (see FIG. 10B), the stacking can be performed so that the intersection points Q and R coincide with each other.
Therefore, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the upper block is sequentially shifted rearward from the lower block when stacking the blocks, and the predetermined block determined according to the slope of the slope W as shown in FIG. It is possible to construct a retaining wall along the slope of the road.
[0059]
At that time, the contact surface 32a of the engaging portion 32 of the lower block A3 may be separated from the contact surface 31a of the locking portion 31 of the upper block A4.
In such a case, concrete is poured into the gap between the two contact surfaces 31a and 32a by casting the concrete into the rear of the front wall 1, and solidified, and the adjacent concrete is connected to each other. This increases the strength of the retaining wall.
[0060]
Although not shown or shown in order to avoid complication, it goes without saying that the fifth embodiment can be configured similarly to the second to fourth embodiments.
[0061]
[Sixth Embodiment]
In the embodiments described above, each of the one or a pair of the retaining walls is provided with a locking portion at the lower rear portion and the upper front portion is provided with an engaging portion.
However, the retaining wall construction block of the present invention includes a locking portion at the center of the lower end of one or a pair of the retaining walls by slightly changing the manner of forming the locking portion and the engaging portion, and the upper end of the upper portion. It is also possible to form so that the front and rear parts are provided with engaging parts.
[0062]
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a sixth embodiment of the retaining wall construction block of the present invention (a part of the front wall is cut away for convenience).
The retaining wall construction block A includes a locking portion 31 and a locking portion 41 (the locking portion 41 is not shown) at the center of the lower end of each of the right retaining wall 3 and the left retaining wall 4.
[0063]
In addition, a receiving portion 32 and a receiving portion 42 are provided at a front portion and a rear portion of an upper end of the right retaining wall 3 and the left retaining wall 4.
Further, the front contact surface 31a and the rear contact surface 31b of the locking portion 31; the front contact surface 41a and the rear contact surface 41b of the locking portion 41 (not shown); A front contact surface 32a and a rear contact surface 32b of the front end 32, and a front contact surface 42a and a rear contact surface 42b of the engaging portion 42 are formed in a cross-sectional curved shape, respectively.
[0064]
When formed in this manner, when the retaining wall building block A is staggered in a plane as shown in FIG. 2, the locking portion 31 of the upper block is positioned between the front and rear engaging portions 42 of the lower block. The upper block is effectively prevented from being fitted into the lower block and displaced forward.
It is also possible to stack the retaining wall building blocks A in a curved state.
[0065]
That is, since the respective contact surfaces 31a, 31b, 42a, and 42b are formed in a cross-sectional curved shape as described above, the engaging portions 42 in the front and rear of the lower block and the locking portions 31 of the upper block are mutually separated. Without interfering, as shown in FIG. 3, the intersections Q of the lower block and the intersections R of the upper block can be stacked in a state where they coincide with each other.
Therefore, also in the sixth embodiment, the retaining wall construction block A is retained according to a predetermined gradient (see a dotted line N in the figure) determined according to the inclination of the slope W as shown in FIG. It is possible to build walls.
[0066]
In this embodiment, it goes without saying that other functions similar to those of the above embodiment can be exhibited.
It is clear from the description of the other embodiments that the contact surfaces of the locking portion and the receiving portion can be formed in a polygonal cross-section instead of a curved cross-section. The description is omitted to avoid the problem.
[0067]
In the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the retaining wall construction block A shown in FIG. 11 is connected to the locking portion 31 and the receiving portion 32 [the locking portion 41 and the receiving portion 42 ( The receiving portion 42 may be formed upside down for convenience).
That is, the retaining wall construction block A includes the locking portions 31 and the locking portions 41 at the center of the upper ends of the right and left retaining walls 3 and 4, and the lower ends of the right and left retaining walls 3 and 4. The front part and the rear part are provided with a receiving part 32 and a receiving part 42 (the receiving part 42 is not shown).
[0068]
Further, a front contact surface 31a and a rear contact surface 31b of the locking portion 31; a front contact surface 41a and a rear contact surface 41b of the locking portion 41 (not shown); The contact surface 32a on the front side and the contact surface 32b on the rear side, and the contact surface 42a on the front side and the contact surface 42b on the rear side of the engaging portion 42 are formed in a curved section or polygonal section, respectively. ing.
It goes without saying that the description in each of the above-described embodiments is valid even if formed in this manner.
[0069]
Although the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to only the embodiment, and it goes without saying that various other modifications can be made without departing from the essence of the present invention.
For example, in the present invention, the case where the retaining wall construction block and the box-shaped block are mainly stacked in a staggered manner is shown, but it is naturally possible to stack the blocks in the vertical direction.
[0070]
Also, when constructing the retaining wall, instead of casting concrete in the space between the front wall and the rear wall of the retaining wall construction block, fill part or all with chestnut stone and earth and sand, and fill the retaining wall It can also be used as a basis for planting.
Further, the present invention provides various types of retaining walls such as so-called T-type, L-type, and π-type in addition to the box-type and H-type (I-type) retaining wall building blocks described in the above embodiment. It goes without saying that the present invention is applicable to building blocks.
[0071]
【The invention's effect】
According to the retaining wall construction block and the insert of the present invention, not only when the blocks are piled up in a planar shape to construct the retaining wall, but also when the blocks are constructed in a curved state, the blocks are not shifted rearward when piled up. It becomes possible to construct the block retaining wall on the slope.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a retaining wall building block according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a state in which the retaining wall building blocks of FIG. 1 are staggered in a plane.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the retaining wall building blocks of FIG. 1 are stacked along a curved slope.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the retaining wall is constructed by stacking the retaining wall construction blocks of FIG. 1 along a predetermined gradient.
FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view showing a second embodiment of the retaining wall building block according to the present invention.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are views showing a third embodiment of the retaining wall building block of the present invention formed as described above, wherein FIG. 6A is a perspective view and FIG. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which a fitting is inserted between the locking portion and the engaging portion of the retaining wall building block, (A) is a partial plan cross-sectional view, (B) is a longitudinal sectional view along the line YY in (A).
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a retaining wall building block according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which the retaining wall is constructed in a staggered manner by combining the retaining wall construction blocks of the first and sixth embodiments.
10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the retaining wall building blocks of FIG. 8 are stacked, (A) in a case where the blocks are stacked in a plane, and (B) in which an upper block is attached to a lower block. This shows the case of stacking by shifting.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a sixth embodiment of the retaining wall building block according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a state in which the retaining portion and the engaging portion of the retaining wall construction block of FIG. 11 are formed upside down.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a general shape of a conventional box-shaped block.
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view showing a part of a state where the box-shaped blocks of FIG. 13 are staggered.
FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line XX of the box-shaped blocks stacked in the state of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the box-shaped blocks of FIG. 13 are stacked along a curved slope.
FIG. 17 is a schematic enlarged view of a P portion of the retaining wall in FIG. 16;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which conventional box-shaped blocks are stacked while being shifted rearward.
[Explanation of symbols]
A, A1 to A4 ... The retaining wall construction block of the present invention
B, B1, B2 ... conventional box-shaped block
C: Insert material
d ... distance
k: Thickness of right retaining wall
L, M ... center line
N: predetermined slope
Q, R ... intersection
S ... space
V: Backing material
W ... Slope
1. Front wall
2. Rear wall
3 ... (right) buttress
31 ... locking part
31a, 31b ... contact surface
32 ... Department
32a, 32b ... contact surface
4 Left wall
41 ... locking part
41a, 41b ... contact surface
42 ... Department
42a, 42b ... contact surface
42c ... corner
5 ... Through-hole

Claims

A retaining wall construction block used for constructing a block retaining wall, comprising: a front wall having an upper end inclined so as to recede; and a retaining wall protruding substantially vertically behind the front wall, The buttress wall is provided with a locking portion at a lower rear portion thereof and a receiving portion at a front upper portion thereof, and a contact surface between the locking portion and the receiving portion is formed in a curved cross section. And retaining wall building blocks.

A retaining wall construction block used for constructing a block retaining wall, comprising: a front wall that is inclined so that an upper end side is receded; and a retaining wall protruding substantially vertically behind the front wall, The buttress wall is provided with a locking portion at the lower rear portion and a receiving portion at the upper front portion, and the contact surfaces of the locking portion and the receiving portion are formed in a polygonal cross section. And retaining wall building blocks.

A retaining wall construction block used for constructing a block retaining wall, a front wall having an upper end inclined so as to recede, a rear wall provided substantially parallel to the front wall, and substantially behind the front wall. It comprises a pair of butting walls projecting vertically and connecting the front wall and the rear wall, each of which has a locking portion at its lower rear end and a receiving portion at its upper front end. A retaining wall construction block, wherein contact surfaces of the locking portion and the engaging portion are formed in a curved cross section.

A retaining wall construction block used for constructing a block retaining wall, a front wall having an upper end inclined so as to recede, a rear wall provided substantially parallel to the front wall, and substantially behind the front wall. It comprises a pair of butting walls projecting vertically and connecting the front wall and the rear wall, each of which has a locking portion at its lower rear end and a receiving portion at its upper front end. A retaining wall construction block, wherein contact surfaces of the locking portion and the engaging portion are formed in a polygonal cross section.

A retaining wall construction block used for constructing a block retaining wall, a front wall having an upper end inclined so as to recede, a rear wall provided substantially parallel to the front wall, and substantially behind the front wall. A staying wall projecting vertically and connecting the front wall and the rear wall, the staying wall having a locking portion at a lower rear end thereof, and a receiving portion at a front upper end thereof; A block for retaining wall construction, wherein contact surfaces of the locking portion and the receiving portion are formed in a curved cross section.

A retaining wall construction block used for constructing a block retaining wall, a front wall having an upper end inclined so as to recede, a rear wall provided substantially parallel to the front wall, and substantially behind the front wall. A staying wall projecting vertically and connecting the front wall and the rear wall, the staying wall having a locking portion at a lower rear end thereof, and a receiving portion at a front upper end thereof; A block for retaining wall construction, wherein contact surfaces of the locking portion and the receiving portion are formed in a polygonal cross section.

The retaining wall construction block according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the retaining wall includes a locking portion at a lower central portion thereof and a receiving portion at a front portion and a rear portion of the upper edge thereof. .

The retaining wall construction block according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the retaining wall includes a locking portion at a central portion of an upper end thereof, and a receiving portion at a front portion and a rear portion of a lower end thereof. .

An insertion member to be inserted between the engaging portion of the retaining wall building block according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and the contact surface of the engaging portion.