JP2004270513A - Unmanned helicopter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the operability of a decompression operation unit and prevent to forget the operation. <P>SOLUTION: An unmanned helicopter 1 includes a decompression unit 100 which opens a decompression valve at engine start and closes the valve after engine start, a decompression operation unit 200 which manually operates the decompression unit 100, an engine start operation unit 300 which starts the engine, and a control panel 99 which stores the engine start operation unit 300. The decompression operation unit 200 is placed adjacent to the engine start operation unit 300 of the control panel 99. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a radio-controlled unmanned helicopter used for spraying pesticides and crop seeds in the air.
[0002]
[Prior art]
This type of industrial unmanned helicopter includes an engine equipped with a decompression device that opens a decompression opening / closing valve when the engine is started in order to improve engine startability (for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-93812 (pages 1 to 10, FIGS. 1 to 9)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the engine mounted on the unmanned helicopter, the decompression operator for operating the decompression on / off valve of the decompression device is provided to extend upward from the position of the decompression on / off valve and protrude from the cowling.
[0005]
Since the position where the decompression operator is provided is away from the control panel where the main switch and the starter switch are provided, the operator once goes to the position of the decompression operator and opens the decompression opening / closing valve to open the control panel. Return to the position, operate the starter switch to start the engine, go to the position of the decompression operator again, close the decompression opening / closing valve, return to the control panel position, and switch the main switch to flight mode. It was made to fly, and the operation was troublesome. Also, it was easy to forget to operate the decompression operator.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to provide an unmanned helicopter capable of improving the operability of a decompression operation unit and preventing forgetting of operation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problem and to conceive the purpose, the present invention is configured as follows.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 1 is a decompression device that opens and closes a decompression on-off valve at the time of engine start and then closes after startup.
A decompression operation unit for manually operating the decompression device;
An engine start operation section for starting the engine,
An unmanned helicopter comprising a control panel for arranging the engine start operation unit,
An unmanned helicopter, wherein the decompression operation unit is disposed at a position adjacent to the engine start operation unit on the control panel.
[0009]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the decompression operation section is disposed at a position adjacent to the engine start operation section of the control panel, so that the decompression operation section can be operated at the position of the control panel. Operability can be improved.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the engine provided with the decompression device has a cylinder extending left and right,
The decompression device is provided at each of the left and right cylinder ends,
The unmanned helicopter according to claim 1, wherein the decompression device and the decompression operation unit are connected by a connection member.
[0011]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the operation of the decompression operation unit can simultaneously open and close the decompression devices of the left and right cylinders, thereby improving operability. Further, since the decompression device and the decompression operation section are connected by a connecting member and a space is formed between the left and right connecting members, interference with engine-related parts can be prevented.
[0012]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the decompression operation section includes:
An OFF position for closing the decompression on-off valve and enabling operation of the engine start operation unit;
The unmanned helicopter according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an ON position that opens the decompression opening / closing valve and disables operation of the engine start operation unit.
[0013]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, when operating the engine start operation unit, unless the decompression operation unit closes the decompression opening / closing valve, the operation cannot be performed, so that it is possible to prevent forgetting to operate the decompression operation unit. Can be.
[0014]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the decompression operation section includes:
Equipped with a manual operation unit that can swing up and down around a predetermined support shaft in a box shape with an open bottom,
The manual operation unit covers the engine start operation unit from above when the manual operation unit is rotated downward to the decompression open position, and the manual operation unit covers the engine start operation unit from above. An unmanned helicopter as described.
[0015]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the engine start operation unit cannot be operated in the decompression open state, and forgetting to return the manual operation unit can be prevented.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of an unmanned helicopter according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
1 is a side view of an unmanned helicopter, FIG. 2 is a plan view of an unmanned helicopter, FIG. 3 is a rear view of the unmanned helicopter, FIG. 4 is a side view of a front body, FIG. 5 is a plan view of a front body, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view of the engine, FIG. 8 is a plan view of the engine provided with the decompression device, FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a cylinder provided with the decompression device, FIG. 10 is a plan view of the decompression device, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a closed state of the decompression device, FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing an open state of the decompression device, FIG. 13 is a plan view of the control panel, FIG. 14 is a side view of the control panel, and FIG. FIG. 16 and FIG. 16 are cross-sectional views of the decompression operation section, and FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view along the line XVII-XVII in FIG.
[0018]
The unmanned helicopter 1 of this embodiment is a radio-controlled industrial unmanned helicopter that is used, for example, when spraying pesticides for controlling pests in forests and agricultural lands.
[0019]
The body 2 of the unmanned helicopter 1 includes a front body 3 and a tail body 4 extending rearward from the front body 3. The front body 3 includes a frame 5 as shown in FIGS. The frame 5 is made of a lightweight metal material such as an aluminum alloy, and has a hollow box shape extending in the front-rear direction of the front body 3.
[0020]
At the lower end of the frame 5, front-rear-pair front legs 6a and 6b are fixed. The front legs 6a, 6b extend downward of the frame 5. At the lower ends of the front legs 6a and 6b, an landing skid 7 serving as a ground contact portion when the unmanned helicopter 1 lands is attached.
[0021]
A power unit 10 is supported on the upper surface of the frame 5. The power unit 10 includes a water-cooled two-cycle horizontally opposed two-cylinder engine 11 and a transmission 12 connected to a crankcase 1la of the engine 11. The two cylinders 11b of the engine 11 extend right and left as shown in FIG.
[0022]
An air cleaner 72 and a carburetor 73 are connected to the exhaust system of the engine 11, as shown in FIGS. An ignition plug 74 is screwed to the top of each cylinder of the engine 11, a choke lever 75 is provided on the carburetor 73, and the exhaust system of each cylinder of the engine 11 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 4. As described above, the exhaust pipes 77 are respectively led out, and each exhaust pipe 77 is connected to the muffler 79 via the muffler 78. A radiator 70 is arranged in front of the engine 11, and a fuel tank 71 is arranged behind the transmission 12.
[0023]
At the end of each cylinder 11b, a decompression device 100 for releasing the compression pressure at the time of starting the engine is provided. In this decompression device 100, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 13, a decompression opening / closing valve 101 is mounted on an upper portion of a horizontally arranged engine 11. When the engine is started, the decompression opening / closing valve 101 is pushed down by operating the decompression operation lever 102 corresponding to each cylinder 11b, and the opening of the decompression opening 103 is opened to release the combustion chamber pressure and lighten the engine rotation. I do. The decompression operation lever 102 is urged by a spring 104 to always return upward.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 9, the horizontally arranged engine 11 includes a cylinder body 110 and a cylinder head 111, each having a water jacket 112 formed therein, and circulating cooling water through the radiator 70. A common crank chamber 113 is formed in the center of both cylinders, and a crank shaft 114 is mounted. A piston 116 is connected to the crankshaft 114 via a connecting rod 115 of each cylinder. A combustion chamber 118 is formed surrounded by the piston 116, the cylinder bore 117, and the inner wall of the cylinder head 111. The ignition plug 74 faces the combustion chamber 118. The decompression hole 103 is opened in the cylinder bore 117 facing the combustion chamber 118. The decompression opening / closing valve 101 is mounted so as to open and close the decompression hole 103. 120 is an intake port, 121 is a scavenging passage, and 123 is an exhaust port.
[0025]
11 and 12 are detailed diagrams of the decompression on-off valve 101. FIG. 11 shows a state where the decompression is closed, and FIG. 12 shows a state where the decompression is opened. The decompression opening / closing valve 101 includes a mounting portion 101a formed with a screw for screwing to the cylinder body 110, a valve body 101b sliding on the mounting portion 101a, and an operation physically connected to the valve body 101b. It has a part 101c, and a spring 104 attached between the operation part 101c and the bracket 130. The decompression opening / closing valve 101 is attached to the cylinder body 110 by screwing the attachment portion 101 a to the cylinder body 110 and tightening a nut 132 via a washer 131.
[0026]
The decompression operation lever 102 is provided between the pair of support portions 130 a of the bracket 130 by a support bolt 140 and a nut 141 so as to be rotatable around the support bolt 140. The end portion 142a1 of the inner wire 142a of the connecting member 142 is locked to the stop portion 102a of the decompression operation lever 102. The inner wire 142a passes through a guide groove 130b1 formed in the guide portion 130b of the bracket 130, and the end 142b1 of the outer wire 142b of the connecting member 142 is in contact with the guide portion 130b.
[0027]
By pulling the inner wire 142a of the connecting member 142, the decompression operation lever 102 rotates around the support bolt 140, and the arm 102b of the decompression operation lever 102 presses the flange 101c1 of the operation unit 101c, and the valve body 101b Can move against the spring 104 to open the decompression hole 103.
[0028]
On the other hand, by returning the inner wire 142a of the connecting member 142, the valve body 101b moves in the return direction due to the resilience of the spring 104, whereby the decompression operation lever 102 rotates in the return direction with the support bolt 140 as a fulcrum. , The decompression hole 103 can be closed.
[0029]
During normal operation other than when the engine is started, as shown in FIG. 11, the distal end of the valve body 101b closes the opening 101a1 of the mounting portion 101a so as to be closed. In this state, the decompression hole 103 of the combustion chamber 118 is in a closed state, and the explosion pressure is not released.
[0030]
At the time of starting the engine, as shown in FIG. 12, the operation unit 101c is pressed as shown by an arrow, the valve body 101b is pushed down, and its tip projects from the tip of the mounting unit 101a to open the opening 101a1. In this state, the decompression hole 103 of the combustion chamber 118 communicates with the outside air through the opening 101a1 of the decompression opening / closing valve 101 and the communication hole 101d provided in the operation portion 101c, and the pressure in the combustion chamber 118 is released and weakened. At the time of starting, by rotating the starter motor in this state, the engine 11 can be rotated with a small load.
[0031]
As shown in FIGS. 13 to 17, the control panel 99 includes a main switch SW1, a starter switch SW2, a liquid droplet switch SW3, a control switch SW4, and a decompression device 100 that constitute the engine start operation section 300. Is provided, and the decompression operation unit 200 is disposed at a position adjacent to the engine start operation unit 300 on the control panel 99.
[0032]
Thus, by disposing the decompression operation unit 200 at a position adjacent to the engine start operation unit 300 on the control panel 99, the decompression operation unit 200 can be operated at the position of the control panel 99, and operability is improved. Can be improved.
[0033]
Further, decompression devices 100 are provided at the respective cylinder ends extending left and right of the engine 11, and the decompression devices 100 and the decompression operation section 200 are connected by a connection member 142.
[0034]
By operating the decompression operation unit 200, the decompression devices 100 of the left and right cylinders can be simultaneously opened and closed, and the operability can be improved. In addition, since the decompression device 100 and the decompression operation section 200 are connected by the connecting member 142 to form a space between the left and right connecting members 142, interference with engine-related parts can be prevented.
[0035]
As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the decompression operation unit 200 that opens and closes the decompression opening / closing valve 101 includes a box-shaped manual operation unit 201 whose lower part is opened, and the manual operation unit 201 includes a shaft 152 a of the slider 152. The support shaft 150 is provided rotatably on the front side with the support shaft 150 as a fulcrum, and can swing up and down around a predetermined support shaft 150.
[0036]
When the manual operation unit 201 is rotated downward to the decompression open position, the manual operation unit 201 covers the engine start operation unit 300 from above, and operates the main switch SW1 of the engine start operation unit 300 in the decompression open state. It is impossible, so that forgetting to return the manual operation unit 201 can be prevented.
[0037]
The slider 152 is slidably provided on the holder box 151, and the end 142a2 of the inner wire 142a of the connecting member 142 is fixed to the slide portion 152b of the slider 152, and the end 142b2 of the outer wire 142b is fixed to the holder box 151. It is fixed by a pin 143.
[0038]
When the engine 11 is started, when the decompression operation section 200 is tilted forward, the lower end portion presses the end portion 151a of the holder box 151 to pull the slider 152 toward the front side. Since the wire 142a is pulled, the decompression on-off valve 101 is opened.
[0039]
Then, the starter switch SW2 is operated to start the engine 11. When the engine 11 is started, when the manual operation unit 201 is raised, the slider 152 is pushed and the inner wire 142a of the connecting member 142 is pushed, whereby the decompression opening / closing valve 101 is closed.
[0040]
The manual operation unit 201 closes the decompression opening / closing valve 101 to enable the operation of the main switch SW1. The OFF position P1 opens the decompression opening / closing valve 101 and disables the main switch SW1. Have. When switching to the flight mode by operating the main switch SW1, if the manual operation unit 201 is at the ON position P2, the manual operation unit 201 covers the upper part of the main switch SW1, and the manual operation unit 201 operates out of the way. Can not. If the manual operation unit 201 is obstructed at the ON position P2 when trying to operate the main switch SW1, the main switch SW1 is set to the OFF position P1 to switch to the flight mode.
[0041]
As described above, when the main switch SW1 is operated, unless the manual operation unit 201 closes the decompression on-off valve 101, the operation cannot be performed, so that forgetting to return the manual operation unit 201 can be prevented.
[0042]
In addition, the manual operation unit 201 that opens and closes the decompression on-off valve 101 is arranged on the control panel 99 on which the main switch SW1 and the starter switch SW2 are arranged, so that the manual operation unit 201, the starter switch SW2, The main switch SW1 can be operated, and operability can be improved.
[0043]
The engine 11 is supported at the front end of the frame 5, and most of the engine 11 projects forward of the frame 5. The transmission 12 is located behind the engine 11. At the rear of the transmission 12, a rotor support 13 protruding upward is formed, and a main rotor mast 14 is rotatably supported by the rotor support 13. The main rotor mast 14 is linked to the engine 11 via the transmission 12, and a pair of main rotors 15 a and 15 b are attached to the upper end of the main rotor mast 14.
[0044]
The control unit 16 is housed inside the frame 5. The control unit 16 is for changing the output of the engine 11, the inclination angle of the blades of the main rotor 15, and the like. The control unit 16 includes a receiver (not shown) for receiving airframe operation radio waves emitted from a transmitter on the ground. And a receiver (not shown) for receiving a radio wave for operating the spraying device.
[0045]
The frame 5 and the power unit 10 are covered by a cowling 17 made of FRP or GFRP, and have a left-right divided structure. The rear end of the cowling 17 protrudes rearward of the frame 5.
[0046]
The cowling 17 has a left and right split structure, and the left and right split pieces 17 a and 17 b are rotatably supported at their lower ends by the respective payload bars 90, and are opened and closed by rotating about the payload bars 90.
[0047]
The tail body 4 is detachably connected to the rear end of the frame 5, and the connection between the tail body 4 and the frame 5 is covered and hidden by the rear end of the front cowling 17. The tail body 4 has a body main body 21 made of CFRP. The body main body 21 is formed in a hollow shape with a front end and a rear end opened, and is tapered toward the rear of the tail body 4.
[0048]
The rear end of the body 21 is covered with a tail cover 30 made of CFRP. The tail cover 30 includes a hollow cover body 31 and a vertical tail 32 continuous with the upper end of the cover body 31.
[0049]
The tail cover 30 has a leg support 38 projecting downward from the tail cover 30. The leg support 38 is inclined rearward as it goes downward. A rear leg 41 is bolted to the leg support 38.
[0050]
A rotor shaft 45 is rotatably supported at the rear end of the body 21, and the rotor shaft 45 extends horizontally along the width direction of the tail body 4. The rotor shaft 45 is linked to the output end of the transmission 12 via a belt drive mechanism (not shown), and transmits the power of the engine to the rotor shaft 45 by the belt drive mechanism. A tail rotor 48 is supported at the right end of the rotor shaft 45. The tail rotor 48 has a pair of rotor blades 48a and 48b.
[0051]
In the unmanned helicopter 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a spraying device A is provided on the front body 3, and a control panel 99 of the spraying device A is disposed at the rear end of the front body 3.
[0052]
In the spraying apparatus A, a medicine spraying tank 80 is detachably attached to both right and left sides of the machine body 2, and the medicine spraying tank 80 contains a pesticidal medicine and the like. Bars 81 extend outward on the left and right sides of the body 2, and a plurality of injection nozzles 82 for spraying a medicine are attached to each bar 81 at appropriate intervals. The nozzle 82 is connected to a medicine feeding hose 84 connected to a spray pump 83. When the spraying pump 83 is driven by remote control during the flight of the unmanned helicopter 1, the medicine in the medicine spraying tank 80 is supplied to each injection nozzle 82 via the medicine feeding hose 84 and sprayed in the air.
[0053]
The unmanned helicopter 1 includes a spraying device operating antenna 50 for receiving a spraying device operating radio wave on the front body 3, and an airframe operating antenna 60 for receiving an airframe operating radio wave on the tail body 4.
[0054]
The aircraft steering antenna 60 is a dipole type having an upper antenna section 60a and a lower antenna section 60b extending in the vertical direction. The upper antenna section 60a and the lower antenna section 60b are attached to the tail cover 30 on the side opposite to the tail rotor 48, and receive steering radio waves emitted from a transmitter on the ground.
[0055]
The spray device operating antenna 50 is a dipole type having an upper antenna portion 50a and a lower antenna portion 50b extending in the vertical direction. The spray device operating antenna 50 is provided behind the main rotor mast 14 of the pair of main rotors 15a and 15b. The upper antenna unit 50a and the lower antenna unit 50b are disposed on the right side of the front body 3, and receive radio waves for dispersion emitted from a transmitter on the ground.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the decompression operation section is disposed at a position adjacent to the engine start operation section of the control panel, so that the decompression operation section can be operated at the position of the control panel. Operability can be improved.
[0057]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the operation of the decompression operation unit can simultaneously open and close the decompression devices of the left and right cylinders, thereby improving operability. Further, since the decompression device and the decompression operation section are connected by a connecting member and a space is formed between the left and right connecting members, interference with engine-related parts can be prevented.
[0058]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, when operating the engine start operation unit, unless the decompression operation unit closes the decompression opening / closing valve, the decompression operation unit cannot be operated, so that forgetting to operate the decompression operation unit can be prevented.
[0059]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the engine start operation unit cannot be operated in the decompression open state, and forgetting to return the manual operation unit can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an unmanned helicopter.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an unmanned helicopter.
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the unmanned helicopter.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a front body.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a front body.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the engine.
FIG. 7 is a side view of the engine.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of an engine including a decompression device.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder including a decompression device.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of the decompression device.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a closed state of the decompression device.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing an open state of the decompression device;
FIG. 13 is a plan view of the control panel.
FIG. 14 is a side view of the control panel.
FIG. 15 is a front view of a control panel.
FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a decompression operation unit.
FIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along the line XVII-XVII in FIG. 16;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Unmanned helicopter 11 Engine 99 Control panel 100 Decompression device 101 Decom open / close valve 200 Decom operation part 300 Engine start operation part

Claims (4)

A decompression device that opens and closes the decompression on-off valve when the engine starts,
A decompression operation unit for manually operating the decompression device;
An engine start operation section for starting the engine,
An unmanned helicopter comprising a control panel for arranging the engine start operation unit,
An unmanned helicopter, wherein the decompression operation unit is disposed at a position adjacent to the engine start operation unit on the control panel. The engine provided with the decompression device has a cylinder extending left and right,
The decompression device is provided at each of the left and right cylinder ends,
The unmanned helicopter according to claim 1, wherein the decompression device and the decompression operation unit are connected by a connection member. The decompression operation unit includes:
An OFF position for closing the decompression on-off valve and enabling operation of the engine start operation unit;
The unmanned helicopter according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an ON position that opens the decompression on-off valve and disables operation of the engine start operation unit. The decompression operation unit includes:
Equipped with a manual operation unit that can swing up and down around a predetermined support shaft in a box shape with an open bottom,
The manual operation unit covers the engine start operation unit from above when the manual operation unit is rotated downward to the decompression open position, and the manual operation unit covers the engine start operation unit from above. An unmanned helicopter as described.

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