JP2004269805A - Electrical conductivity-imparting agent and electrically conductive material - Google Patents
Electrical conductivity-imparting agent and electrically conductive material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂またはゴムに導電性を付与させるための導電性付与剤及び導電性シートまたは電子写真式プリンター、複写機の帯電ロール、クリーニングロール、現像ロールなどに用いられる導電性材料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電子写真式プリンター、複写機に使用される帯電ロール、クリーニングロール、現像ロールなどに用いられる導電性材料は、ポリウレタン、スチレンゴム、エピクロルヒドリンゴムなどの熱可塑性樹脂またはゴムに導電性付与剤を添加して、表面抵抗を107〜109Ω/□に調整して使用される。
【0003】
従来、該導電性付与剤としては、カーボンブラックや酸化鉄等の電子導電剤が用いられているが、これらを樹脂またはゴムに添加させた場合、得られる導電性材料は、硬度が高くなることから、軟化剤を配合させて硬度を低くする必要があった。しかしながら、時間の経過とともにブリードが発生し、該軟化剤がしみ出すという問題があった。
【0004】
また、ゴム等に電子導電剤を添加させて得られた導電性材料は、電気抵抗のばらつきや電圧依存性が大きい等の問題があった。
【0005】
上記課題を解決するために、該電子導電剤に代えて、ゴム等の柔軟性を保ちつつ、電気抵抗のばらつきや電圧依存性が小さい等の利点を有するイオン導電剤が提案されている。
【0006】
特許文献1には、樹脂に過塩素酸リチウム等のアルカリ金属塩を添加させた導電性樹脂組成物が記載されている。
【0007】
しかしながら、従来の過塩素酸リチウム等のアルカリ金属塩をイオン導電剤として用いた場合、長時間の通電による耐久性が不十分であり、ブリードを生じ、イオン導電剤がしみ出すなどの問題があった。
【0008】
【特許文献1】特開平3−122165号公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、導電性及び柔軟性が高く、ブリードによるイオン導電剤のしみ出しがない、長期安定性に優れた導電性付与剤及び導電性材料を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは鋭意検討した結果、スピロアンモニウム化合物塩からなるイオン導電剤が含有されてなる導電性付与剤及び該導電性付与剤を含有させてなる導電性材料が上記課題を解決し得ることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0011】
すなわち、本発明は、下記一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩からなるイオン導電剤が含有されてなることを特徴とする導電性付与剤である。
【0012】
【化2】
【0013】
式中、X及びYは、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を表し、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。k及びiは、0または1〜4の正整数を、n及びmは、3〜7の正整数を、Aは酸成分を表す。
【0014】
また、本発明は、上記一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩からなるイオン導電剤が、末端水酸基を有するポリエーテルポリオール、末端水酸基を有するポリアルキレングリコール、末端水酸基を有するポリエチレン主鎖とポリアルキレンオキサイドとのグラフト共重合体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種に含有されてなることを特徴とする導電性付与剤である。
【0015】
また、本発明は、上記一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩が、熱可塑性樹脂またはゴムに添加されてなることを特徴とする導電性材料である。
【0016】
以下、本発明の導電性付与剤について詳細に説明する。
【0017】
本発明の導電性付与剤は、イオン導電剤である上記一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩が含有されてなり、式中、X及びYは、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を表し、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、k及びiは、0または1〜4の正整数を、n及びmは、3〜7の正整数を表す。
【0018】
一般式〔1〕中、X及びYの炭素数が5以上、k及びiが5以上、または、n及びmが8以上の場合には、スピロアンモニウム化合物塩のイオン導電性が低下し不都合である。
【0019】
上記スピロアンモニウム化合物塩のカチオンとしては、例えば、スピロ−(1,1’)−ビアザシクロブチルイオン、アザシクロペンタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロブチルイオン、アザシクロヘキサン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロブチルイオン、アザシクロヘプタン−1−スピロ−1’− アザシクロブチルイオン、アザシクロオクタン−1−スピロ−1’− アザシクロブチルイオン、スピロ−(1,1’)−ビアザシクロペンチルイオン、アザシクロヘキサン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロペンチルイオン、アザシクロヘプタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロペンチルイオン、アザシクロオクタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロペンチルイオン、スピロ−(1,1’)−ビアザシクロヘキシルイオン、アザシクロヘプタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロヘキシルイオン、アザシクロオクタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロヘキシルイオン、スピロ−(1,1’)−ビアザシクロヘプチルイオン、アザシクロオクタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロヘプチルイオン、スピロ−(1,1’)−ビアザシクロオクチルイオンがあげられる。
【0020】
一般式〔1〕中、Aは酸成分を表し、例えば、過塩素酸イオン(ClO4 −)、フッ素イオン(F−)、塩素イオン(Cl−)、臭素イオン(Br−)、ヨウ素イオン(I−)、ヘキサフルオロリン酸イオン(PF6 −)、ヘキサフルオロアンチモン酸イオン(SbF6 −)、テトラフルオロホウ酸イオン(BF4 −)、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸イオン(CF3SO3 −)、トリフルオロ酢酸イオン(CF3CO2 −)、ビストリフルオロメタンスルフォニルイミドイオン((CF3SO2)2N−)、ペルフルオロブタンスルホン酸イオン(C4F9SO3 −)、トリストリフルオロメタンスルフォニルメチドイオン((CF3SO2)3C−)、ジシアナミドイオン((CN)2N−)があげられる。
【0021】
上記一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩は、以下の製造方法により得られる。
【0022】
まず、イソプロピルアルコール溶媒中、炭酸カリウム存在下でアザシクロアルカンに両末端を臭素化させたジブロモアルカンを作用させてスピロアンモニウムブロマイドを得、次に該ブロマイドを水またはアルコール中で電気透析により脱塩させて水酸化スピロアンモニウム溶液を得る。
【0023】
ついで、得られた水酸化スピロアンモニウム溶液に、一般式〔1〕中のAに対応する酸成分を、等モル量添加して、中和反応させた後、減圧下で脱水させて、目的とするスピロアンモニウム化合物塩を得る。
【0024】
本発明の導電性付与剤は、一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩を単独で用いることもできるが、熱可塑性樹脂またはゴムとの相溶性をよくするため、該スピロアンモニウム化合物塩に末端水酸基を有する樹脂、すなわち、末端水酸基を有するポリエーテルポリオール、末端水酸基を有するポリアルキレングリコール、末端水酸基を有するポリエチレン主鎖とポリアルキレンオキサイドとのグラフト共重合体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を添加させた後、加熱混練させて用いられる。
【0025】
一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩に末端水酸基を有する樹脂を添加させる場合、末端水酸基を有する樹脂100質量部に対して、該スピロアンモニウム化合物塩が1〜50質量部の範囲で添加される。1質量部より未満または50質量部より超の場合、導電性が低下し不都合である。
【0026】
次に、本発明の導電性材料について詳細に説明する。
【0027】
本発明の導電性材料は、熱可塑性樹脂またはゴムに、本発明の導電性付与剤が添加されてなるものである。
【0028】
本発明に用いられる熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂及びその組成物、ポリアセタール、ポリアクリレート、アクリル樹脂及びその組成物、ポリフェニレンエーテル(以下、「PPE」と略記する。)、PPE/ポリスチレン、PPE/ポリアミド(以下、「PA」と略記する。)、PPE/ポリブチレンテレフタレート(以下、「PBT」と略記する。)等のポリフェニレンエーテル系樹脂及びその組成物、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(以下、「PET」と略記する。)、PBT/ABS等のポリエステル系樹脂及びその組成物、ポリカーボネート(以下、「PC」と略記する。)、PC/ABS、PC/PET、PC/PBT等のポリカーボネート系樹脂及びその組成物、ポリウレタン及びその組成物、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリフェニレンサルファイド系樹脂及びその組成物、ポリサルホンがあげられる。
【0029】
導電性に優れる点から、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂が好ましく、これらの樹脂の少なくとも1種が用いられる。
【0030】
また、本発明に用いられるゴムとしては、ウレタンゴム、アクリルゴム、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエンゴム、エピクロルヒドリンゴム、エピクロルヒドリン−エチレンオキサイド共重合ゴム、シリコンゴム、フルオロオレフィンビニルエーテル共重合体ウレタンゴム、スチレンブタジエン共重合体ゴム及びそれらの発泡体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種があげられる。
【0031】
本発明の導電性材料は、熱可塑性樹脂またはゴムに、本発明の導電性付与剤を所定量添加、混練し、フィルム状、シート状あるいはロール状等に成形して用いられる。
【0032】
上記導電性材料中における導電性付与剤では、熱可塑性樹脂またはゴム100質量部に対して、イオン導電剤である一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩が0.1〜20質量部となる範囲で添加される。0.1質量部より未満の場合、得られた導電性材料の導電性が不十分であり、また、20質量部より超の場合、導電性は十分であるがブリードを起こしやすくなり不都合である。
【0033】
本発明の導電性付与剤は、イオン導電性の高い一般式〔1〕で表されるスピロアンモニウム化合物塩が含有されており、該導電性付与剤が添加された導電性材料は、ブリードによるイオン導電剤のしみ出しがなく、導電性、柔軟性に優れ、また長期間安定した特性が発現できる。
【0034】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を、実施例により説明する。なお、本発明は実施例によりなんら限定されない。なお、実施例中の「部」は「質量部」を表す。
【0035】
実施例1
末端水酸基を有するポリエチレン主鎖とポリアルキレンオキサイドのグラフト重合体(分子量4000、住友化学工業(株)登録商標 スミエード300G)90部に、イオン導電剤であるスピロ−(1,1’)−ビアザシクロペンチルヘキサフルオロリン酸塩20部を加えた後、温度70℃で加熱混練させて導電性付与剤を得た。
【0036】
ついで、熱可塑性樹脂であるアクリル樹脂(三菱レーヨン(株)登録商標 アクリペットIR H−70)100部に、先に得られた導電性付与剤20部を添加し、テストロール機(日新科学(株)製HR−2型)中、温度100℃で加熱混練させて、厚さ1mmの導電性シートを得た。該導電性シートは、熱可塑性樹脂100部に対して、イオン導電剤の添加量は3.6部である。
【0037】
得られた導電性シートの表面抵抗を表面抵抗測定機(三菱化学(株)製HT−210)を用いて測定した。また、導電性シートを2つに折り曲げて、温度40℃、湿度80%の環境下で、90日間放置した後、イオン導電剤のしみ出しを目視により表面観察し、ブリードの有無を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
【0038】
実施例2
実施例1に準じて、ポリエチレン主鎖とポリアルキレンオキサイドのグラフト重合体(スミエード300G)90部に、イオン導電剤であるスピロ−(1,1’)−ビアザシクロヘキシルテトラフルオロホウ酸塩40部を加えた後、温度70℃で加熱混練させて導電性付与剤を得た。
【0039】
ついで、熱可塑性樹脂であるポリウレタン樹脂(大日本インキ化学工業(株)登録商標 パンデックスT−8190N)100部に、先に得られた導電性付与剤40部を添加し、テストロール機中、温度180℃で加熱混練させて、厚さ1mmの導電性シートを得た。該導電性シートは、熱可塑性樹脂100部に対して、イオン導電剤の添加量は12.3部である。
【0040】
以下、実施例1と同様にして表面抵抗及びブリードの有無を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
【0041】
実施例3
実施例1に準じて、ポリエチレングリコールとポリプロピレングリコールのブロック共重合体(日本油脂(株)登録商標 プロノン102)90部に、イオン導電剤であるアザシクロヘプタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロペンチルトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸塩10部を加えた後、温度70℃で加熱混練させて導電性付与剤を得た。
【0042】
ついで、熱可塑性樹脂であるポリエステル樹脂(大日本インキ化学工業(株)製ポリブチレンテレフタレート)100部に、先に得られた導電性付与剤40部を添加し、テストロール機中、温度250℃で加熱混練させて、厚さ1mmの導電性シートを得た。該導電性シートは、熱可塑性樹脂100部に対して、イオン導電剤の添加量は4部である。
【0043】
以下、実施例1と同様にして表面抵抗及びブリードの有無を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
【0044】
実施例4
実施例1に準じて、ポリエチレングリコールとポリプロピレングリコールのブロック共重合体(プロノン102)90部に、イオン導電剤であるアザシクロヘプタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロヘキシルヘキサフルオロアンチモン酸塩5部を加えた後、温度70℃で加熱混練させて導電性付与剤を得た。
【0045】
ついで、熱可塑性樹脂であるポリアミド樹脂(ナイロン612:ダイセルヒュルス(株)登録商標 ダイアナミド1700)100部に、先に得られた導電性付与剤5部を添加し、テストロール機中、温度220℃で加熱混練させて、厚さ1mmの導電性シートを得た。該導電性シートは、熱可塑性樹脂100部に対して、イオン導電剤の添加量は0.3部である。
【0046】
以下、実施例1と同様にして表面抵抗及びブリードの有無を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
【0047】
比較例1
実施例1において、イオン導電剤として過塩素酸リチウム20部を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして導電性付与剤を得、また、実施例1と同様にして導電性シートを得た。該導電性シートは、熱可塑性樹脂100部に対して、イオン導電剤の添加量は3.6部である。
【0048】
以下、実施例1と同様にして表面抵抗及びブリードの有無を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
【0049】
比較例2
実施例2において、イオン導電剤として過ヨウ素酸テトラエチルアンモニウム40部を用いた以外は実施例2と同様にして導電性付与剤を得、実施例2と同様にして導電性シートを得た。該導電性シートは、熱可塑性樹脂100部に対して、イオン導電剤の添加量は12.3部である。
【0050】
以下、実施例1と同様にして表面抵抗及びブリードの有無を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
【0051】
【表1】
【0052】
実施例5
発泡性ゴムであるウレタン(日本ポリウレタン工業(株)登録商標 ニッポラン5199、以下「U」と略記する。)100部に、イオン導電剤であるスピロ−(1,1’)−ビアザシクロペンチルヘキサフルオロリン酸塩10部を加え、加熱混練により発泡及び架橋させた後、成型用金型に流し込み、厚み12mmの導電性発泡ゴム成形体を得た。
【0053】
得られた該成形体について、日本工業規格JIS K6253に準じてゴム硬度を測定した。また、比抵抗測定器により、比抵抗を測定した。これらの結果を表2に示す。
【0054】
実施例6
実施例5において、イオン導電剤としてアザシクロヘキサン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロペンチルトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸塩5部を用いた以外は実施例5と同様にして、導電性発泡ゴム成形体を得た。該成形体のゴム硬度及び比抵抗測定結果を表2に示す。
【0055】
実施例7
実施例5において、発泡性ゴムとしてエピクロルヒドリンゴム(ダイソー(株)製エピクロマーCG―102、以下「EP」と略記する。)100部を、また、イオン導電剤としてアザシクロペンタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロブチルテトラフルオロホウ酸塩2部を用いた以外は実施例5と同様にして導電性発泡ゴム成形体を得た。該成形体のゴム硬度及び比抵抗測定結果を表2に示す。
【0056】
実施例8
実施例5において、発泡性ゴムとしてアクリル(JSR(株)製アクリルラテッックスAE832、以下「ACM」と略記する。)100部を、また、イオン導電剤としてアザシクロオクタン−1−スピロ−1’−アザシクロヘキシルヘキサフルオロアンチモン酸塩3部を用いた以外は実施例5と同様にして導電性発泡ゴム成形体を得た。該成形体のゴム硬度及び比抵抗測定結果を表2に示す。
【0057】
比較例3
実施例5において、導電剤としてカーボンブラック30部を用いた以外は実施例5と同様にして、導電性発泡ゴム成形体を得た。該成形体のゴム硬度及び比抵抗測定結果を表2に示す。
【0058】
比較例4
実施例5において、イオン導電剤として過塩素酸リチウム2部を用いた以外は実施例5と同様にして、導電性発泡ゴム成形体を得た。該成形体のゴム硬度及び比抵抗測定結果を表2に示す。
【0059】
比較例5
実施例5において、発泡性ゴムとしてEP100部、導電剤として酸化チタン(石原産業(株)登録商標 タイペークET500W)20部を用いた以外は実施例5と同様にして、導電性発泡ゴム成形体を得た。該成形体のゴム硬度及び比抵抗測定結果を表2に示す。
【0060】
【表2】
【0061】
表1に示すように、比較例1及び2では、表面抵抗が高くブリードの発生が見られたのに対して、スピロアンモニウム化合物塩を含む本発明の導電性付与剤が添加された実施例1〜4に示す導電性シートは、表面抵抗が低く、ブリードの発生がない。
【0062】
また、表2に示すように、導電性付与剤としてカーボンブラック、過塩素酸リチウム、酸化チタンが添加された比較例3〜5の導電性発泡ゴムは、ゴム硬度が高く、比抵抗が高いのに対し、本発明の導電性付与剤が添加された実施例5〜8の導電性発泡ゴムは、ゴム硬度が低くかつ比抵抗が低く、柔軟性、導電性に優れている。
【0063】
【発明の効果】
本発明の導電性付与剤は、イオン導電性の高いスピロアンモニウム化合物塩が含有されてなり、該導電性付与剤が添加された導電性材料は、ブリードによるイオン導電剤のしみ出しがなく、導電性、柔軟性に優れ、長期間安定した特性が発現できる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a conductivity imparting agent for imparting conductivity to a thermoplastic resin or rubber, and a conductive sheet or a conductive material used for an electrophotographic printer, a charging roll of a copying machine, a cleaning roll, a developing roll, and the like. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conductive materials used for charging rolls, cleaning rolls, developing rolls, etc. used in electrophotographic printers and copiers are made by adding a conductivity-imparting agent to thermoplastic resins or rubbers such as polyurethane, styrene rubber and epichlorohydrin rubber. The surface resistance is adjusted to 10 7 to 10 9 Ω / □ before use.
[0003]
Conventionally, electronic conductivity agents such as carbon black and iron oxide have been used as the conductivity imparting agent. However, when these are added to a resin or rubber, the resulting conductive material has a high hardness. Therefore, it was necessary to lower the hardness by incorporating a softener. However, there is a problem that bleeding occurs with the passage of time and the softener exudes.
[0004]
In addition, a conductive material obtained by adding an electronic conductive agent to rubber or the like has problems such as variations in electrical resistance and large voltage dependence.
[0005]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an ionic conductive agent has been proposed instead of the electronic conductive agent, which has advantages such as variation in electric resistance and small voltage dependency while maintaining flexibility of rubber or the like.
[0006]
Patent Document 1 describes a conductive resin composition in which an alkali metal salt such as lithium perchlorate is added to a resin.
[0007]
However, when a conventional alkali metal salt such as lithium perchlorate is used as the ionic conductive agent, there is a problem that the durability due to long-term energization is insufficient, bleeding occurs, and the ionic conductive agent exudes. Was.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-122165
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a conductivity imparting agent and a conductive material which have high conductivity and flexibility, do not exude the ionic conductive agent by bleeding, and have excellent long-term stability.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies and as a result, it has been found that a conductivity imparting agent containing an ionic conducting agent composed of a spiro ammonium compound salt and a conductive material containing the conductivity imparting agent can solve the above-described problems. And completed the present invention.
[0011]
That is, the present invention is a conductivity-imparting agent comprising an ionic conductive agent comprising a spiroammonium compound salt represented by the following general formula [1].
[0012]
Embedded image
[0013]
In the formula, X and Y represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different. k and i each represent 0 or a positive integer of 1 to 4, n and m each represent a positive integer of 3 to 7, and A represents an acid component.
[0014]
Further, in the present invention, the ionic conductive agent comprising a spiro ammonium salt represented by the general formula [1] is a polyether polyol having a terminal hydroxyl group, a polyalkylene glycol having a terminal hydroxyl group, and a polyethylene main chain having a terminal hydroxyl group. A conductivity-imparting agent characterized by being contained in at least one selected from the group consisting of a graft copolymer of a polyalkylene oxide and a polyalkylene oxide.
[0015]
Further, the present invention is a conductive material, wherein the spiroammonium compound salt represented by the general formula [1] is added to a thermoplastic resin or rubber.
[0016]
Hereinafter, the conductivity imparting agent of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0017]
The conductivity-imparting agent of the present invention contains a spiroammonium compound salt represented by the general formula [1], which is an ionic conductive agent, wherein X and Y are an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And k and i may be 0 or a positive integer of 1 to 4, and n and m may be a positive integer of 3 to 7.
[0018]
In the general formula [1], when X and Y have 5 or more carbon atoms, k and i are 5 or more, or n and m are 8 or more, the ionic conductivity of the spiroammonium compound salt decreases, which is inconvenient. is there.
[0019]
Examples of the cation of the above spiro ammonium compound salt include spiro- (1,1 ′)-biazacyclobutyl ion, azacyclopentane-1-spiro-1′-azacyclobutyl ion and azacyclohexane-1-spiro- 1'-azacyclobutyl ion, azacycloheptane-1-spiro-1'-azacyclobutyl ion, azacyclooctane-1-spiro-1'-azacyclobutyl ion, spiro- (1,1 ')-via Zacyclopentyl ion, azacyclohexane-1-spiro-1′-azacyclopentyl ion, azacycloheptane-1-spiro-1′-azacyclopentyl ion, azacyclooctane-1-spiro-1′-azacyclopentyl ion, spiro- (1,1 ′)-Biazacyclohexyl ion, azacycloheptane-1-spiro- '-Azacyclohexyl ion, azacyclooctane-1-spiro-1'-azacyclohexyl ion, spiro- (1,1')-biazacycloheptyl ion, azacyclooctane-1-spiro-1'-azacycloheptyl Ion and spiro- (1,1 ′)-biazacyclooctyl ion.
[0020]
In the general formula [1], A represents an acid component, for example, perchlorate ion (ClO 4 − ), fluorine ion (F − ), chloride ion (Cl − ), bromine ion (Br − ), iodine ion ( I − ), hexafluorophosphate ion (PF 6 − ), hexafluoroantimonate ion (SbF 6 − ), tetrafluoroborate ion (BF 4 − ), trifluoromethanesulfonic acid ion (CF 3 SO 3 − ), Trifluoroacetate ion (CF 3 CO 2 − ), bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide ion ((CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N − ), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid ion (C 4 F 9 SO 3 − ), tristrifluoromethanesulfonylmethyl Doion ((CF 3 SO 2) 3 C -), dicyanamide ion ((CN) 2 N -) is It is below.
[0021]
The spiro ammonium compound salt represented by the general formula [1] is obtained by the following production method.
[0022]
First, an azacycloalkane is reacted with a dibromoalkane having both ends brominated in the presence of potassium carbonate in an isopropyl alcohol solvent to obtain spiroammonium bromide, and then the bromide is desalted by electrodialysis in water or alcohol. To give a spiro ammonium hydroxide solution.
[0023]
Next, an acid component corresponding to A in the general formula [1] is added to the obtained spiroammonium hydroxide solution in an equimolar amount to cause a neutralization reaction, followed by dehydration under reduced pressure. To obtain a spiro ammonium compound salt.
[0024]
As the conductivity-imparting agent of the present invention, a spiroammonium compound salt represented by the general formula [1] can be used alone, but in order to improve compatibility with a thermoplastic resin or rubber, the spiroammonium compound salt is used. At least one selected from the group consisting of a resin having a terminal hydroxyl group, that is, a polyether polyol having a terminal hydroxyl group, a polyalkylene glycol having a terminal hydroxyl group, and a graft copolymer of a polyethylene main chain having a terminal hydroxyl group and a polyalkylene oxide. After the seeds are added, the mixture is heated and kneaded.
[0025]
When a resin having a terminal hydroxyl group is added to the spiro ammonium compound salt represented by the general formula [1], the spiro ammonium compound salt is in the range of 1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin having a terminal hydroxyl group. Is added. When the amount is less than 1 part by mass or more than 50 parts by mass, conductivity is disadvantageously reduced.
[0026]
Next, the conductive material of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0027]
The conductive material of the present invention is obtained by adding the conductivity-imparting agent of the present invention to a thermoplastic resin or rubber.
[0028]
Examples of the thermoplastic resin used in the present invention include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene and compositions thereof, polyacetals, polyacrylates, acrylic resins and compositions thereof, and polyphenylene ether (hereinafter abbreviated as “PPE”). ), PPE / polystyrene, PPE / polyamide (hereinafter abbreviated as “PA”), PPE / polybutylene terephthalate (hereinafter abbreviated as “PBT”), and the like, and compositions thereof. Polyether ketone, polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter abbreviated as “PET”), polyester-based resins such as PBT / ABS and their compositions, polycarbonate (hereinafter abbreviated as “PC”), PC / ABS, PC / Polycarbonate such as PET, PC / PBT Sulphonate resins and compositions thereof, polyurethanes and compositions thereof, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyamideimide, polyphenylene sulfide-based resin and its composition, the polysulfone and the like.
[0029]
From the viewpoint of excellent conductivity, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, polyurethane resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, and epoxy resin are preferable, and at least one of these resins is used.
[0030]
Further, as the rubber used in the present invention, urethane rubber, acrylic rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide copolymer rubber, silicon rubber, fluoroolefin vinyl ether copolymer urethane rubber, styrene butadiene copolymer At least one selected from the group consisting of rubber and their foams is included.
[0031]
The conductive material of the present invention is used by adding a predetermined amount of the conductivity-imparting agent of the present invention to a thermoplastic resin or rubber, kneading the mixture, and shaping the film into a film, sheet, or roll.
[0032]
In the conductivity-imparting agent in the conductive material, the spiro ammonium compound salt represented by the general formula [1], which is an ionic conductive agent, is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin or rubber. It is added in the range as follows. When the amount is less than 0.1 part by mass, the conductivity of the obtained conductive material is insufficient. When the amount is more than 20 parts by mass, the conductivity is sufficient but bleeding is liable to occur. .
[0033]
The conductivity-imparting agent of the present invention contains a spiroammonium compound salt represented by the general formula [1] having a high ionic conductivity, and the conductive material to which the conductivity-imparting agent is added includes an ion by bleeding. There is no exudation of the conductive agent, excellent conductivity and flexibility, and long-term stable characteristics can be exhibited.
[0034]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not limited at all by an Example. In the examples, “parts” represents “parts by mass”.
[0035]
Example 1
Spiro- (1,1 ')-biaza, an ionic conductive agent, was added to 90 parts of a graft polymer of a polyethylene main chain having a terminal hydroxyl group and a polyalkylene oxide (molecular weight: 4,000, registered trademark of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Smide 300G). After adding 20 parts of cyclopentyl hexafluorophosphate, the mixture was heated and kneaded at a temperature of 70 ° C. to obtain a conductivity imparting agent.
[0036]
Then, 20 parts of the conductivity-imparting agent obtained above was added to 100 parts of an acrylic resin (Acrypet IR H-70, a registered trademark of Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.), which was a thermoplastic resin, and a test roll machine (Nissin Science) (HR-2 type manufactured by K.K.), and heated and kneaded at a temperature of 100 ° C. to obtain a conductive sheet having a thickness of 1 mm. In the conductive sheet, the addition amount of the ionic conductive agent is 3.6 parts with respect to 100 parts of the thermoplastic resin.
[0037]
The surface resistance of the obtained conductive sheet was measured using a surface resistance measuring device (HT-210 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation). Further, the conductive sheet was folded into two and left for 90 days in an environment of a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 80%, and then the surface of the ionic conductive agent was visually observed to check for bleed. Table 1 shows the results.
[0038]
Example 2
According to Example 1, 90 parts of a graft polymer of a polyethylene main chain and a polyalkylene oxide (Smied 300G) were added to 40 parts of spiro- (1,1 ′)-biazacyclohexyltetrafluoroborate as an ion conductive agent. Was added, and the mixture was heated and kneaded at a temperature of 70 ° C. to obtain a conductivity imparting agent.
[0039]
Then, to 100 parts of a thermoplastic resin, a polyurethane resin (registered trademark of Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc., Pandex T-8190N), was added 40 parts of the conductivity-imparting agent obtained above, and the test roll machine was used. The mixture was heated and kneaded at a temperature of 180 ° C. to obtain a conductive sheet having a thickness of 1 mm. In the conductive sheet, the addition amount of the ionic conductive agent is 12.3 parts with respect to 100 parts of the thermoplastic resin.
[0040]
Thereafter, the surface resistance and the presence or absence of bleed were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.
[0041]
Example 3
According to Example 1, 90 parts of a block copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (Pronon 102, a registered trademark of NOF Corporation) was added to azacycloheptane-1-spiro-1′-azacyclopentyl, an ion conductive agent. After adding 10 parts of trifluoromethanesulfonate, the mixture was heated and kneaded at a temperature of 70 ° C. to obtain a conductivity imparting agent.
[0042]
Then, to 100 parts of a polyester resin (polybutylene terephthalate manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) as a thermoplastic resin, 40 parts of the conductivity-imparting agent obtained above was added, and the mixture was heated at 250 ° C. in a test roll machine. To obtain a conductive sheet having a thickness of 1 mm. In the conductive sheet, the addition amount of the ionic conductive agent is 4 parts with respect to 100 parts of the thermoplastic resin.
[0043]
Thereafter, the surface resistance and the presence or absence of bleed were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.
[0044]
Example 4
According to Example 1, 90 parts of a block copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (Pronone 102) was added to 5 parts of azacycloheptane-1-spiro-1′-azacyclohexylhexafluoroantimonate as an ion conductive agent. Was added, and the mixture was heated and kneaded at a temperature of 70 ° C. to obtain a conductivity imparting agent.
[0045]
Next, 5 parts of the conductivity-imparting agent obtained above was added to 100 parts of a thermoplastic resin, a polyamide resin (nylon 612: Dianamid 1700, registered trademark of Daicel Huls Co., Ltd.). The resulting mixture was heated and kneaded at ℃ to obtain a conductive sheet having a thickness of 1 mm. In the conductive sheet, the addition amount of the ionic conductive agent is 0.3 part based on 100 parts of the thermoplastic resin.
[0046]
Thereafter, the surface resistance and the presence or absence of bleed were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.
[0047]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, a conductivity-imparting agent was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 20 parts of lithium perchlorate was used as the ionic conductive agent, and a conductive sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. In the conductive sheet, the addition amount of the ionic conductive agent is 3.6 parts with respect to 100 parts of the thermoplastic resin.
[0048]
Thereafter, the surface resistance and the presence or absence of bleed were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.
[0049]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 2, a conductivity-imparting agent was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 40 parts of tetraethylammonium periodate was used as the ion conductive agent, and a conductive sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2. In the conductive sheet, the addition amount of the ionic conductive agent is 12.3 parts with respect to 100 parts of the thermoplastic resin.
[0050]
Thereafter, the surface resistance and the presence or absence of bleed were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.
[0051]
[Table 1]
[0052]
Example 5
100 parts of urethane (Nipporan 5199, a registered trademark of Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd .; hereinafter abbreviated as "U"), which is an expandable rubber, is provided with spiro- (1,1 ')-biazacyclopentylhexafluoro which is an ion conductive agent. After adding 10 parts of phosphate and foaming and crosslinking by heating and kneading, the mixture was poured into a molding die to obtain a conductive foamed rubber molded article having a thickness of 12 mm.
[0053]
The rubber hardness of the obtained molded article was measured according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS K6253. Further, the specific resistance was measured by a specific resistance measuring instrument. Table 2 shows the results.
[0054]
Example 6
A conductive foamed rubber molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that 5 parts of azacyclohexane-1-spiro-1′-azacyclopentyltrifluoromethanesulfonate was used as the ion conductive agent. . Table 2 shows the measurement results of the rubber hardness and the specific resistance of the molded product.
[0055]
Example 7
In Example 5, 100 parts of epichlorohydrin rubber (Epichromer CG-102 manufactured by Daiso Co., Ltd .; hereinafter abbreviated as “EP”) was used as a foaming rubber, and azacyclopentane-1-spiro-1 was used as an ion conductive agent. A conductive foamed rubber molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that 2 parts of '-azacyclobutyltetrafluoroborate was used. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the rubber hardness and the specific resistance of the molded product.
[0056]
Example 8
In Example 5, 100 parts of acrylic (Acrylatex AE832 manufactured by JSR Corporation, hereinafter abbreviated as “ACM”) was used as the foaming rubber, and azacyclooctane-1-spiro-1 was used as the ion conductive agent. A conductive foamed rubber molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that 3 parts of '-azacyclohexylhexafluoroantimonate was used. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the rubber hardness and the specific resistance of the molded product.
[0057]
Comparative Example 3
A conductive foamed rubber molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that 30 parts of carbon black was used as the conductive agent. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the rubber hardness and the specific resistance of the molded product.
[0058]
Comparative Example 4
A conductive foamed rubber molded article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that lithium ion perchlorate (2 parts) was used as the ion conductive agent. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the rubber hardness and the specific resistance of the molded product.
[0059]
Comparative Example 5
In Example 5, a conductive foamed rubber molded article was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5, except that 100 parts of EP was used as the foaming rubber and 20 parts of titanium oxide (registered trademark Taipaek ET500W) was used as the conductive agent. Obtained. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the rubber hardness and the specific resistance of the molded product.
[0060]
[Table 2]
[0061]
As shown in Table 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 had high surface resistance and caused bleeding, whereas Example 1 in which the conductivity-imparting agent of the present invention containing a spiroammonium compound salt was added. The conductive sheets shown in Nos. 1 to 4 have low surface resistance and do not generate bleed.
[0062]
Further, as shown in Table 2, the conductive foamed rubbers of Comparative Examples 3 to 5 to which carbon black, lithium perchlorate, and titanium oxide were added as the conductivity imparting agents had high rubber hardness and high specific resistance. On the other hand, the conductive foamed rubbers of Examples 5 to 8 to which the conductivity imparting agent of the present invention is added have low rubber hardness, low specific resistance, and excellent flexibility and conductivity.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
The conductivity-imparting agent of the present invention contains a spiro ammonium compound salt having high ionic conductivity, and the conductive material to which the conductivity-imparting agent is added does not exude the ionic conductive agent by bleeding, and It has excellent properties and flexibility and can exhibit stable characteristics for a long time.
Claims (7)
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2008163273A (en) * | 2007-01-04 | 2008-07-17 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | Conductivity imparting agent and conductive material |
WO2008053221A3 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-12-31 | Astrazeneca Ab | Process for preparing indol- 5 -oxy- quinazoline derivatives and intermediates |
JP2012220576A (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-11-12 | Canon Inc | Charging member, process cartridge and electrophotographic device |
AU2012204077B2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2012-11-29 | Astrazeneca Ab | Process for preparing indol-5-oxy-quinazoline derivatives and intermediates |
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2003
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2008053221A3 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-12-31 | Astrazeneca Ab | Process for preparing indol- 5 -oxy- quinazoline derivatives and intermediates |
JP2010508340A (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2010-03-18 | アストラゼネカ アクチボラグ | Process for preparing indole-5-oxy-quinazoline derivatives and intermediates |
US7851623B2 (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2010-12-14 | Astrazeneca Ab | Chemical process |
AU2012204077B2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2012-11-29 | Astrazeneca Ab | Process for preparing indol-5-oxy-quinazoline derivatives and intermediates |
US8754240B2 (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2014-06-17 | Astrazeneca Ab | Process for the manufacture of 4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-ol |
JP2008163273A (en) * | 2007-01-04 | 2008-07-17 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | Conductivity imparting agent and conductive material |
JP2012220576A (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-11-12 | Canon Inc | Charging member, process cartridge and electrophotographic device |
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