JP2004268683A - Mooring system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the resonance of a mooring system. <P>SOLUTION: This system is constituted of a ground side fixing structural body 2 supported by the ground by receiving waves, a damping structural body 4 interposed between the ground side fixing structural body 2 and a vessel 3, a first motion limiting body 6 for allowing motion between the damping structural body 4 and the vessel 3 in a spatial allowing range, and a second motion limiting body 5 for allowing motion between the vessel 3 and the ground side fixing structural body 2 in the spatial allowing range. The damping structural body 4 oscillating in a vertical shaft direction together with the vessel 3 damps the motion energy of the vertical shaft direction of the vessel 3 by its own damping performance. As a result, continuous damping breaks a generation condition of long period resonance in real time and is capable of effectively suppressing the resonance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mooring system, and more particularly to a mooring system for stably mooring a ship on a quay.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Ships carrying goods are moored at the port quay. The goods are transferred bidirectionally between the ship moored at the quay and the quayside equipment. In recent years, there have been reported many cases in which a ship moored in a calm bay is largely shaken in a long cycle and a mooring line (including a mooring chain) is broken. Such a strange phenomenon is regarded as important by port officials. Long-period components of waves, fluctuating wave drifting forces, and sub-harmonic motions are considered as causes of such external phenomena. A common physical cause of these causes is the natural period resonance of the mooring system. The breakwater installed at the bay entrance has a wave shielding effect, but if the deadline is increased, the water quality in the bay deteriorates, so it is inevitable to provide a bay entrance of a certain size. Long-period waves enter the bay with little attenuation, and there is currently no appropriate countermeasure other than suspending cargo handling when long-period oscillations occur.
[0003]
There is a need to establish a technique to suppress the occurrence of resonance in the mooring system.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2000-335485 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a mooring system capable of establishing a technique for suppressing occurrence of resonance of a mooring system.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for solving the problem are expressed as follows. The technical items appearing in the expression are appended with numbers, symbols, etc. in parentheses (). The numbers, symbols, and the like are technical items that constitute at least one embodiment or a plurality of embodiments of the embodiments or the embodiments of the present invention, in particular, the embodiments or the embodiments. Corresponds to the reference numbers, reference symbols, and the like assigned to the technical matters expressed in the drawings corresponding to. Such reference numbers and reference symbols clarify the correspondence and bridging between the technical matters described in the claims and the technical matters of the embodiments or examples. Such correspondence / bridge does not mean that the technical matters described in the claims are interpreted as being limited to the technical matters of the embodiments or the examples.
[0007]
A mooring system according to the present invention includes a ground-side fixed structure (2) receiving a wave and supported on a ground, and a damping structure interposed between the ground-side fixed structure (2) and a ship (3). (4), a first motion restricting body (6) that allows a motion between the damping structure (4) and the ship (3) within a spatially allowable range, and a ship (3) and a ground-side fixed structure ( And (2) a second movement restricting body (5) that allows the movement within a spatially allowable range.
[0008]
The damping structure (4), which swings in the vertical direction along with the ship, attenuates the kinetic energy of the ship in the vertical direction due to its own damping performance. The constant damping can effectively suppress resonance.
[0009]
The first movement restricting body (5) is preferably a mooring cable or a mooring cable. A mooring line is a type of mooring line. The second movement restricting body (5) is preferably a mooring cable (5) provided between the ground-side fixed structure (2) and the ship (3). The ship (3) moored on the ground side is allowed to swing to some extent, and the energy of the swing is attenuated by the damping structure (4). Preferably, the damping structure (4) has a wave damping structure. The wave attenuating structure has wave attenuating properties such as a main body shape, a plate structure, and a maze shown in FIGS.
[0010]
Preferably, the second movement restricting body (6) is a mooring cable (5 ') interposed between the ground-side fixed structure (2) and the damping structure (4). Such a mooring cable chain includes a mooring cable chain (5 ′) interposed between the ground-side fixed structure (2) and the damping structure (4), the damping structure (4), and the ship (3). ) Is more preferably formed from the mooring cable (6 ′) interposed between them in order to improve the damping property.
[0011]
The mooring system according to the invention comprises a damping structure body (18), a moving body (4 ') moving relative to the damping structure body (18), a damping structure body (18) and a moving body (4'). A damping structure interposed between the damping structure body (18) and the moving body (4 ') for damping a relative movement between the moving body (18) and the moving body (4'); It is composed of The damping structure is the presence of a liquid interposed between the damping structure body (18) and the moving body (4 '). Alternatively, the damping structure is the presence of frictional resistance between the moving body (4 ') and the damping structure body (18). The damping structure body (18) is fixed to the ground. The addition of a movement restricting body that allows the movement between the ground fixed structure and the ship in a spatially allowable range is more preferable for the stability of the hull.
[0012]
The damping structure body (18) can be fixed to the ground by buoyancy (FIG. 19) and swinging within a spatially allowable range. The damping structure body (18) can be fixed to the quay. The mooring structure may be the presence of mooring lines that allow the motion between the ship and the vehicle (4 ') to be within spatial tolerances. The damping structure may be the presence of a liquid interposed between the damping structure body (18) and the moving body (4 '). In this case, the moving body (4 ') is configured as a floating body floating on the liquid, and it is effective that the floating body has a wave attenuating structure for attenuating waves generated in the liquid. Such a damping structure using a liquid can be equally substituted for the damping structure (4) described above.
[0013]
The wave attenuating structure may be variously configured, and may be a plate (11) positioned vertically below the liquid level and coupled to the floating body. In the wave attenuation structure, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the floating body (9 in FIG. 6) is trapezoidal, and the trapezoid has a shape in which the upper surface area is smaller than the lower surface area. The wave damping structure may be a maze (14-17) located vertically below the liquid level and coupled to the floating body. The maze (14-17) may be an orifice (16) connected in a chain to a plurality.
[0014]
The mooring system according to the present invention comprises a ground-side fixing structure (18) receiving a wave and supported on the ground, and a damping structure. The damping structure includes a ground-side fixed damping structure (18), a movable-side damping structure (4 ') that moves relative to the ground-side fixed damping structure (18), and a movable-side damping structure (4'). And a movement restricting body which allows movement between the ship and the ship (3) in a spatially allowable range. The movement restrictor may be a tether (21). The ground-side fixed structure (18) may be a quay being constructed in a port. It is effective that the damping structure further includes another movement restricting body that allows movement between the ground-side fixing structure (18) and the ship (3) within a spatially allowable range. Another such movement restrictor may be a tether (19).
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Corresponding to the figure, the mooring system according to the present invention is interposed between a ground-side fixed structure (hereinafter referred to as a quay) and a ship. As shown in FIG. 1, the mooring structure 1 includes a damped floating body 4, a first mooring rope 5, and a second mooring rope 6 provided between the quay 2 and the ship 3. . Here, the mooring cable chain allows the relative movement between the two floats in a spatially allowable range and restricts the relative movement between the two floats outside the spatial allowable range, and both ends have a maximum between both ends. An object that can move freely between a distance and a minimum distance. The damping floating bodies 4 are arranged between the quay 2 and the ship 3 in the longitudinal direction of the ship 3.
[0016]
A plurality of first mooring cable chains 5 are interposed between the quay 2 and the ship 3. One end of the first mooring cable 5 is fixed to the quay 2, and the other end of the first mooring cable 5 is fixed to the ship 3. The second mooring cable 6 has its prested line fixed to the damping floating body 4. A plurality of (for example, two) second mooring ropes 6 are used, and the two cross each other. One end of the second mooring cable 6 is fixed to the damping floating body 4, and the other end of the second mooring cable 6 is fixed to the ship 3. A first fender 7 is provided between the quay 2 and the damped floating body 4, and a second fender 8 is provided between the damped floating body 4 and the ship 3.
[0017]
The damping floating body 4 oscillates with respect to the ship 3. The sway is a roll, which is a rotational motion about the vertical axis, a surge, which is a translational motion in the vertical axis, a sway, which is a translational motion in the horizontal axis, a pitch about the horizontal axis, and a heave, which is a translational motion in the vertical direction. , A combination of six yaw movements, which are rotational movements about a vertical line. The movement of the damping floating body 4 is mainly a surge. The damping floating body 4 has damping properties mainly with respect to the longitudinal linear motion. The marine vessel 3 moving cooperatively with the damping floating body 4 is affected by the longitudinal damping effect of the damping floating body 4. The ship 3 suppresses amplification of long-period resonance by its damping effect.
[0018]
FIGS. 2 to 6 show various known damping structures for increasing the wave-making damping of the damping floating body 4. These damping structures are structures recently developed by the applicant company, and their damping effects have been confirmed. FIG. 2 shows the damped floating body 4 composed of the floating body 9 and the damping plate 11 protruding horizontally on one side on the bottom side of the floating body 9. FIG. 3 shows the damping floating body 4 in which a damping hole 12 is formed in a boundary region between the main body surface of the floating body 9 and the damping plate 11. FIG. 4 shows the damped floating body 4 in which the two damping plates 11 described above are arranged in the vertical axis direction (front-back direction). FIG. 5 shows the damping floating body 4 in which the above-described damping holes 12 are formed in the two damping plates 11. FIG. 6 shows the damped floating body 4 in which the vertical cross section of the floating body 5 is trapezoidal. Here, the trapezoid means that the area on the upper surface side is smaller than the area on the lower surface side.
[0019]
7 to 18 show various known damping structures for increasing the drag resistance. These damping structures are structures recently developed by the applicant company, and their damping effects have been confirmed. FIG. 7 shows the damped floating body 4 composed of the floating body 9 and a damping plate 11 ′ projecting vertically downward on one side on the bottom side of the floating body 9.
[0020]
FIG. 8 shows the damped floating body 4 in which a damping hole 12 ′ is formed in a boundary region between the main body surface of the floating body 9 and the damping plate 11 ′. FIG. 9 shows the damped floating body 4 in which the two damping plates 11 ′ described above are arranged in the vertical axis direction (front-back direction). FIG. 10 shows the damping floating body 4 in which the aforementioned damping holes 12 ′ are formed in the two damping plates 11 ′.
[0021]
FIG. 11 shows the damped floating body 4 composed of the floating body 9 and a number of damping plates 11 ′ projecting vertically downward from the bottom surface of the floating body 9. FIG. 14 shows the damping floating body 4 in which the aforementioned damping holes 12 ′ are formed in each of the many damping plates 11 ′. FIG. 15 shows an attenuated floating body 4 composed of a two-layered floating body 13 arranged vertically and a multi-row column group 14 connecting the two layers.
[0022]
Fig. 12 shows an improvement of the damping plate 11 ". The damping plate 11" is formed by a vertical portion and a horizontal portion, and the horizontal portion is defined by a vertical line extending from a leading portion or a trailing portion of the vertical portion. Extending in the direction. FIG. 13 shows a damping plate 11 ″ in which two damping holes 12 ″ are formed in the damping plate 11 ″ of FIG. 12. A uniform damping hole 12 ″ is provided between the vertical part and the bottom surface of the floating body 9. The other damping holes 12 "are located between the vertical and horizontal sections.
[0023]
FIG. 16 shows the damped floating body 4 composed of the two-layered floating body 13 and the multi-hole structure film 15 connecting between the two layers. FIG. 17 shows a damping floating body 4 composed of a two-layer floating body 13 and a chain structure of a number of orifices 16 connecting between the two layers. FIG. 18 shows the damped floating body 4 composed of the two-layered floating body 13 and the maze structure 17 connecting the two layers. The multi-row cylinder group 14, the multi-hole structure film 15, and the orifice 16 are equivalent to a maze structure with respect to the flow of fluid.
[0024]
FIG. 19 shows another embodiment of the mooring system according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, the first mooring cable 5 ′ and the second mooring cable 6 ′ are replaced with the first mooring cable 5 and the second mooring cable 6 of the above-described embodiment, respectively. Used. A plurality of first mooring ropes 5 ′ are interposed between the quay 2 and the damped floating body 4. One end of the first mooring cable 5 ′ is fixed to the quay 2, and the other end of the first mooring cable 5 ′ is fixed to the damping floating body 4. The second mooring cable chain 6 ′ is fixed to the damping floating body 4. A plurality of (for example, four) second mooring strands 6 'are used, and two of the four cross each other. One end of the second mooring line 6 ′ is fixed to the damping floating body 4, and the other end of the second mooring line 6 ′ is fixed to the ship 3. The damping effect of the present embodiment is substantially equivalent to the damping effect of the embodiment of FIG.
[0025]
FIG. 20 shows still another embodiment of the mooring system according to the present invention. The damping structure according to the present embodiment does not have a damping property based on an external reaction to the outside world (external water), but has a damping property based on an internal reaction. The mooring structure 1 includes a damping vessel (damping structure main body) 18, a damping floating body 4 ′ in the vessel, a third mooring cable 19 and a fourth mooring cable 21. The third mooring cable 19 is interposed between the quay 2 and the ship 3. The in-vessel attenuation floating body 4 ′ is an in-vessel floating body that floats on the liquid (seawater) injected into the attenuation vessel 18. The fourth mooring cable 21 is interposed between the in-vessel damped floating body 4 ′ and the vessel 3. As the in-vessel damping floating body 4 ', the above-described damping floating body 4 shown in FIGS. 2 to 18 can be used as it is.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 21, the attenuation container 18 is fixed to the sea floor (ground). The in-vessel damping floating body 4 ′ is guided by a guide rail (not shown) fixed to the damping vessel 18, and can move in the longitudinal direction of the vessel 3. It is preferable that the damping floating body 4 'in the container moves by frictionally contacting the guide rail, or a friction sliding member is interposed between the guide rail and the damping floating body 4' in the container. Is preferred. It is possible that the outer surface of the in-vessel damper 4 'or the inner surface of the in-vessel damper 4' is a friction surface.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 21, the upper end portion 22 of the in-vessel damping floating body 4 ′ projects vertically upward from the ceiling of the damping vessel 18. At the upper end portion 22, a mooring chain chain securing device 23 is attached. One end of each of the fourth mooring cable chains 21 is fixed to a mooring cable chain securing device 23.
[0028]
The mooring structure 1 further configures a plurality of motion limiters 24. The motion limiter 24 is fixed to the sea floor. A fender 25 is interposed between the motion limiter 24 and the boat 3. The ship 3 which receives the tension pulled back to the quay side by the third mooring chains 19 on both sides is elastically joined to the motion limiter 24 via the fender 25. The plurality of motion limiters 24 substantially limit the motion of the ship 3 in the direction of the vertical axis.
[0029]
The in-vessel damped floating body 4 ′ swings in the direction of the longitudinal axis substantially in the same manner as the ship 3. The damped floating body 4 'in the container receives the damping effect as described above. The damping effect in this case is exhibited in the damping container 18. The damping effect propagates to the vessel 3 via the fourth mooring cable 21 and is moored by the third mooring cable 19, the damping floating body 4 ′ in the vessel, the damping vessel 18, and the fourth mooring cable 21. Suppresses long-period resonance amplification of the system.
[0030]
FIG. 22 shows still another embodiment of the mooring system according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, the attenuation container 18 is grounded to the quay 2. A plurality of fenders 26 are arranged in the longitudinal direction between the quay 2 and the ship 3 and are fixed to the side surface of the quay 2. As shown in FIG. 23, the mooring relationship between the in-vessel attenuated floating body 4 ', the fourth mooring cable 21 and the ship 3 is exactly the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. The physical system that suppresses the amplification of the long-period resonance of the mooring system is exactly the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. In the present embodiment, the ship 3 can be brought closest to the quay 2. Part of the attenuation container 18 is embedded in the quay 2.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
The mooring system according to the present invention establishes a technology for suppressing the occurrence of resonance of the mooring system, suppresses the amplification of long-period resonance, and stabilizes the ship to a quay or other ground-side fixed structure (including a rocking structure). Can be moored.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a mooring system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a damped floating body.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing another damped floating body.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 12 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 13 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 14 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 15 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 16 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 17 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 18 is a front view showing still another damped floating body.
FIG. 19 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the mooring system according to the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a plan view showing still another embodiment of the mooring system according to the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a side sectional view of FIG. 20;
FIG. 22 is a plan view showing still another embodiment of the mooring system according to the present invention.
FIG. 23 is a side sectional view of FIG. 22;
[Explanation of symbols]
2 ... ground side fixed structure 3 ... ship 4 ... damping structure 4 'moving body 5 ... second movement restricting body 5' mooring cable 6 ... first movement restricting body 11 ... plate 14 ... multi-row cylinder group 15 ... -Multi-hole structure 16 ... Orifice 17 ... Maze structure 18 ... Body (ground-side fixed damping structure)
19 ... mooring rope

Claims (28)

A ground-side fixed structure that receives the waves and is supported by the ground,
A damping structure interposed between the ground-side fixed structure and the ship,
A first motion restricting body that allows a motion between the damping structure and the ship in a spatially allowable range;
A mooring system comprising: a second movement restricting body that allows movement between the ship and the ground-side fixed structure within a spatially allowable range. The mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the damping structure includes a damping structure for damping waves around the vessel. The mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the first motion restricting body is a mooring line. The mooring system according to claim 3, wherein the second movement restricting body is a mooring line provided between the ground-side fixed structure and the vessel. The mooring line is
A mooring line interposed between the ground-side fixed structure and the damping structure,
The mooring system according to claim 4, further comprising a mooring line interposed between the damping structure and the vessel. The mooring system according to claim 1, further comprising a third movement restricting body that allows movement between the damping structure and the ground-side fixed structure within a spatially allowable range. 7. The mooring system according to claim 6, wherein the third movement restricting body is a mooring line. The damping structure forms a wave damping structure;
The mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the wave damping structure is a plate located vertically below the liquid surface and coupled to the damping structure. In the wave attenuation structure, a vertical cross-sectional shape of the attenuation structure is a trapezoid,
The mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the trapezoid has a shape in which an upper surface area is smaller than a lower surface area. The mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the wave damping structure is a maze located vertically below a liquid level and coupled to the damping structure. A damping structure body,
A moving body that moves relatively to the damping structure body;
A damping structure interposed between the damping structure body and the moving body to dampen relative movement between the damping structure body and the moving body;
A mooring system for mooring a ship to the moving body. Ground fixed structure,
The mooring system according to claim 11, further comprising a movement restricting body that allows a movement between the ground fixed structure and the ship in a spatially allowable range. 13. The mooring system according to claim 12, wherein the damping structure is a liquid interposed between the damping structure main body and the moving body. The mooring system according to claim 12, wherein the damping structure is a frictional resistance between the moving body and the damping structure body. The mooring system according to claim 12, wherein the damping structure body is fixed to the ground. The mooring system according to claim 15, wherein the damping structure body is fixed to a quay. 13. The mooring system according to claim 12, wherein the damping structure main body receives buoyancy and oscillates within a spatially allowable range and is fixed to the ground. The mooring system according to claim 12, wherein the mooring structure is a mooring line that allows a motion between the ship and the moving body within a spatially allowable range. The damping structure is the presence of a liquid interposed between the main body and the moving body, wherein the moving body is a floating body floating on the liquid,
The mooring system of claim 12, wherein the floating body attenuates movement of the floating body. 20. The mooring system according to claim 19, wherein the wave attenuating structure is a plate located vertically below the liquid surface of the liquid and coupled to the floating body. In the wave attenuation structure, a vertical cross-sectional shape of the floating body is trapezoidal,
20. The mooring system according to claim 19, wherein the trapezoid has a shape in which an upper surface side area is smaller than a lower surface side area. 20. The mooring system according to claim 19, wherein the wave attenuating structure is a maze located vertically below a liquid level of the liquid and coupled to the floating body. 23. The mooring system of claim 22, wherein the maze is an orifice connected in a chain. Ground-side fixed structure that receives waves and is supported by the ground,
With a damping structure,
The damping structure comprises:
Ground-side fixed damping structure,
A movable damping structure that moves with respect to the ground fixed damping structure,
A mooring system comprising: a movement restricting body that allows movement between the movable damping structure and a ship within a spatially allowable range. 25. The mooring system according to claim 24, wherein the movement restricting body is a mooring line. 26. The mooring system according to claim 25, wherein the ground-side fixing structure is a quay constructed in a harbor. 25. The mooring system according to claim 24, wherein the damping structure further includes another movement restricting body that allows a movement between the ground-side fixed structure and the vessel within a spatially allowable range. 28. The mooring system according to claim 27, wherein said another movement restricting body is a mooring line.

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