JP2004260070A - Foamed polishing material and polishing method using the same - Google Patents

Foamed polishing material and polishing method using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004260070A
JP2004260070A JP2003051004A JP2003051004A JP2004260070A JP 2004260070 A JP2004260070 A JP 2004260070A JP 2003051004 A JP2003051004 A JP 2003051004A JP 2003051004 A JP2003051004 A JP 2003051004A JP 2004260070 A JP2004260070 A JP 2004260070A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
polishing
foam
wafer
folds
foamed
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JP2003051004A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeshi Furukawa
剛 古川
Yoshinori Masaki
義則 政木
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003051004A priority Critical patent/JP2004260070A/en
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  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polishing foam which has polishing speed and uniformity both higher than in a polishing method using a pad in a process of flattening the surface of a semiconductor wafer, and a polishing method using the foamed material. <P>SOLUTION: The foamed polishing material is formed on its polishing surface with a scalelike pleat by dressing. Preferably, the surface roughness of the foamed material formed with the scalelike pleat has an arithmetic average value of 2-40 μm. The air bubbles in the material preferably have an average diameter of 0.1-100 μm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、半導体、各種メモリーハードディスク用基板等の研磨方法に関し、その中でも特に層間絶縁膜や金属配線等の、半導体デバイスウエハの表面平坦化加工に好適に用いられる研磨用発泡体と、その研磨用発泡体を用いた研磨方法に関するものである。
【従来の技術】
半導体のデバイスウエハの表面平坦化加工に用いられる、代表的なプロセスである化学的機械的研磨法(CMP)の一例を図1に示す。定盤(2)、試料ホルダー(5)を回転させ、研磨スラリー(4)をスラリー供給用配管(10)を通して供給しながら、半導体ウエハ(1)を研磨パッド(6)表面に押しあてることにより、デバイス表面を研磨し、高精度に平坦化するというものである。なお通常は、研磨前、あるいは研磨中において、一般的にドレッサーと呼ばれる工具(3)を回転させながら研磨パッド(6)表面に押しあててドレス処理を行うことにより、研磨パッド(6)に内包されている空孔を開口させる。研磨条件はもとより、研磨パッド(6)の表面状態は、被加工面の仕上がり状態に大きな影響を及ぼす。
【0002】
従来から、加工品の表面を平坦化する方法としては、例えば、空隙スペースを有する中空高分子微小エレメントを含む高分子基材(例えば、特許文献1参照。)を用いて研磨する方法が代表的であった。従来法においては、研磨前、あるいは研磨中において、ダイヤモンドディスク等によるドレス処理が通常は行われる。
従来の研磨に用いられる高分子基材の代表例の一つであるロデール社製研磨パッド(商品名:IC1000)のドレス処理後の表面状態像を図5に示す。図5から明らかなように、従来の研磨方法においては、ドレス処理により、中空高分子微小エレメントのシェルが破れて内部の空孔が開口し、研磨スラリーの保持能力が発現するというものであった。
【0003】
従来の研磨パッドにおいては、中空高分子微小エレメントの分散状態が悪いと、表面粗さや開口率が研磨面内においてばらつく、つまりは表面状態が不安定であるという問題を有しており、その結果、例えば半導体ウエハ上のデバイス表面を研磨した場合などは、被加工面の仕上がり状態がウエハ面内において、さらにはウエハ面間においてもばらつき安く、均一性が低いという点が大きな問題であった。
エレクトロニクス業界の最近の著しい発展により、トランジスター、IC、LSI、超LSIと進化してきている。これら半導体素子における回路の集積度が急激に増大するにつれて、半導体デバイスのデザインルールは年々微細化が進み、デバイス製造プロセスでの焦点深度は浅くなってきており、その結果、パターン形成面に求められる平坦化レベルはますます厳しくなってきている。同時にウエハの大口径化も進行し、加工するデバイスウエハ面内の平坦性のばらつきをいかに抑えるか、つまりはウエハ面内での均一性をいかに向上させるかが大きな課題となっており、従来パッドを上回る高い均一性を有する研磨パッドおよび研磨方法が大望されている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特許第3013105号
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、従来の研磨方法における、ドレス後の表面状態の不安定さに起因する性能ばらつきを改善し、均一性を向上させるためのもので、その目的とするところは、平坦化加工に好適な、従来品とは全く異なる表面状態を形成することができる研磨用発泡体および該研磨用発泡体を用いた、均一性の高い研磨方法を提供することにある。
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記従来の問題点を鑑み、鋭意検討を重ねた結果、以下の手段により、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
すなわち本発明は、
(1)ドレス処理により、研磨面に鱗状のひだが形成されることを特徴とする研磨用発泡体。
(2)前記鱗状のひだが形成された研磨用発泡体表面の表面粗さの算術平均値が2〜40μmである請求項1に記載の研磨用発泡体。
(3) 発泡体の気泡の平均径が0.1〜100μmである第(1)又は(2)の研磨用発泡体、
(4)主な構成原料が熱可塑性エラストマーである(1)〜(3)の研磨用発泡体。
(5)熱可塑性エラストマーがポリウレタンである(4)の研磨用発泡体。
(6)(1)〜(5)の研磨用発泡体を用いた研磨方法。
(7)(1)〜(5)の研磨用発泡体を用いた半導体デバイスウエハの表面の研磨方法。
である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の研磨用発泡体表面に、ドレス処理により形成した鱗状のひだの一例を図2及び図3に示す。この鱗状のひだによる研磨の厳密な機構は解明されていないが、本発明者らは、この鱗状のひだが介在することで、被加工物表面と研磨面の間に研磨スラリーが入り込みやすくなり、被加工物表面全域に均等に研磨スラリーが行き渡るようになった結果として、従来品と比べて均一性が向上するものと推察している。
なお本発明のドレス処理には、従来のドレス処理に用いられてきたものと同じ、例えば電着やろう付け等によりダイヤモンド砥粒を固定したドレッサーと呼ばれる工具を用いることができる。
具体的には、例えば純水を供給し、ドレッサーを回転させながら、本発明の研磨用発泡体表面に圧しあてるという従来と同じドレス処理を施すことにより、本発明の鱗状のひだは容易に形成することができる。ドレス処理は、研磨前に行っても良いし、又は研磨中に被加工物の研磨と併行で行っても良い。
【0008】
本発明の鱗状のひだが形成された研磨用発泡体表面の表面粗さについては特に限定しないが、特に半導体ウエハ上のデバイス表面を研磨する場合のように高い均一性が求められる場合、算術平均粗さは、好ましくは2〜40μm、さらに好ましくは3〜30μm、最も好ましくは4〜20μmである。
算術平均粗さが2μm未満であると、研磨用発泡体表面が平滑面に近づく。その結果、スラリーの流れ込みを促進する機能が低下し、均一性の低下を招くので好ましくない。逆に形成した鱗状のひだが粗く、算術平均粗さが50μmを超えると、研磨用発泡体表面の凹凸が激しくなり、研磨性能が経時的に変動し易くなる。つまりはウエハ面内および面間において被加工物表面の仕上がり状態がばらつきやすくなり、均一性の低下を招くので好ましくない。
【0009】
本発明の研磨用発泡体表面に鱗状のひだを形成するにあたり、発泡体の気泡は大きな役割を果たす。該気泡のサイズは特に限定しないが、高い均一性が求められる精密な研磨に好適な鱗状のひだを形成する点において、気泡の平均径は好ましくは0.1〜100μm、より好ましくは0.5〜70μm、最も好ましくは1〜50μmである。
気泡の平均径が0.1μm未満であると、例えば研磨スラリー中に砥粒が含まれる場合はその砥粒の凝集物や、また研磨の進行に伴い発生する研磨屑等により気泡が目詰まりし易い。その結果、形成される鱗状のひだの状態が研磨面内においてばらつきやすくなり、均一性が低下するので好ましくない。逆に気泡が粗大になり、その平均径が100μmを超えた場合は、形成されるひだも粗雑になる。その結果、均一性が著しく低下し、精密な研磨が困難となるので好ましくない。
【0010】
なお、研磨用発泡体に含まれる気泡の直径は、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)の断面像から計測した。倍率300倍の断面像に含まれる気泡一つ一つの直径を計測し、全気泡の直径の平均値を算出した。断面における気泡の形状が真円でなく、例えば楕円形、もしくはいびつな多角形形状の場合は、円相当直径をその気泡の直径とした。
本発明の研磨用発泡体の主な構成原料は特に限定しない。ポリウレタン、ポリスチレン、ポリエステル、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ナイロン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリブテン、ポリアセタール、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリアリレート、芳香族系ポリサルホン、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、フッ素樹脂、エチレン−プロピレン樹脂、エチレン−エチルアクリレート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ノルボルネン系樹脂、例えば、ビニルポリイソプレン−スチレン共重合体、ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体、アクリロニトリル−スチレン共重合体、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体等に代表されるスチレン共重合体、あるいは天然ゴム、合成ゴム等を用いることができる。これらは単独で用いても良いし、混合あるいは共重合させてもよいが、研磨特性に大きな影響を及ぼす耐摩耗性や圧縮率等の基本物性を比較的容易に制御できるという点から、例えばウレタン系やオレフィン系等の熱可塑性エラストマーが好適である。その中でも、本発明の鱗状のひだを従来と同じドレス処理により容易に作り出せるという点において、熱可塑性ポリウレタンエラストマーが最も好ましい。
【0011】
なお、本発明の研磨用発泡体表面には、必要に応じて溝加工を施すことができる。溝の形状は特に限定しないが、例えば平行、格子状、同心円状、さらには渦巻き状等、随時選定することができる。表面に溝を施すことにより、研磨面全域に研磨スラリーがより行き渡り安くなり、さらに均一性の向上が図れるという点において好適である。
【実施例】
以下に、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は、実施例の内容になんら限定されるものではない。
【0012】
<研磨用発泡体の製造装置>
本発明の実施例で使用した研磨用発泡体の製造装置の概略図を図6に示す。バレル径50mm、L/D=32の第一押出機(11)とバレル径65mm、L/D=36の第二押出機(12)を中空の単管(16)で連結したタンデム型押出機の先端に、リップ幅300mmの金型(13)を取り付けた。
発泡剤としては二酸化炭素を用いた。ボンベ(17)から取り出した後に、ガスブースターポンプ(18)により昇圧した二酸化炭素を、第一押出機(11)の中央前寄りに取り付けた注入口(14)を通して注入した。
【0013】
<研磨パッドの作製>
(実施例1)
原料としては大日精化製熱可塑性ポリウレタンエラストマー(商品名:レザミンP−4250)に、該樹脂との相溶性が高く、また可塑剤としての効果を発現する大日精化製架橋剤(商品名:クロスネートEM−30)を3重量%混合したものを第一押出機中に投入し、研磨用発泡体を作製した。成形条件を表1に示す。
幅200mm、長さ600mmの大きさに切断した該研磨用発泡体3枚を、クッション性を有する発泡ポリエチレンを基材とした倉本産業製両面テープ(商品名:セブンタック)と貼り合わせた後に、直径600mmφの円盤状に切り抜いた。その後、ショーダテクトロン社製クロスワイズソーを用いて、幅2mm、深さ0.6mmの溝を、溝間隔13mmで発泡体表面に格子状に施し、研磨パッドを作製した。
【0014】
なお、研磨用発泡体の発泡層断面をHITACHI製走査型電子顕微鏡S−2400で観察し、倍率300倍の画像に含まれる気泡一つ一つの直径を計測し、全気泡の直径の平均値を算出した。平均径を表3に示す。
気泡の断面形状が真円でなく、例えば楕円形、もしくはいびつな多角形形状の場合は、円相当直径をその気泡の直径とした。
(実施例2)
研磨用発泡体の成形条件を変更した以外は実施例1と全く同様にして、研磨パッドを作製した。成形条件を表1に示す。実施例1と同様にして算出した、研磨用発泡体に含まれる気泡の平均径を表3に示す。
【0015】
(比較例1)
実施例1と同じ原料を用い、表1に示した、発泡剤である二酸化炭素を注入しない条件において無発泡基材を成形した後に、実施例1と全く同様にして研磨面に溝加工を施し、研磨パッドを作製した。
(比較例2)
研磨パッドとして、幅2mm、深さ0.6mmの溝を、溝間隔13mmで格子状に施されたロデール社製IC1000を、同社のSuba400と貼り合わせて使用した。
【0016】
【表1】

Figure 2004260070
【0017】
<研磨性能評価>
(実施例)および(比較例)の研磨パッドをMAT製片面研磨機ARW−681MSの定盤に貼り付け、ダイヤモンド粒子を電着固定した番手#100のドレッサーを用いてドレスをかけた後、キャボット社製研磨スラリー(商品名:iCue5003)を供給しながら直径200mmφのCuベタウエハ表面を研磨した。
通常、バージン品に対して最初にかけるドレスをイニシャルドレス、研磨を開始してからウエハとウエハを研磨する間にかけるドレスを単にドレスと呼んで両社を区別する。本発明の(実施例)および(比較例)の研磨パッド全てにおいて、表2に示すイニシャルドレス条件、ドレス条件および研磨条件に従って研磨性能評価を実施した。
【0018】
【表2】
Figure 2004260070
【0019】
ドレス後の、つまりウエハを研磨する直前における実施例および比較例の研磨パッドの表面状態をHITACHI製走査型電子顕微鏡S−2400で観察した。倍率100倍の顕微鏡像を図2〜5に示す。
算術平均粗さは、Kasaka Laboratory Ltd.製表面粗さ測定器(商品名:サーフコーダSE1200)を使用し、JIS B0601−1994に準じたJIS94の規格に従って測定した。測定結果を表3に示す。ドレス後、実施例の研磨用発泡体表面には鱗状のひだが形成されていることが確認されたが、同じ原料系を用いて作製した比較例1および従来パッドの代表例である比較例2表面には鱗状のひだが確認されず、実施例と比較例を比べると、両者の表面状態は明らかに異なっていた。
【0020】
研磨後のウエハを洗浄、乾燥後、シート抵抗測定機を用いてウエハ面内49点のCu膜厚を測定し、研磨速度の平均値および均一性の指標として研磨速度のウエハ面内におけるばらつきを算出した。
なお、研磨速度のウエハ面内におけるばらつきとして、49点の研磨速度の最大値から最小値を引いた値を平均値の2倍で除した値を100倍した値を用いた。その値が大きいほど均一性が低いことを意味する。
実施例および比較例の研磨パッドの研磨性能評価結果を表3に示す。
【0021】
【表3】
Figure 2004260070
【0022】
実施例と比較例1との比較において、気泡の有無がドレス後の表面状態に影響を及ぼすことが確認された。気泡を内包していない比較例1では、研磨面に鱗状のひだが形成されず、実施例と比べて研磨速度が低いだけでなく、研磨速度のウエハ面内ばらつきも大きくなり、均一性が低いという結果を得た。
また、従来パッドの代表例であるロデール社製IC1000を用いて研磨した比較例2に対して、実施例の研磨速度は約1.8倍、ウエハ面内ばらつきは半分程度と、均一性は言うに及ばず、従来パッドを上回る性能が確認された。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
本発明の、ドレス処理により、研磨面に鱗状のひだを形成した研磨用発泡体を用いる研磨方法によって、例えば半導体ウエハ上のデバイス表面を研磨すれば、従来の研磨パッドを用いた研磨方法に比べ、研磨速度がより速く、ウエハ面内の均一性が向上した。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】化学的機械的研磨法(CMP)の標準的なプロセスの一例である。
【図2】実施例1で用いた研磨用発泡体の、ドレス処理後における表面状態の一例である。
【図3】実施例2で用いた研磨用発泡体の、ドレス処理後における表面状態の一例である。
【図4】比較例1で用いた無発泡成形体のドレス処理後における表面状態の一例である。
【図5】比較例2で用いた従来パッドのドレス処理後における表面状態の一例である。
【図6】本発明の実施例および比較例で用いた、研磨用発泡体又は無発泡基材の製造装置の概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1 半導体ウエハ
2 定盤
3 ドレッサー
4 研磨スラリー
5 試料ホルダー
6 研磨パッド
7 回転軸
8 ウエハ固定用治具
9 バッキング材
10 スラリー供給用配管
11 第一押出機
12 第二押出機
13 金型
14 発泡剤の注入用部品
15 原料ホッパ
16 中空単管
17 ボンベ
18 ガスブースターポンプ
19 圧力調整弁
20 引取機
21 研磨用発泡体[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for polishing semiconductors, substrates for various types of memory hard disks, and the like, and particularly to a polishing foam suitably used for flattening a surface of a semiconductor device wafer, such as an interlayer insulating film and a metal wiring, and a polishing method therefor. The present invention relates to a polishing method using a foam for use in polishing.
[Prior art]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a chemical mechanical polishing method (CMP), which is a typical process used for flattening a surface of a semiconductor device wafer. The semiconductor wafer (1) is pressed against the surface of the polishing pad (6) while rotating the platen (2) and the sample holder (5) to supply the polishing slurry (4) through the slurry supply pipe (10). Then, the device surface is polished and flattened with high precision. Normally, before or during polishing, a dressing process is performed by pressing a surface of the polishing pad (6) while rotating a tool (3), which is generally called a dresser, to carry out a dressing process. The holes are opened. The surface condition of the polishing pad (6), as well as the polishing conditions, has a great influence on the finished condition of the surface to be processed.
[0002]
Conventionally, as a method of flattening the surface of a processed product, for example, a method of polishing using a polymer base material including a hollow polymer microelement having a void space (for example, see Patent Document 1) is typical. Met. In the conventional method, dressing with a diamond disk or the like is usually performed before or during polishing.
FIG. 5 shows a surface state image of a polishing pad (trade name: IC1000) manufactured by Rodale as one of typical examples of a polymer base material used for conventional polishing after dressing. As is apparent from FIG. 5, in the conventional polishing method, the shell of the hollow polymer microelement was broken by the dressing treatment, and the internal pores were opened, and the polishing slurry holding ability was developed. .
[0003]
In a conventional polishing pad, if the dispersion state of the hollow polymer microelements is poor, the surface roughness and the aperture ratio vary within the polishing surface, that is, the surface state is unstable. For example, when a device surface on a semiconductor wafer is polished, there is a serious problem in that the finished state of the surface to be processed is less likely to vary within the wafer surface and even between wafer surfaces, and the uniformity is low.
The recent remarkable development of the electronics industry has evolved into transistors, ICs, LSIs, and VLSIs. As the degree of integration of circuits in these semiconductor elements has rapidly increased, the design rules of semiconductor devices have become finer year by year, and the depth of focus in the device manufacturing process has become shallower. As a result, the pattern formation surface is required. Flattening levels are becoming increasingly severe. At the same time, the diameter of the wafer has been increasing, and it has become a major issue how to reduce the variation in flatness in the surface of the device wafer to be processed, that is, how to improve the uniformity in the wafer surface. There is a great demand for a polishing pad and a polishing method having a higher uniformity than the above.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Patent No. 3013105 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is to improve the performance variation due to the instability of the surface state after dressing in the conventional polishing method, and to improve the uniformity, and the purpose thereof is suitable for flattening processing. It is another object of the present invention to provide a polishing foam capable of forming a completely different surface state from a conventional product, and a highly uniform polishing method using the polishing foam.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have made intensive studies in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and as a result, have completed the present invention by the following means.
[0006]
That is, the present invention
(1) A polishing foam characterized in that scale-like folds are formed on a polishing surface by a dressing process.
(2) The polishing foam according to claim 1, wherein the arithmetic mean value of the surface roughness of the polishing foam surface on which the scale-like folds are formed is 2 to 40 µm.
(3) The polishing foam according to (1) or (2), wherein the foam has an average cell diameter of 0.1 to 100 μm,
(4) The polishing foam according to (1) to (3), wherein the main constituent material is a thermoplastic elastomer.
(5) The polishing foam according to (4), wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is polyurethane.
(6) A polishing method using the polishing foam of (1) to (5).
(7) A method for polishing a surface of a semiconductor device wafer using the polishing foam of (1) to (5).
It is.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An example of a scale-like fold formed by a dressing process on the surface of the polishing foam of the present invention is shown in FIGS. Although the exact mechanism of polishing by the scale-like folds is not elucidated, the present inventors have found that the presence of the scale-like folds makes it easier for the polishing slurry to enter between the workpiece surface and the polishing surface, It is presumed that as a result of the polishing slurry being evenly distributed over the entire surface of the workpiece, the uniformity is improved as compared with the conventional product.
In the dressing process of the present invention, the same tool as that used in the conventional dressing process, for example, a tool called a dresser in which diamond abrasive grains are fixed by electrodeposition or brazing can be used.
Specifically, for example, by supplying pure water and rotating the dresser, by performing the same dressing process as in the past by pressing against the polishing foam surface of the present invention, the scaly folds of the present invention are easily formed. can do. The dressing process may be performed before the polishing, or may be performed during the polishing in parallel with the polishing of the workpiece.
[0008]
Although there is no particular limitation on the surface roughness of the polishing foam surface having the scale-like folds of the present invention, particularly when high uniformity is required as in the case of polishing a device surface on a semiconductor wafer, an arithmetic average The roughness is preferably 2 to 40 μm, more preferably 3 to 30 μm, most preferably 4 to 20 μm.
When the arithmetic average roughness is less than 2 μm, the surface of the foam for polishing approaches a smooth surface. As a result, the function of accelerating the flow of the slurry is reduced, and the uniformity is reduced, which is not preferable. Conversely, if the formed scale-like folds are coarse and the arithmetic average roughness exceeds 50 μm, the irregularities on the surface of the polishing foam become severe, and the polishing performance tends to fluctuate with time. In other words, the finished state of the surface of the workpiece tends to vary within and between the surfaces of the wafer, which leads to a decrease in uniformity, which is not preferable.
[0009]
In forming scale-like folds on the surface of the polishing foam of the present invention, the bubbles of the foam play a large role. The size of the bubbles is not particularly limited, but the average diameter of the bubbles is preferably from 0.1 to 100 μm, more preferably from 0.5 to 100 μm in terms of forming scale-like folds suitable for precise polishing requiring high uniformity. 7070 μm, most preferably 1 to 50 μm.
If the average diameter of the bubbles is less than 0.1 μm, for example, if abrasive grains are contained in the polishing slurry, the bubbles are clogged by agglomerates of the abrasive grains, and polishing debris generated as polishing proceeds. easy. As a result, the state of the scale-like folds formed tends to vary in the polished surface, and the uniformity decreases, which is not preferable. Conversely, when the bubbles become coarse and the average diameter exceeds 100 μm, the formed folds also become coarse. As a result, uniformity is remarkably reduced, and precise polishing becomes difficult.
[0010]
The diameter of the bubbles contained in the polishing foam was measured from a cross-sectional image of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The diameter of each bubble contained in the cross-sectional image at a magnification of 300 was measured, and the average value of the diameters of all the bubbles was calculated. In the case where the shape of the bubble in the cross section is not a perfect circle, for example, an elliptical shape or an irregular polygonal shape, the diameter equivalent to the circle was taken as the diameter of the bubble.
The main constituent materials of the polishing foam of the present invention are not particularly limited. Polyurethane, polystyrene, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polybutene, polyacetal, polyphenylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyarylate, aromatic polysulfone, polyamide, polyimide, fluorine resin , Ethylene-propylene resin, ethylene-ethyl acrylate resin, acrylic resin, norbornene-based resin such as vinyl polyisoprene-styrene copolymer, butadiene-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer A styrene copolymer represented by a polymer or the like, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or the like can be used. These may be used alone, or may be mixed or copolymerized.However, since the basic physical properties such as abrasion resistance and compressibility, which greatly affect the polishing characteristics, can be relatively easily controlled, for example, urethane is used. Thermoplastic elastomers such as those based on olefins and olefins are preferred. Among them, a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is most preferable in that the scaly folds of the present invention can be easily formed by the same dressing process as before.
[0011]
The surface of the polishing foam of the present invention can be subjected to groove processing as required. Although the shape of the groove is not particularly limited, for example, a parallel shape, a lattice shape, a concentric shape, and a spiral shape can be selected as needed. Providing a groove on the surface is preferable in that the polishing slurry can be more easily distributed over the entire polishing surface, and the uniformity can be further improved.
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the contents of the examples.
[0012]
<Production equipment for polishing foam>
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing a polishing foam used in an example of the present invention. A tandem type extruder in which a first extruder (11) having a barrel diameter of 50 mm and L / D = 32 and a second extruder (12) having a barrel diameter of 65 mm and L / D = 36 are connected by a single hollow tube (16). A die (13) having a lip width of 300 mm was attached to the tip of.
Carbon dioxide was used as a blowing agent. After being taken out of the cylinder (17), carbon dioxide pressurized by a gas booster pump (18) was injected through an injection port (14) mounted near the center of the first extruder (11).
[0013]
<Preparation of polishing pad>
(Example 1)
As a raw material, a crosslinking agent (trade name: Reinamine P-4250 manufactured by Dainichi Seika Co., Ltd.) having high compatibility with the resin and exhibiting an effect as a plasticizer is used. A mixture obtained by mixing 3% by weight of CROSNATE EM-30) was charged into the first extruder to prepare a polishing foam. Table 1 shows the molding conditions.
After laminating three pieces of the polishing foam cut into a size of 200 mm in width and 600 mm in length with a double-sided tape manufactured by Kuramoto Sangyo (product name: Seven Tack) based on foamed polyethylene having cushioning property, It was cut out into a disk having a diameter of 600 mmφ. Thereafter, using a crosswise saw manufactured by Shoda Tectron Co., a groove having a width of 2 mm and a depth of 0.6 mm was formed in a lattice pattern on the foam surface at a groove interval of 13 mm to prepare a polishing pad.
[0014]
In addition, the cross section of the foam layer of the polishing foam was observed with a scanning electron microscope S-2400 manufactured by HITACHI, and the diameter of each bubble included in the image at a magnification of 300 was measured. Calculated. Table 3 shows the average diameter.
In the case where the cross-sectional shape of the bubble is not a perfect circle, for example, an elliptical shape or an irregular polygonal shape, the diameter equivalent to the circle is taken as the diameter of the bubble.
(Example 2)
A polishing pad was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the molding conditions for the polishing foam were changed. Table 1 shows the molding conditions. Table 3 shows the average diameter of the bubbles contained in the polishing foam, which was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0015]
(Comparative Example 1)
After forming a non-foamed base material using the same raw materials as in Example 1 under the conditions shown in Table 1 but not injecting carbon dioxide as a foaming agent, grooves were formed on the polished surface in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. Then, a polishing pad was produced.
(Comparative Example 2)
As a polishing pad, a Rodale IC1000, in which grooves having a width of 2 mm and a depth of 0.6 mm were formed in a lattice pattern with a groove interval of 13 mm, was used by being bonded to a Suba400 of the company.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004260070
[0017]
<Polishing performance evaluation>
The polishing pads of (Example) and (Comparative Example) were attached to a surface plate of a single-side polishing machine ARW-681MS made of MAT, and dressed using a # 100 dresser to which diamond particles were electrodeposited and fixed, and then cabot. The surface of a Cu solid wafer having a diameter of 200 mmφ was polished while supplying a polishing slurry (trade name: iCue5003, manufactured by KK).
Usually, a dress to be applied first to a virgin product is referred to as an initial dress, and a dress to be applied during polishing of a wafer after polishing is started is simply referred to as a dress. With respect to all of the polishing pads of (Example) and (Comparative Example) of the present invention, the polishing performance was evaluated according to the initial dress conditions, dress conditions, and polishing conditions shown in Table 2.
[0018]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004260070
[0019]
After the dressing, that is, immediately before polishing the wafer, the surface states of the polishing pads of Examples and Comparative Examples were observed with a scanning electron microscope S-2400 manufactured by HITACHI. Microscopic images at a magnification of 100 are shown in FIGS.
Arithmetic average roughness is measured by the method of Kasaka Laboratory Ltd. The surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness measuring device (trade name: Surfcoder SE1200) in accordance with JIS 94 standard according to JIS B0601-1994. Table 3 shows the measurement results. After the dressing, it was confirmed that scale-like folds were formed on the surface of the polishing foam of Example, but Comparative Example 1 produced using the same raw material system and Comparative Example 2 which is a typical example of the conventional pad were formed. No scaly folds were observed on the surface, and the surface state of both examples was clearly different from that of the comparative example.
[0020]
After cleaning and drying the polished wafer, the Cu film thickness at 49 points in the wafer surface is measured using a sheet resistance measuring instrument, and the average value of the polishing speed and the variation in the polishing speed in the wafer surface as an index of uniformity are measured. Calculated.
As a variation in the polishing rate in the wafer surface, a value obtained by dividing a value obtained by subtracting the minimum value from the maximum value of the polishing rate at 49 points by twice the average value and multiplying the value by 100 was used. The higher the value, the lower the uniformity.
Table 3 shows the polishing performance evaluation results of the polishing pads of the examples and the comparative examples.
[0021]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004260070
[0022]
In the comparison between the example and comparative example 1, it was confirmed that the presence or absence of air bubbles affected the surface state after dressing. In Comparative Example 1 which does not include air bubbles, no scaly folds are formed on the polished surface, and not only the polishing rate is lower than in the examples, but also the polishing rate variation within the wafer surface is large, and the uniformity is low. The result was obtained.
Also, compared to Comparative Example 2 polished using Rodel IC1000, which is a typical example of a conventional pad, the polishing rate of the example is about 1.8 times and the in-plane variation of the wafer is about half. , Performance exceeding conventional pads was confirmed.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by a dressing process, a polishing method using a polishing foam having scaly folds formed on a polishing surface, for example, if a device surface on a semiconductor wafer is polished, compared to a polishing method using a conventional polishing pad. The polishing rate was faster, and the uniformity within the wafer surface was improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an example of a standard process of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP).
FIG. 2 is an example of a surface state of a polishing foam used in Example 1 after a dressing process.
FIG. 3 is an example of a surface state of a polishing foam used in Example 2 after a dressing process.
FIG. 4 is an example of a surface state of a non-foamed molded product used in Comparative Example 1 after a dressing process.
FIG. 5 is an example of a surface state of a conventional pad used in Comparative Example 2 after dress processing.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an apparatus for producing a foam for polishing or a non-foamed base material used in Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Semiconductor wafer 2 Surface plate 3 Dresser 4 Polishing slurry 5 Sample holder 6 Polishing pad 7 Rotating shaft 8 Wafer fixing jig 9 Backing material 10 Slurry supply pipe 11 First extruder 12 Second extruder 13 Mold 14 Foaming agent Injection parts 15 Raw material hopper 16 Hollow single tube 17 Cylinder 18 Gas booster pump 19 Pressure regulating valve 20 Take-off machine 21 Polishing foam

Claims (7)

ドレス処理により、研磨面に鱗状のひだが形成されることを特徴とする研磨用発泡体。A polishing foam characterized in that scale-like folds are formed on a polished surface by a dressing process. 前記鱗状のひだが形成された研磨用発泡体表面の表面粗さの算術平均値が2〜40μmである請求項1に記載の研磨用発泡体。The polishing foam according to claim 1, wherein an arithmetic average value of a surface roughness of the surface of the polishing foam having the scaly folds is 2 to 40 m. 発泡体の気泡の平均径が0.1〜100μmである請求項1又は2の研磨用発泡体研磨用発泡体。The polishing foam according to claim 1, wherein the foam has an average diameter of 0.1 to 100 μm. 主な構成原料が熱可塑性エラストマーである請求項1〜3いずれかに記載の研磨用発泡体。The polishing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a main constituent material is a thermoplastic elastomer. 熱可塑性エラストマーがポリウレタンである請求項4に記載の研磨用発泡体。The polishing foam according to claim 4, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is polyurethane. 請求項1〜5いずれかに記載の研磨用発泡体を用いた研磨方法。A polishing method using the polishing foam according to claim 1. 請求項1〜5いずれかに記載の研磨用発泡体を用いた半導体デバイスウエハの表面の研磨方法。A method for polishing a surface of a semiconductor device wafer using the polishing foam according to claim 1.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020049621A (en) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 富士紡ホールディングス株式会社 Polishing pad
CN114589619A (en) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-07 中国科学院微电子研究所 Semiconductor grinding pad and preparation method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020049621A (en) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 富士紡ホールディングス株式会社 Polishing pad
JP7118841B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2022-08-16 富士紡ホールディングス株式会社 polishing pad
TWI822861B (en) * 2018-09-28 2023-11-21 日商富士紡控股股份有限公司 Polishing pad and method of manufacturing same
CN114589619A (en) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-07 中国科学院微电子研究所 Semiconductor grinding pad and preparation method

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