JP2004255261A

JP2004255261A - Cleaning apparatus

Info

Publication number: JP2004255261A
Application number: JP2003047228A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takeshi Yokomizo; 武横溝; Katsumi Kawashima; 克美川島
Original assignee: Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-02-25
Filing date: 2003-02-25
Publication date: 2004-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 2023-02-25
Also published as: JP4079800B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily surely and quickly clear a clogged filtration layer in a septic tank. <P>SOLUTION: The subject cleaning apparatus is provided with the septic tank 1 in which a filter medium 2 is packed for treating supplied original water, an air lift pipe 5 arranged vertically in the septic tank 1 for lifting a mixture of the medium 2 sucked from the bottom side of the septic tank 1 with a part of the treated water by the action of the air introduced through an air pipe 16 and a separation unit 9 for separating the medium 2 from the mixture discharged from the upper end of the air lift pipe 5 and returning the separated medium 2 to the septic tank 1. A stop valve 17 is arranged on the air lift pipe 5 for closing the pipe 5 when the filtration layer formed by the medium 2 is clogged. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は浄化装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
有機物によって汚染された水を微生物の働きにより浄化する手段の一つとして、固体粒子状の担体である濾材に好気性微生物を付着固定させ、濾材間を下降する原水中の汚染物質を微生物と接触させ、原水を好気性微生物により好気性消化（生物処理）して浄化処理する下向流型生物膜浄化装置が従来から知られており、その例としては、例えば本件出願人が出願した特許文献１がある。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特公平２−３２９５５号公報
【０００４】
特許文献１の下向流型生物膜浄化装置は、図５に示すように、濾材１０１を充填した浄化槽１０２と、浄化槽１０２の鉛直方向へエアリフト管１０３を有し、且つ、エアリフト管１０３の下端から原水の生物処理によって固形物が付着した濾材１０１を吸込むと共に、エアリフト管１０３内で固形物を濾材１０１から剥離させながら濾材１０１と固形物を同時に上昇させるエアリフト装置１０４と、浄化槽１０２内に設けられ、空気を供給する散気装置１０５と、生物処理された処理水を集める集水室１０６と、集水室１０６と連通する処理水流出管１０７と、エアリフト管１０３の上端に設けられ、濾材１０１と固形物を分離し、濾材１０１を浄化槽１０２内へ循環する分離装置１０８を備え、原水を浄化槽１０２の上方から流入させるようにした装置である。
【０００５】
集水室１０６は、濾材１０１を拡散させ得るよう上部に傘状部１０６ａを備えると共に、下部に円筒状部１０６ｂを備え、且つ傘状部１０６ａの上端がエアリフト管１０３の下方側外周に固設されており、浄化槽１０２下部のホッパ状部における傾斜面１０２ａ内面と集水室１０６の円筒状部１０６ｂ下端との間には、浄化槽１０２内下部の濾材流通断面積が狭くなった狭断面域１０９が形成されている。
【０００６】
特許文献１に示す下向流型生物膜浄化装置の改良型として特許出願１がある。
【０００７】
【特許出願１】
特願平２００１−３２７８２８号明細書
【０００８】
特許出願１の下向流型生物膜浄化装置は特許文献１の改良型で、図６に示すように、濾材１２１を充填した浄化槽１２２と、浄化槽１２２の鉛直方向へ延在する保護管１２３に収納されたエアリフト管１２４を有し、且つ、エアリフト管１２４の下端から原水の生物処理によって固形物が付着した濾材１２１を吸込むと共に、エアリフト管１２４内で固形物を濾材１２１から剥離させながら濾材１２１と固形物を同時に上昇させるエアリフト装置１２５と、浄化槽１２２内に設けられ、空気を供給する散気装置１２６と、エアリフト管１２４の上端に設けられ、濾材１２１と固形物を分離し、濾材１２１を浄化槽１２２内へ循環する分離装置１２７と、浄化槽１２２を下降する濾材１２１を拡散させるため保護管１２３の外周に設けた拡散傘１２８と、拡散傘１２８の上端部から浄化槽１２２における反応域の中途部に達するまで延在して濾材１２１の流出を防止し得る集水筒１２９と、集水筒１２９の上部外壁から浄化槽１２２外に突出させた処理水流出管１３０を備え、原水を浄化槽１２２の上方から流入させるようにした装置である。
【０００９】
浄化槽１２２下部のホッパ状部の傾斜面１２２ａ内面と拡散傘１２８下端との間には、浄化槽１２２内下部の濾材流通断面積が狭くなった狭断面域１３１が形成されている。
【００１０】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
特許文献１及び特許出願１に示す下向流型生物膜浄化装置は、何れも浄化槽の下端側はホッパ状で下方へ行くに従い径が小径となるよう絞られており、このため、特許文献１でも特許出願１でも、濾材を同伴した処理水が吸込まれるエアリフト管の下端部における下部集水域近傍には狭断面域があり、この狭断面域では濾材で構成される濾過層に詰まりが生じ、濾材がエアリフト管に吸込まれなくなることがある。
【００１１】
そこで、従来は浄化槽内で濾過層に詰まりが生じた場合には、作業員が浄化槽上部から細長い棒状の用具を浄化槽内に挿入し、濾過層の詰まった部分を突っつき、詰まりを解す作業を行っている。
【００１２】
しかし、棒状の用具は５ｍ以上の長さが必要で、人手による作業は労力を要すると共に、作業に時間が掛かるという問題がある。
【００１３】
本発明は上述の実情に鑑み、浄化槽における濾過層の詰まりを解す作業を容易且つ確実にしかも迅速に行い得るようにすることを目的としてなしたものである。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１の浄化装置は、供給された原水を処理する濾材を充填する浄化槽と、該浄化槽内に鉛直方向へ向けて配置され、且つ、空気管を経て導入されたエアリフト用の空気の上昇作用により、前記浄化槽から固形物の付着した濾材と水を吸込み、濾材から固形物を剥離しつつ濾材及び固形物並びに水を上昇させるエアリフト管と、該エアリフト管から放出された濾材及び固形物並びに水から濾材を分離し、分離した濾材を前記浄化槽へ戻すための分離装置を備えた浄化装置であって、前記エアリフト管には、濾材により形成された濾過層に詰まりが生じた場合に、前記エアリフト管内を空気が上昇することを遮断するための空気遮断手段を設けたものである。
【００１５】
請求項２の浄化装置においては、空気遮断手段を空気管のエアリフト管に対する接続部よりも上部に設けている。
【００１６】
請求項３の浄化装置においては、空気遮断手段をエアリフト管の上端若しくはその近傍に設けている。
【００１７】
請求項４の浄化装置においては、空気遮断手段は弁であり、又、請求項５の浄化装置は下向流型生物膜浄化装置であり、請求項６の浄化装置は上昇流型濾過装置である。
【００１８】
本発明によれば、濾過層の詰まりを解す際に人手を要せず、作業を容易且つ迅速にしかも確実に行うことができる。
【００１９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面を参照して説明する。
図１〜図３は本発明の浄化装置を実施する形態の一例である。
図１に示すように、本図示例の浄化装置は下向流型生物膜浄化装置であって、内部に好気性微生物の担体として機能する濾材２が充填された、ＲＣ造りの移動床式好気性濾床槽である浄化槽１と、浄化槽１の上部に設けた原水供給管３と、浄化槽１内に曝気用の空気を吹込む散気装置４と、固形物が付着、蓄積されて浄化槽１内を下降してきた濾材２を処理水の一部と共に吸込み上昇させるエアリフト管５を有するエアリフト装置６と、エアリフト装置６の下部近傍で浄化槽１内下部のホッパ型の下部集水域７に設けられて下降する濾材２を拡散させ、濾材２の外部への流出を防止するようにした拡散手段８と、エアリフト装置６の上端に設けられた分離装置９と、拡散手段８の上部に設けられた集水機構１０と、集水機構１０からの処理水を浄化槽１外に導出し得るよう設けられた処理水流出管１１とを主要構成部としている。
【００２０】
浄化槽１内には、下部集水域７の上部に反応域である中央集水域１２を有し、内部に充填した濾材２によって濾過層が形成されている。濾材２としては、粒径が２〜１０ｍｍ程度のアンスラサイト、活性炭、軽量骨材等が用いられる。而して、浄化槽１は下部集水域７をホッパ型とすることにより、生物処理によって生じた固形物を付着させた濾材２を滞留させることなく、エアリフト装置６のエアリフト管５に吸込ませるようになっている。
【００２１】
分離装置９は、浄化槽１上端に搭載された架台１３に設けた上部蓋１４の中央部に設置されており、分離装置９の下部には、吊り金具を用いて、浄化槽１下部における下部集水域７の底部近傍まで垂下する保護管１５が取付けられている。
【００２２】
保護管１５内には、上方から延在された空気管１６と濾材２上昇用のエアリフト管５が挿通されると共に、空気管１６の下端はエアリフト管５の下端近傍側部に接続され、エアリフト管５の下端近傍からエアリフト用の空気をエアリフト管５内に供給し得るようになっている（図２、図３参照）。
【００２３】
エアリフト管５上端近傍の保護管１５上方へ突出した部分には、開閉弁１７が取付けられ、エアリフト管５の上端部はバッフル管１８で包囲されている。而して、保護管１５、エアリフト管５、空気管１６、開閉弁１７、バッフル管１８により、エアリフト装置６が形成されており、開閉弁１７を開いた状態で空気を空気管１６からエアリフト管５内に導入することにより、原水の生物処理により固形物が付着した濾材２を処理水の一部と共にエアリフト管５下端からエアリフト管５内に吸込み、固形物を濾材２から剥離させながら濾材２と固形物を一緒に上昇させるようになっている。
【００２４】
分離装置９は、図１に示すように、浄化槽１の中心側から内壁側へ向かい下り勾配に配設されて、水と共にエアリフト管５上端から放出された濾材２と固形物を含む水を分散し下降させる濾材分散樋１９と、濾材分散樋１９から供給された水に含有された濾材２と固形物を分級し、分級した濾材２を浄化槽１内へ戻すためのスクリーン２０と、スクリーン２０の下部に配置されてスクリーン２０を通り落下した固形物を含む水を集めるための受け皿２１と、受け皿２１で受けた洗浄排水を浄化槽１外に流出させる洗浄排水管２２を備えている。
【００２５】
スクリーン２０は、濾材２を通さない程度のメッシュのスリット、多孔板、金属メッシュ等が用いられる。又、排出される固形物の量は、空気管１６から供給される空気流量の調整により制御し得るようになっている。
【００２６】
拡散手段８は、エアリフト装置６の保護管１５の下部側に同心状に配置された截頭円錐状の拡散傘２３を備え、集水機構１０は、拡散傘２３の上端に配設されて保護管１５と同心状に反応域である中央集水域１２の半ばに達するまで上方へ延在する有蓋の集水筒２４を備えており、集水筒２４の上側部には、処理水流出管１１が接続されている。而して、集水筒２４は上端の蓋部において保護管１５外周に固設され、拡散傘２３の上端は集水筒２４の下端に接続されている。
【００２７】
散気装置４は浄化槽１内において、反応域である中央集水域１２の下部に配置され、ヘッダ管２５，２５の間に配置された複数の空気吹出し管２６を備え、空気供給管２７から供給された曝気用の空気を浄化槽１内に吹き込んで、好気性微生物の生物処理作用を盛んにするためのものである。なお、２８は散気装置ドレン管、２９は浄化槽１における下部ホッパ部の内部の傾斜面１ａと拡散傘２３下端との間及びその近傍に形成される狭断面域である。
【００２８】
次に、上記図示例の作動を説明する。
原水を生物処理する場合には、原水供給管３から原水を浄化槽１に上方から供給すると共に、散気装置４の空気吹出し管２６から曝気用の空気を浄化槽１内の中央集水域１２に向けて吹込み、且つ、開閉弁１７を開いた状態でエアリフト用の空気を空気管１６を介して、エアリフト管５の下端部からエアリフト管５内に吹込む。
【００２９】
濾材２の表面には曝気用の空気を取込んで無数の好気性微生物が繁殖しているため、浄化槽１内の濾過層を下降する原水中のＳＳ成分及びＢＯＤ成分等は、好気性微生物の生物処理により酸化分解され、且つ、原水中の微細な固形物は濾材２に捕捉され、その結果、濾材２表面には固形物が付着、蓄積する。
【００３０】
従って、原水は浄化槽１内の中央集水域１２から底部側の下部集水域７に向かい下降するに従い、徐々に清浄化され、清浄化された処理水の多くは拡散傘２３の下端から集水機構１０の集水筒２４内に集水され、処理水流出管１１から清浄化された処理水として外部へ排出される。
【００３１】
一方、エアリフト管５内には、空気管１６よりエアリフト用の空気が吹込まれ上昇しているため、エアリフト管５内は負圧となり、この負圧の作用及び重力作用により、浄化槽１内の固形物の付着、蓄積した濾材２は徐々に下層へ移動して行き、浄化槽１の中心側にある濾材２は拡散傘２３により集水筒２４側から離反するよう拡散されつつ下降し、又、下部ホッパ部の傾斜面１ａ側にある濾材２は、浄化槽１中心側へ案内されつつ下降する。
【００３２】
このため、濾材２は狭断面域２９を通って下部集水域７下端に導かれ、処理水の一部と共にエアリフト管５下端からエアリフト管５内に吸込まれる。
【００３３】
固形物の付着、蓄積した濾材２は一部の処理水及びエアリフト用の空気と共にエアリフト管５内を上昇する。濾材２及び処理水並びに空気は夫々異なった速度で上昇するため、濾材２はエアリフト管５内で撹拌されて揉み洗いされ、濾材２に付着していた固形物は濾材２から剥離される。而して、固形物の剥離された濾材２及び濾材２から剥離された固形物並びに水、エアリフト用の空気はエアリフト管５内を更に上昇し、空気はエアリフト管５上端から大気中に排出され、濾材２及び固形物並びに濾材２を洗浄した水（逆洗水）はエアリフト管５上端から分離装置９の濾材分散樋１９に放出される。
【００３４】
濾材２及び固形物並びに水は、分散されつつ濾材分散樋１９の傾斜面を流れてスクリーン２０に送給され、スクリーン２０では、濾材２はメッシュを通らず傾斜面の表面を滑落し、スクリーン２０から浄化槽１内へ循環させられ、濾過層へ戻る。又、水及び固形物は、スクリーン２０のメッシュを通過して下方の受け皿２１に排出され、受け皿２１から洗浄排水管２２を通り、洗浄排水として外部に排出される。
【００３５】
原水の生物処理の間には、上述したように、濾材２は浄化槽１内を下降するが、下部集水域７において濾材２は狭断面域２９を通過するため、この部分で濾過層に詰まりが生じることがある。従って、詰まりが生じた場合には、少くとも原水供給管３からの原水の供給を停止し、開閉弁１７を開く。このため、空気管１６からエアリフト管５内に導入された空気は、エアリフト管５内を上昇できないため、逆流してエアリフト管５の下端から浄化槽１内の底部に向け吹込まれ、底部で反転して濾過層内の隙間を通り、上昇する。
【００３６】
従って、狭断面域２９及びその近傍で詰まっていた濾過層は空気の圧力により解されて再び原水の生物処理を行うことができるようになる。空気は浄化槽１の上端から外部へ排出される。
【００３７】
上記図示例によれば、濾過層の詰まりを解す際に人手を要せず、作業を容易且つ迅速にしかも確実に行うことができる。
【００３８】
図４は本発明の浄化装置を実施する形態の他の例である。
図４に示すように、本図示例の浄化装置は生物処理は行わない上向流型濾過装置であって、内部に濾過層を形成する濾材５２が充填された鋼板製の浄化槽５１と、浄化槽５１の下部に設けられて原水を浄化槽５１内に供給する原水供給装置５３と、固形物が付着、蓄積されて浄化槽５１内を下降してきた濾材５２を吸引し上昇させるエアリフト管５４を有するエアリフト装置５５と、エアリフト装置５５の下部近傍で浄化槽５１内下部のホッパ型の下部洗浄水集水域５６上部に設けられ且つ下降する濾材５２を拡散させるよう、エアリフト装置５５に同心状に設けられた拡散手段５７と、エアリフト装置５５の上端に設けた濾材５２の分離装置５８と、分離装置５８からの洗浄排水を浄化槽５１外に導出し得るよう設けられた洗浄排水流出管５９と、浄化槽５１において濾材５２により濾過されて清浄化した処理水を浄化槽１外に導出する堰６０を主要構成部としている。
【００３９】
浄化槽１内には、下部洗浄水集水域５６の上部に反応域である中央集水域７２を有している。浄化槽５１内に充填された濾材５２としては、粒径が１ｍｍ程度の天然砂、アンスラサイト、セラミック材等が用いられる。而して、浄化槽５１は下部洗浄水集水域５６をホッパ型とすることにより、固形物を付着させた濾材５２を滞留させることなく、エアリフト装置５５のエアリフト管５４に吸込ませるようになっている。
【００４０】
分離装置５８は、浄化槽５１上部の中央部に設置された沈降分離槽６１を備え、沈降分離槽６１で濾材５２を除去された洗浄排水を浄化槽５１外へ排出し得るよう、沈降分離槽６１には洗浄排水流出管５９が接続されている。又、沈降分離槽６１の底部から浄化槽５１下部の下部洗浄水集水域５６の底部近傍まで垂下するよう配設した保護管６２の上端部外周には、沈降分離槽６１下面に接続された濾材下降管６３が配置され、濾材下降管６３と保護管６２との間には、濾材下降路が形成されている。
【００４１】
保護管６２内には、上方から延在された空気管６４と濾材５２上昇用のエアリフト管５４が挿通されると共に、空気管６４の下端はエアリフト管５４の下端近傍側部に接続され、エアリフト管５４の下端近傍からエアリフト用の空気をエアリフト管５４内に供給し得るようになっている。
【００４２】
エアリフト管５４上端には、上端部が沈降分離槽６１の底面と略同一レベルとなるよう、開閉弁６５が取付けられている。而して、保護管６２、エアリフト管５４、空気管６４、開閉弁６５により、エアリフト装置５５が形成されており、開閉弁６５を開いた状態で空気を空気管６４からエアリフト管５４内に導入することにより、原水を濾過することにより固形物が付着した濾材５２をエアリフト管５４下端からエアリフト管５４内に吸込み、固形物を濾材５２から剥離させながら固形物と濾材５２を一緒に上昇させるようになっている。
【００４３】
拡散手段５７は、エアリフト装置５５の保護管６２の下部側に同心状に配置された截頭円錐状の拡散傘６６を備えており、拡散傘６６の上端は、保護管６２外周に固設されている。
【００４４】
原水供給装置５３は、浄化槽５１の下部におけるホッパ部外周を包囲するよう配置されて原水供給主管６７からの原水が導入されるヘッダ管６８と、ヘッダ管６８の周方向へ一定間隔で立設されると共に浄化槽５１のホッパ部を貫通して上端が浄化槽５１の上部集水域の下部、すなわち、拡散傘６６の上端側方近傍まで突出する複数の原水供給ノズル管６９と、原水供給ノズル管６９の上端から上方へ所定の隙間を置いて設置された断面形状が三角状で環状の原水分散冶具７０が、保護管６２を包囲するよう、配置されている。なお、７１は拡散傘６６の下端と浄化槽５１内壁との間及びその近傍に形成される狭断面域である。
【００４５】
原水を濾過処理する場合には、原水供給主管６７から供給された原水を、ヘッダ管６８、原水供給ノズル管６９を介して浄化槽５１の下部近傍に上方へ向けて供給する。浄化槽５１内に供給された原水は環状の原水分散冶具７０により案内されて浄化槽５１内の濾過層に均等に供給される。又、開閉弁６５を開いた状態でエアリフト用の空気を空気管６４に送給し、エアリフト管５４の下端部からエアリフト管５４内に吹込む。
【００４６】
原水は濾過層を上昇しつつ濾材５２によりＳＳ成分や微細な固形物が除去され、濾過により清浄化された処理水は堰６０をオーバフローして浄化槽５１外へ排出される。原水中の微細な固形物は濾材５２に捕捉される結果、濾材５２表面には固形物が付着、蓄積する。
【００４７】
一方、エアリフト管５４内には、空気管６４よりエアリフト用の空気が吹込まれて上昇しているため、エアリフト管５４内は負圧となり、この負圧の作用及び重力の作用により、浄化槽５１内の固形物の付着、蓄積した濾材５２は徐々に下層へ移動して行き、浄化槽５１の中心側にある濾材５２は拡散傘６６により浄化槽５１中心側から離反するよう拡散されつつ狭断面域７１を経て下降し、又、下部ホッパ部の傾斜面５１ａ側にある濾材５２は、浄化槽５１中心側へ案内されつつ下降する。
【００４８】
このため、濾材５２は下部洗浄水集水域５６に導かれ、水と共にエアリフト管５４下端からエアリフト管５４内に吸込まれる。
【００４９】
固形物の付着、蓄積した濾材５２は水及びエアリフト用の空気と共にエアリフト管５４内を上昇する。濾材５２及び水並びに空気は夫々異なった速度で上昇するため、濾材５２はエアリフト管５４内で撹拌されて揉み洗いされ、濾材５２に付着していた固形物は濾材５２から剥離される。而して、固形物の剥離された濾材５２及び濾材５２から剥離された固形物並びに水、エアリフト用の空気はエアリフト管５４内を更に上昇し、空気はエアリフト管５４上端から大気中に排出され、濾材５２及び固形物並びに濾材５２を洗浄した水はエアリフト管５４上端から分離装置５８の沈降分離槽６１に放出される。
【００５０】
沈降分離槽６１では、比重差により濾材５２は沈殿し、濾材下降管６３から下降して、浄化槽５１に循環させられ、濾過層に戻り、濾材５２が分離された固形物を含む水は、洗浄排水として洗浄排水流出管５９から浄化槽５１へ排出される。
【００５１】
原水の濾過処理の間には、上述したように、濾材５２は浄化槽５１内を下降するが、下部洗浄水集水域５６において濾材５２は狭断面域７１を通過するため、この部分で濾過層に詰まりが生じることがある。従って、詰まりが生じた場合には、原水供給ノズル管６９からの原水の供給を停止し、開閉弁６５を閉じる。このため、空気管６４からエアリフト管５４内に導入された空気は、エアリフト管５４内を上昇できず、逆流してエアリフト管５４の下端から浄化槽５１内の底部に向け吹込まれ、底部で反転して濾過層内の隙間を通り上昇する。
【００５２】
従って、狭断面域７１及びその近傍で詰まっていた濾過層は空気の圧力により解されて再び原水の濾過処理を行うことができるようになる。空気は浄化槽５１の上端から外部へ排出される。
【００５３】
上記図示例によれば、濾過層の詰まりを解す際に人手を要せず、作業を容易且つ迅速にしかも確実に行うことができる。
【００５４】
尚、本発明の浄化装置においては、開閉弁をエアリフト管の上端部側に設ける場合について説明したが、空気管の接続部よりも上部に設ければ実施可能なこと、エアリフト管内の上方へ向けた濾材や水の上昇を遮断する手段としては開閉弁に限らず種々の手段を用いることができること、その他、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。
【００５５】
【発明の効果】
以上、説明したように本発明の請求項１〜６に記載の浄化装置によれば、濾過層の詰まりを解す際に人手を要せず、作業を容易且つ迅速にしかも確実に行うことができるという優れた効果を奏し得る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の浄化装置の実施形態の一例の縦断面図である。
【図２】図１のＩＩ−ＩＩ方向矢視図である。
【図３】図１のＩＩＩ部拡大断面図である。
【図４】本発明の浄化装置の実施形態の他の例の縦断面図である。
【図５】従来の浄化装置の例を示す縦断面図である。
【図６】本件出願人が提案した浄化装置の例を示す縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１浄化槽
２濾材
５エアリフト管
９分離装置
１６空気管
１７開閉弁（空気遮断手段）（弁）
５１浄化槽
５２濾材
５４エアリフト管
５８分離装置
６４空気管
６５開閉弁（空気遮断手段）（弁）[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a purification device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As one of the means of purifying water contaminated by organic substances by the action of microorganisms, aerobic microorganisms are attached and fixed to the filter medium, which is a solid particulate carrier, and the contaminants in raw water flowing down between the filter media are contacted with microorganisms. A downflow type biofilm purifying apparatus for purifying raw water by aerobic digestion (biological treatment) with aerobic microorganisms has been conventionally known. Examples thereof include, for example, a patent document filed by the present applicant. There is one.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-32955
As shown in FIG. 5, the downflow type biofilm purification device of Patent Document 1 has a purification tank 102 filled with a filter medium 101, an air lift pipe 103 in a vertical direction of the purification tank 102, and a lower end of the air lift pipe 103. The air filter device 104, which sucks the filter medium 101 to which the solid matter adheres by the biological treatment of raw water from the raw material and simultaneously lifts the filter medium 101 and the solid matter while separating the solid matter from the filter medium 101 in the air lift tube 103, and is provided in the purification tank 102. An air diffuser 105 for supplying air, a water collecting chamber 106 for collecting biologically treated water, a treated water outflow pipe 107 communicating with the water collecting chamber 106, and a filter medium provided at the upper end of the air lift pipe 103. There is provided a separation device 108 for separating the solid material from the solid matter 101 and circulating the filter medium 101 into the septic tank 102 so that the raw water flows from above the septic tank 102. It is a device that was.
[0005]
The water collecting chamber 106 includes an umbrella-shaped portion 106a at an upper portion so that the filter medium 101 can be diffused, a cylindrical portion 106b at a lower portion, and an upper end of the umbrella-shaped portion 106a is fixed to a lower outer periphery of the air lift tube 103. Between the inner surface of the inclined surface 102a in the hopper-like portion at the lower part of the septic tank 102 and the lower end of the cylindrical part 106b of the water collecting chamber 106, a narrow cross-sectional area 109 in which the filter medium flow cross-sectional area in the lower part of the septic tank 102 is reduced. Is formed.
[0006]
Patent application 1 is an improved type of the downflow type biofilm purification device shown in Patent Document 1.
[0007]
[Patent application 1]
Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-327828
The downflow type biofilm purification device of Patent Application 1 is an improved type of Patent Document 1 and includes a purification tank 122 filled with a filter medium 121 and a protection tube 123 extending in the vertical direction of the purification tank 122 as shown in FIG. It has an air lift pipe 124 housed therein, and sucks the filter medium 121 to which solid matter has adhered from the lower end of the air lift pipe 124 by biological treatment of raw water, and separates the filter medium 121 from the filter medium 121 while separating the solid matter from the filter medium 121 in the air lift pipe 124. Lift device 125 that simultaneously raises and solids, an air diffuser 126 that is provided in the septic tank 122 and supplies air, and an air lift device that is provided at the upper end of the air lift pipe 124, separates the filter material 121 from the solid material, and removes the filter material 121. A separating device 127 circulating into the septic tank 122 and a diffusion umbrella provided on the outer periphery of the protective tube 123 for diffusing the filter medium 121 descending the septic tank 122. 28, a water collecting tube 129 extending from the upper end of the diffusion umbrella 128 to the middle of the reaction zone in the purification tank 122 to prevent the outflow of the filter medium 121, and protruding out of the purification tank 122 from the upper outer wall of the water collecting cylinder 129. This is a device provided with a treated water outflow pipe 130 for allowing raw water to flow from above the septic tank 122.
[0009]
Between the inner surface of the inclined surface 122a of the hopper-like portion at the lower part of the septic tank 122 and the lower end of the diffusion umbrella 128, a narrow cross-sectional area 131 is formed in which the cross-sectional area of the filter medium at the lower part of the septic tank 122 is reduced.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the downflow type biofilm purifying apparatus shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Application 1, the lower end side of the septic tank is hopper-shaped and the diameter is reduced so that the diameter becomes smaller as going downward. However, even in Patent Application 1, there is a narrow cross-sectional area near the lower water collecting area at the lower end of the air lift pipe into which the treated water accompanied by the filter medium is sucked, and in this narrow cross-sectional area, the filter layer made of the filter medium is clogged. In some cases, the filter medium cannot be sucked into the air lift tube.
[0011]
Therefore, conventionally, when a clogging of the filtration layer occurs in the septic tank, an operator inserts an elongated rod-shaped tool from the top of the septic tank into the septic tank, pierces the clogged portion of the filtration layer, and performs an operation of releasing the clogging. ing.
[0012]
However, the bar-shaped tool requires a length of 5 m or more, so that there is a problem that manual work requires labor and the work takes time.
[0013]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to enable an operation for clearing a clogged filter layer in a septic tank to be performed easily, reliably, and quickly.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The purifying apparatus according to claim 1 is a purifying tank filled with a filter medium for treating the supplied raw water, and a rising action of air for an air lift, which is disposed vertically in the purifying tank and introduced through an air pipe. Thus, the filter medium and solids adhering to the solid matter are sucked from the septic tank, and an air lift pipe that raises the filter medium, the solid matter, and the water while separating the solid matter from the filter medium, and the filter medium, the solid matter, and the water discharged from the air lift pipe A separation device for separating the filter medium from the filter medium and returning the separated filter medium to the septic tank, wherein the air lift pipe is provided with the air lift when clogging occurs in a filtration layer formed by the filter medium. An air shut-off means for shutting off the rise of air in the pipe is provided.
[0015]
In the purifying apparatus according to the second aspect, the air blocking means is provided above the connection portion of the air pipe to the air lift pipe.
[0016]
In the purifying apparatus according to the third aspect, the air shutoff means is provided at the upper end of the air lift pipe or in the vicinity thereof.
[0017]
In the purifying apparatus of claim 4, the air shutoff means is a valve, the purifying apparatus of claim 5 is a downflow type biofilm purifying apparatus, and the purifying apparatus of claim 6 is an upflow type filtering apparatus. is there.
[0018]
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, an operation | work can be performed easily, quickly, and reliably without the need of a man when unblocking a filtration layer.
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 to 3 show an example of an embodiment for implementing a purification device of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the purifying apparatus of the present embodiment is a downward-flow type biofilm purifying apparatus, in which a filtering bed 2 functioning as a carrier for aerobic microorganisms is filled. Septic tank 1 which is a gas filter bed tank, raw water supply pipe 3 provided on the top of septic tank 1, diffuser 4 for blowing air for aeration into septic tank 1, and solid substance adhered and accumulated in septic tank 1 An air lift device 6 having an air lift tube 5 for sucking and raising the filter medium 2 descending inside together with a part of the treated water, and a hopper type lower water collecting area 7 in the lower part of the purification tank 1 near the lower part of the air lift device 6. Diffusion means 8 for diffusing the descending filter medium 2 to prevent the filter medium 2 from flowing out, a separating device 9 provided at the upper end of the air lift device 6, and a collecting means provided on the upper part of the diffusion means 8. Water mechanism 10 and treated water from water collecting mechanism 10 A treated water outlet pipe 11 provided so as to be led to a septic tank 1 outside are the main components.
[0020]
In the septic tank 1, a central water collecting area 12 as a reaction area is provided above the lower water collecting area 7, and a filter layer is formed by the filter medium 2 filled therein. As the filter medium 2, anthracite having a particle size of about 2 to 10 mm, activated carbon, lightweight aggregate, or the like is used. Thus, the septic tank 1 is configured such that the lower catchment area 7 is of a hopper type so that the filter medium 2 to which the solid matter generated by the biological treatment is adhered can be sucked into the air lift pipe 5 of the air lift device 6 without stagnation. Has become.
[0021]
The separation device 9 is installed at the center of an upper lid 14 provided on a gantry 13 mounted on the upper end of the septic tank 1, and a lower catchment area in the lower portion of the septic tank 1 is provided at the lower portion of the separation device 9 by using a hanging metal fitting. A protection tube 15 hanging down to the vicinity of the bottom of 7 is attached.
[0022]
An air tube 16 extending from above and an air lift tube 5 for raising the filter medium 2 are inserted into the protection tube 15, and the lower end of the air tube 16 is connected to a side near the lower end of the air lift tube 5, and the air lift Air for air lift can be supplied into the air lift pipe 5 from the vicinity of the lower end of the pipe 5 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
[0023]
An opening / closing valve 17 is attached to a portion protruding above the protection tube 15 near the upper end of the air lift tube 5, and the upper end of the air lift tube 5 is surrounded by a baffle tube 18. Thus, the protection tube 15, the air lift tube 5, the air tube 16, the on-off valve 17, and the baffle tube 18 form an air lift device 6, and when the on-off valve 17 is opened, air is passed from the air tube 16 to the air lift tube. 5, the filter medium 2 to which the solid matter is attached by the biological treatment of the raw water is sucked into the air lift pipe 5 from a lower end of the air lift pipe 5 together with a part of the treated water, and the solid matter is separated from the filter medium 2 while being separated from the filter medium 2. And the solids are raised together.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 1, the separation device 9 is disposed at a downward slope from the center side of the septic tank 1 toward the inner wall side, and disperses the filter medium 2 discharged from the upper end of the air lift pipe 5 together with water and water containing solid matter. And a screen 20 for classifying the filter medium 2 and the solid matter contained in the water supplied from the filter medium dispersion trough 19 and returning the classified filter medium 2 into the purification tank 1. There is provided a receiving tray 21 disposed at a lower portion for collecting water containing solid matter dropped through the screen 20, and a cleaning drainage pipe 22 for discharging cleaning wastewater received by the receiving tray 21 to the outside of the purification tank 1.
[0025]
As the screen 20, a slit, a perforated plate, a metal mesh, or the like of a mesh that does not allow the filter medium 2 to pass through is used. Further, the amount of the discharged solids can be controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the air supplied from the air pipe 16.
[0026]
The diffusion means 8 includes a truncated conical diffusion umbrella 23 disposed concentrically below the protection tube 15 of the air lift device 6, and the water collecting mechanism 10 is disposed at the upper end of the diffusion umbrella 23 to protect the water. A covered water collecting tube 24 is provided which extends upward until it reaches the middle of the central water collecting region 12 which is a reaction region concentrically with the pipe 15, and the treated water outflow pipe 11 is connected to the upper part of the water collecting tube 24. Have been. Thus, the water collecting tube 24 is fixed to the outer periphery of the protection tube 15 at the upper end lid, and the upper end of the diffusion umbrella 23 is connected to the lower end of the water collecting tube 24.
[0027]
The air diffuser 4 is provided in the septic tank 1 below the central water collecting area 12 which is a reaction area, and includes a plurality of air blowing pipes 26 arranged between the header pipes 25, 25. The air for aeration is blown into the septic tank 1 to increase the biological treatment of aerobic microorganisms. Reference numeral 28 denotes an air diffuser drain pipe, and reference numeral 29 denotes a narrow cross-sectional area formed between the inclined surface 1a inside the lower hopper of the septic tank 1 and the lower end of the diffusion umbrella 23 and in the vicinity thereof.
[0028]
Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.
When biological treatment is performed on raw water, raw water is supplied from above to the septic tank 1 from the raw water supply pipe 3, and air for aeration is directed from the air blowing pipe 26 of the air diffuser 4 to the central catchment area 12 in the septic tank 1. The air for air lift is blown into the air lift pipe 5 from the lower end of the air lift pipe 5 through the air pipe 16 with the on-off valve 17 opened.
[0029]
Since a myriad of aerobic microorganisms are growing on the surface of the filter medium 2 by taking in air for aeration, the SS component and the BOD component in the raw water descending through the filtration layer in the septic tank 1 contain the aerobic microorganisms. The fine solids in the raw water that are oxidatively decomposed by the biological treatment are captured by the filter medium 2, and as a result, the solids adhere and accumulate on the surface of the filter medium 2.
[0030]
Therefore, as the raw water descends from the central water collecting area 12 in the septic tank 1 to the lower water collecting area 7 on the bottom side, the raw water is gradually purified, and most of the purified treated water is collected from the lower end of the diffusion umbrella 23 by the water collecting mechanism. Water is collected in the 10 water collecting tubes 24 and discharged from the treated water outflow pipe 11 to the outside as purified treated water.
[0031]
On the other hand, since air for air lift is blown into the air lift pipe 5 from the air pipe 16 and rises, the inside of the air lift pipe 5 has a negative pressure, and the solid pressure in the purification tank 1 is reduced by the action of the negative pressure and the gravity. The filter medium 2 that has adhered and accumulated is gradually moved to the lower layer, and the filter medium 2 at the center of the septic tank 1 is lowered by the diffusion umbrella 23 while being diffused away from the water collecting cylinder 24 side, and the lower hopper The filter medium 2 on the inclined surface 1a side of the portion descends while being guided to the center side of the septic tank 1.
[0032]
For this reason, the filter medium 2 is guided to the lower end of the lower water collecting area 7 through the narrow sectional area 29, and is sucked into the air lift pipe 5 from the lower end of the air lift pipe 5 together with a part of the treated water.
[0033]
The filter medium 2 on which solid matter has adhered and accumulated rises in the air lift pipe 5 together with a part of the treated water and air for air lift. Since the filter medium 2, the treated water and the air rise at different speeds, the filter medium 2 is stirred and rubbed in the air lift pipe 5, and the solid matter adhering to the filter medium 2 is separated from the filter medium 2. Thus, the filter material 2 from which the solid material has been separated, the solid material separated from the filter material 2, water, and air for air lift further rise in the air lift tube 5, and the air is discharged into the atmosphere from the upper end of the air lift tube 5. The filter medium 2, the solid matter, and the water (backwash water) that has washed the filter medium 2 are discharged from the upper end of the air lift pipe 5 to the filter medium dispersion trough 19 of the separation device 9.
[0034]
The filter medium 2, the solid matter, and the water are sent to the screen 20 while flowing through the inclined surface of the filter medium dispersion trough 19 while being dispersed. In the screen 20, the filter medium 2 slides down the surface of the inclined surface without passing through the mesh. Circulated into the septic tank 1 and returned to the filtration layer. The water and solid matter pass through the mesh of the screen 20 and are discharged to the lower receiving tray 21, pass through the cleaning drainage pipe 22 from the receiving tray 21, and are discharged to the outside as cleaning drainage.
[0035]
During the biological treatment of the raw water, as described above, the filter medium 2 descends in the septic tank 1. However, since the filter medium 2 passes through the narrow cross-sectional area 29 in the lower catchment area 7, the filter layer is clogged in this portion. May occur. Therefore, when clogging occurs, at least the supply of raw water from the raw water supply pipe 3 is stopped, and the on-off valve 17 is opened. For this reason, the air introduced into the air lift pipe 5 from the air pipe 16 cannot rise in the air lift pipe 5, so that the air flows backward and is blown from the lower end of the air lift pipe 5 toward the bottom in the purification tank 1, and is inverted at the bottom. Through the gap in the filtration layer.
[0036]
Therefore, the filter layer clogged in the narrow cross-sectional area 29 and its vicinity is released by the pressure of the air, and the biological treatment of the raw water can be performed again. Air is discharged from the upper end of the septic tank 1 to the outside.
[0037]
According to the illustrated example, the operation can be easily, quickly, and reliably performed without requiring any manpower to release the clogging of the filtration layer.
[0038]
FIG. 4 shows another example of the embodiment of the purification device of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the purification apparatus of the illustrated example is an upward flow type filtration apparatus that does not perform biological treatment, and includes a purification tank 51 made of a steel plate and filled with a filter medium 52 that forms a filtration layer inside, and a purification tank. An air lift device having a raw water supply device 53 provided at a lower portion of the 51 and supplying the raw water into the purification tank 51, and an air lift pipe 54 for sucking and raising the filter medium 52 which has adhered and accumulated solids and has descended in the purification tank 51. 55 and a diffusion means concentrically provided on the air lift device 55 so as to diffuse the descending filter medium 52 provided above the hopper type lower cleaning water collecting area 56 in the lower part of the septic tank 51 near the lower portion of the air lift device 55. 57, a separation device 58 for the filter medium 52 provided at the upper end of the air lift device 55, and a washing drainage outflow pipe provided so that the washing wastewater from the separation device 58 can be led out of the purification tank 51. 9, a weir 60 for deriving treated water was cleaned are filtered by the filter media 52 in the septic tank 51 into the septic tank 1 outside are the main components.
[0039]
The septic tank 1 has a central water collecting area 72 as a reaction area above the lower washing water collecting area 56. As the filter medium 52 filled in the septic tank 51, natural sand, anthracite, ceramic material or the like having a particle size of about 1 mm is used. Thus, the purifying tank 51 is configured such that the lower cleaning water collecting area 56 is of a hopper type, so that the filter medium 52 to which the solid matter is adhered is sucked into the air lift pipe 54 of the air lift device 55 without stagnation. .
[0040]
The separation device 58 is provided with a sedimentation separation tank 61 installed at the center of the upper part of the septic tank 51, and the sedimentation separation tank 61 is configured to discharge the washing wastewater from which the filter medium 52 has been removed in the sedimentation separation tank 61 to the outside of the purification tank 51. Is connected to a washing drainage outflow pipe 59. In addition, a filter medium connected to the lower surface of the sedimentation / separation tank 61 descends on the outer periphery of the upper end of a protective tube 62 disposed so as to hang from the bottom of the sedimentation / separation tank 61 to the vicinity of the bottom of the lower washing water collecting area 56 below the purification tank 51. The pipe 63 is disposed, and a filter medium descending path is formed between the filter medium descending pipe 63 and the protection tube 62.
[0041]
An air tube 64 extending from above and an air lift tube 54 for raising the filter medium 52 are inserted into the protection tube 62, and the lower end of the air tube 64 is connected to a portion near the lower end of the air lift tube 54, and the air lift Air for air lift can be supplied into the air lift pipe 54 from the vicinity of the lower end of the pipe 54.
[0042]
An on-off valve 65 is attached to the upper end of the air lift pipe 54 such that the upper end is substantially at the same level as the bottom surface of the sedimentation separation tank 61. Thus, an air lift device 55 is formed by the protection tube 62, the air lift tube 54, the air tube 64, and the on-off valve 65, and introduces air from the air tube 64 into the air lift tube 54 with the on-off valve 65 opened. By doing so, the filter medium 52 to which the solid matter is attached by filtering the raw water is sucked into the air lift pipe 54 from the lower end of the air lift pipe 54, and the solid matter and the filter medium 52 are raised together while the solid matter is separated from the filter medium 52. It has become.
[0043]
The diffusion means 57 includes a truncated conical diffusion umbrella 66 concentrically arranged below the protection tube 62 of the air lift device 55, and the upper end of the diffusion umbrella 66 is fixed to the outer periphery of the protection tube 62. ing.
[0044]
The raw water supply device 53 is arranged so as to surround the outer periphery of the hopper at the lower part of the septic tank 51, and a header pipe 68 into which raw water from the raw water supply main pipe 67 is introduced, and is erected at regular intervals in a circumferential direction of the header pipe 68. And a plurality of raw water supply nozzle pipes 69 whose upper ends protrude to the lower part of the upper catchment area of the purification tank 51, that is, near the upper end side of the diffusion umbrella 66, through the hopper section of the purification tank 51, and An annular raw water dispersing jig 70 having a triangular cross-section and a predetermined gap provided upward from the upper end is arranged so as to surround the protective tube 62. Reference numeral 71 denotes a narrow sectional area formed between the lower end of the diffusion umbrella 66 and the inner wall of the septic tank 51 and in the vicinity thereof.
[0045]
When filtering the raw water, the raw water supplied from the raw water supply main pipe 67 is supplied upward to the vicinity of the lower part of the purification tank 51 via the header pipe 68 and the raw water supply nozzle pipe 69. The raw water supplied into the septic tank 51 is guided by the annular raw water dispersing jig 70 and is evenly supplied to the filtration layer in the septic tank 51. In addition, the air for the air lift is supplied to the air pipe 64 with the open / close valve 65 opened, and is blown into the air lift pipe 54 from the lower end of the air lift pipe 54.
[0046]
While the raw water rises up the filtration layer, SS components and fine solids are removed by the filter medium 52, and the treated water purified by filtration overflows the weir 60 and is discharged out of the purification tank 51. The fine solids in the raw water are captured by the filter medium 52, so that the solids adhere and accumulate on the surface of the filter medium 52.
[0047]
On the other hand, since the air for air lift is blown into the air lift pipe 54 from the air pipe 64 and rises, the inside of the air lift pipe 54 has a negative pressure. The filter medium 52 that has adhered and accumulated the solid material gradually moves to the lower layer, and the filter medium 52 at the center side of the septic tank 51 is diffused by the diffusion umbrella 66 so as to be separated from the center side of the septic tank 51, and the narrow cross-sectional area 71 is diffused. The filter medium 52 on the inclined surface 51 a side of the lower hopper descends while being guided to the center side of the purification tank 51.
[0048]
Therefore, the filter medium 52 is guided to the lower washing water collecting area 56 and is sucked into the air lift pipe 54 from the lower end of the air lift pipe 54 together with the water.
[0049]
The filter medium 52 that has adhered and accumulated solids rises in the air lift pipe 54 together with water and air for air lift. Since the filter medium 52, water, and air rise at different speeds, the filter medium 52 is stirred and rubbed in the air lift pipe 54, and the solid matter attached to the filter medium 52 is separated from the filter medium 52. Thus, the filter material 52 from which the solid material is separated, the solid material separated from the filter material 52, water, and air for air lift further rise in the air lift tube 54, and the air is discharged into the atmosphere from the upper end of the air lift tube 54. The filter medium 52, the solid matter, and the water that has washed the filter medium 52 are discharged from the upper end of the air lift pipe 54 into the sedimentation separation tank 61 of the separation device 58.
[0050]
In the sedimentation separation tank 61, the filter medium 52 precipitates due to a difference in specific gravity, descends from the filter medium descending pipe 63, is circulated to the purification tank 51, returns to the filtration layer, and the water containing the solid matter from which the filter medium 52 is separated is washed. The wastewater is discharged from the washing wastewater outflow pipe 59 to the purification tank 51 as wastewater.
[0051]
During the raw water filtration process, as described above, the filter medium 52 descends in the septic tank 51. However, in the lower washing water catchment area 56, the filter medium 52 passes through the narrow cross-sectional area 71. Clogging may occur. Therefore, when clogging occurs, the supply of raw water from the raw water supply nozzle pipe 69 is stopped, and the on-off valve 65 is closed. For this reason, the air introduced into the air lift pipe 54 from the air pipe 64 cannot rise in the air lift pipe 54, but flows backward and is blown from the lower end of the air lift pipe 54 toward the bottom in the purification tank 51, and is inverted at the bottom. Through the gap in the filtration layer.
[0052]
Therefore, the filtration layer clogged in the narrow cross-sectional area 71 and its vicinity is released by the pressure of the air, and the raw water can be filtered again. The air is discharged from the upper end of the septic tank 51 to the outside.
[0053]
According to the illustrated example, the operation can be easily, quickly, and reliably performed without requiring any manpower to release the clogging of the filtration layer.
[0054]
In the purifying apparatus of the present invention, the case where the on-off valve is provided on the upper end side of the air lift pipe has been described. The means for blocking the rise of the filter medium and water is not limited to the on-off valve, and various means can be used. Of course, various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the purification device of claims 1 to 6 of the present invention, it is possible to perform the operation easily, quickly, and reliably without labor when unblocking the filtration layer. This can provide an excellent effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an example of an embodiment of a purification device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view in the direction of arrows II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a part III in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of another example of the embodiment of the purification device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional purification device.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a purification device proposed by the present applicant.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Septic tank 2 Filter medium 5 Air lift pipe 9 Separator 16 Air pipe 17 Opening / closing valve (air shutoff means) (valve)
51 Septic tank 52 Filter media 54 Air lift pipe 58 Separator 64 Air pipe 65 Open / close valve (air shutoff means) (valve)

Claims

A septic tank filled with a filter medium for processing the supplied raw water, and a vertically disposed inside of the septic tank, and a rising action of air for air lift introduced through an air pipe causes a solid matter to be removed from the septic tank. An air lift pipe that sucks up the attached filter medium and water and raises the filter medium, solids, and water while separating solids from the filter medium, and separates and separates the filter medium from the filter medium, solids, and water released from the air lift pipe. A purifying apparatus provided with a separating device for returning a filter medium to the septic tank, wherein the air lift pipe is configured to prevent air from rising in the air lift pipe when a filter layer formed by the filter medium is clogged. A purifying device comprising an air shutoff means for shutting off air.

2. The purifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air shutoff means is provided above a connection portion of the air pipe to the air lift pipe.

The purification device according to claim 1, wherein the air blocking means is provided at an upper end of the air lift pipe or in the vicinity thereof.

The purification device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the air shutoff means is a valve.

The purification device according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the purification device is a downflow type biofilm purification device.

The purification device according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the purification device is an upward flow filtration device.