JP2004253063A - Information recording medium and recording/reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an efficient recording format which is capable of recording audio data of various types by imparting flexibility to the recording format of an audio data recording area, and capable of recording metadata too, and which further takes replacement processing into account. <P>SOLUTION: A metadata recording area is provided in an audio data recording area to record metadata also in a vacant channel area. A defect replacement area is disposed in the audio data recording area to improve the access of replacement processing, and the replacement area is shared by audio data and metadata to be efficiently used. A plurality of types and a plurality of recording patterns are provided in the audio data recording area to flexibility deal with various audio data types. By adding metadata to data smaller than an integral multiple of the recording unit of an information recording medium, data are made to be recorded without waste. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a recording format and a recording / reproducing apparatus for recording video and audio on an information recording medium.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Optical discs and semiconductor memories are becoming widespread as information recording media for recording video and audio. In recent years, the capacity and speed of these media have been increased, and the use of recording, reproduction, and editing of real-time data including audio data or video data has been expanding.
[0003]
As one form of editing, there is an editing method called post-record editing. The post-record editing is an editing method of reproducing data already recorded on an information recording medium, processing the reproduced data, and recording the processed data again on the information recording medium. Examples of post-record editing include playing back recorded audio data and video data, mixing BGM music on audio data, superimposing a telop image on video data, and recording the data again on an information recording medium. It can be used.
[0004]
Here, an example of post-record editing of audio data will be described on the assumption that the left and right voices, that is, the original audio data for two channels have already been recorded on the information recording medium. In the post-record editing of the audio data, the two-channel post-recording audio data is newly generated by reproducing the original audio data for the two channels and mixing the BGM and narration voices. When recording audio data for dubbing for two channels on an information recording medium, the original audio data already existing on the information recording medium is overwritten with the audio data for dubbing in the same recording area. It is possible to do. However, as a result of listening to the recorded audio data for after-recording, a request to redo BGM or narration may occur, and in this case, the original audio data is not left on the information recording medium. It is difficult to redo such post-record editing.
[0005]
Therefore, in the conventional example, there is a recording format of an optical disk in which an audio data recording area for four channels or more is secured in advance in consideration of multi-channel audio recording and the above-mentioned editing use. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
[0006]
Hereinafter, a conventional recording format will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a recording format of a conventional example, and FIG. 2A is a diagram one-dimensionally showing a recording area on a disk medium. In FIG. 2A, reference numerals 201, 211, and 221 denote audio data recording areas, and reference numerals 202, 212, and 222 denote video data recording areas. Each recording area has a size capable of recording data for about several seconds. Audio data and video data are independently and alternately recorded on the medium. A1, A2, and Aj represent audio data, V1, V2, and Vj represent video data, and the audio of the audio data A1 corresponds to the video of the video data V1. Hereinafter, A2 and V2 correspond to Aj and Vj, respectively. Although not shown, in an area before the audio data A1, an area between the video data V2 and the audio data Aj, and an area after the video data Vj, an infinite number of audio data and video data exist. are doing.
[0007]
FIG. 2B is a diagram showing the inside of the audio data recording area in detail. In FIG. 2B, the audio data recording area 221 includes four channels of audio data recording areas, and the recording areas of each channel are represented by ch1, ch2, ch3, and ch4.
[0008]
An example of the recording method of the recording format of the disk medium represented as described above will be described below. When recording is performed by a camera recorder using a disk medium having a recording format as shown in FIG. 2, for example, only audio data for two channels is recorded together with a video. That is, audio data is recorded only in the ch1 and ch2 areas of FIG. 2B with respect to the audio data recording areas 201, 211, and 221 in FIG. 2A. Then, when performing post-record editing using the disk medium on which recording has been completed, only audio data of ch1 and ch2 are reproduced together with video for each audio data recording area. Then, after the reproduced audio data is processed to create audio data for after-recording, the audio data for after-recording is recorded in the recording areas of ch3 and ch4. As a result, the audio data for post-recording can be recorded in the recording areas of ch3 and ch4 while the original audio data remains in the recording areas of ch1 and ch2. Accordingly, even after editing, the original audio data remains on the disk medium without being overwritten, so that it is possible to cope with redoing of post-record editing.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-88827 (FIG. 2)
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional method, there is a problem that various formats of audio data, additional information on video and audio, and the like cannot be recorded together with the audio data because the format of the audio data recording area is not flexible. Was. This problem will be described below.
[0011]
There are various types of audio data formats, and examples include non-compression formats such as linear PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) and compression formats such as AC-3, Dolby-E, and MPEG-Audio. Linear PCM, which is one of the uncompressed formats, has various kinds of bits such as 12 bits, 16 bits, 20 bits, and 24 bits when quantizing audio data, and the sampling frequency when quantizing is 32 kHz. There are various types such as 44 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, and 96 kHz. Therefore, even when the same several seconds of audio data are recorded by linear PCM, the size of the recorded data differs depending on the format of the audio data to be recorded.
[0012]
Also, there are various formats of compressed audio data.For example, even if data is repeatedly compressed and decompressed by repeating playback and recording during editing work, the sound quality is not deteriorated at the expense of compression efficiency. There is a format in which the compression efficiency is increased, and a format in which the compression efficiency is increased so that multi-channel audio data can be handled even in a transmission path with a low transfer bit rate or a small recording area. When multi-channel audio data can be recorded, applications such as reproduction of stereoscopic sound from a large number of speakers and reproduction of multi-language sound for one image are widened. Also, since the audio data of the compression format can collectively compress the audio data of two channels or eight channels, the multi-channel audio data is stored in the audio data recording area of one channel on the information recording medium. Can also be recorded. Therefore, the number of channels secured as the audio data recording area on the information recording medium may be different from the actual number of channels of the audio data actually recorded. Audio data in a compressed format corresponding to a channel can also be recorded.
[0013]
Further, video data and audio data have additional information called metadata related to such information. There are various types of metadata. One category is real-time metadata, whose value changes every moment from the start to the end of recording, and non-real-time metadata, which keeps a constant value. -There is metadata. Examples of real-time metadata for audio data include information for dynamically changing the dynamic range of audio when reproducing individual audio data, and information for instructing the timing of emphasizing audio during reproduction. and so on. Examples of the non-real-time metadata for audio data include a microphone input gain setting value during recording and a sound recording mode. These are examples of metadata, and various metadata exist in addition to the above. Of these various types of metadata, non-real-time metadata does not change its value from the start to the end of recording, and thus these are stored in a predetermined area on the information recording medium at the start and end of recording. You only need to record it once. On the other hand, real-time metadata that changes momentarily during recording needs to be recorded in association with corresponding metadata for each audio data being recorded. The reason is that every time one audio data is reproduced during reproduction, it is necessary to simultaneously process the corresponding real-time metadata. In addition, since there are various types of metadata, it is possible to record only the minimum required metadata depending on the application, or to record many types of metadata.
[0014]
In such a situation, it has been difficult for the conventional recording format to flexibly cope with audio data that can be recorded on the information recording medium because the internal configuration of the recording area is determined in advance.
[0015]
For example, if the audio data recording area of the recording format is determined to be linear PCM 48 kHz 12 bits and four channels, then in this storage area, for example, 48 kHz 24-bit linear PCM audio data is recorded as higher-quality audio data. In this case, since the size of the recording area per channel is insufficient, high-quality audio data cannot be recorded.
[0016]
Furthermore, since an area for recording real-time metadata relating to audio data is not secured, it is difficult to record real-time metadata together with the recorded audio data.
[0017]
When a defect occurs in the recording area during post-recording or the like, a spare area is not secured in the conventional example. For example, a spare area on an information recording medium or a spare area determined in advance is determined. Need to be secured. In this case, for a replacement process, an access is made to a replacement area at a remote place on the information recording medium, and extra access occurs, so that recording and reproduction of real-time data may be interrupted.
[0018]
In view of the problems of the conventional methods, the present invention provides flexibility in the recording format of the audio data recording area so that various types of audio data can be recorded, and metadata can be recorded together. It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient recording format that takes into account replacement processing.
[0019]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve this problem, an information recording medium and a recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention provide a recording / reproducing apparatus or an information recording medium which independently records video data and audio data, in an audio data recording area or a video data recording area. The inside is divided into a plurality of channel areas, and one or more of the channel areas are used for recording metadata.
[0020]
Further, when the size of audio data to be recorded in the audio data recording area or the size of video data to be recorded in the video data recording area is less than an integral multiple of the recording unit of the information recording medium, data including at least metadata is included. Was added so that the size was recorded as an integral multiple of the recording unit.
[0021]
Further, the audio data recording area has a plurality of types for each size, and further has a plurality of recording patterns for each type, and the audio data is any one of the plurality of types and has a plurality of recording patterns. It was recorded in one of the patterns.
[0022]
The type of the audio data recording area is an uncompressed audio data format, a sampling frequency F, a number of quantization bits B, and a number of F or B or N changed so that data of the number of channels N can be stored. Type was provided.
[0023]
The type of the audio data recording area is F or B such that data of the sampling frequency F, the number of quantization bits B, the compression rate C, and the number of channels N can be stored in the form of compressed audio data. Alternatively, a plurality of types were provided by changing C or N.
[0024]
The recording pattern of the audio data recording area includes a pattern in which compressed audio data and uncompressed audio data are recorded in a mixed manner.
[0025]
Further, the recording pattern of the audio data recording area changes F, B, or N with respect to a recording area secured at a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, and a size capable of storing audio data of a channel number N. The pattern includes a pattern to be recorded by being recorded, and a pattern to record metadata and compressed audio data.
[0026]
Further, the recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a compression rate C, and a recording area secured in a size capable of storing audio data of the number of channels N, F or A pattern for recording by changing B, C, or N, and a pattern for recording metadata or uncompressed audio data are included.
[0027]
Also, the information of the type and the recording pattern used when recording the audio data recording area is stored in the table of contents information of the information recording medium, the table of contents information of each recording material, or the area adjacent to the audio data recording area, or the audio data. It is recorded in a part of the data recording area.
[0028]
Also, a spare area is provided inside each audio data recording area, inside each video data recording area, or adjacent to each audio data recording area, or adjacent to each video data recording area. Provided.
[0029]
Further, the inside of the audio data recording area or the video data recording area is divided into a plurality of channel areas, and a spare area is provided inside each of the channel areas or adjacent to each of the channel areas.
[0030]
In the audio data recording area, audio data and metadata are recorded, and a spare area is provided inside the audio data recording area or adjacent to the audio data recording area. Is now used as a shared replacement area.
[0031]
The replacement area is provided between an area where audio data is recorded and an area where metadata is recorded.
[0032]
In the video data recording area, video data and metadata are recorded, and a spare area is provided inside the video data recording area or adjacent to the video data recording area. The data is now used as a shared replacement area.
[0033]
The replacement area is provided between an area where video data is recorded and an area where metadata is recorded.
[0034]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0035]
(Embodiment 1)
First, the recording format of the information recording medium of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a first recording format of an information recording medium according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, an audio data recording area 221 includes a video data recording area on an information recording medium in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. The areas and the audio data recording areas are arranged independently and alternately, and one of the audio data recording areas is shown. FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C show details of the inside of the audio data recording area 221. FIG.
[0036]
In FIG. 1A, MA represents metadata, and audio data for four channels is represented by ch1A, ch2A, ch3A, and ch4A, respectively. RA indicates a replacement area. In FIG. 1B, four channels of audio data are represented by ch1B, ch2B, ch3B, and ch4B, respectively.
Further, instead of audio data, metadata MB is recorded in ch3B. RB1, RB2, RB3, and RB4 represent replacement areas. In FIG. 1C, audio data for eight channels is represented by ch1C, ch2C, ch3C, ch4C, ch5C, ch6C, ch7C, and ch8C, respectively. MC represents metadata, and RC represents a replacement area.
[0037]
Hereinafter, the features of the recording format of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C will be described. First, in FIG. 1A, an area for recording the metadata MA is provided inside the audio data recording area 221. This makes it possible to record metadata regarding audio data recorded on ch1A to ch4A together with the audio data. The advantage is that when applied to an information recording medium such as an optical disk, for example, audio data and metadata are recorded adjacent to each other, so that both data can be accessed continuously during recording or reproduction. This has the advantage that real-time data such as video and audio can be recorded and played back without interruption since access operations such as seeking can be prevented from occurring.
[0038]
In FIG. 1A, a replacement area RA is provided inside the audio data recording area. In an information recording medium such as an optical disk and a semiconductor memory, when a defect occurs on the medium, a block of a predetermined size including the defect becomes in a state where recording or reproduction cannot be performed. When this defect occurs in the audio data recording area, for example, several kilobytes to several hundred kilobytes of data are lost for one block defect. When an area including such a defect is reproduced, the reproduced sound may be interrupted or noise may be generated in the sound. In such a case, it is desirable to perform a replacement process for replacing a defective block with another normal block. When performing this replacement processing, for example, in an information recording medium such as an optical disk, if a defective block and a normal block used for replacement are separated from each other on the disk, access occurs during recording or reproduction, Recording and playback of real-time data becomes difficult.
Therefore, in the recording format of the present invention, a spare area is provided inside the audio data recording area. For example, when a defect occurs in ch4A of FIG. 1A, the defective block of ch4A is replaced by using a part of the blocks of the replacement area RA. By this replacement processing, a part of the audio data ch4A is present in the replacement area RA. However, at the time of reproduction, ch4A and RA are successively read, and the read data is processed in the memory in a different order, so that correct sound can be reproduced. That is, for each audio data recording area, a spare area is provided inside the audio data recording area, so that the audio data and the data in the spare area can be continuously accessed. There is an advantage that occurrence can be prevented.
[0039]
In FIG. 1B, a spare area is provided for each audio data of each channel. For example, the replacement area of the audio data ch1B is RB1, and the replacement area of the audio data ch2B is RB2. As described above, if a spare area is secured adjacent to each channel of audio data, there is an advantage that the distance to the spare area when a defect occurs is short. For example, in FIG. 1A, when a defect occurs in ch1A, the replacement area uses the RA shared by all the channels, so the distance between ch1A and RA is large.
Therefore, in order to reproduce the sound of ch1A, it is necessary to wait until the replacement area RA is read after reading ch1A. However, in the case of FIG. 2B, even if a defect occurs in ch1B, the distance between ch1B and RB1 is short because the replacement area RB1 for ch1B is provided adjacently. Therefore, in order to reproduce ch1B sound, ch1B and RB1 need only be read, so that sound can be output with a short waiting time.
[0040]
Further, in FIG. 1B, metadata MB is recorded on ch3B of the audio data. When such a mechanism is provided, for example, as shown in FIG. 1B, only audio data recording areas for four channels are secured, and audio and metadata for two channels are recorded during actual recording. Sometimes you want to record. In such a case, in order to record audio data for two channels, ch1B and ch2B are used, and the remaining ch3B and ch4B are not used. Further, although it is desired to record metadata, an area for recording metadata is not secured. Therefore, the metadata is recorded on ch3B among the unused channels.
In this way, even when an area for recording metadata is not secured in advance, a mechanism for recording metadata in an area of an unused audio channel is provided so that a request for recording can be flexibly handled. Become. In such a format, even when a large amount of metadata is to be recorded at the time of recording, not only ch3B but also an empty channel such as ch4B is used for metadata recording, so that necessary metadata can be recorded. Becomes possible.
[0041]
1 (a) and FIG. 1 (c), an area for four channels is secured in the same audio data recording area 221 in FIG. 1 (a), and eight channels are secured in FIG. 1 (c). Minutes of space. Further, when comparing FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, it can be seen that the area for four channels is secured in each case, but the size of the recording area per channel is different. For example, in FIG. 1A, a size that can be recorded in a linear PCM 48 kHz 16-bit format is secured in a recording area per channel of audio data, and there are four channels from ch1A to ch4A. On the other hand, in FIG. 1B, a size that can be recorded in the linear PCM 48 kHz 24-bit format is secured in the recording area per channel of the audio data, and there are four channels from ch1B to ch4B. FIG. 1 (a) has lower sound quality because the number of quantization bits of the audio data is smaller than that of FIG. 1 (b), but instead, as shown by MA in FIG. An area for recording is secured. In FIG. 1C, a size that can be recorded in a linear PCM 32 kHz 12-bit format is secured in a recording area per channel of audio data, and there are eight channels from ch1C to ch8C. In FIG. 1C, the sound quality is lowered by further reducing the number of quantization bits of the audio data and lowering the sampling frequency. Instead, while securing a recording area for eight channels, FIG. As shown by MC in (), an area for recording a large amount of metadata is secured.
In this way, by giving flexibility to the recording format of the audio data recording area, a multi-channel recording area is secured, and by changing the size of the area per channel, a wide variety of audio data formats are provided. And a recording area for metadata can be secured as needed.
[0042]
In FIG. 1C, the replacement area RC is arranged between the audio data ch8C and the metadata MC. This is because if a large amount of metadata recording area is secured as in the MC of FIG. 1C, the probability that a defect will occur in that area increases, so that not only when a defect occurs in audio data, In consideration of the case where a defect occurs in the data, a replacement area is arranged in the middle of both cases assuming both cases. As a result, the distance to the replacement area when the replacement process occurs can be made the same from both the audio data and the metadata. Also, if the spare area is too large, the recordable size of the information recording medium decreases. Therefore, in FIG. 1C, by using one spare area RC for audio data and metadata, a small spare area is effectively used, and the reduction in the recordable size of the information recording medium is minimized. There is an advantage to suppress.
[0043]
The location of the replacement area may be located at the beginning, end, or middle of the audio data recording area as necessary, and the arrangement order of the metadata and audio data is also limited to the above description. It was not done.
[0044]
In the case where defects occur frequently and the spare area is completely used, an unused audio data recording area or an unused metadata recording area may be used as a spare area. In addition, when such defects occur frequently, the entire audio data recording area may be moved to another position on the information recording medium.
[0045]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the video data recording area and the audio data recording area are independently and alternately arranged on the information recording medium, but the medium in which the video data and the audio data are recorded independently is described. The same effect can be obtained even if they are not alternately arranged.
[0046]
(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 shows a second recording format of the information recording medium of the present invention, and three types of recording formats are shown in FIGS. 3 (a), (b) and (c), respectively. In FIG. 3, AN, AM, and AW represent audio data recording areas, and VA, VB, and VC represent video data recording areas. These recording areas correspond to the audio data recording area 221 and the video data recording area 222 described in FIG. 2, and the audio data recording area and the video data recording area are independently and alternately arranged on the information recording medium. It is assumed that
[0047]
The contents of the second recording format of the present invention represented as described above will be described. In the audio data recording area, it is necessary that audio data of various formats can be recorded in multiple channels, and it is desirable that metadata can also be recorded. Various types and combinations of the audio data format, the number of channels, the size of the metadata, and the like can be considered according to the purpose of recording and editing, and the required size of the recording area also differs. Therefore, in the recording format of the present invention, a plurality of types are provided by making the size of the audio data recording area variable.
FIG. 3 shows three representative types among them, and the size of the audio data recording area gradually increases in the order of AN, AM, and AW.
[0048]
FIG. 4 shows, as a table, an example of the sizes of these audio data recording areas and the recording patterns in the areas. The table in FIG. 4 shows three types of recording areas, type AN, type AM, and type AW, and for each type, the size of the recording area and the recording pattern inside the area.
[0049]
For example, among the three types of audio data recording areas, in the case of the type AM having a medium recording area size, the size of one audio data recording area is 4 bits with a linear PCM quantization bit number of 24 bits. A size that can record considerable data is secured. In addition to the above, the recording area size includes the sampling frequency for quantization, the length of recording time per recording area, the type and size of metadata to be recorded, and the compression method for compressed data. Also, since the bit rate after compression is related, some types of tables in FIG. 4 may be prepared according to these types. By using these tables and selecting a type according to the application, audio data can be recorded in various patterns within the range of the area size of the type.
[0050]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing details of a recording pattern of the audio data recording area.
In FIG. 5, reference numeral 221 denotes one audio data recording area. As an example of the internal recording pattern, four patterns of FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D are shown. I have. Hereinafter, the recording method will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0051]
For example, assume that the type AM in FIG. 4 is selected as the recording format of audio data when recording video and audio on the information recording medium. Although there are various recording patterns in the type AM of FIG. 4, if pattern 1 of the type AM is selected, uncompressed audio data such as linear PCM can be recorded in 24 bits in four channels. FIG. 5 (a) shows a state recorded in pattern 1 of type AM. The inside of the audio data recording area is divided into four areas represented by ch1, ch2, ch3 and ch4. In the area, uncompressed audio data is recorded in a format with a quantization bit number of 24 bits. In the table of FIG. 4, when the pattern 1 of the type AM is viewed, the item of compression is described as “none”. This means that the recording area becomes full with uncompressed 24-bit audio data for four channels, so that it is not possible to further record compressed audio data and the like in this area.
[0052]
In FIG. 4, when the pattern 2 of the type AM is selected, the number of channels that can record uncompressed audio data in 24 bits is reduced to two channels, but instead of the uncompressed audio data, Format audio data can be recorded together. Since the audio data in the compression format can compress multi-channel data into one data, the meaning of the compression item, 16 bits × 4 ch × 1, described in pattern 2 of type AM in FIG. 4 is 16 bits. This means that the quantized data for four channels can be compressed and one can be recorded. FIG. 5B shows a state in which the data is recorded in the pattern 2 of the type AM. In the audio data recording area, uncompressed audio data is stored in ch1 and ch2, each having a quantization bit number of 24 bits. In addition, as audio data in a compression format, 16-bit × 4ch data is compressed into one and recorded. Since the compressed audio data is smaller than the size of two channels of uncompressed 24-bit data, the remaining area is empty. Metadata may be recorded in this free area.
[0053]
In FIG. 4, when pattern 3 of type AM is selected, two channels of uncompressed audio data are recorded in 16 bits, and compressed audio data of two channels quantized in 24 bits is recorded as audio data. Two data can be recorded. FIG. 5C shows a state in which the data is recorded by the pattern 3 of the type AM. In the audio data recording area, uncompressed audio data is recorded in ch1 and ch2 in 16 bits each. Further, two pieces of compressed data of 24 bits × 2 ch are recorded as audio data in a compression format.
[0054]
In FIG. 4, when pattern 4 of type AM is selected, one piece of compressed data of six channels quantized by 24 bits is recorded as compressed format audio data instead of not recording uncompressed audio data. can do.
FIG. 5D shows a state where the data is recorded in the pattern 4 of the type AM described above. In the audio data recording area, one piece of compressed data of 24 bits × 6 ch is recorded as compressed format audio data. Have been.
[0055]
As described above, audio data recorded in various types and patterns can be used as an audio data recording area to select which type was recorded, which pattern was recorded, and which channel was actually used for playback. It is preferable to record information on the information recording medium, such as the information used when recording the information, the area in which the metadata is recorded, and the like. Generally, in an information recording medium such as a disk medium or a semiconductor memory medium for recording video and audio, table of contents information indicating what kind of material, that is, what video and audio are recorded in the medium is recorded. Often. Further, for each material recorded on the information recording medium, the table of contents information of the contents may be recorded. In the table of contents information of such an information recording medium and the table of contents information of each recorded material, information such as the type and pattern of the audio data recording area, the channel used for recording, the recording location of metadata, and the like are recorded. By doing so, appropriate audio data processing is performed at the time of reproduction, and correct audio can be output. Also, instead of recording in the table of contents information, the above-described contents may be recorded as header information or footer information using the vicinity of each audio data recording area or a part of each audio data recording area. good.
[0056]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 7, 710 is a control unit, 711 is a CPU, 712 is a memory unit, 720 is a bus unit, 730 is a disk drive unit, and 740 is a disk drive unit. Decoder means, 760 is encoder means, 713, 731, 741, 761 are interface means connecting each means and bus means, 770 is AV signal processing means, 742, 762 are interface means connecting each means and AV signal processing means, 750 Denotes interface means for connecting the AV signal processing means to the bus means, 780 denotes AV output means, 790 denotes AV input means, and 781 and 791 denote interface means for connecting each means to the AV signal processing means.
[0057]
The operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention configured as described above will be described below. At the time of recording, video and audio are input from the AV input unit 790, the AV signal processing unit 770 performs appropriate processing, and then is encoded by the encoder unit 760.
The encoded audio data and video data are recorded on the information recording medium by the disk drive unit 730 according to the recording format of the present invention. At this time, the CPU 711 creates table of contents information, and this table of contents information is also recorded on the information recording medium by the disk drive unit 730. The metadata may be input from the AV input unit 790 together with the video and audio, or may be generated by the CPU 711 or the AV signal processing unit 770. These metadata are also recorded on the information recording medium by the disk drive unit 730.
[0058]
At the time of reproduction, the disk drive 730 reproduces the table of contents information, which is processed by the CPU 711 of the control unit 710, and the decoder 740 is set to perform decoding suitable for reproduction. Then, the disk drive 730 reproduces the video data, the audio data, and the metadata, decodes the data by the decoder 740, performs appropriate processing in the AV signal processor 770, and outputs the processed data from the AV output 780.
[0059]
Note that the AV input means 790 may have a digital interface function of receiving video, audio, or metadata in the form of a compressed or uncompressed digital signal. In this case, the compressed data may be recorded on the information recording medium by the disk drive unit 730 via the AV signal processing unit 770 and the interface unit 750 as it is. Further, the AV output means 780 may have a digital interface function capable of transmitting video, audio, or metadata in the form of a compressed or uncompressed digital signal. In this case, the data reproduced by the disk drive unit 730 may be directly output from the AV output unit 780 via the AV signal processing unit 770 via the interface unit 750. Further, the disk drive unit 730 may be replaced with a memory recording / reproducing unit that performs recording and reproduction on a semiconductor memory medium. Further, the decoder unit 740 and the encoder unit 760 may be provided with a plurality of decoder units and encoder units, respectively, in order to support various encoding schemes of audio data and video data.
[0060]
As described above, in the recording format of the present invention, a plurality of types are provided for an audio data recording area, and further, a plurality of recording patterns are provided, thereby flexibly supporting various audio data formats and uses. It becomes possible to do.
[0061]
Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to an example in which the video data recording area and the audio data recording area are independently and alternately arranged on the information recording medium, the medium in which the video data and the audio data are independently recorded is described. The same effect can be obtained even if they are not alternately arranged.
[0062]
(Embodiment 3)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 shows a third recording format of the information recording medium of the present invention. An audio data recording area 221 has a video data recording area and an audio data on the information recording medium in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. The recording areas are arranged independently and alternately, and represent one of the audio data recording areas. FIG. 6A shows the internal structure of the audio data recording area 221, which is divided into four channels as shown in ch 1, ch 2, ch 3 and ch 4. FIGS. 6B and 6C show one of the four channels in more detail. FIGS. 6B and 6C show the internal configuration of ch1, and 601, 602, and 603 show the recording units of the information recording medium. The recording unit of the information recording medium corresponds to, for example, a sector, a cluster, or an ECC block in the case of a disk medium. In the case of a semiconductor memory medium, it corresponds to a unit of a memory cell, a unit of a write block, or a unit of an erase block. Since these recording units serve as data access units when data is recorded on or reproduced from an information recording medium, generally, when data is read and written in an integral multiple of the recording unit of the information recording medium, efficiency is increased. Data can be well written on an information recording medium. Therefore, when recording real-time data such as video and audio, it is desirable to record the data in an integral multiple of this recording unit.
[0063]
In FIG. 6B, reference numeral 610 denotes audio data recorded in the ch1 area. The audio data 610 has a size slightly larger than the total size of the recording units 601 and 602. That is, since the audio data 610 is not exactly an integral multiple of the recording unit, in FIG. 6B, the interpolation data 611 is added. The interpolation data is additional data for adjusting the size of the data to be recorded to an integral multiple of the recording unit, and is generally unrelated to video and audio data, and is not used during reproduction. By adding the interpolation data 611, the audio data 610 has the same size as the total of the recording units 601 to 603, and is recorded as data that is an integral multiple of the recording unit.
[0064]
In the recording format of the information recording medium of the present invention, the above-mentioned interpolation data portion is used, and metadata can be recorded in this portion. In FIG. 6C, the audio data 620 is recorded in the ch1 area. Like the audio data 610 in FIG. 6B, the audio data 620 is also an integral multiple of the recording unit of the information recording medium. Not the size. Therefore, in FIG. 6C, instead of adding interpolation data, metadata 621 is added. As a result, the total size of the audio data 620 and the metadata 621 becomes an integral multiple of the recording unit, so that useless data can be prevented from being recorded on the information recording medium. If the metadata does not become an integral multiple of the recording unit, interpolation data may be added.
[0065]
As described above, in the recording format of the information recording medium of the present invention, if the size of the audio data to be recorded is less than an integral multiple of the recording unit of the information recording medium, the conventional interpolation data may not be added. Instead, by adding the metadata, the recording area can be effectively used.
[0066]
It should be noted that the metadata described in this specification may include video and audio having a lower bit rate than video and audio recorded in the video data recording area and the audio data recording area as the metadata.
[0067]
Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to an example in which the video data recording area and the audio data recording area are independently and alternately arranged on the information recording medium, the medium in which the video data and the audio data are independently recorded is described. The same effect can be obtained even if they are not alternately arranged.
[0068]
Although the recording format of audio data has been described in this specification, the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a recording format of video data on an information recording medium. In this case, for example, images from a plurality of cameras are simultaneously recorded in a video data recording area on multiple channels, or various metadata or various types of video data are recorded with various numbers of channels. The present invention can also be applied to applications such as the above-mentioned application and replacement of defects in the video data recording area.
[0069]
Further, each of the audio data recording area and the video data recording area described in this specification has a size of an integral multiple of an ECC block of an optical disk medium or an integral multiple of an erase block of a semiconductor memory medium. It may be equivalent. This makes it possible to record and reproduce information on an information recording medium such as an optical disk or a semiconductor memory at an efficient data transfer rate.
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the inside of the audio data recording area is divided into a plurality of channel areas, and the metadata can be recorded in an empty channel area. Further, by providing a replacement area for a defect inside the audio data recording area, it is possible to prevent an extra access operation from occurring in the replacement processing, and to facilitate real-time recording. Further, by sharing the spare area for audio data and metadata, it is possible to effectively utilize even a small spare area. By providing a plurality of types of audio data recording areas and a plurality of recording patterns, it is possible to flexibly cope with various audio data formats and applications. In addition, data that does not have an integral multiple of the recording unit of the information recording medium is recorded in an integral multiple of the recording unit by adding data including metadata.
Thus, the limited recording capacity of the information recording medium can be effectively used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first recording format of an information recording medium of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a recording format of a conventional example.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second recording format of the information recording medium of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a table representing types of audio data recording areas and recording patterns;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing details of a recording pattern of an audio data recording area.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a third recording format of the information recording medium of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
201, 211, 221 audio data recording area
222 Video data recording area
A1, A2, Aj audio data
V1, V2, Vj Video data
MA, MB, MC metadata
RA, RB1, RB2, RB3, RB4, RC replacement area
ch1A, ch2A, ch3A, ch4A Audio data of each channel
ch1B, ch2B, ch3B, ch4B audio data of each channel
ch1C to ch8C Audio data of each channel
audio data of each channel ch1, ch2, ch3, ch4
AN Audio data recording area type AN
AM Audio data recording area type AM
AW Audio data recording area type AW
VA, VB, VC Video data recording area
603 Recording unit of information recording medium
610, 620 audio data
611 interpolation data
621 Metadata

Claims (30)

An information recording medium on which video data and audio data are recorded independently,
Dividing the inside of the audio data recording area or video data recording area into multiple channel areas,
An information recording medium, wherein at least one of the plurality of channel areas is used for recording metadata. A recording / reproducing apparatus that independently records video data and audio data,
Dividing the inside of the audio data recording area or video data recording area into multiple channel areas,
A recording / reproducing apparatus characterized in that metadata is recorded in one or more of the plurality of channel areas. An information recording medium on which video data and audio data are recorded independently,
The size of audio data to be recorded in the audio data recording area, or
The size of the video data recorded in the video data recording area is
When less than an integral multiple of the recording unit of the information recording medium,
The audio data or the video data,
Add at least data, including metadata,
An information recording medium recorded in a size of an integral multiple of a recording unit of the information recording medium. A recording / reproducing apparatus that independently records video data and audio data,
The size of audio data to be recorded in the audio data recording area, or
The size of the video data recorded in the video data recording area is
When less than an integral multiple of the recording unit of the information recording medium,
The audio data or the video data,
Add at least data, including metadata,
A recording / reproducing apparatus, wherein the recording is performed with a size of an integral multiple of a recording unit of the information recording medium. An information recording medium on which video data and audio data are recorded independently,
The audio data recording area has a plurality of types for each size, and further has a plurality of recording patterns for each type,
The information recording medium, wherein the audio data is recorded in the audio data recording area in any one of the plurality of types and in any one of the plurality of recording patterns. A recording / reproducing apparatus that independently records video data and audio data,
The audio data recording area has a plurality of types for each size, and further has a plurality of recording patterns for each type,
A recording / reproducing apparatus which records the audio data in the audio data recording area in one of the plurality of types and in one of the plurality of recording patterns. The type of the audio data recording area is an uncompressed audio data format, a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a number of channels N, and a plurality of audio data recording areas. 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a type is provided. The type of the audio data recording area is F or B or so as to store data of a compressed audio data format, a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a compression rate C, and a channel number N. 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of types are provided by changing C or N. 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the recording pattern of the audio data recording area includes a pattern for recording compressed audio data and uncompressed audio data in a mixed manner. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a sampling frequency lower than F for a recording area secured with a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels, or 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the recording / reproducing apparatus includes a pattern to be recorded with the number of quantization bits smaller than B, or the number of channels smaller than N. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a sampling frequency lower than F for a recording area secured with a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels, or , B, or a pattern in which recording is performed with a smaller number of channels than N or a number of channels smaller than N to reduce the used area and, instead, record metadata. Item 7. The recording / reproducing device according to Item 6. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a sampling frequency lower than F for a recording area secured with a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels, or , B, or a number of channels smaller than N to reduce the area used, and instead include a pattern for recording audio data in a compressed format. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a sampling frequency lower than F for a recording area secured with a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels, or , B, and includes a pattern in which the recording area is reduced by recording with the number of quantization bits smaller than B, and instead, the pattern is recorded with the number of channels larger than N. Recording and playback device. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area is recorded with a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, and a recording area secured with a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels with the number of channels smaller than N. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein a pattern used for recording is recorded at a sampling frequency higher than F or a quantization bit number higher than B instead of using F. Recording and playback device. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area is such that uncompressed audio data is not recorded in a recording area secured at a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, and a size capable of storing audio data of a number N of channels. 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a pattern for recording audio data in a compressed format. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a compression rate C, and a recording area secured in a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels. The recording method according to claim 6, wherein a pattern is recorded with a low sampling frequency, a quantization bit number smaller than B, a compression ratio higher than C, or a channel number smaller than N. Recording and playback device. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a compression rate C, and a recording area secured in a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels. Recording area is reduced by recording at a lower sampling frequency, or a quantization bit number smaller than B, or a compression ratio higher than C, or a channel number smaller than N, and instead, also records metadata. 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the recording / reproducing apparatus includes a pattern adapted to be used. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a compression rate C, and a recording area secured in a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels. Recording at a lower sampling frequency, or a smaller number of quantization bits than B, or a higher compression ratio than C, or fewer than N channels, uses less space and, instead, uncompressed audio The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a pattern for recording data. The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a compression rate C, and a recording area secured in a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels. A pattern in which a recording area is reduced by recording at a low sampling frequency or a quantization bit number smaller than B or a compression ratio higher than C, and instead, recording is performed with a channel number larger than N. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, comprising: The recording pattern of the audio data recording area has a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a compression rate C, and a recording area secured to a size capable of storing audio data of the number N of channels. A pattern in which the area used is reduced by recording with a small number of channels, and instead, the recording is performed with a sampling frequency higher than F, or a quantization bit number larger than B, or a compression rate lower than C. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, comprising: The recording pattern of the audio data recording area is compressed to a recording area secured at a sampling frequency F, a quantization bit number B, a compression rate C, and a size enough to store audio data of the number N of channels. 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a pattern for recording uncompressed audio data instead of recording audio data in a format. An information recording medium on which video data and audio data are recorded independently,
The audio data recording area has a plurality of types for each size, and further has a plurality of recording patterns for each type,
The audio data is any of the plurality of types, and in any of the plurality of recording patterns, is recorded in the audio data recording area,
Information of the type and recording pattern used when recording the audio data recording area,
Table of contents information of the information recording medium, or table of contents information for each recording material, or information recorded in an area adjacent to the audio data recording area or a part of the audio data recording area recoding media. A recording / reproducing apparatus that independently records video data and audio data,
The audio data recording area has a plurality of types for each size, and further has a plurality of recording patterns for each type,
The audio data is recorded in the audio data recording area in any one of the plurality of types, and in any one of the plurality of recording patterns,
Information of the type and recording pattern used when recording the audio data recording area,
A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording in the table of contents information of the information recording medium, the table of contents information of each recording material, or an area adjacent to the audio data recording area or a part of the audio data recording area. . An information recording medium on which video data and audio data are recorded alternately and independently,
Inside each audio data recording area, or
Inside each video data recording area, or
Adjacent to each audio data recording area, or
Adjacent to each video data recording area,
An information recording medium provided with a replacement area. A recording / reproducing apparatus for alternately and independently recording video data and audio data,
Inside each audio data recording area, or
Inside each video data recording area, or
Adjacent to each audio data recording area, or
Adjacent to each video data recording area,
A recording / reproducing apparatus comprising a replacement area. An information recording medium on which video data and audio data are recorded alternately and independently,
The inside of the audio data recording area or the video data recording area is divided into a plurality of channel areas, and a spare area is provided inside each of the channel areas or adjacent to each of the channel areas. Characteristic information recording medium. An information recording medium on which video data and audio data are recorded alternately and independently,
In the audio data recording area, the audio data and metadata are recorded, and a spare area is provided inside the audio data recording area or adjacent to the audio data recording area,
The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the replacement area is used as a replacement area shared by the audio data and the metadata. 28. The information recording medium according to claim 27, wherein the replacement area is provided between an area where the audio data is recorded and an area where the metadata is recorded. An information recording medium on which video data and audio data are recorded alternately and independently,
In the video data recording area, the video data and metadata are recorded,
Inside the video data recording area, or adjacent to the video data recording area, a replacement area is provided,
The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the replacement area is used as a replacement area shared by the video data and the metadata. 30. The information recording medium according to claim 29, wherein the replacement area is provided between an area where the video data is recorded and an area where the metadata is recorded.

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