JP2004251461A - Air temperature and hot water combination type vaporizer and air temperature and hot water combination type gas manufacturing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air temperature and hot water combination type vaporizer which is high in heat efficiency, and moreover, which can be easily handled for a long period of time, and an air temperature and hot water combination type gas manufacturing plant. <P>SOLUTION: The hot water supplied to an inner pipe 24 of a hot water pipe 22 flows inside the inner pipe 24 and flows out from the other end to the closed end part side of an outer pipe 23. The hot water flowed out to the closed end part side of the outer pipe 23 passes through an annular passage formed by the inner pipe 24 and the outer pipe 23. It flows in the direction opposite to the hot water flowing inside the inner pipe 24. It flows out to the outside from an opening part of the outer pipe 23. The liquefied gas supplied to a liquefied gas pipe 21 flows outside the outer pipe 23. It is heated by the hot water flowing in the hot water pipe 22 and vaporized. The vaporized gas is supplied to a mixer after heated to the gas temperature of ≥0°C at the temperature raising part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a vaporizer for vaporizing liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) such as liquefied propane gas or liquefied butane gas or liquefied natural gas (LNG), and particularly to a cold region, in cold weather in abnormal weather, or The present invention relates to an air / hot water type vaporizer that can be used even in a severe cold season, and a gas production plant using such a vaporizer. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used for producing natural gas from liquefied propane gas, liquefied butane gas, and propane gas and butane gas in which air is mixed, respectively, or liquefied natural gas.

  As disclosed in Patent Document 1, the present applicant has proposed a plant for producing 13A propane air gas by vaporizing liquefied propane gas by an air-temperature forced vaporizer and mixing it with air.

The air-heated forced vaporizer used in this 13A propane air gas production plant has a heat exchange section made of aluminum finned heat transfer tubes having a high heat transfer efficiency similar to liquid oxygen or liquid nitrogen. the heat transfer ^{coefficient: 25.3kg / m 3 · hr ·} ℃) is prepared in, whereas, liquefied propane gas flowing into the vaporizer, the liquefied propane gas under reduced pressure at a liquid inlet portion of the carburetor The boiling point is increased, that is, the temperature is set to about -27 ° C. in the case of 1 kg / cm ² · G, a temperature difference from the atmospheric temperature is created, and the gas is gasified by a finned heat transfer tube.

  As described above, the air temperature type forced vaporizer has a structure in which the liquefied propane gas is evaporated by the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the liquid temperature of the liquefied propane gas using the atmospheric temperature as a heat source. The production plant has a feature that the initial cost and the running cost of the equipment for the heat source equipment for evaporation are zero, and thus the city gas can be produced and supplied at extremely low cost.

  However, in the 13A propane air gas production plant according to the present applicant, the design capability of the air-temperature forced vaporizer is such that the initial temperature of the equipment is taken into consideration, and the ambient temperature is −8 ° C. or more, cloudy and no wind for 4 hours. Continuous operation is standard, and therefore may be difficult or even impossible to use in cold climates or extreme cold.

  For example, in Japan, for example, in southern Kanto, air-cooled forced carburetors with the above design specifications can be used satisfactorily.However, in other areas, the vaporization capacity in winter will decrease. Become. According to the results of experiments conducted by the applicant, northern Kanto is the northern limit.

  Also, even if it is south of Kanto, if continuous operation of the plant is continued, frost on the vaporizer will be severe, so a spare air-temperature forced vaporizer for switching will be required, which will increase the initial cost. .

  Further, when a hot water vaporizer is separately installed as a measure against a cold region or a severe cold season, the initial cost is further increased.

  Furthermore, in Japan, production of butane air gas from liquefied butane gas as a raw material has been attempted as a city gas production plant.

The liquefied butane used in the butane air gas plant has a high boiling point, that is, about 15 ° C. at 1 kg / cm ² · G, and is vaporized by a vaporizer using electricity, hot water, steam, or the like as a heat source. And it was not possible to use a conventional air-temperature forced vaporizer as used in a 13A propane air gas production plant as described above.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the applicant of the present invention has disclosed in Patent Literature 2 and Patent Literature 3 that switching operation can be performed depending on climatic conditions and the like, such as generally using an air temperature system in summer and a hot water system in winter. In addition, an air temperature / hot water type vaporizer capable of suitably vaporizing LPG even in a cold region or a severely cold season has been proposed.

  The air / hot water type vaporizer described in Patent Literature 2 includes a supply-side manifold, a discharge-side manifold, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes connecting the supply-side manifold and the discharge-side manifold. A liquefied petroleum gas pipe, and a jacket pipe disposed around the outside of the liquefied petroleum gas pipe. The liquefied petroleum gas pipe is supplied with liquefied petroleum gas, Was supplied with hot water.

  The air / hot water vaporizer described in Patent Literature 3 has the same configuration as the air / hot water vaporizer described in Patent Literature 2, except that a heating pipe is provided around the outside of the supply-side manifold. Is spirally wound and hot water is supplied into the heating tube.

  The air-heated / hot-water type vaporizer having such a configuration can increase the vaporization capacity and the evaporation capacity, efficiently remove frost on the apparatus caused by continuous operation, etc. It could be used efficiently in a 13A propane air gas production plant or a butane air gas production plant without the need for a vaporizer.

  As described in Patent Documents 4, 5, and 6, the present applicant further improved air-heated / hot-water type vaporizer using steam instead of hot water. The device was proposed.

  However, as a result of further research conducted by the applicant, the air-temperature / steam type vaporizer has a higher thermal conductivity than the air-temperature / hot water type vaporizer, and aims to increase the vaporization capacity and the evaporation capacity. However, it was found that maintenance and water management of the boiler were necessary, and the running cost was high.

On the other hand, the air temperature / hot water combined type vaporizer is compared with the air temperature / steam combined type vaporizer.
(1) Since hot water of 20 ° C. to 80 ° C. is used instead of steam, the temperature and pressure in the boiler can are low, so there is almost no scale adhesion and the service life is long.
(2) The equipment cost is low because a water softening device for water supply is unnecessary, and the running cost is low because a cleaning agent for water management is not required.
(3) Simple structure with few failures.
(4) Operation management and handling are easy.
It has been found that it has such advantages.
JP-A-61-180099 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-89879 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-89880 JP-A-6-94194 JP-A-9-287697 JP-A-9-287698

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to operate at a maximum temperature of 40 ° C. and a minimum temperature of −30 ° C., to be able to use a stable boiler, to have a very high thermal efficiency, and to solve the problems of an air temperature / steam type vaporizer. In addition, the need for boiler maintenance and water management is eliminated, running costs can be reduced, and further improvements in vaporization capacity and evaporation capacity can be achieved by improving the conventional air / hot water type vaporizer. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air-heated / hot-water type vaporizer that can be used, has extremely high thermal efficiency, and is easy to handle for a long time.

  Another object of the present invention is that switching operation is possible depending on climatic conditions and the like, such as an air temperature system in summer and a hot water system in winter, and even higher efficiency can be achieved even in cold regions or severe cold periods. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) are provided with an air / hot water type vaporizer capable of vaporizing liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG). An object of the present invention is to provide an air / hot water type gas production plant to be produced.

  The above objects are achieved by an air / hot water type vaporizer and an air / hot water type gas production plant according to the present invention.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the supply-side manifold, the discharge-side manifold, and one end are connected to the supply-side manifold, and the other end is connected to the discharge-side manifold, such that the longitudinal axis is horizontal. A plurality of heat transfer tubes, a hot water supply source connected to one end of the supply side manifold, and a liquefied gas manifold connected to the other end of the supply side manifold;
One end of each of the heat transfer tubes is connected along the longitudinal axis direction of the supply-side manifold, and a liquefied gas pipe to which a liquefied gas is supplied, and a liquefied gas pipe is disposed inside the liquefied gas pipe, and hot water is supplied. At least one hot water pipe having a double pipe structure,
One end of the liquefied gas pipe is connected to the hot water supply source to supply hot water to the inside of the hot water pipe, and the other end of the liquefied gas pipe is connected to the liquefied gas manifold to extend outside the hot water pipe in a longitudinal axis direction. Supply liquefied gas along
The hot water pipe has both ends open, an inner pipe whose one end opening is located near one end of the liquefied gas pipe, and one end opened and the inner pipe is inserted and installed inward through the opening, and the like. An end closed and an outer tube positioned at the other end opening of the liquefied gas tube;
The hot water supplied from the hot water supply source to the inner pipe flows in the inner pipe in the axial direction, flows out from the other end to the closed end side of the outer pipe, and the closed end of the outer pipe. The hot water flowing to the side flows through the annular passage formed by the inner pipe and the outer pipe, flows in the opposite direction to the hot water flowing inside the inner pipe, and the opening of the outer pipe Leaked out of the
The liquefied gas supplied to the liquefied gas pipe from the liquefied gas manifold through an end opening of the liquefied gas pipe flows in the axial direction outside the outer pipe, and is heated by hot water flowing in the hot water pipe. A liquefied gas that has been vaporized and not vaporized in the liquefied gas pipe is vaporized in the heat transfer tube, and an air temperature / hot water type vaporizer for vaporizing the liquefied gas is provided. .

According to one embodiment of the first invention, a flat plate is attached to a position adjacent to an end of the liquefied gas pipe on a side to which hot water is supplied, and a flat plate is provided between the end of the liquefied gas pipe and the flat plate. A hot water supply room in
An opening is formed in the flat plate, and one end of the inner pipe of the hot water pipe is attached in a liquid-tight manner,
Inside the liquefied gas pipe, a flange is attached at a position separated from the flat plate by a predetermined distance toward the inside of the liquefied gas pipe, and a hot water discharge chamber is defined between the flat plate and the flange.
An opening is formed in the flange, and an opening end of an outer pipe of the hot water pipe is liquid-tightly attached.

  According to another embodiment of the first invention, the liquefied gas pipe is formed by a first portion having the flat plate and a second portion to which the heat transfer tube is attached, The portion and the second portion are connected by sandwiching the flange to which the outer tube is attached.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a hot water supply source, a liquefied gas supply source, and a liquefied gas evaporator that vaporizes a liquefied gas supplied from the liquefied gas supply source by hot water supplied from the hot water supply source; A heating section for raising the temperature of the gas vaporized in the liquefied gas evaporating section to a predetermined temperature, and an air temperature / hot water type gas production plant, wherein the liquefied gas evaporating section is used for both air temperature and hot water. Air vaporizer / heated water vaporizer,
A supply-side manifold, a discharge-side manifold, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes, one end of which is connected to the supply-side manifold and the other end of which is connected to the discharge-side manifold; A hot water supply source connected to one end of the side manifold, and a liquefied gas manifold connected to the other end of the supply side manifold,
One end of each of the heat transfer tubes is connected along the longitudinal axis direction of the supply-side manifold, and a liquefied gas pipe to which a liquefied gas is supplied, and a liquefied gas pipe is disposed inside the liquefied gas pipe, and hot water is supplied. At least one hot water pipe having a double pipe structure,
One end of the liquefied gas pipe is connected to the hot water supply source to supply hot water to the inside of the hot water pipe, and the other end of the liquefied gas pipe is connected to the liquefied gas manifold to extend outside the hot water pipe in a longitudinal axis direction. Supply liquefied gas along
The hot water pipe has both ends open, an inner pipe whose one end opening is located near one end of the liquefied gas pipe, and one end opened and the inner pipe is inserted and installed inward through the opening, and the like. An end closed and an outer tube positioned at the other end opening of the liquefied gas tube;
The hot water supplied from the hot water supply source to the inner pipe flows in the inner pipe in the axial direction, flows out from the other end to the closed end side of the outer pipe, and the closed end of the outer pipe. The hot water flowing to the side flows through the annular passage formed by the inner pipe and the outer pipe, flows in the opposite direction to the hot water flowing inside the inner pipe, and the opening of the outer pipe Leaked out of the
The liquefied gas supplied to the liquefied gas pipe from the liquefied gas manifold through an end opening of the liquefied gas pipe flows in the axial direction outside the outer pipe, and is heated by hot water flowing in the hot water pipe. Liquefied gas that has been vaporized and not vaporized in the liquefied gas pipe is vaporized in the heat transfer tube,
The vaporized gas is sent to the heating unit to increase the temperature,
An air-heated / hot-water type gas production plant is provided.

  According to one embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the temperature raising unit includes an air temperature vaporizer, and the temperature of the vaporized gas is raised by the air temperature vaporizer.

  According to another embodiment of the second invention, the air-temperature vaporizer includes an upper supply manifold for receiving vaporized gas from the evaporator, and a lower manifold for receiving vaporized gas from the evaporator. And a plurality of heat transfer tubes connected between the supply-side manifold and the discharge-side manifold.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquefied gas is liquefied propane gas, liquefied butane gas, or liquefied natural gas.

  According to other embodiments of the present invention, the hot water is at about 20C to about 80C. Preferably, the warm water is water, antifreeze mixed water in which an antifreeze is mixed with water, or another heat medium. Further, the other heat medium may be an alternative Freon.

As described above, the air temperature / hot water type vaporizer according to the present invention and the air temperature / hot water type gas production plant equipped with such a vaporizer, the air temperature / hot water type vaporizer has a longitudinal axis. A supply-side manifold, a discharge-side manifold, a plurality of heat transfer tubes connected to the supply-side manifold at one end, and a plurality of heat-transfer tubes connected to the discharge-side manifold at the other end, and connected to one end of the supply-side manifold. A hot water supply source, and a liquefied gas manifold connected to the other end of the supply side manifold.The supply side manifold is connected to one end of each heat transfer tube along the longitudinal axis direction, and the liquefied gas is A liquefied gas pipe to be supplied, and at least one double pipe structure hot water pipe disposed inside the liquefied gas pipe and supplied with hot water, one end of the liquefied gas pipe serving as a hot water supply source Connected inside the hot water pipe The hot water is supplied, the other end is connected to the liquefied gas manifold, and the liquefied gas is supplied to the outside of the hot water pipe along the longitudinal axis direction.The hot water pipe is opened at both ends, and one end is opened at the liquefied gas pipe. An inner pipe positioned near one end of the liquefied gas pipe, one end of which is open and the inner pipe is inserted and installed inward through the opening, and the other end is closed and positioned at the other end of the liquefied gas pipe. The hot water supplied to the inner pipe from the hot water supply source flows in the inner pipe in the axial direction, flows out from the other end to the closed end side of the outer pipe, and the closed end of the outer pipe. The hot water flowing to the side flows through the annular passage formed by the inner pipe and the outer pipe, flows in the opposite direction to the hot water flowing inside the inner pipe, and flows from the opening of the outer pipe to the outside. The liquefied gas discharged and supplied from the liquefied gas manifold to the liquefied gas pipe through the end opening of the liquefied gas pipe has an axis outside the outer pipe. Flows countercurrent, is vaporized by being heated by the hot water flowing through the hot water pipe, since the liquefied gas not vaporized from the liquefied gas tube is configured to be vaporized in the heat transfer tube,
(1) Can operate at a maximum temperature of 40 ° C and a minimum temperature of -30 ° C, can use a stable boiler, has extremely high thermal efficiency, solves the problems of an air temperature / steam type vaporizer, and maintains the boiler. Management and water management are not required, and running costs can be reduced.
(2) The vaporization capacity and the evaporation capacity can be increased more than the conventional air / hot water type vaporizer is improved, the heat efficiency is extremely high, and the handling is easy in the long term.
(3) In general, switching operation can be performed according to climatic conditions, such as an air temperature type in summer and a hot water type in winter, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) can be more efficiently used even in cold regions or in severe cold periods. ) And liquefied natural gas (LNG).
It has various benefits.

  Hereinafter, an air / hot water type vaporizer and an air / hot water type gas production plant according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Example 1
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an embodiment of an air / hot water type vaporizer according to the present invention. According to the present embodiment, the air / hot water type vaporizer 1 has a supply-side manifold 2 and a discharge-side manifold 3, and a heat transfer tube 4 is provided between the supply-side manifold 2 and the discharge-side manifold 3. Are connected. Further, a heat transfer fin 4A is provided around the heat transfer tube 4 in order to improve the heat transfer (heat absorption) effect of the heat transfer tube 4.

  Further, in accordance with the present invention, as can be better understood with reference also to FIG. 2, the supply manifold 2 is provided with a liquefied petroleum gas or a liquefied natural gas supply pipe connected to each heat transfer tube 4. In this specification, it is simply referred to as “liquefied gas pipe”.) 21 and a hot water pipe 22 having a reflux-type double pipe structure disposed inside the liquefied gas pipe 21. One or a plurality of hot water pipes 22 can be arranged in the liquefied gas pipe 21 as desired. In this embodiment, four hot water pipes are arranged as shown in FIG.

  The hot water pipe 22 has an outer pipe 23 having one end closed and an open end, and an inner pipe 24 inserted into the outer pipe 23 and having both ends opened. A hot water supply pipe 25 is connected to one end of the liquefied gas pipe 21, that is, the left end in FIGS. 1 and 2. The other end of the liquefied gas pipe 21, that is, the right end in FIGS. 1 and 2 is connected to a liquefied gas manifold 26.

  Inside the liquefied gas pipe 21, a flat plate 27 is attached at a position adjacent to the end on the side where the hot water supply pipe 25 is connected, and a hot water supply chamber 28 is provided between the end of the liquefied gas pipe 21 and the flat plate 27. Is defined. An opening 29 is formed in the flat plate 27, and one end of the inner pipe 24 of the hot water pipe 22 is attached in a liquid-tight manner.

  Inside the liquefied gas pipe, a flange 30 is attached at a position separated from the flat plate 27 by a predetermined distance toward the inside of the liquefied gas pipe 21, and a hot water discharge chamber 31 is defined between the flange 30 and the flat plate 27. . An opening 32 is formed in the flange 30, and an open end of the outer pipe 23 of the hot water pipe 22 is attached in a liquid-tight manner.

  According to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the liquefied gas pipe 21 is formed by a first portion 21A having a flat plate 27 and a second portion 21B to which the heat transfer tube 4 is attached. The first portion 21A and the second portion 21B are integrally fixed with flanges 35 and 36 at their joint portions, respectively, and are united by connecting the flanges 35 and 36 with bolts and nuts 37. . At this time, the flange 30 to which the outer tube 23 is attached is held between the flange portions 35 and 36, and the outer tube 23 is attached to the liquefied gas tube 21. With the liquefied gas pipe 21 having such a configuration, assembly and disassembly are facilitated, and maintenance and management of the air / hot water type vaporizer 1 is facilitated.

  In the above configuration, the hot water supply pipe 25 is connected to the boiler 41 that constitutes the hot water supply source 40 via a pipe L1 including a flow meter 38 and a valve 39. Therefore, the hot water supplied from the hot water supply pipe 25 to the hot water supply chamber 28 of the liquefied gas pipe 21 flows into the inner pipe 24 of the hot water pipe 22, passes through the inner pipe 24, and is discharged from the other end of the inner pipe 24. It flows out to the pipe 23.

  The end of the outer tube 23 on the side from which the hot water flows out is closed as described above, so that the hot water flowing out to the outer tube 23 is formed into an annular space between the outer tube 23 and the inner tube 24. , Flows (refluxes) in the opposite direction to the hot water flowing through the inner pipe 24, and flows to the hot water discharge chamber 31. A hot water discharge pipe 33 is connected to the hot water discharge chamber 31, and is returned to the boiler 41 via a pipe L <b> 2 having a circulation pump 43.

  As described above, the hot water pipe 22 configured in accordance with the present invention has a reflux-type double pipe structure, and thus has extremely high thermal efficiency. As a result of the research experiments conducted by the present inventors, it has been found that the thermal efficiency is increased by about 2 to 3 times as compared with the conventional air / hot water type vaporizer.

  The hot water refluxed from the hot water discharge chamber 31 of the liquefied gas pipe 21 to the boiler 41 via the return pipe L2 is, for example, temperature detecting means (not shown) such as a thermistor disposed at an appropriate position in the pipe L1. ), The temperature of the hot water is detected, and the combustion of the boiler 41 is controlled based on the difference from the preset temperature, so that hot water of a predetermined temperature, for example, about 20 ° C. to 80 ° C., is always supplied to the line L1 and the hot water supply pipe 25 Is supplied to the hot water supply chamber 28 of the liquefied gas pipe 21 via the

  The amount of hot water circulated by the circulation pump 43 is automatically controlled by a signal from the flow meter 38 or the like. Therefore, the boiler 41 is adjusted so as to control the burner capacity according to the temperature and amount of the circulating hot water and to increase the boiler efficiency.

  The hot water supply source 40 is provided with an expansion tank 45 so as to always keep the pressure of the boiler 41 constant. The amount of water supplied to the expansion tank 45 via the valve 46 of the water supply line L3 is adjusted by a signal. The hot water in the expansion tank 45 is returned to the boiler 41 via a pipe line L2 provided with a circulation pump 43, and is used as a preheat source of raw water of the boiler 41.

  The amount of hot water supplied into the hot water supply chamber 28, that is, to each hot water pipe 22, is variously selected depending on the desired vaporization capacity of the air / hot water vaporizer 1.

  In the present invention, the liquid used as warm water may be ordinary water, but is preferably an antifreeze mixed water in which an antifreeze is mixed into water. It is for the following reasons.

  That is, for example, when liquefied propane gas is used as a raw material liquefied gas, low-temperature liquefied propane gas near -30 ° C. flows through the liquefied gas pipe 21 of the air / hot water type vaporizer 1. . Therefore, even if hot water of, for example, about 20 ° C. to 80 ° C. flows into the hot water pipe 22 at a flow rate of 0.2 to 0.4 L (liter) / minute, the inside near the liquefied gas pipe 21 Cooling due to liquefied gas close to -30 ° C, may cause freezing. Therefore, in order to prevent freezing, it is extremely preferable to mix an antifreeze solution, or in some cases, it is essential.

  As the antifreeze, a commercially available antifreeze containing 30 to 60% of ethylene glycol as a main component can be used, and the amount of the antifreeze varies depending on the conditions in which the vaporizer 1 is used or the region. = 4: 6.

  Needless to say, a heating medium other than the above-mentioned water or antifreeze mixed water can be used as the hot water flowing through the hot water pipe 22 of the liquefied gas pipe 21. For example, the air / hot water type vaporizer 1 of the present invention can also be used in a liquefied gas production plant using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a raw material liquefied gas. In this case, since the boiling point of the liquefied natural gas is as low as -162 ° C., the liquefied gas pipe 21 can use a heat medium other than the antifreeze mixed water, for example, an alternative Freon such as R22 or R134a. . In the case of using alternative CFCs, there is a problem in a liquefied gas production plant using liquefied natural gas (LNG), such as white smoke countermeasures in the liquefied gas evaporator provided with the air / hot water type vaporizer 1 Is also effective.

  In the case where water or a heat medium other than antifreeze mixed water is used as the hot water, a hot water supply system similar to that shown in FIG. 1 can be used. For example, when a heat medium such as an alternative Freon is used as the hot water, The pump 43 is a pump for an alternative CFC, and the design is appropriately changed according to the characteristics of the heat medium, such as using an alternative CFC supply device instead of the tank 45.

  As understood above, the term "warm water" as used in the present invention does not only mean water or mixed antifreeze water, but also includes various other heat mediums. I want to be understood.

Example 2
Next, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIGS. 4 to 7, a liquefied gas production plant using the air / hot water type vaporizer 1 according to the present invention configured as described above will be further described.

  In this embodiment, the liquefied propane gas is used as a raw material liquefied gas, and the vaporized propane gas and air are mixed by a mixer to produce 13A propane air gas. It is assumed that the dual-purpose vaporizer 1 is used. Further, in this embodiment, the antifreeze mixed water is used as the warm water, but as described above, various heat media can be used as the warm water, and the present invention is not limited to this.

  The 13A propane air gas production plant has a liquefied gas evaporator 60 for evaporating the liquefied gas supplied from the liquefied gas supply source 50 by hot water from the hot water boiler 41 of the hot water supply source 40, and a liquefied gas evaporator 60. And a temperature raising unit 70 for raising the temperature of the discharged gas to a predetermined temperature.

  In the present embodiment, the liquefied gas evaporator 60 includes a first liquefied gas evaporator 61 and a second liquefied gas evaporator 62. The first liquefied gas evaporator 61 and the second liquefied gas evaporator 62 constitute the above-described air / hot water type vaporizer 1 of the present invention. Since the first liquefied gas evaporator 61 and the second liquefied gas evaporator 62 have the same configuration, the first liquefied gas evaporator 61 will be described.

  In the present embodiment, the first liquefied gas evaporating section 61 includes nine liquefied gas pipes 21, and ten heat transfer tubes 4 are connected to each liquefied gas pipe 21. Each liquefied gas pipe 21 has a hot water supply pipe 25 and a hot water discharge pipe 33 connected to one end thereof connected to a hot water supply manifold 63 and a hot water discharge manifold 64, respectively. The other end of each liquefied gas pipe 21 is connected to a liquefied gas supply source 50 via a liquefied gas supply manifold 26 and a pipe 51. In this embodiment, the liquefied gas supply source 50 is a liquefied propane gas (LPG) source.

  In the present embodiment, each liquefied gas pipe 21 is an aluminum pipe having an outer diameter of 6 cm, a wall thickness of 2.5 mm, and a length of about 200 cm, and four hot water pipes 22 are disposed inside the pipe. The hot water pipe 22 has an outer pipe 23 made of a stainless steel pipe having an outer diameter of 1.8 cm, a wall thickness of 1.5 mm and a length of about 195 cm, and an inner pipe 24 has an outer diameter of 1.0 cm and a wall thickness of 1 cm. A stainless steel tube having a length of about 1.0 mm and a length of about 210 cm was used. In this embodiment, the liquefied propane gas (LPG) is supplied into each liquefied gas pipe 21 at about 26 L / min, the hot water is controlled at 20 ° C. to 80 ° C., and the inner pipe 24 of each hot water pipe 22 is supplied. At a flow rate of about 100 L / min.

  In the above configuration, the liquefied gas evaporator 60, that is, the air temperature / hot water type vaporizer, has a hot water pipe during continuous operation for 4 hours in an air temperature of −8 ° C. or higher, cloudy, and no wind, as in summer. No hot water is circulated in 22. Therefore, the air temperature / hot water type vaporizer simply acts as an air temperature vaporizer. That is, the liquefied propane gas (LPG) supplied to the air / hot water type vaporizer flows from the supply side manifold 2, that is, the liquefied gas pipe 21 to the discharge side manifold 3 via the heat transfer tube 4. At this time, the liquefied propane gas is vaporized by the action of the heat transfer tube 4 and the heat transfer fin 4A to become propane gas (G).

  On the other hand, when used in an extremely cold season when the atmospheric temperature is lower than −8 ° C., or in a cold region, hot water at a predetermined temperature is supplied from the hot water boiler 41 of the hot water supply source 40 via the supply line L1. And supplied into the hot water pipe 22 of the supply side manifold 2.

  The liquefied propane gas (LPG) is fed into the supply side manifold 2, that is, into the liquefied gas pipe 21, and inside the supply side manifold 2, a hot water pipe 22 having a reflux-type double pipe structure is provided. Performs heat exchange with flowing hot water, thereby being vaporized. The vaporized propane gas (G) flows through the heat transfer tube 4 to the discharge side manifold 3. Therefore, in general, the liquefied propane gas is not vaporized in the heat transfer tube 4, but the liquefied propane gas not vaporized in the supply side manifold 2 is completely vaporized in the heat transfer tube 4.

  The propane gas (G) vaporized as described above is usually in a low temperature state equal to or lower than the atmospheric temperature (for example, -5 to -30 ° C in Japan). After passing through 66, 67, 68, 69, etc., it is fed to the temperature raising unit 70. The temperature raising unit 70 is a normal air temperature vaporizer, and raises the temperature of propane gas to an atmospheric temperature such as 0 ° C. or higher. The propane gas at the atmospheric temperature is then fed to a mixer and mixed with air by a method described in, for example, JP-A-61-180099. It is supplied to consumers such as ordinary households via roads (not shown).

Example 3
In the description of the second embodiment, the hot water heating of the supply-side manifold 2 has been described as being used in a severely cold season where the atmospheric temperature is lower than −8 ° C. or in a cold region. If frost forms on the heat tube 4 or the heat transfer fins 4A, hot water heating can be performed, whereby such frost can be automatically removed, and a switch for removing frost is formed. The need for a pre-vaporizer is avoided.

  In the above description, the case of the 13A propane air gas production plant in which the air / hot water type vaporizer 1 of the present invention is configured as the liquefied gas evaporator 60 and liquefied propane gas is used as the liquefied raw material gas has been described. The air / hot water type vaporizer 1 of the present invention can be suitably used even when another LPG, for example, liquefied butane is used as the liquefied raw material gas.

That is, liquefied butane used in a butane air gas plant has a high boiling point, that is, about 15 ° C. in the case of 1 kg / cm ² · G, and it is impossible to use a conventional air-temperature forced vaporizer. In addition, the air / hot water type vaporizer 1 of the present invention can be suitably used, and the vaporization of liquefied butane can be achieved extremely efficiently.

  Further, the air-heated / hot-water type vaporizer 1 of the present invention has a very high thermal efficiency because the hot water pipe 22 has a reflux-type double pipe structure. It has twice the thermal efficiency, that is, 2-3 times, and can be suitably used for vaporization of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Therefore, if desired, the 13A propane air gas production plant described above can be diverted as it is, which is extremely convenient. However, liquefied natural gas has a vaporization temperature of -162 ° C, which is lower than -25 ° C to -30 ° C of liquefied propane gas (LPG). Therefore, gas using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a liquefied gas source is used. In the case of realizing a production plant, it is necessary to increase the number of heat transfer tubes in the evaporator in the 13A propane air gas production plant, the supply of hot water, and the like, and furthermore, it is necessary to add a heater. Is done.

Example 4
The 13A propane air gas production plant described in Embodiment 2 can produce 13A propane air gas extremely efficiently using liquefied propane gas as a raw material liquefied gas, but performs continuous operation at an atmospheric temperature of 0 ° C. or lower. In such a case, the temperature of the vaporized gas becomes 0 ° C. or lower, and it may be necessary to prevent problems due to freezing of control valves and auxiliary parts related to the vapor mixer and to secure the supply gas temperature.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, a heating unit is further provided in the air-temperature vaporizer constituting the temperature raising unit 70. FIGS. 8 and 9 show the temperature raising section 70 in the present embodiment, and FIG. 10 shows an example of an air-temperature vaporizer 71 having a heating means.

  According to the present embodiment, the air-temperature vaporizer 71 is located above the supply-side manifold 72 that receives the vaporized gas from the evaporator 60, and is located below and receives the vaporized gas, and the vapor mixer (see FIG. Discharge manifold (not shown). A large number of heat transfer tubes 74 are connected between the supply-side manifold 72 and the discharge-side manifold 73. Further, a heat transfer fin 74A is provided around the heat transfer tube 74 in order to improve the heat transfer (heat absorption) effect of the heat transfer tube 74. In FIG. 10, the heat transfer tube 74 is a straight tube, but is not limited to this. The heat transfer tube 74 may be a curved tube that reciprocates a plurality of times between the supply-side manifold 72 and the discharge-side manifold 73. Is also possible. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the heat transfer tube 74 extends downward from the supply-side manifold 72, turns upward without being connected to the discharge-side manifold 73, and then turns downward again. And can be connected to the discharge side manifold 73.

  According to this embodiment, the discharge side manifold 73 has a structure provided with a heating means. That is, the discharge-side manifold 73 includes a vaporized gas pipe 76 to which the vaporized gas communicated with each heat transfer tube 74 is supplied, and a hot water pipe 77 having a double-pipe structure disposed inside the vaporized gas pipe 76. Having. One or a plurality of hot water pipes 77 as heating means can be disposed in the vaporized gas pipe 76 as desired. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. I have.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the hot water pipe 77 may be a finned hot water pipe in which a large number of fins 77a protruding in the radial direction and extending along the axial direction are arranged in the circumferential direction. By using the hot water pipe 77 having such a configuration, good results can be obtained.

  The hot water pipe 77 is supplied with hot water at one end, flows out of the other end, exchanges heat with the vaporized gas supplied to the discharge side manifold 73, and heats the vaporized gas. Thereby, the vaporized gas (G) discharged from the discharge side manifold 73 is set to 0 ° C. or higher.

  As the hot water, water, antifreeze mixed water, and other heat medium such as CFC alternative can be used as in the case of the air / hot water vaporizer 1 described in the first embodiment.

Example 5
FIGS. 12 to 14 show another embodiment of the air temperature evaporator 71 having a heating unit 70 and a heating means which can be used in the present invention, similarly to the fourth embodiment.

  According to this embodiment, the air-temperature vaporizer 71 has the same configuration as the air-temperature vaporizer described in the fourth embodiment, except for the structure of the discharge-side manifold 73.

  Further, the discharge-side manifold 73 has the same configuration as the configuration of the supply-side manifold 2 of the air / hot water type vaporizer 1 described in the first embodiment. Therefore, members having the same configuration and function as those of the configuration of the supply side manifold 2 for both the air temperature / hot water type vaporizer 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  That is, the discharge side manifold 73 of the present embodiment is connected to the vaporized gas pipe 21 communicating with each heat transfer tube 74 (the vaporized gas is supplied to the air vaporizer 71 of the present embodiment instead of the liquefied gas. The liquefied gas pipe 21 in FIG. 1 is referred to as a “vaporized gas pipe.”) And a hot water pipe 22 having a reflux-type double pipe structure disposed inside the vaporized gas pipe 21.

  The structures and operations of the vaporized gas pipe 21 and the hot water pipe 22 are the same as those described in the first embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, the hot water supplied to the hot water pipe 22 exchanges heat with the vaporized gas supplied from the supply manifold 72 to the discharge side manifold 73 to heat the vaporized gas. Thus, the vaporized gas discharged from the discharge side manifold 73 is set to 0 ° C. or higher.

  As the hot water, as described in the first embodiment, water, antifreeze mixed water, and other heat medium such as CFC alternative can be used as in the case of the air / hot water vaporizer 1. .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the air temperature / hot water combined use type vaporization apparatus which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a supply-side manifold of the air / hot water vaporizer according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the liquefied gas pipe taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a side view of the supply-side manifold of the air / hot water vaporizer according to the present invention as viewed from the right side in FIG. 2. FIG. 1 is a front view of an air / hot water type gas production plant according to the present invention. It is a top view of the air temperature / hot water type gas production plant concerning the present invention. 1 is a rear view of an air / hot water type gas production plant according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a front view showing another embodiment of the heating unit in the air / hot water type gas production plant according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the air / hot water type gas production plant according to the present invention shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an air-temperature vaporizer used for the temperature raising unit illustrated in FIG. 8. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI of FIG. 10 for explaining another embodiment of the hot water pipe. FIG. 9 is a front view showing another embodiment of the heating unit in the air / hot water type gas production plant according to the present invention. FIG. 13 is a plan view of the air / hot water type gas production plant according to the present invention shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an air temperature vaporizer used for the temperature raising unit illustrated in FIG. 12.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air temperature / hot water type vaporizer 2 Supply side manifold 3 Discharge side manifold 4 Heat transfer tube 21 Liquefied gas pipe (vaporized gas pipe)
22 Hot water pipe 23 Outer pipe 24 Inner pipe 27 Flat plate 28 Hot water supply chamber 30 Flange 31 Hot water discharge chamber 40 Hot water supply source 41 Hot water boiler 45 Expansion tank 50 Liquefied gas supply source 60 Evaporation unit 70 Heating unit 71 Air heating vaporizer 72 Supply Side manifold 73 Discharge side manifold 74 Heat transfer tube 76 Vaporized gas pipe 77 Hot water pipe 77a Fin

Claims (14)

A supply-side manifold, a discharge-side manifold, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes, one end of which is connected to the supply-side manifold and the other end of which is connected to the discharge-side manifold; A hot water supply source connected to one end of the side manifold, and a liquefied gas manifold connected to the other end of the supply side manifold,
One end of each of the heat transfer tubes is connected along the longitudinal axis direction of the supply-side manifold, and a liquefied gas pipe to which a liquefied gas is supplied, and a liquefied gas pipe is disposed inside the liquefied gas pipe, and hot water is supplied. At least one hot water pipe having a double pipe structure,
One end of the liquefied gas pipe is connected to the hot water supply source to supply hot water to the inside of the hot water pipe, and the other end of the liquefied gas pipe is connected to the liquefied gas manifold to extend outside the hot water pipe in a longitudinal axis direction. Supply liquefied gas along
The hot water pipe has both ends open, an inner pipe whose one end opening is located near one end of the liquefied gas pipe, and one end opened and the inner pipe is inserted and installed inward through the opening, and the like. An end closed and an outer tube positioned at the other end opening of the liquefied gas tube;
The hot water supplied from the hot water supply source to the inner pipe flows in the inner pipe in the axial direction, flows out from the other end to the closed end side of the outer pipe, and the closed end of the outer pipe. The hot water flowing to the side flows through the annular passage formed by the inner pipe and the outer pipe, flows in the opposite direction to the hot water flowing inside the inner pipe, and the opening of the outer pipe Leaked out of the
The liquefied gas supplied to the liquefied gas pipe from the liquefied gas manifold through an end opening of the liquefied gas pipe flows in the axial direction outside the outer pipe, and is heated by hot water flowing in the hot water pipe. A liquefied gas that has been vaporized and not vaporized in the liquefied gas pipe is vaporized in the heat transfer tube. An air temperature / hot water type vaporizer for vaporizing a liquefied gas.   The air / hot water type vaporizer according to claim 1, wherein the liquefied gas is liquefied propane gas, liquefied butane gas, or liquefied natural gas.   The air / hot water vaporizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hot water has a temperature of about 20C to about 80C.   4. The air / hot water type vaporizer according to claim 1, wherein the hot water is water, antifreeze mixed water in which antifreeze is mixed with water, or another heat medium.   5. The air / hot water type vaporizer according to claim 4, wherein the other heat medium includes a CFC substitute. A flat plate is attached at a position adjacent to an end of the liquefied gas pipe to which hot water is supplied, and a hot water supply chamber is defined between the end of the liquefied gas pipe and the flat plate,
An opening is formed in the flat plate, and one end of the inner pipe of the hot water pipe is attached in a liquid-tight manner,
Inside the liquefied gas pipe, a flange is attached at a position separated from the flat plate by a predetermined distance toward the inside of the liquefied gas pipe, and a hot water discharge chamber is defined between the flat plate and the flange.
The air / hot water type according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an opening is formed in the flange, and an open end of an outer pipe of the hot water pipe is attached in a liquid-tight manner. Vaporizer.   The liquefied gas pipe is formed by a first part having the flat plate and a second part to which the heat transfer tube is attached, and the first part and the second part are attached by the outer pipe. 7. The air / hot water type vaporizer according to claim 6, wherein the flange is connected with the flange. A hot water supply source, a liquefied gas supply source, a liquefied gas evaporator for evaporating a liquefied gas supplied from the liquefied gas supply source by hot water supplied from the hot water supply source, and a liquefied gas evaporator for vaporizing the liquefied gas evaporator. A liquefied gas evaporator, comprising: an air temperature / hot water type vaporizer, wherein the liquefied gas evaporator comprises an air temperature / hot water type vaporizer. The hot and hot water type vaporizer is
A supply-side manifold, a discharge-side manifold, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes, one end of which is connected to the supply-side manifold and the other end of which is connected to the discharge-side manifold; A hot water supply source connected to one end of the side manifold, and a liquefied gas manifold connected to the other end of the supply side manifold,
One end of each of the heat transfer tubes is connected along the longitudinal axis direction of the supply-side manifold, and a liquefied gas pipe to which a liquefied gas is supplied, and a liquefied gas pipe is disposed inside the liquefied gas pipe, and hot water is supplied. At least one hot water pipe having a double pipe structure,
One end of the liquefied gas pipe is connected to the hot water supply source to supply hot water to the inside of the hot water pipe, and the other end of the liquefied gas pipe is connected to the liquefied gas manifold to extend outside the hot water pipe in a longitudinal axis direction. Supply liquefied gas along
The hot water pipe has both ends open, an inner pipe whose one end opening is located near one end of the liquefied gas pipe, and one end opened and the inner pipe is inserted and installed inward through the opening, and the like. An end closed and an outer tube positioned at the other end opening of the liquefied gas tube;
The hot water supplied from the hot water supply source to the inner pipe flows in the inner pipe in the axial direction, flows out from the other end to the closed end side of the outer pipe, and the closed end of the outer pipe. The hot water flowing to the side flows through the annular passage formed by the inner pipe and the outer pipe, flows in the opposite direction to the hot water flowing inside the inner pipe, and the opening of the outer pipe Leaked out of the
The liquefied gas supplied to the liquefied gas pipe from the liquefied gas manifold through an end opening of the liquefied gas pipe flows in the axial direction outside the outer pipe, and is heated by hot water flowing in the hot water pipe. Liquefied gas that has been vaporized and not vaporized in the liquefied gas pipe is vaporized in the heat transfer tube,
The vaporized gas is sent to the heating unit to increase the temperature,
An air / hot water type gas production plant characterized by the following.   9. The air / hot water combined gas production plant according to claim 8, wherein the liquefied gas is liquefied propane gas, liquefied butane gas, or liquefied natural gas.   The air / hot water combined gas production plant according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the hot water is at about 20C to about 80C.   The air / hot water type gas production plant according to claim 8, 9 or 10, wherein the hot water is water, antifreeze mixed water in which antifreeze is mixed with water, or another heat medium.   The air / hot water type gas production plant according to claim 11, wherein the other heat medium includes a CFC substitute.   The air temperature / hot water type gas according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the temperature raising unit includes an air temperature vaporizer, and the vapor temperature gas is heated by the air temperature vaporizer. Manufacturing plant.   The air-temperature vaporizer includes a supply-side manifold located above and receiving a vaporized gas from the evaporator, a discharge-side manifold located below and receiving the vaporized gas and sending it to a vapor mixer, 14. The air / hot water combined gas production plant according to claim 13, further comprising a plurality of heat transfer tubes connected between a supply side manifold and the discharge side manifold.

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