JP2004238816A - Window opening and closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a window opening and closing device which is relatively simple in the structure, excellent in durability, and effective in the production cost, which can open/close the window in ventilation and open the window quickly in emergency. <P>SOLUTION: The window opening/closing device is provided with a horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotating a chain gear 20 and moving the window in the opening or closing state by displacement of a push pull chain 21, a coil spring 17 accumulating an elastic force in the direction opening the window by an elastic deformation in the twisting direction corresponding to the rotation of the horizontal rotary shaft 5 when rotating the horizontal rotary shaft 5 in the window closing direction, and couplers 27, 28 connecting the handle 23 to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 when switchably connecting to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 to open/close the window. The window opening/closing device is so constituted that the chain gear 20 is rotated in the window opening direction by releasing the elastic force of the coil spring 17 by disconnecting from the horizontal rotary shaft 5 to move out the push pull chain 21, when opening the window in an emergency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a window opening / closing device provided in a building, a house, or the like for ventilation or smoke emission, and more particularly to an improved window opening / closing device capable of quickly opening a window with a simple operation at the time of smoke emission.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the window opening / closing device for ventilation and smoke evacuation, the wire is wound on the drum while operating the planetary gear mechanism via the clutch member by manual operation of the handle, or the wire is opened from the drum to open and close the window. An operation is performed (for example, see Patent Document 1). In order to open the window at once at the time of smoke exhaustion, etc., the ratchet is unlocked with the pawl gear by the operator, the drum is freely rotated, the wire is fed out, and the window is lowered by its own weight.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2000-234469 (page 3, FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned window opening / closing device, the wire is connected to the window and is always in tension, and the tension is repeatedly applied to the wire every time it is wound up. There is a need to. In addition, since complicated components such as a planetary gear mechanism are connected to the drum as rotation transmission means, manufacturing costs increase, and when transmitting the rotation of the handle to gears such as the planetary gear mechanism and the ratchet wheel, backlash causes There is a problem that unpleasant noise is generated because the tips of the gears continuously contact each other.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a window opening / closing device that can smoothly perform window opening / closing operations with a relatively simple structure and that can perform quick window opening operations. To provide.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an excellent durable performance, to enable a smooth opening and closing operation of a window in terms of manufacturing cost, to reduce gear noise caused by backlash, and to quickly open a window in an emergency. An object of the present invention is to provide a window opening / closing device capable of realizing an operation.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the window opening / closing device according to the present invention, the window operating means provided so as to be displaceable in the opening / closing direction with respect to the window, and the window operating means is moved by the operating means to open / close the window between the open position and the closed position. A rotating shaft for rotating the rotating shaft in the window closing direction, and elastically deforming means for elastically deforming the rotating shaft to accumulate elastic force in the window opening direction when the rotating shaft is rotated. When displacing the rotating shaft, the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deforming means is released to apply a rotating force in the fenestration direction to the rotating shaft (claim 1).
Also, a chain gear that bridges a chain whose one end is connected to the window, a rotating shaft that rotates the chain gear by the operating means to move the chain, and opens and closes the window between an open position and a closed position, When the rotating shaft is rotated in the window closing direction, the window is formed by elastically deforming means that elastically deforms in accordance with the rotation of the rotating shaft and accumulates elastic force in the window opening direction, and operating means switchably connected to the rotating shaft. When the opening / closing displacement is performed, the chain is released by releasing the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deformation means by releasing the connection to the rotating shaft by the connection switching means when the window is urgently opened, and the connection switching means when the window is urgently opened. An operation lever for feeding the chain while rotating the gear in the fenestration direction is provided (claim 2).
[0007]
Function and Effect of the Invention
(About claim 1)
When the window is opened and closed, the rotating shaft is rotated to move the window operating means to displace the window between the open position and the closed position. When the rotating shaft is rotated in the window closing direction, an elastic force is accumulated in the elastic deformation means by elastic deformation in the torsional direction. When the window is opened, an initial torque is applied to the rotating shaft by the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deformation means, and the window operating means is sent out in the opening direction while rotating the rotating shaft. Therefore, the opening and closing operation of the window can be smoothly performed with a relatively simple structure to which the window operating means, the rotating shaft and the elastic deformation means are attached, and the quick opening operation can be realized when the window is opened.
[0008]
(About claim 2)
When the window is opened or closed, the rotating shaft is rotated to move the chain and displace the window between the open position and the closed position. When the rotating shaft is rotated in the window closing direction, an elastic force is accumulated in the elastic deformation means by elastic deformation in the torsional direction. When the window is urgently opened, the connection to the rotating shaft is released by operating the connection switching means. For this reason, the chain is sent out in the fenestration direction while rotating the chain gear with the initial torque generated by the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deformation means.
At this time, since a chain is used for opening and closing the window, unlike a wire, even if it is repeatedly subjected to a tensile force, it does not easily fatigue and its durability is improved and the life is extended. At the time of emergency opening of the window, the quick opening operation can be realized by the initial torque in the opening direction applied to the chain gear by the elastic force of the elastic deformation means.
In addition, since a relatively simple structure including the chain, the chain gear, the rotating shaft, and the elastic deformation means is sufficient, it contributes to a reduction in manufacturing cost as well as a reduction in the size and space of the whole. In particular, when the required stroke in the fenestration direction is small, a window urging means such as a stay damper for urging in the fenestration direction is not required, which simplifies the structure and is advantageous in cost. Further, the elastic force of the elastic deformation means acts as a rotational urging force on the meshing portion in the direction of the fenestration, and acts to eliminate backlash between meshing parts such as a chain and a chain gear. For this reason, when operating the window in the window opening direction by the operating means, it is possible to reduce gear noise caused by backlash.
[0009]
(About claim 3)
The elastic deformation means is a coil spring capable of receiving the rotation of the rotary shaft and accumulating the elastic force in the torsional direction. For this reason, the elastic deformation means can be an existing part having a simple structure, and can be obtained relatively inexpensively, which is advantageous in cost.
(About claim 4)
Since the window urging means is provided for urging the window in the opening direction with the opening of the window, a large stroke can be obtained in the opening operation of the window.
[0010]
(About claim 5)
Since the connection switching means is a pair of couplers that can be disengaged from each other, the connection switching means has a simple structure and is advantageous in cost.
[0011]
(About claim 6)
Transmission of the rotating shaft to the chain gear is performed by meshing a worm gear provided on the rotating shaft with a pinion provided on the chain gear. Since the rotation of the pinion is not transmitted to the worm gear, the window can be maintained at a desired degree of opening when the window is opened and closed by engagement of the pinion and the worm gear.
[0012]
(About claim 7)
Emergency opening of windows means that smoke generated in the building is discharged, so that windows can be opened quickly in the event of a fire, contributing to preventing the spread of disasters.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2, a window 2 provided with a window opening / closing device 1 according to the present invention is provided with a rectangular window frame 3, a downward-opening ventilation window that can swing between a window closing position and a window opening position, and Also serves as a smoke exhaust window. Between the window 2 and the window frame 3, stay dampers 4 are provided as window urging means on the left and right, and urge in the opening direction as the window 2 is opened. On the lower frame 3a of the window frame 3, a horizontal rotating shaft 5 of the window opening / closing device 1 is provided in a substantially horizontal direction. The left end of the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is fitted with an opening stopper 7 composed of a gear train 6, and the right end is connected to a turning box 8 in which a helical gear (not shown) is provided. The opening stopper 7 locks the rotation of the gear train 6 and stops the opening of the window 2 when the window 2 is displaced in the opening direction from the closed position and reaches a predetermined opening. The turning box 8 transmits the rotation from the vertical rotary shaft 9 described later to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 while changing the direction by approximately 90 degrees.
[0014]
Above the horizontal rotating shaft 5, a horizontally long case 10 is attached to the lower frame bar 3a along the horizontal rotating shaft 5, as shown in FIGS. A support rod 11 extends from the left end of the case 10 across the horizontal rotary shaft 5, and a support frame 13 extends from a right end through a bracket 12. A driven gear 15 meshed with a transmission gear 14 fitted to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is supported in the support frame 13. A ring-shaped collar 16 is attached to the driven gear 15, and a mandrel (not shown) parallel to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is connected to the support rod 11. A coil spring 17 as an elastic deformation means is wound around this mandrel, one end of which is connected to the collar 16 and the other end is connected to the support rod 11. As will be described later, the coil spring 17 receives rotation from the horizontal rotary shaft 5 when the window 2 is closed, accumulates a torsional elastic force by elastic deformation, and urges the horizontal rotary shaft 5 to rotate in the window opening direction.
[0015]
A worm gear 18 meshing with a pinion 19 is formed on the horizontal rotary shaft 5 located at the right end of the case 10. The pinion 19 has a chain gear 20 concentrically fixed on the upper part thereof. The push-pull chain 21 is an example of a chain and functions as window operating means. The push-pull chain 21 has a relatively high rigidity in the longitudinal direction and a property of excellent straightness, and is displaced in the opening and closing directions as the window 2 opens and closes. One end 21 a of the push-pull chain 21 is connected to the window 2, and the other end 21 b is hung over the chain gear 20 and is interposed between the chain gear 20 and the inner wall of the case 10 to engage with the chain gear 20. keeping.
[0016]
Below the window frame 3, a handle box 22 connected to the vertical rotary shaft 9 is provided on the indoor side as shown in FIG. The handle 23 is provided as an operating means, and is connected to the turning gear 25 through a clutch 24 disposed in the handle box 22 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and changes the transmission direction upward by 90 degrees. The clutch portion 24 has a structure in which the rotational force of the handle 23 is transmitted to the turning gear portion 25 in either direction, but the rotational force from the turning gear portion 25 is not transmitted to the handle 23. A vertical switching shaft 26 having a coupler 27 at the top is connected to the turning gear portion 25 as connection switching means so as to be displaceable in the axial direction. A connection shaft 29 having a coupler 28 with which the coupler 27 of the switching shaft 26 is disengaged is disposed above the switching shaft 26 as connection switching means.
[0017]
The distal end of the connecting shaft 29 is coaxial with and close to the intermediate shaft 30 fitted to the vertical rotary shaft 9 existing in the handle box 22. The connection shaft 29 and the intermediate shaft 30 have transmission gears 31 and 32 fitted thereon. The bypass shaft 33 is arranged in parallel with the connecting shaft 29 and the intermediate shaft 30 and vertically fits bypass gears 34 and 35. The upper side gear 34 meshes with the transmission gears 31 and 32, and the lower side gear 35 meshes only with the transmission gear 31. The bypass gear 35 of the bypass shaft 33 locks the rotation when the handle 23 is rotated in the window closing direction to complete the closing of the window 2 to prevent the rotation of the connecting shaft 29 as described later, The rotation of 23 is stopped so that the window 2 is not tightened to the window frame 3 with an unnecessary large pressing force.
[0018]
An operation lever 36 is attached to the handle box 22 above the handle 23. The operation lever 36 is operated, for example, to discharge smoke in the building in an emergency when a fire or the like occurs in the building, and quickly opens windows to prevent the spread of disaster as described later. The support shaft 37 of the operation lever 36 is connected to a switching plate 40 via links 38 and 39. The switching plate 40, which is substantially L-shaped, holds the coupler 27 of the switching shaft 26 between fork-shaped scissors 40a.
[0019]
In the above configuration, in order to open the window 2 for indoor ventilation or the like, the handle 23 is manually rotated in a direction indicated by an arrow A in FIG. By the rotation of the handle 23, the clutch portion 24, the turning gear portion 25, the switching shaft 26, the couplers 27 and 28, the transmission gear 31 of the connecting shaft 29, the side gear 34 of the side shaft 33, the transmission gear 32 and the intermediate portion of FIG. The gear train connecting trunk 41 composed of the shaft 30 is rotated in the direction shown by the arrow P, and the vertical rotary shaft 9 is rotated in the direction shown by the arrow C. With the rotation of the vertical rotary shaft 9, the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates via the turning box 8 in the direction indicated by the arrow D in FIG. The rotation of the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is transmitted to the pinion 19 via the worm gear 18 to rotate the chain gear 20 in the direction indicated by the arrow E in FIG.
[0020]
Along with this, the elastic force of the coil spring 17 to be described later is released while being assisted by the urging force of the stay damper 4 in the fenestration direction. The window 2 is moved upward and displaced to the fenestration position as shown in FIG. In this case, since the feed amount of the push-pull chain 21 is determined by the degree of rotation of the handle 23, the window 2 can be opened at a desired degree of opening according to the rotation of the handle 23. When the opening degree of the window 2 reaches the maximum set amount, the rotation of the gear train 6 of the opening degree stopper 7 is blocked, so that the rotation of the handle 23 is locked and the displacement in the opening direction is stopped.
[0021]
To close window 2 after opening, handle 23 is rotated in the direction opposite to arrow A. As a result, the vertical rotary shaft 9 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow C via the gear train connecting trunk 41, and the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow D. The rotation of the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is transmitted to the pinion 19 via the worm gear 18 to rotate the chain gear 20 in the direction opposite to the arrow E, thereby pulling the push-pull chain 21 in the direction opposite to the arrow F. The rotation of the chain gear 20 causes the push-pull chain 21 to retract the window 2 and move downward from the window position in FIG. 2 to the window position in FIG. 1 against the urging force of the stay damper 4.
[0022]
At this time, depending on the degree of rotation of the handle 23, it is assumed that the retracted amount of the push-pull chain 21 becomes excessive and the window 2 is fastened to the window frame 3 with an unnecessarily large pressing force. In order to prevent this, when the pressing force against the window frame 3 becomes appropriate, the side gear 35 of the side shaft 33 is locked to stop the rotation of the handle 23 so that the handle 23 does not rotate excessively in the window closing direction. ing. Then, as the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow D, this rotational force is transmitted to the transmission gear 14 and the coil spring 17 is moved via the driven gear 15 and the collar 16 in the direction shown by the arrow G in FIG. The elastic force in the fenestration direction is accumulated inside by twisting and winding and elastic deformation in the torsional direction. For this reason, the coil spring 17 applies an initial torque to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 via the collar 16, the driven gear 15 and the transmission gear 14 by an elastic force as a rotational urging force in the window closing direction.
[0023]
In the event of an emergency such as a fire, the operation lever 36 is pulled toward the user in order to set the smoke emission mode to discharge smoke in the building to the outside. Thereby, the support shaft 37 of the operation lever 36 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow H in FIG. 6 to extend the links 38 and 39 downward as indicated by the arrow J in FIG. For this reason, the switching shaft 26 moves downward by pressing as shown by the arrow N, and the coupler 27 is disengaged from the coupler 28 of the connecting shaft 29 to release the connection. As a result, the connecting shaft 29, the intermediate shaft 30, and the vertical rotary shaft 9 are released from the restraint of the switching shaft 26, and the elastic force of the coil spring 17 is released as the rotational urging force. Therefore, the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates together with the vertical rotary shaft 9 in the fenestration direction via the collar 16, the driven gear 15, and the transmission gear 14 by the initial torque from the coil spring 17. By the rotation of the horizontal rotary shaft 5, the chain gear 20 is rotated in the direction of arrow E through the worm gear 18 and the pinion 19 in the same manner as when the window 2 is opened for ventilation, and the push-pull chain 21 is moved in the direction of arrow F. The window 2 is sent out and displaced in the window opening direction.
[0024]
(Effect on Embodiment)
As described above, when the window 2 is opened and closed, the horizontal rotary shaft 5 is rotated to move the push-pull chain 21 to displace the window 2 to the open position and the closed position. When the horizontal rotary shaft 5 rotates in the window closing direction, an elastic force is accumulated in the coil spring 17 due to elastic deformation in the torsional direction. In order to open the window in an emergency, the operation of the operation lever 36 releases the connection to the horizontal rotary shaft 5 together with the vertical rotary shaft 9 to release the horizontal rotary shaft 5. For this reason, the elastic force accumulated in the coil spring 17 is released, and the push-pull chain 21 is sent out in the fenestration direction while rotating the chain gear 20 with the initial torque.
[0025]
At this time, since a robust push-pull chain 21 is used for the opening and closing operation of the window 2, unlike a wire, even if repeatedly subjected to a tensile force, it does not easily fatigue and has improved durability and longer life. Can be In an emergency, the initial torque is applied to the chain gear 20 by the elastic force accumulated in the coil spring 17 to open the window, so that a complicated mechanism is not required and a simple structure is required, contributing to a reduction in manufacturing cost. In particular, when the required stroke in the fenestration direction is small, a window urging means such as the stay damper 4 for urging the push-pull chain 21 in the fenestration direction by the push-pull chain 21 is not required, so that the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced. Is advantageous.
Further, since the elastic force of the coil spring 17 always urges the driven gear 15 to rotate in the fenestration direction as the initial torque, the transmission gear 14 and the driven gear 15, the push-pull chain 21 and the chain gear 20, It works to eliminate backlash between meshing parts such as the gear 14 and the driven gear 15 and the transmission gears 31 and 32 and the side gears 34 and 35. For this reason, when the window 2 is operated in the window opening direction by the handle 23, gear noise caused by backlash can be reduced.
[0026]
In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the bottom-opening window 2, but the window can also be applied to the top-opening and left-right side-opening windows. Although the coil spring 17 wound around the mandrel is used as the elastic deformation means, the elastic deformation means may be formed by bundling a plurality of synthetic resin strings or rubber strings, or may be formed from a small diameter rubber column or resin column. In short, it is sufficient if the elastic force is accumulated by the torsional rotation, the elastic force is released when the couplers 27 and 28 are detached from each other, and the initial torque in the fenestration direction is transmitted to the horizontal rotary shaft 5.
Although the operation lever 36 is used at the time of smoke emission, a push button, a dial, a pedal, or a slider may be used instead of the operation lever 36. The operation lever 36 can be used not only in an emergency, but also when, for example, room air is stagnant and ventilation is desired to be performed quickly. Although the opening / closing operation of the window 2 during ventilation is performed manually using the handle 23, the opening / closing operation of the window may be automatically performed by rotating the vertical rotary shaft 9 and the horizontal rotary shaft 5 by a drive motor.
[0027]
Further, although the push-pull chain 21 is used as the window operating means, the invention is not limited to the push-pull chain 21 and various chains such as a roller chain may be applied. In addition, the following mechanism may be mentioned as a modified example of the window operating means.
(A) A mechanism that uses an arm rotatable about one end and opens and closes a window by this rotating operation.
(B) A mechanism for opening and closing a window using a pulley with a belt driven by a rotating shaft instead of a chain.
(C) A mechanism that opens and closes a window using a rod that is displaced in the axial direction due to rotation of screw portions that are screwed together.
(D) A mechanism that opens and closes windows using quadrilateral links that expand and contract along the diagonal.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a window at a window closing position with a window opening / closing device installed.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a window in an open position.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing the window opening / closing device.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view showing the window opening / closing device.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a handle box.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line MM of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line SS in FIG. 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Window opening / closing device 2 Window 3 Window frame 4 Stay damper (window urging means)
5 Horizontal rotating shaft (rotating shaft)
9 Vertical rotating shaft (rotating shaft)
17 Coil spring (elastic deformation means)
18 Worm gear 19 Pinion 20 Chain gear 21 Push-pull chain (chain, window operating means)
22 Handle box 23 Handle (operation means)
26 Switching axis (connection switching means)
27 coupler (connection switching means)
28 coupler (connection switching means)
29 Connecting shaft (connection switching means)
36 Operating lever 41 Gear train connecting trunk 21a One end of push-pull chain 21b Other end of push-pull chain

Claims (7)

Window operating means provided so as to be displaceable in the opening and closing direction with respect to the window,
A rotating shaft for moving the window operating means by operating means to open and close the window between an open position and a closed position;
When the rotating shaft is rotated in the window closing direction, the rotating shaft includes elastic deformation means that elastically deforms with the rotation of the rotating shaft and accumulates elastic force in the window opening direction,
A window opening / closing device, wherein when the window is displaced from the closed position to the open position, the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deformation means is released to apply a rotating force to the rotating shaft in a window opening direction. A chain gear that bridges a chain with one end connected to the window,
A rotating shaft that rotates the chain gear by operating means to move the chain to open and close the window between an open position and a closed position;
When rotating the rotating shaft in the window closing direction, elastic deformation means that elastically deforms with the rotation of the rotating shaft and accumulates elastic force in the window opening direction,
A connection switching unit that connects the operating unit to the rotating shaft when the window is opened and closed by the operating unit that is switchably connected to the rotating shaft;
Disconnecting the connection to the rotating shaft by the connection switching means at the time of emergency opening of the window and releasing the elastic force accumulated in the elastic deformation means, thereby sending the chain while rotating the chain gear in the window opening direction. A window opening and closing device comprising a lever. The window opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic deformation unit is a coil spring capable of accumulating a torsional elastic force in response to rotation of the rotating shaft. The window according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a window urging means is provided between the window and the window frame, the window urging unit being urged in a window opening direction when the window is opened. Switchgear. The window opening / closing device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the connection switching unit is a pair of couplers that can be disengaged from each other. The window according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein transmission of the rotating shaft to the chain gear is performed by meshing a worm gear provided on the rotating shaft with a pinion provided on the chain gear. Switchgear. The window opening / closing device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the time of emergency opening of the window is a time of smoke emission for discharging smoke generated in the building.

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