JP2004235188A - Solar cell array - Google Patents

Solar cell array Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004235188A
JP2004235188A JP2003018414A JP2003018414A JP2004235188A JP 2004235188 A JP2004235188 A JP 2004235188A JP 2003018414 A JP2003018414 A JP 2003018414A JP 2003018414 A JP2003018414 A JP 2003018414A JP 2004235188 A JP2004235188 A JP 2004235188A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
solar cell
wire rope
wire ropes
cell array
cell module
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JP2003018414A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4229713B2 (en
Inventor
Shinji Hayashi
伸二 林
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric Holdings Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/50Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules comprising elongate non-rigid elements, e.g. straps, wires or ropes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10Photovoltaic [PV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47Mountings or tracking

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar cell array simply installed in a large area such as a pond making the whole surface of a solar cell module face the sun without using tall supports. <P>SOLUTION: At least three wire ropes 2 are stringed mutually in parallel between the supports 11 and 12 or between pedestals by securing both ends of the ropes so that all the wire ropes do not form the same surface, and a plurality of the solar cell modules 31 are retained between these wire ropes all through respectively. The surfaces of each solar cell module and surfaces formed by the wire ropes are not directed in the same direction. P1 represents the pond and P2 the brim of the pond. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は浄水場における沈殿池等の土台の施工方法が限定された場所に設置される太陽電池アレイに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
設置場所に適した形態に連結して並べられた複数の太陽電池モジュールを太陽電池アレイという。太陽電池アレイの設置は、住宅の屋根上や、ビルの屋上や外壁等の太陽電池アレイの架台を固定しやすい場所、あるいは駐車場や公園等の太陽電池アレイの土台の施工に制約が少ない場所へ行われる場合が多い。しかし、浄水場における沈殿池等(以下、池という)の大面積域に太陽電池を設置する場合、池の上部に太陽電池アレイを配置すれば広い発電面積を確保できる点では有利であるが、池の中に構造物を置くことができないため、架台を固定する土台を設置する場所が池の周辺に限定されるため、頑丈な架台と長い梁を必要とし、施工コストが高い。
【0003】
複数の太陽電池モジュールを、架台と長い梁に替って、張られたワイヤロープに各モジュールの両端を固定し太陽電池アレイとなすことは知られている。この場合各モジュールの面と複数のワイヤロープのなす面は並行である(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平8−288532号公報(第3頁、第4図)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような太陽電池アレイを池や河川のような広い面積域に太陽光を受けやすい方向に設置する場合、容易に考えられるのは、その両端を池の両岸に立てた支柱に固定することである。図4は池上に設置された傾斜した太陽電池アレイの概略を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は側面図である。池P1の両岸P2にはそれぞれ2本の支柱11および12が立てられ、ワイヤロープ2が張られている。ワイヤロープ2には複数の太陽電池モジュール31が固定具4によって取り付けられている。符号32は太陽電池モジュール31を電気的に接続する電線である。太陽光に対して高い発電効率の太陽電池アレイにするためには、30°程度の傾斜をつける必要があり、北側の支柱12を高くしなければならない。概略の見積もりでは、連結した太陽電池モジュール全体の長さの半分になる。例えば池の両岸の距離を10mとすると、北側の支柱は6m以上に高くする必要がある。そのため、支柱12に懸かる力は大きく、それに耐える支柱の基礎工事の施工コストは高い。また、太陽電池モジュールを保持したワイヤロープは懸垂線を描くので、個々の太陽電池モジュールの傾斜角度は一様ではなく、実際の発電効率は低下する。
【0006】
上記に鑑み、本発明の目的は、池などの大面積域に、全ての太陽電池モジュール面が太陽光方向を向きながらも、高い支柱を用いることなく、簡易に設置できる太陽電池アレイを提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の目的を達成するため、少なくとも3本のワイヤロープが、その両端を支柱または台座間に互いに平行に、しかし全てのワイヤロープが同じ面を形成することがないように張られ、これらワイヤロープの間に複数の太陽電池モジュールがそれぞれ全てのワイヤロープによって保持され、各太陽電池モジュールの面とワイヤロープが形成する面とは同じ方向を向いていないこととする。
前記各太陽電池モジュールは、前記ワイヤロープが張られたときに固有の懸垂曲線を維持するように配置、固定されていると良い。
【0008】
前記各太陽電池モジュールの周辺部には、それぞれの辺に沿って位置可変なフックが取り付けられていると良い。
【0009】
【発明の実施形態】
図1は本発明に係る太陽電池アレイの概略を示し、(a)は側面図、(b)は平面図である。例えば、浄水場における沈殿池のような大面積域の池P1の両岸P2両側に南北間に立てられた支柱11、12の間に4本のワイヤロープ2が張られている。それぞれのワイヤロープ毎の両端は同じ高さであり、各ワイヤロープは懸垂線を描いている。
長方形の太陽電池モジュール31はその辺にワイヤロープの本数に等しい数の懸架具4を有しており、これら懸架具4はそれぞれワイヤロープ2に懸架されている。各太陽電池モジュール31の面はワイヤロープ2の形成する面に平行ではなく、太陽光を平均して受けられるように南方仰角を30°とされている。
【0010】
このようなワイヤロープと太陽電池モジュールとの配置関係としたため、太陽電池アレイ全体をほぼ水平に配置でき、ワイヤロープを張る支柱の高さは太陽電池モジュールの縦幅程度で済み、支柱設置の工事は従来のような高い支柱に比べ容易である。
また、このように張られたワイヤロープはいわゆる懸垂曲線に沿っているので、本発明のように、この懸垂曲線が変形しないように、太陽電池モジュールを懸架すれば、ワイヤロープが太陽電池モジュールに力を加えることはなく、太陽電池モジュールは変形されず、その寿命は保たれる。
【0011】
図2は本発明に係るワイヤロープが3本の太陽電池アレイの概略を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は側面図である。最少数のワイヤロープで構成された場合である。図1と同じ符号を付してある。太陽電池モジュールの上辺は中央のワイヤロープに沿っている。上下逆の構造も可能である。
本発明の太陽電池アレイは、平行に張った懸垂ワイヤロープ間に複数の太陽電池モジュールを配置し、モジュールの両側のフックでワイヤロープに固定した構造である。この懸垂ワイヤロープは一対の支柱間に2本のワイヤロープを上下に平行に張ったもので、太陽電池モジュールの片側には2個のフックがあり(図1の場合)、それぞれ上側ワイヤロープと下側ワイヤロープに固定することで、モジュールに傾斜をつけて固定するようになっている。懸垂ワイヤロープは直線ではなく懸垂線を描いているために、2個のフックの間隔が一定であると、傾斜角度はモジュールを固定する位置によって異なる角度を持つ。そこで、モジュールのフック間隔を調整可能な構造にすることで、すべての太陽電池モジュールを同一の傾斜角度で配置することを特長としている。
【0012】
懸垂線の一般式は、カテナリ数をCとすると
【0013】
【数1】

Figure 2004235188
で表される。ここで、Cは懸垂線の単位長当たりの重量Wと水平張力Tから、C=T/Wで規定される量であり、最も弛みの深いポイントを座標原点にとってある。支柱間の距離をSとすると、懸垂線の一方の支持点はx=−S/2で、他方の支持点はx=S/2である。下方の懸垂ワイヤロープを式1で表し、距離dだけ上方にある懸垂ワイヤロープは、
【0014】
【数2】
Figure 2004235188
となる。前述の太陽電池モジュール固定方法で、2個のフック間の距離lを式1、式2を使って計算すると、近似的に
【0015】
【数3】
Figure 2004235188
となる。これから距離lの最大値および最小値を求めると、懸垂ワイヤロープの長さをLとして、
【0016】
【数4】
Figure 2004235188
の関係が得られる。
太陽電池モジュールの最適な傾斜角度は、設置場所によって異なるが、日本ではおよそ30°であることが望ましい。この場合、式4は
【0017】
【数5】
Figure 2004235188
となる。
すなわち、前述の太陽電池モジュールの固定方法で、2個のフック間の距離lを式4(または式5)の範囲に調整することで、モジュール傾斜角度を一定にして配置することができる。
太陽電池モジュールをワイヤロープに懸架するためには懸架具が必要であり、たとえば次のように行う。
【0018】
図3は本発明に係る懸架具の斜視図であり、(a)はワイヤロープ側の懸架具であり、(b)は太陽電池モジュール側の懸架具である。
ワイヤロープ側の懸架具41はワイヤロープを挟む溝4wを有する対称形の2つの部材からなり、ワイヤロープを溝4wに挟み込みねじ穴41bを介してナットで締め付ける。フック用穴41hにはワイヤロープ側の懸架具42は太陽電池モジュール側の懸架具42のフック42hを懸架する。太陽電池モジュール側の懸架具42の溝42sに太陽電池モジュールの周縁をはめ込み、ねじ穴41bを介してナットで締め付けるようになっている。このようにいずれもワイヤロープや太陽電池モジュールの周縁の任意の一固定することができるので、張られたワイヤロープの懸垂線を維持でき、太陽電池モジュールの方向を任意に固定することができる。懸架具41、42は、屋外で使用されるのでステンレス鋼などの耐食性の高く、機械的強度の高い材質で作製されるとよい。
実施例1
支柱間の距離を10m、カテナリ数を30mとしてワイヤロープを張ると、中央部分で約0.42m垂れ下がった懸垂線になる。上下のワイヤロープ間の距離dを0.4mにとり、モジュール傾斜角度を30°に調整するために、式3からフック間の距離を計算した。ワイヤロープの中央部分では、x=0として、l=2d=0.8mに調整すればよい。ワイヤロープの長さLは支柱間の距離にほぼ等しいので、式5からL = 10mとして、0.6〜1mの範囲で調整して、全モジュールの傾斜角度を30°にすることができた。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、少なくとも3本のワイヤロープが、その両端を支柱または台座間に互いに平行に、しかし全てのワイヤロープが同じ面を形成することがないように張られ、これらワイヤロープの間に複数の太陽電池モジュールがそれぞれ全てのワイヤロープによって保持され、各太陽電池モジュールの面とワイヤロープが形成する面とは同じ方向を向いていないようにしたため、枠構造の太陽電池アレイに比べ、簡便な施工により太陽電池アレイが設置可能であり、コストも低減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る太陽電池アレイの概略を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は側面図である。
【図2】本発明に係るワイヤロープが3本の太陽電池アレイの概略を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は側面図である。
【図3】本発明に係る懸架具の斜視図であり、(a)はワイヤロープ側の懸架具であり、(b)は太陽電池モジュール側の懸架具である。
【図4】池上に設置された傾斜した太陽電池アレイの概略を示し、(a)は平面図、(b)は側面図である。
【符号の説明】
12 支柱
11 支柱
2 ワイヤロープ
31 太陽電池モジュール
32 接続電線
4 懸架具
41 ロープ側懸架具
41 太陽電池モジュール側懸架具
41b、42b ねじ穴
42h フック
P1 池
P2 池の岸[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solar cell array that is installed in a place where a method of constructing a foundation such as a sedimentation pond in a water purification plant is limited.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A plurality of solar cell modules connected and arranged in a form suitable for the installation location are called a solar cell array. Install the solar cell array on the roof of a house, on the roof of a building, on the outer wall, etc., where it is easy to fix the base of the solar cell array, or in places such as parking lots and parks where there are few restrictions on the construction of the solar cell array base. Often done. However, when solar cells are installed in a large area such as a sedimentation pond in a water treatment plant (hereinafter referred to as a pond), placing a solar cell array above the pond is advantageous in that a large power generation area can be secured. Since the structure cannot be placed inside the building, the place where the base for fixing the base is installed is limited to the vicinity of the pond, so a sturdy base and long beams are required, and the construction cost is high.
[0003]
It is known that a plurality of solar cell modules are replaced with a gantry and a long beam, and both ends of each module are fixed to a stretched wire rope to form a solar cell array. In this case, the surface of each module and the surface formed by the plurality of wire ropes are parallel (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-288532 (page 3, FIG. 4)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When installing such a photovoltaic array in a large area such as a pond or river in a direction that is easy to receive sunlight, it is easy to consider fixing both ends to poles on both banks of the pond. It is. 4A and 4B schematically show a tilted solar cell array installed on a pond, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a side view. On both sides P2 of the pond P1, two columns 11 and 12 are erected, and a wire rope 2 is stretched. A plurality of solar cell modules 31 are attached to the wire rope 2 by fixtures 4. Reference numeral 32 denotes an electric wire for electrically connecting the solar cell module 31. In order to form a solar cell array having a high power generation efficiency with respect to sunlight, it is necessary to make an inclination of about 30 °, and the height of the northern support 12 must be increased. A rough estimate is half the total length of the connected solar cell modules. For example, assuming that the distance between the banks of the pond is 10 m, the support on the north side needs to be higher than 6 m. For this reason, the force applied to the column 12 is large, and the construction cost of the column foundation work that can withstand it is high. In addition, since the wire rope holding the solar cell module draws a catenary, the inclination angle of each solar cell module is not uniform, and the actual power generation efficiency is reduced.
[0006]
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell array which can be easily installed in a large area such as a pond without using a high support while all the solar cell module surfaces face the sunlight direction. It is in.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, at least three wire ropes are stretched with their ends parallel to each other between the posts or pedestals, but such that all the wire ropes do not form the same plane, A plurality of solar cell modules are respectively held by all the wire ropes between the ropes, and the surface of each solar cell module and the surface formed by the wire rope do not face the same direction.
Each of the solar cell modules may be arranged and fixed so as to maintain a unique suspension curve when the wire rope is stretched.
[0008]
It is preferable that hooks whose positions are variable along the respective sides are attached to the periphery of each of the solar cell modules.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 schematically shows a solar cell array according to the present invention, in which (a) is a side view and (b) is a plan view. For example, four wire ropes 2 are stretched between pillars 11 and 12 erected between north and south on both sides P2 of a large area pond P1 such as a sedimentation pond in a water purification plant. Both ends of each wire rope are at the same height, and each wire rope describes a catenary.
The rectangular solar cell module 31 has a number of suspensions 4 on its side equal to the number of wire ropes, and each of the suspensions 4 is suspended on the wire rope 2. The surface of each solar cell module 31 is not parallel to the surface formed by the wire rope 2 and has a south elevation angle of 30 ° so that sunlight can be received on average.
[0010]
Because of such an arrangement relationship between the wire ropes and the solar cell modules, the entire solar cell array can be arranged almost horizontally, and the height of the pillars on which the wire ropes are stretched is about the vertical width of the solar cell module. Is easier than conventional tall supports.
Further, since the wire rope stretched in this manner is along a so-called suspension curve, as in the present invention, if the solar cell module is suspended so that the suspension curve is not deformed, the wire rope is attached to the solar cell module. No force is applied and the solar cell module is not deformed and its life is maintained.
[0011]
2A and 2B schematically show a solar cell array having three wire ropes according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a side view. This is a case where it is composed of a minimum number of wire ropes. The same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 are used. The upper side of the solar cell module is along the central wire rope. An upside down structure is also possible.
The solar cell array of the present invention has a structure in which a plurality of solar cell modules are arranged between hanging wire ropes stretched in parallel and fixed to the wire ropes by hooks on both sides of the modules. This suspended wire rope is formed by stretching two wire ropes vertically between a pair of columns, and has two hooks on one side of the solar cell module (in the case of FIG. 1). By fixing to the lower wire rope, the module is fixed at an angle. Since the hanging wire rope draws a hanging line instead of a straight line, if the distance between the two hooks is constant, the inclination angle has a different angle depending on the position where the module is fixed. Therefore, the feature is that all the solar cell modules are arranged at the same inclination angle by adopting a structure in which the hook interval of the modules can be adjusted.
[0012]
The general formula of the catenary line is that the catenary number is C.
(Equation 1)
Figure 2004235188
Is represented by Here, C is an amount defined by C = T / W from the weight W per unit length of the catenary and the horizontal tension T, and the point with the deepest slack is set as the coordinate origin. Assuming that the distance between the columns is S, one supporting point of the catenary is x = −S / 2, and the other supporting point is x = S / 2. The lower suspended wire rope is represented by Equation 1, and the suspended wire rope above the distance d is
[0014]
(Equation 2)
Figure 2004235188
It becomes. When the distance 1 between the two hooks is calculated by using the above formulas 1 and 2 in the above-described method for fixing the solar cell module, it is approximately calculated as follows.
[Equation 3]
Figure 2004235188
It becomes. From this, when the maximum value and the minimum value of the distance 1 are obtained, the length of the suspended wire rope is L, and
[0016]
(Equation 4)
Figure 2004235188
Is obtained.
The optimum tilt angle of the solar cell module varies depending on the installation location, but is preferably about 30 ° in Japan. In this case, Equation 4 becomes
(Equation 5)
Figure 2004235188
It becomes.
In other words, by adjusting the distance l between the two hooks to the range of Expression 4 (or Expression 5) by the above-described method of fixing the solar cell module, the module can be arranged with a constant module tilt angle.
In order to suspend the solar cell module on the wire rope, a suspending tool is necessary, for example, as follows.
[0018]
3A and 3B are perspective views of the suspension according to the present invention. FIG. 3A is a suspension on the wire rope side, and FIG. 3B is a suspension on the solar cell module side.
The suspension member 41 on the wire rope side is composed of two symmetrical members having a groove 4w for sandwiching the wire rope. The wire rope is sandwiched in the groove 4w and fastened with a nut via the screw hole 41b. In the hook hole 41h, the wire rope-side suspension tool 42 suspends the hook 42h of the solar cell module-side suspension tool 42. The periphery of the solar cell module is fitted into a groove 42s of the suspension 42 on the solar cell module side, and is fastened with a nut via a screw hole 41b. In this way, any one of the wire rope and the periphery of the solar cell module can be fixed, so that the catenary of the stretched wire rope can be maintained and the direction of the solar cell module can be fixed arbitrarily. Since the suspensions 41 and 42 are used outdoors, they may be made of a material having high corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength such as stainless steel.
Example 1
When the distance between the columns is 10 m and the number of catenaries is 30 m, and a wire rope is stretched, the catenary becomes about 0.42 m hanging at the center. The distance between the hooks was calculated from Equation 3 in order to adjust the distance d between the upper and lower wire ropes to 0.4 m and the module inclination angle to 30 °. In the central part of the wire rope, x = 0 and l = 2d = 0.8 m may be adjusted. Since the length L of the wire rope is almost equal to the distance between the columns, it was possible to adjust L = 10 m in the range of 0.6 to 1 m from Equation 5 to make the inclination angle of all modules 30 °. .
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention, at least three wire ropes are stretched at their ends parallel to each other between the posts or pedestals, but such that not all wire ropes form the same plane, Since a plurality of solar cell modules are held by all the wire ropes, and the surface of each solar cell module and the surface formed by the wire rope do not face the same direction, compared to a solar cell array having a frame structure, The solar cell array can be installed by simple construction, and the cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 schematically shows a solar cell array according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a side view.
2A and 2B schematically show a solar cell array having three wire ropes according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a side view.
3A and 3B are perspective views of a suspension according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a suspension on a wire rope side, and FIG. 3B is a suspension on a solar cell module side.
4A and 4B schematically show a tilted solar cell array installed on a pond, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a side view.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 Support 11 Support 2 Wire rope 31 Solar cell module 32 Connection wire 4 Suspension device 41 Rope suspension device 41 Solar cell module side suspension device 41b, 42b Screw hole 42h Hook P1 Pond P2 Pond bank

Claims (3)

少なくとも3本のワイヤロープが、その両端を支柱または台座間に互いに平行に、しかし全てのワイヤロープが同じ面を形成することがないように張られ、これらワイヤロープの間に複数の太陽電池モジュールがそれぞれ全てのワイヤロープによって保持され、各太陽電池モジュールの面とワイヤロープが形成する面とは同じ方向を向いていないことを特徴とする太陽電池アレイ。At least three wire ropes are stretched with their ends parallel to each other between the posts or pedestals, but such that not all of the wire ropes form the same surface, and a plurality of solar cell modules between the wire ropes. Are held by all the wire ropes, respectively, and the surface of each solar cell module and the surface formed by the wire rope are not in the same direction. 前記各太陽電池モジュールは、前記ワイヤロープが張られたときに固有の懸垂曲線を維持するように配置、固定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池アレイ。The solar cell array according to claim 1, wherein each of the solar cell modules is arranged and fixed so as to maintain a unique suspension curve when the wire rope is stretched. 前記各太陽電池モジュールの周辺部には、それぞれの辺に沿って位置可変なフックが取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の太陽電池アレイ。3. The solar cell array according to claim 1, wherein a hook that is variable in position along each side is attached to a periphery of each of the solar cell modules. 4.
JP2003018414A 2003-01-28 2003-01-28 Solar array Expired - Fee Related JP4229713B2 (en)

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