JP2004233312A - B vitamin a, inducer of the same and analysis method of carotenoid - Google Patents

B vitamin a, inducer of the same and analysis method of carotenoid Download PDF

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JP2004233312A
JP2004233312A JP2003025528A JP2003025528A JP2004233312A JP 2004233312 A JP2004233312 A JP 2004233312A JP 2003025528 A JP2003025528 A JP 2003025528A JP 2003025528 A JP2003025528 A JP 2003025528A JP 2004233312 A JP2004233312 A JP 2004233312A
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vitamin
antioxidant
analysis method
analysis
mobile phase
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Inventor
Takashi Katayama
隆史 片山
Takahiro Yamamoto
隆裕 山本
Toshiya Takahashi
寿也 高橋
Shinzo Seko
信三 世古
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an stable, reproducible and accurate quantitative analysis method of Vitamin A. <P>SOLUTION: The analysis method is a high-speed liquid chromatography analysis method of Vitamin A, its inducer and carotenoid, adds an antioxidant (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2-&3-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA), t-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), ethoxyquin, etc.) to a mobile phase, maintains an analysis column temperature from approximately 10°C to -20°C and analyzes it. The antioxidant of 10-1,000 ppm is normally added. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、医薬、飼料添加物、食品添加物の分野などで重要なビタミンA、その誘導体およびカロテノイドの高速液体クロマトグラフィーを用いる分析法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ビタミンA、その誘導体およびカロテノイドの高速液体クロマトグラフィー(以下,HPLCと略す。)による異性体分析および定量分析の方法は、知られている(例えば、非特許文献1など)。しかしながら、ビタミンA、その誘導体およびカロテノイドはその特異な化学構造から酸素、光、熱に極めて不安定であり、それらの安定的でかつ再現性のよい正確な定量分析には熟練と工夫を要する。工夫のひとつとして、HPLCでの分析中に酸化防止剤(BHT,BHA)を15分毎に注入する方法が知られている(非特許文献2など。)。
【0003】
【非特許文献1】
ビタミン学実験法[I] 日本ビタミン学会編、東京化学同人、P.5〜P.33
【非特許文献2】
J of Chromatography Vol.83, 447−453(1973)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、15分毎に注入するのは極めて煩雑であり実用的ではない。
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために、鋭意検討した結果、HPLCの分析カラムを10℃以下に冷却し、移動相に酸化防止剤を添加することで安定的かつ再現性のよい分析が可能であることを見出し、本発明に至った。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、ビタミンA、その誘導体およびカロテノイドの高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析法であって、移動相に酸化防止剤を添加し、分析カラム温度を約10℃から約−20℃に保持して分析することを特徴とする分析法を提供するものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明におけるビタミンAとは、ビタミンAアルコールを示し、全ての異性体を含む。例えばall−trans体、13−cis体、11−cis体、9−cis体、11,13−cis体、9,13cis体、9,11−cis体、retro体などが挙げられる。ビタミンA誘導体とは、ビタミンAアセテート、ビタミンAパルミテート、ビタミンAステアレート、ビタミンAラウレート、ビタミンAミリステート、ビタミンAリノレエート、ビタミンA酸、ビタミンAアルデヒド、アンヒドロビタミンAなどが挙げられ、これらのシス−トランスの異性体全てを示す。
カロテノイドとは、β−カロチン、α−カロチン、γ−カロチン、カンタキサンチン、アスタキサンチン、ルテイン、ゼアキサンチン、リコペン、β−クリプトキサンチン、フコキサンチン、カプサンチンなどが挙げられ、これらの位置、および立体異性体全てを示す。
【0007】
本発明における最適なHPLC分析カラムは分析対象となる化合物によって異なる。ビタミンAおよびその誘導体の場合、特に限定されないが、高純度(99.99%以上)で粒度分布の狭い球状シリカゲルを用いた順相用カラムが好ましい。
【0008】
本発明では、分析カラムを冷却することによって熱に不安定なビタミンAおよびその誘導体およびカロテノイドを安定的に分析することができる。その冷却温度は約10℃以下が好ましく、下限は通常、約−20℃である。より好ましくは5℃以下である。冷却方法としては冷却機能付カラムオーブンがすでに市販されており、それらを用いればよい。例えばGLサイエンス社製LCカラムオーブン MODEL557などが挙げられる。
【0009】
本発明では、移動相に酸化防止剤を添加することによって、酸化されやすいビタミンA、その誘導体およびカロテノイドを安定的に分析することができる。添加する酸化防止剤としては、例えば3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシトルエン(BHT)、2−&3−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシアニソール(BHA)、t−ブチルハイドロキノン(TBHQ)、エトキシキンなどが挙げられる。
好ましくはBHTが挙げられる。
該酸化防止剤の移動相中の濃度は通常、10〜1000ppm程度、好ましくは100〜500ppm程度、さらに好ましくは200〜500ppm程度である。また、該酸化防止剤はHPLCの測定試料を溶解する溶媒中にも添加するのが好ましい。
【0010】
【発明の効果】
かくして本発明の方法によれば、医薬、飼料添加物、食品添加物として重要なビタミンA、その誘導体およびカロテノイドを高速液体クロマトグラフィーを用いて、安定的にかつ再現性よく分析することができる。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により、本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらにより限定されるものではない。
(実施例1) 分析カラム温度の影響
[分析方法]:ビタミンAアセテート(all−trans体)試料約50mgを50ml容メスフラスコに精密に量り、溶解溶媒1)を加えて完全に均一になった後に定容した。この溶液5mlをホールピペットを用い20ml容メスフラスコに正確に加えた。さらに内標準溶液2)を10mlのホールピペットを用い正確に加えた後、溶解溶媒(1)にて定容し、よく混合した。これをHPLC試料溶液とした。
1)溶解溶媒: 100ml容メスフラスコに3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシトルエン(BHT)約500mgを正確に量り、イソプロピルアルコールを加えて、完全に均一になった後に定容した。これを溶解溶媒とした。
2)内標準溶液: 100ml容のメスフラスコにフルオランテン(内標準物質)約100〜500mgを正確に量り、溶解溶媒(1)を加え、完全に均一になった後に定容した。これを内標準溶液とした。
[HPLC測定条件]
装置名:島津LC−10AT型
カラム:ナカライテスク社製 Cosmosil 5SL−II (4.6mmφ×250mm, 5μm)
カラム温度:−10℃、0℃、5℃、7℃、10℃、20℃、25℃
移動相3):n−ヘキサン/酢酸エチル/BHT=99.5/0.5/0.025
移動相流速:0.7ml/min.
UV検出波長:330nm
試料注入量:1μl(0.25mg/ml)
定量法:内標準法(IS:フルオランテン)
3)移動相: n−ヘキサン1990mlに3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシトルエン(BHT)500mg、酢酸エチル10mlをホールピペットを用いて加え、よく混合し、溶液を均一にした。これを移動相とした。
上記分析方法でビタミンAアセテート(all−trans体)試料を各カラム温度で5回分析し、各温度におけるビタミンAアセテートの面積値と内標準物質の面積値との比の平均値を算出し、グラフにプロットした(内標準物質の濃度は3.9mg/ml)(結果を図1に示す。)。図1のグラフから明らかなように10℃以下では面積比にあまり変化は見られないが、20℃以上では面積比は大きく低下し、ビタミンAアセテートが分解していることがわかる。
【0012】
(実施例2) 酸化防止剤(BHT)の影響
移動相および溶解溶媒中の酸化防止剤(BHT)濃度を下表の如く変え、カラム温度を5℃とする以外は、実施例1と同様の分析条件により10回連続分析し、面積比(ビタミンAアセテート/IS)の相対標準偏差(CV値)を算出した。(内標準物質の濃度は1.0mg/ml)
【表1】

Figure 2004233312
上記表より、(1)移動相にも溶解溶媒にもBHTを加えない場合、CV値は4.0となりばらつきが大きく再現性が悪いことが分かる。(2)移動相にBHTを250ppm加えた場合、CV値は2.7となりばらつきが抑制され再現性がみられる。(3)移動相に250ppm、溶解溶媒に5000ppmのBHTを加えた場合、CV値は0.4となり極めて再現性が高いことがわかる。
【0013】
(実施例3) 酸化防止剤(BHT)の影響
移動相中の酸化防止剤(BHT)濃度を50ppm、250ppm、1000ppmに変え、カラム温度を5℃とする以外は、実施例1に準じた分析条件により7回分析し、面積比(ビタミンAアセテート/IS)の平均値を算出し、グラフにプロットした(内標準物質の濃度は1.0mg/ml)(結果を図2に示す。)。
図2のグラフより移動相中の酸化防止剤(BHT)の添加量は50ppmよりも250ppmの方がビタミンAアセテートの分解が抑制されていることがわかる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例1の結果を示すグラフである。
【図2】実施例3の結果を示すグラフである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for analyzing vitamin A, its derivatives, and carotenoids, which are important in the fields of medicine, feed additives, food additives, and the like, using high-performance liquid chromatography.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Methods for isomer analysis and quantitative analysis of vitamin A, its derivatives and carotenoids by high performance liquid chromatography (hereinafter abbreviated as HPLC) are known (for example, Non-Patent Document 1). However, vitamin A, its derivatives, and carotenoids are extremely unstable to oxygen, light, and heat due to their unique chemical structures, and their stable and reproducible accurate quantitative analysis requires skill and ingenuity. As one of the ideas, there is known a method of injecting an antioxidant (BHT, BHA) every 15 minutes during the analysis by HPLC (Non-Patent Document 2, etc.).
[0003]
[Non-patent document 1]
Vitaminology Experimental Method [I], edited by The Vitamin Society of Japan, Tokyo Kagaku Dojin, p. 5-P. 33
[Non-patent document 2]
J of Chromatography Vol. 83, 447-453 (1973)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, injecting every 15 minutes is extremely cumbersome and impractical.
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, the analytical column of HPLC was cooled to 10 ° C. or less, and an antioxidant was added to the mobile phase to achieve stable and reproducible analysis. Have been found possible, and have led to the present invention.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention relates to a method for high performance liquid chromatography analysis of vitamin A, a derivative thereof, and a carotenoid, wherein an antioxidant is added to a mobile phase, and an analysis column temperature is maintained at about 10 ° C. to about −20 ° C. An analysis method characterized by performing analysis is provided.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Vitamin A in the present invention refers to vitamin A alcohol and includes all isomers. Examples thereof include an all-trans form, a 13-cis form, an 11-cis form, a 9-cis form, an 11,13-cis form, a 9,13cis form, a 9,11-cis form, and a retro form. Vitamin A derivatives include vitamin A acetate, vitamin A palmitate, vitamin A stearate, vitamin A laurate, vitamin A myristate, vitamin A linoleate, vitamin A acid, vitamin A aldehyde, anhydrovitamin A, and the like. All cis-trans isomers of are shown.
The carotenoid includes β-carotene, α-carotene, γ-carotene, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, fucoxanthin, capsanthin, etc., and their positions and all stereoisomers Is shown.
[0007]
The optimum HPLC analysis column in the present invention differs depending on the compound to be analyzed. In the case of vitamin A and its derivatives, a column for normal phase using spherical silica gel having high purity (99.99% or more) and a narrow particle size distribution is preferable, although not particularly limited.
[0008]
In the present invention, vitamin A and its derivatives and carotenoids which are unstable to heat can be stably analyzed by cooling the analytical column. The cooling temperature is preferably about 10 ° C or lower, and the lower limit is usually about -20 ° C. More preferably, it is 5 ° C. or lower. As a cooling method, a column oven with a cooling function is already commercially available, and these may be used. For example, an LC column oven Model 557 manufactured by GL Science Inc. may be mentioned.
[0009]
In the present invention, vitamin A, its derivatives and carotenoids, which are easily oxidized, can be stably analyzed by adding an antioxidant to the mobile phase. Examples of the added antioxidant include 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2- & 3-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA), and t-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ). And ethoxyquin.
Preferably, BHT is used.
The concentration of the antioxidant in the mobile phase is usually about 10 to 1000 ppm, preferably about 100 to 500 ppm, and more preferably about 200 to 500 ppm. Further, it is preferable that the antioxidant is also added to a solvent that dissolves a sample to be measured by HPLC.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
Thus, according to the method of the present invention, vitamin A, its derivatives and carotenoids, which are important as pharmaceuticals, feed additives and food additives, can be analyzed stably and with good reproducibility by using high performance liquid chromatography.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
(Example 1) Influence of analytical column temperature [Analytical method]: About 50 mg of vitamin A acetate (all-trans form) sample was precisely weighed into a 50 ml volumetric flask, and dissolved solvent 1) was added to make it completely uniform. Later the volume was fixed. 5 ml of this solution was accurately added to a 20 ml volumetric flask using a whole pipette. Further, the internal standard solution 2) was accurately added using a 10-ml whole pipette, and then the volume was adjusted with a dissolving solvent (1) and mixed well. This was used as an HPLC sample solution.
1) Dissolution solvent: About 500 mg of 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT) was accurately weighed into a 100-ml volumetric flask, and isopropyl alcohol was added. . This was used as a dissolution solvent.
2) Internal standard solution: Approximately 100 to 500 mg of fluoranthene (internal standard substance) was accurately weighed into a 100 ml volumetric flask, and dissolved solvent (1) was added. This was used as an internal standard solution.
[HPLC measurement conditions]
Apparatus name: Shimadzu LC-10AT column: Cosmosil 5SL-II (4.6 mmφ × 250 mm, 5 μm) manufactured by Nakarai Tesque
Column temperature: -10 ° C, 0 ° C, 5 ° C, 7 ° C, 10 ° C, 20 ° C, 25 ° C
Mobile phase 3) : n-hexane / ethyl acetate / BHT = 99.5 / 0.5 / 0.025
Mobile phase flow rate: 0.7 ml / min.
UV detection wavelength: 330 nm
Sample injection volume: 1 μl (0.25 mg / ml)
Quantitative method: Internal standard method (IS: fluoranthene)
3) Mobile phase: To 1990 ml of n-hexane, 500 mg of 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT) and 10 ml of ethyl acetate were added using a whole pipette, mixed well, and the solution was homogenized. This was used as the mobile phase.
The vitamin A acetate (all-trans form) sample was analyzed five times at each column temperature by the above analysis method, and the average value of the ratio of the area value of the vitamin A acetate to the area value of the internal standard substance at each temperature was calculated. The results were plotted on a graph (the concentration of the internal standard was 3.9 mg / ml) (the results are shown in FIG. 1). As is clear from the graph of FIG. 1, the area ratio does not change much at 10 ° C. or lower, but at 20 ° C. or higher, the area ratio is greatly reduced, and it is understood that vitamin A acetate is decomposed.
[0012]
(Example 2) Influence of antioxidant (BHT) Same as Example 1 except that the concentration of the antioxidant (BHT) in the mobile phase and the dissolving solvent was changed as shown in the following table, and the column temperature was set at 5 ° C. Ten consecutive analyzes were performed under the analysis conditions, and the relative standard deviation (CV value) of the area ratio (vitamin A acetate / IS) was calculated. (The concentration of the internal standard is 1.0 mg / ml)
[Table 1]
Figure 2004233312
From the above table, it can be seen that (1) the CV value was 4.0 when BHT was not added to either the mobile phase or the dissolving solvent, resulting in large variations and poor reproducibility. (2) When 250 ppm of BHT is added to the mobile phase, the CV value becomes 2.7, the variation is suppressed, and reproducibility is observed. (3) When 250 ppm of BHT was added to the mobile phase and 5000 ppm of the dissolution solvent were added, the CV value was 0.4, indicating that the reproducibility was extremely high.
[0013]
(Example 3) Effect of antioxidant (BHT) Analysis according to Example 1 except that the concentration of antioxidant (BHT) in the mobile phase was changed to 50 ppm, 250 ppm, and 1000 ppm, and the column temperature was set to 5 ° C. Analysis was performed 7 times under the conditions, and the average value of the area ratio (vitamin A acetate / IS) was calculated and plotted on a graph (the concentration of the internal standard was 1.0 mg / ml) (the results are shown in FIG. 2).
It can be seen from the graph of FIG. 2 that the addition of the antioxidant (BHT) in the mobile phase at 250 ppm suppressed the decomposition of vitamin A acetate more than 50 ppm.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of Example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of Example 3.

Claims (4)

ビタミンA、その誘導体およびカロテノイドの高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析法であって、移動相に酸化防止剤を添加し、分析カラム温度を約10℃から約−20℃に保持して分析することを特徴とする分析法。A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis method of vitamin A, a derivative thereof, and a carotenoid, wherein an analysis is performed by adding an antioxidant to a mobile phase and maintaining an analysis column temperature at about 10 ° C. to about −20 ° C. Analysis method. 移動相中の酸化防止剤の濃度が100〜500ppmである請求項1に記載の分析法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the antioxidant in the mobile phase is 100 to 500 ppm. 酸化防止剤が、3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシトルエン(BHT)である請求項1または2に記載の分析法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT). ビタミンA誘導体が、ビタミンAアセテートである請求項1、2または3に記載の分析法。4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the vitamin A derivative is vitamin A acetate.
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