JP2004232660A - Gearing mechanism - Google Patents

Gearing mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004232660A
JP2004232660A JP2003018971A JP2003018971A JP2004232660A JP 2004232660 A JP2004232660 A JP 2004232660A JP 2003018971 A JP2003018971 A JP 2003018971A JP 2003018971 A JP2003018971 A JP 2003018971A JP 2004232660 A JP2004232660 A JP 2004232660A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gear
gears
resistance
meshing
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2003018971A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Noboru Higano
昇 日向野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GKN Driveline Japan Ltd
Original Assignee
Tochigi Fuji Sangyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tochigi Fuji Sangyo KK filed Critical Tochigi Fuji Sangyo KK
Priority to JP2003018971A priority Critical patent/JP2004232660A/en
Publication of JP2004232660A publication Critical patent/JP2004232660A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gearing mechanism capable of reducing effectively the cogging sounds by giving a resistance certainly to gear members to mesh with each other, which can be established only installation of simple members through a simple procedure. <P>SOLUTION: The gearing mechanism is composed of a pair of gears 1 and 2 meshing with each other and is furnished with a resistance giving means 3 to give a resistance in the rotational meshing direction of the gears 1 and 2. The resistance giving means 3 may be a simple member such as a ring which requires a simple procedure to install, and therefore, it is possible to reduce the cogging sounds effectively by giving a resistance certainly to the meshing gear members in between. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、互いに噛合する一対の歯車からなる歯車機構に関する。特に回転軸を交差させた傘歯車の対により構成された歯車機構に有用である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
この種の互いに噛合する一対の歯車からなる歯車機構としては、従来から多種・多様なものが提案されて使用されている。このような互いに噛合する歯車機構では、歯面同士が噛合する際の円滑な入りと抜けを可能にするために歯面間にある程度の間隙(バックラッシュ)を設けている。ところが、このような歯面間における間隙の存在によって、歯車機構の駆動初期や急激な回転数の変化あるいは逆転開始時等において歯打ち音等の異音が発生し易いものであった。そのようなことから、歯面間の間隙を確保しつつも歯打ち音を解消する手段を講じた歯車機構が数多く提案(例えば下記特許文献1参照)されている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−159451号公報(段落0022)
【0004】
前記特許文献1に開示された傘状歯車機構について図3を用いて簡単に説明する。板ばね体121により、アウターギヤ110に対してインナーギヤ120を(その歯面を僅かに浮かせて)弾性的に支持し、さらにリングばね131、132を設けて弾性支持力を補強することで、ハイポイドピニオンギヤ(図示外、アウターギヤー110の歯部110hとインナーギヤ120の歯部120hの両方に噛合する)との噛合部位とアウターギヤ110の回転中心とを結ぶ軸線に略直交する方向に沿ったインナーギヤ120の揺動を抑制するように構成したもので、この構成により、ハイポイドピニオンギヤとの噛合時に、インナーギヤ120の揺動を効果的に抑制して、アウターギヤ110との間の噛合部における歯打ち音をより効果的に低減することができることとなった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このような従来の歯車機構における歯打ち音防止機構では、噛合相手であるハイポイドギヤの歯部に対して、アウターギヤ110の歯部110hとインナーギヤ120の歯部120hとを適正に噛合させるためにこれらの歯部を整列する必要があって、高い精度が要求される他、インナーギヤ120の保持手段であるリングばね131や132の取付精度も要求され、構造が複雑な上に、さらに部品点数が増加するのが難点であった。
【0006】
そこで本発明では、上記従来の歯車機構の諸課題を解決して、簡素な部材の簡便な付設のみにて、互いに噛合する歯車部材間に確実に抵抗を付与して歯打ち音を効果的に低減することができる歯車機構を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで本発明は、互いに噛合する一対の歯車からなる歯車機構において、前記一対の歯車の回転噛合方向に抵抗を付与する抵抗付与手段を設置したことを特徴とする。また本発明は、前記一対の歯車が回転軸を交差させた傘歯車からなり、前記一対の傘歯車の端面間に押圧転動設置されたリング状体からなる抵抗付与手段を配設したことを特徴とする。また本発明は、前記リング状体による転動接触部を噛合ピッチからオフセットさせたことを特徴とする。また本発明は、前記抵抗付与部材の熱膨張率を、歯車機構等を収容するケーシングの熱膨張率より大きくしたことを特徴とするもので、これらを課題解決のための手段とするものである。
【0008】
【実施の形態】
以下、本発明の歯車機構の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図1および図2は本発明の歯車機構の1つの実施の形態を示すもので、図1は車両用トランスファーにおける出力方向変換部の傘歯噛合部に適用された要部断面図、図2は傘歯噛合部の拡大図である。本発明の基本構成は、図1に示すように、互いに噛合する一対の歯車1、2からなる歯車機構において、前記一対の歯車1、2の回転噛合方向に抵抗を付与する抵抗付与手段3を設置したことを特徴とする。
【0009】
以下に詳述する。図1は本発明の歯車機構をトランスファーに適用した例である。図示外のセンターデフにより差動配分された駆動力が、第1出力軸7と、該第1出力軸7に同軸状に嵌合された第2出力歯車とに伝達される。第1出力軸7は後輪側に接続され、第2出力歯車8はカウンタ歯車9との噛合、カウンタ軸10から傘歯噛合する歯車機構1、2を経てカウンタ軸10と回転軸が直交交差する前輪側の第3出力軸11に伝達されるものである。カウンタ軸10から第3出力軸11への出力方向変換部には、歯部1A、2Aが傘歯噛合して噛合部4を構成する一対の傘歯歯車である第1歯車1と第2歯車2とが配設される。
【0010】
図2に拡大して示すように、第1歯車1と第2歯車2との噛合部についてさらに詳述すると、ケーシング6に両端部が軸支されたカウンタ軸10の軸端部に傘歯車からなる第1歯車1がスプライン嵌合等により固定される。カウンタ軸10と軸線が直交交差する第3出力軸11の軸端部には傘歯車からなる第2歯車2が形成され、該第2歯車2が前記第1歯車1と傘歯噛合して噛合部4を形成する。噛合部4における符号Pは噛合ピッチを表す。
【0011】
前記一対の歯車1、2の交差する端面間には、これら歯車1、2の回転噛合方向(図2の噛合部4において紙面に直交する表裏方向)に抵抗を付与する抵抗付与手段としてのリング状体3が、例えば第1歯車1の端面に取付ボルト5等により固定される。前記リング状体3は、好適にはゴムリング等の弾性体が採用されるが、合成樹脂製リング状体さらには金属製リング状体も採用され得る。これらのリング状体3は直交交差する相手側である第2歯車2の端面に対して常時押圧状態にて転動設置されるものである。
【0012】
さらに好適には、リング状体3の相手歯車端面への転動接触部Qは両歯車の噛合ピッチPからオフセット(第2歯車2の径方向距離でδ)させることにより、第1歯車1の端面に設置されたリング状体3の転動外周面と第2歯車2の端面との間にスリップを生じさせ、面接触部でのフリクション損失を誘って、効果的に第1歯車1と第2歯車2との間に回転噛合方向に効果的に抵抗を付与することを可能にする。
【0013】
また、本発明では、前記リング状体等の抵抗付与部材3の熱膨張率を、歯車機構1、2等を収容するケーシング6の熱膨張率より大きくした。このように構成したことにより、歯車の噛合熱や軸受部での軸支熱等によりケーシング6内の温度が上昇してケーシング6が膨張することがあっても、該膨張よりもリング状体3の膨張の方が大きいため、リング状体3の外周の転動接触面が相手歯車2の端面から離れることはなく、常温から高温まで常に安定した抵抗付与機能を維持することが可能となる。
【0014】
以上本発明の実施例を述べてきたが、本発明の趣旨の範囲内にて、歯車機構を構成して互いに噛合する一対の歯車の形状、形式(傘歯車の対からなる傘歯噛合の歯車機構はもとより、平歯車同士の噛合からなる歯車機構において噛合部に併設して、互いに転動接触し歯車の回転噛合方向に抵抗を付与する抵抗付与手段を設置する構成等も採用され得る)、リング状体等の抵抗付与手段の形状(リング状体の断面形状、周方向形状)、形式、材質(ゴム等の軟質弾性体、合成樹脂等の硬質弾性体さらには金属でもよい)およびに押圧転動設置形態(1つの材質のリング状体により押圧転動させる他、周面にのみ高摩擦係数材を設けたリング状体を押圧転動させてもよい)さらにはその設置部位(出力側である第2歯車の端面側に設置してもよい)、抵抗付与手段の転動接触部の噛合ピッチからのオフセット量、抵抗付与部材の熱膨張率の選定等は適宜選定できる。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明したように本発明によれば、互いに噛合する一対の歯車からなる歯車機構において、前記一対の歯車の回転噛合方向に抵抗を付与する抵抗付与手段を設置したことにより、簡素な部材の簡便な付設のみにて、安価に互いに噛合する歯車部材間に確実に抵抗を付与して歯打ち音を効果的に低減することができる。また、前記一対の歯車が回転軸を交差させた傘歯車からなり、前記一対の傘歯車の端面間に押圧転動設置されたリング状体からなる抵抗付与手段を配設した場合は、抵抗付与手段を相対回転部が近接位置にあって好都合な部位に設置できるとともに、一方側の歯車の端面に設置したリング状体の径を調整したり、面接触による転動設置形態を選択して、他方側の歯車の端面への接触力を容易に調整することも可能となる。
【0016】
さらに、前記リング状体による転動接触部を噛合ピッチからオフセットさせた場合は、第1歯車に設置されたリング状体の転動外周面と第2歯車の端面との間にスリップを生じさせ、面接触部でのフリクション損失を誘って、効果的に第1歯車と第2歯車との間に回転噛合方向に効果的に抵抗を付与して、歯打ち音を低減させることができる。さらにまた、前記抵抗付与部材の熱膨張率を、歯車機構等を収容するケーシングの熱膨張率より大きくした場合は、ケーシング内の温度が上昇してケーシングが膨張することがあっても、該膨張よりもリング状体の膨張の方が大きく、リング状体によるの転動接触面が相手歯車の端面から離れることはなく、常温から高温まで常に安定した抵抗付与機能を維持することが可能となる。かくして、簡素な部材の簡便な付設のみにて、互いに噛合する歯車部材間に確実に抵抗を付与して歯打ち音を効果的に低減することができる歯車機構が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の歯車機構の1つの実施の形態を示すもので、車両用トランスファーにおける出力方向変換部の傘歯噛合部に適用された要部断面図である。
【図2】同、傘歯噛合部の拡大図である。
【図3】従来の歯車機構の要部断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 第1歯車(傘歯車等)
1A 歯部
2 第2歯車(傘歯車等)
2A 歯部
3 抵抗付与手段(リング状体:ゴムリング等)
4 噛合部
5 取付ボルト
6 ケーシング
7 第1出力軸
8 第2出力軸
9 カウンタ歯車
10 カウンタ軸
11 第3出力軸
P 噛合ピッチ
Q 転動接触部
δ オフセット
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gear mechanism including a pair of gears that mesh with each other. In particular, the present invention is useful for a gear mechanism constituted by a pair of bevel gears whose rotation axes cross each other.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As such a gear mechanism including a pair of gears that mesh with each other, various and various gear mechanisms have been conventionally proposed and used. In such a gear mechanism that meshes with each other, a certain gap (backlash) is provided between the tooth surfaces in order to enable smooth entry and exit when the tooth surfaces mesh with each other. However, due to the existence of such a gap between the tooth surfaces, abnormal noise such as rattling noise is likely to be generated at the initial stage of driving of the gear mechanism, a sudden change in the number of revolutions, or at the start of reverse rotation. For this reason, many gear mechanisms have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1 below) in which a means for eliminating rattling noise while securing a gap between tooth surfaces is provided.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-159451 A (paragraph 0022)
[0004]
The bevel gear mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be briefly described with reference to FIG. The leaf spring body 121 elastically supports the inner gear 120 (with its tooth surface slightly raised) with respect to the outer gear 110, and further provides ring springs 131 and 132 to reinforce the elastic supporting force. A hypoid pinion gear (not shown, meshes with both the tooth portion 110h of the outer gear 110 and the tooth portion 120h of the inner gear 120) and a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis connecting the rotation center of the outer gear 110. The structure is such that the swing of the inner gear 120 is suppressed. With this structure, when meshing with the hypoid pinion gear, the swing of the inner gear 120 is effectively suppressed, and the meshing portion between the inner gear 120 and the outer gear 110 is formed. In this case, the rattling noise can be reduced more effectively.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a gear rattle prevention mechanism in the conventional gear mechanism, the teeth 110h of the outer gear 110 and the teeth 120h of the inner gear 120 are properly meshed with the teeth of the hypoid gear that is the meshing partner. Therefore, it is necessary to align these teeth, and high accuracy is required. In addition, the mounting accuracy of the ring springs 131 and 132 which are the holding means of the inner gear 120 is also required, and the structure is complicated. It was difficult to increase the number of parts.
[0006]
Therefore, in the present invention, the problems of the conventional gear mechanism described above are solved, and only with the simple addition of simple members, resistance is reliably applied between the gear members meshing with each other to effectively reduce the rattling noise. It is an object to provide a gear mechanism that can reduce the number of gears.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that, in a gear mechanism including a pair of gears meshing with each other, resistance applying means for applying resistance in a rotational meshing direction of the pair of gears is provided. Further, in the invention, it is preferable that the pair of gears are formed of bevel gears whose rotation axes cross each other, and that a resistance applying unit including a ring-shaped body that is pressed and rolled between the end faces of the pair of bevel gears is provided. Features. Further, the present invention is characterized in that a rolling contact portion of the ring-shaped body is offset from a mesh pitch. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the resistance imparting member is made larger than the coefficient of thermal expansion of a casing accommodating a gear mechanism and the like, and these are used as means for solving the problems. .
[0008]
Embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the gear mechanism of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a gear mechanism according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main portion applied to a bevel meshing portion of an output direction changing unit in a vehicle transfer, and FIG. It is an enlarged view of a bevel tooth meshing part. As shown in FIG. 1, a basic configuration of the present invention is a gear mechanism including a pair of gears 1 and 2 meshing with each other, and a resistance applying means 3 for applying resistance in a rotational meshing direction of the pair of gears 1 and 2. It is characterized by being installed.
[0009]
Details will be described below. FIG. 1 shows an example in which the gear mechanism of the present invention is applied to a transfer. The driving force differentially distributed by a center differential (not shown) is transmitted to the first output shaft 7 and the second output gear coaxially fitted to the first output shaft 7. The first output shaft 7 is connected to the rear wheel side, and the second output gear 8 meshes with the counter gear 9, and the counter shaft 10 and the rotating shaft intersect at right angles through the gear mechanisms 1 and 2 that mesh with the bevel teeth from the counter shaft 10. Is transmitted to the third output shaft 11 on the front wheel side. A first gear 1 and a second gear, which are a pair of bevel gears, which form a meshing portion 4 in which the tooth portions 1A and 2A mesh with the bevel teeth, are provided in an output direction changing portion from the counter shaft 10 to the third output shaft 11. 2 are arranged.
[0010]
As shown in enlarged form in FIG. 2, the meshing portion between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 will be described in more detail. The bevel gear is attached to the shaft end of the counter shaft 10 whose both ends are supported by the casing 6. The first gear 1 is fixed by spline fitting or the like. A second gear 2 made of a bevel gear is formed at the shaft end of a third output shaft 11 whose axis intersects orthogonally with the counter shaft 10, and the second gear 2 meshes with the first gear 1. The part 4 is formed. The symbol P in the meshing portion 4 represents the meshing pitch.
[0011]
A ring as resistance applying means for applying resistance between the intersecting end faces of the pair of gears 1 and 2 in the rotational meshing direction of the gears 1 and 2 (front and back directions orthogonal to the paper surface at the meshing portion 4 in FIG. 2). The body 3 is fixed to an end face of the first gear 1 by a mounting bolt 5 or the like. The ring-shaped body 3 is preferably an elastic body such as a rubber ring, but may be a synthetic resin ring-shaped body or a metal ring-shaped body. These ring-shaped members 3 are mounted so as to be constantly pressed against the end face of the second gear 2 which is the other side that intersects at right angles.
[0012]
More preferably, the rolling contact portion Q of the ring-shaped member 3 with respect to the end face of the mating gear is offset from the meshing pitch P of the two gears (δ in the radial direction distance of the second gear 2), so that the first gear 1 A slip is generated between the rolling outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped body 3 installed on the end face and the end face of the second gear 2, causing friction loss at a surface contact portion, and effectively causing the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 to slip. It is possible to effectively apply resistance between the two gears 2 in the rotational meshing direction.
[0013]
Further, in the present invention, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the resistance applying member 3 such as the ring-shaped body is set to be larger than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the casing 6 accommodating the gear mechanisms 1, 2 and the like. With this configuration, even if the temperature inside the casing 6 rises due to the heat of meshing of the gears or the heat of the bearing at the bearing, the casing 6 may expand, the ring-shaped body 3 may not expand more than the expansion. Of the ring-shaped body 3, the rolling contact surface on the outer periphery of the ring-shaped body 3 does not separate from the end face of the mating gear 2, and it is possible to always maintain a stable resistance applying function from normal temperature to high temperature.
[0014]
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, within the scope of the present invention, the shape and type of a pair of gears that form a gear mechanism and mesh with each other (a bevel gear meshing gear composed of a pair of bevel gears) In addition to the mechanism, in a gear mechanism consisting of meshing spur gears, a configuration may be adopted in which a resistance imparting means is provided in parallel with the meshing portion, and is provided with rolling contact with each other to apply resistance in the rotational meshing direction of the gear). The shape (cross-sectional shape and circumferential shape of the ring-shaped body), type, material (a soft elastic body such as rubber, a hard elastic body such as synthetic resin, or even a metal) of the resistance applying means such as a ring-shaped body and pressing are applied. Rolling installation form (in addition to pressing and rolling with a ring-shaped body of one material, a ring-shaped body provided with a high friction coefficient material only on the peripheral surface may be pressed and rolled) and its installation site (output side) May be installed on the end face side of the second gear , The offset amount from the meshing pitch of the rolling contact portion of the resistance imparting means, selection, etc. of the thermal expansion coefficient of the resistance imparting member may be appropriately selected.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, in a gear mechanism including a pair of gears meshing with each other, a simple member is provided by providing resistance applying means for applying resistance in a rotational meshing direction of the pair of gears. With only the simple attachment of the above, the resistance can be reliably applied between the gear members meshing with each other at low cost, and the rattling noise can be effectively reduced. Further, when the pair of gears are formed of bevel gears whose rotation axes cross each other, and when a resistance applying unit formed of a ring-shaped body that is pressed and rolled is provided between the end faces of the pair of bevel gears, resistance is applied. The means can be installed at a convenient location where the relative rotating part is in the proximity position, and the diameter of the ring-shaped body installed on the end face of one of the gears can be adjusted, and the rolling installation form by surface contact is selected, It is also possible to easily adjust the contact force with the end face of the other gear.
[0016]
Further, when the rolling contact portion of the ring-shaped body is offset from the meshing pitch, a slip occurs between the rolling outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped body installed on the first gear and the end face of the second gear. In addition, the friction loss at the surface contact portion is induced, and the resistance is effectively applied between the first gear and the second gear in the rotational meshing direction, so that the rattling noise can be reduced. Furthermore, when the coefficient of thermal expansion of the resistance imparting member is set to be larger than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the casing accommodating the gear mechanism or the like, even if the temperature inside the casing rises and the casing expands, the expansion may be reduced. The expansion of the ring-shaped body is larger than that of the ring-shaped body, so that the rolling contact surface of the ring-shaped body does not separate from the end face of the mating gear, and it is possible to always maintain a stable resistance applying function from normal temperature to high temperature. . Thus, there is provided a gear mechanism capable of effectively providing resistance between gear members meshing with each other and effectively reducing rattling noise only by simple addition of simple members.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a gear mechanism of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view of a main part applied to a bevel meshing portion of an output direction changing unit in a vehicle transfer.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a bevel tooth meshing portion.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of a conventional gear mechanism.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 First gear (bevel gear, etc.)
1A Tooth 2 Second gear (bevel gear, etc.)
2A tooth part 3 resistance applying means (ring-shaped body: rubber ring, etc.)
4 meshing portion 5 mounting bolt 6 casing 7 first output shaft 8 second output shaft 9 counter gear 10 counter shaft 11 third output shaft P meshing pitch Q rolling contact portion δ offset

Claims (4)

互いに噛合する一対の歯車からなる歯車機構において、前記一対の歯車の回転噛合方向に抵抗を付与する抵抗付与手段を設置したことを特徴とする歯車機構。A gear mechanism comprising a pair of gears meshing with each other, wherein a resistance applying means for applying a resistance in a rotational meshing direction of the pair of gears is provided. 前記一対の歯車が回転軸を交差させた傘歯車からなり、前記一対の傘歯車の端面間に押圧転動設置されたリング状体からなる抵抗付与手段を配設したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の歯車機構。The pair of gears are formed of bevel gears whose rotation axes cross each other, and resistance applying means formed of a ring-shaped body that is pressed and rolled between end faces of the pair of bevel gears is provided. 2. The gear mechanism according to claim 1. 前記リング状体による転動接触部を噛合ピッチからオフセットさせたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の歯車機構。The gear mechanism according to claim 2, wherein a rolling contact portion of the ring-shaped body is offset from a mesh pitch. 前記抵抗付与部材の熱膨張率を、歯車機構等を収容するケーシングの熱膨張率より大きくしたことを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の歯車機構。The gear mechanism according to claim 2, wherein a coefficient of thermal expansion of the resistance applying member is larger than a coefficient of thermal expansion of a casing accommodating the gear mechanism and the like.
JP2003018971A 2003-01-28 2003-01-28 Gearing mechanism Pending JP2004232660A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2420384A (en) * 2004-11-18 2006-05-24 Xtrac Transmissions Ltd Transmission system having bevel gears

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2420384A (en) * 2004-11-18 2006-05-24 Xtrac Transmissions Ltd Transmission system having bevel gears

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