JP2004223465A - Cyclone apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized cyclone apparatus capable of easily separating disposal object matters such as bulky waste having large sizes, crushed plastics. <P>SOLUTION: A throttling part 3 is formed by tapering a circular cylinder part 2 into which the object matters flow, a separation space 5 is formed under the part, a reversing partition plate 11 for causing a reversed flow is provided under the space and the object matters are separated by the combination structure generating the reversing gas flows of the two. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a cyclone device for separating and collecting various processed materials conveyed with air.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 1, in order to separate the sand and mud at the entrance of the dust collecting chamber 1, a protruding portion 2 is formed on the upper side of the dust collecting chamber 1 and a narrow separating plate is disposed below the protruding portion. The passage 3 is configured to separate sand and mud by passing through the narrow separation passage 3. A fluid mixed with water and solid particles such as sand mud flows into the cylindrical portion 5 from the inflow port 4 at an angle of about 10 degrees. The fluid falls while rotating obliquely in the cylindrical portion 5. The sand and mud reaching the lowermost portion of the cylindrical portion 5 passes through the separation passage 3 formed in the dust collecting chamber 1 and falls into the dust collecting chamber 1. The swirling flow is deposited in the dust collection chamber 1 in which the swirling flow is almost reduced due to the downward flow due to the flow from the water passage hole 7 provided at the center of the partition plate 6. (Patent Document JP-A-9-155239).
However, this conventional device has no effect unless the separation passage 3 for separating water and sand and mud is narrowed in structure. For this reason, there is a drawback that bulky dust having a diameter of 30 mm or more, crushed material, or the like cannot be separated. Further, since the dust collecting portion 1 needs to have the separation passage 3, the projecting portion 2 is required, and there is a disadvantage that the dust collecting portion 1 becomes larger in size than the cylindrical portion 5 due to its structure.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and has as its object to provide a compact cyclone apparatus capable of easily separating processed materials such as bulky refuse, plastic crushed materials, and the like.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a reversing flow by providing an inclined throttle portion in a cylindrical portion into which a processing object flows together with a carrier fluid to generate a reversal flow, providing a separation space below the restriction portion, and generating a reversal flow in the separation space. By adopting the structure provided with the partition plate, the processed material carried by a fluid such as air or water can be efficiently separated with a compact structure.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
As described above, the processing object conveyed through the conveying duct is provided with an inclined throttle portion in the cylindrical portion which swirls and flows in through the swirling entrance portion to generate a reverse airflow, and the entrance of the dust collecting portion. A reversing partition plate for generating a reversing airflow was provided in the section. By the action of both the reversing airflow from the converging section with the slanted cylindrical section and the reversing airflow generated from the reversing partition plate, an effect of efficiently separating and collecting the conveyed processed material at the separation section was achieved. . An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
[0006]
【Example】
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of one embodiment of the device of the present invention, and shows a central cross section on the right side. FIG. 3 is a top view of the full-circle swirl-type swirl entrance, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of each of the full-circle swirl-type swivel entrance, the semicircular swirl-type swirl entrance, and the tangential inlet-type swivel entrance. FIG. 5 and FIG. 5 are diagrams illustrating the clearance, FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a modified example of the reversible partition, and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a method of supporting the reversible partition.
[0007]
The fluid for transporting the processing object includes a gas such as air and a liquid such as water. In this embodiment, the description will be made with air. In addition, processed materials transported to the cyclone include those that have been crushed at a treatment facility for bulky garbage, plastic, glass, etc., recycling plants, etc., tapes such as video tapes, sheets, strips, and strings. And convenience store bags. In addition, there are dusts, powders, granules, and ores such as wood, sand mud, crushed stone, and the like. In this embodiment, these are referred to as treated products, and will be described as an example of oversized garbage. With respect to the size, those having a longer side of 30 mm or more are referred to as bulky ones, and those having a length of 30 mm or more can be separated. In this example, an example of a processed product having a size of 30 mm will be described.
[0008]
In FIG. 2, the swirling entrance 1 has a structure in which a large spiral duct projects like a snail so as to surround the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 2 of the swirling part 4 (see FIG. 3). Reference numeral 8 denotes a cylinder for discharging the carrier air. Inside the cylindrical portion 2 connected to the turning entrance 1, an inclined throttle portion 3 is formed around the side wall of the cylindrical portion 2. With this structure, the reverse airflow 15 is generated. Below the opening of the throttle section 3, there is a separation section 5 of a space for separating the processing object from the swirling airflow. A reversing partition plate 11 is provided above the dust collecting section 6. The reverse airflow 15 is generated by the reverse partition plate 11. Between the lower side of the narrowed portion 3 of the cylindrical portion 2 and the reversing partition plate 11, there is provided a clearance 10 (about 50 mm in this example) of a size appropriate enough to allow the processed material to pass and separate. I have. An appropriate clearance 13 of about 50 mm between the reversing partition plate 11 (about 30% to 90% of the diameter of the cylindrical part 2) and the cylindrical part 2 so that the processed material can pass and fall into the dust collecting part 6. Are similarly provided.
[0009]
When the processed material pneumatically conveyed enters through the swirling entrance 1, the swirling airflow proceeds downward along a passage protruding outside the cylindrical portion 2 in a snail shape as indicated by an arrow 14 while a centrifugal force acts thereon.
The swirling airflow descends while swirling along the inclined side wall of the throttle unit 3 toward the reverse partition plate 11. The processing object in the air flow is swirled down along the inclined side wall of the throttle unit 3 as shown in the figure. The swirling and descending airflow is forcibly inverted and ascended as shown by the arrow 15 by the combination of the throttle portion 3 and the reversing partition plate 9. The throttle unit 3 applies a lift to the swirling airflow to assist in reversing the airflow from the reversing partition plate 11.
The processed material that is separated from the airflow and swirls down is guided to the first clearance 10 and then further guided to the second clearance 13 to be dropped and collected in the dust collection unit 6. This processed material is collected in a discharge device 7 such as a dust box.
The synergistic effect of the structure of the separation unit 5 by the combination of the converging unit 3 having the inclined part of the cylindrical part 2 and the reversing partition plate 9 can minimize the influence of the swirling airflow on the dust collection chamber 6.
[0010]
Even if the clearances 10 and 13 are increased by the combination of the narrowed portion 3 of the cylindrical portion 2 and the reversing partition plate 11, the swirling airflow above the reversing partition plate 11 does not affect the lower portion of the reversing partition plate 11 of the dust collection chamber 6. The separated processed material does not swirl or re-scatter in the dust collecting chamber 6 below the reversing partition plate 11. Dust, powder, granules, and bulky processed materials can be easily collected.
[0011]
As a modification of the structure of the throttle portion 3 of the cylindrical portion 2, as a modified example, as shown in FIG. 5, the attachment plate 9 is rotated between the lower edge end of the inclined throttle portion 3 of the cylindrical portion 2 and the side wall of the cylindrical portion 2. The space 10 may be closed to form a clearance 10 of a suitable size large enough to allow the processed material to pass and separate under the space. The flow of the airflow into the cylindrical portion 2 is suppressed, and the influence of the moving airflow such as the swirling airflow in the dust collection chamber 6 can be reduced, and the performance of collecting the processed material increases.
FIG. 6 shows a modification of the reversing partition plate. Each of them has a circular shape 19 when viewed from the top, and the flat plate 20 has a flat plate shape like a circular lid. 21 is a conical lid shape. A skirt portion 22 has a long outer edge. Reference numeral 23 denotes a modified example in which a vent hole 24 is provided at the center. The flat plate 20 can be manufactured easily and inexpensively. The conical lid shape 21 generates a component force below the cone due to the swirling airflow to easily move a light processed material to the lower side of the reversing partition plate, thereby increasing the separation / recovery efficiency.
As a modification of the above, the same effect can be obtained with a trapezoidal lid shape 25 in which the head of the conical lid shape 21 is cut horizontally. Since the outer rim 22 has a long skirt portion at the outer edge, the influence of a moving air current such as a swirling flow in the dust collecting chamber can be reduced, and the processed material does not swirl and re-scatter in the dust collecting chamber 6 and is easily collected. Become. The size of the vent hole 24 is about 10% to 40% of the size of the center reversing partition plate 11 as a guide. Since the ventilation hole 24 is provided, the moving airflow in the separation chamber 5 below the partition plate 11 is extracted as a rising airflow from the lower side of the inversion partition plate 11 to the upper side by the ventilation hole 24, and the processed material is cooperated with the inversion airflow 15. Since the separation is performed, the efficiency of separation and recovery of the processed material in the separation unit 5 can be increased.
Although the shape of the reversing partition plate 11 has been described as being circular, it is not limited to this, and may be a star or polygon, as long as it has a function of causing a reversing upward airflow.
[0013]
In FIG. 4, a modified example of the turning entrance 1 will be described. The right side shows a top view of each entrance, and the left side shows a front view. In the above embodiment, the swirl entrance 1 through which the processed material is conveyed from the duct is described as a full-circle swirl type duct structure 26. However, the semi-circular swirl type swivel entrance 27 and the tangential inlet type swirl entrance 28 may also be used. Good.
In the case of the tangential entrance type swirling entrance portion 28, there is an extension portion 18 that extends longer below the lower end portion 17 of the discharge cylindrical portion 8.
The reason why the swirling entrance 1 is formed as a spiral circumferential duct like a snail is that the turning distance of the swirling processing object is increased, and the processing object flows from the lower end 17 of the discharge cylindrical portion 8 of the swirling entrance 1. This is to prevent being sucked out during turning. In addition, in the case of the tangential entrance type swirling entrance part 28, by providing the extension part 18 in the discharge cylindrical part 8, it is possible to similarly prevent the processed material from being sucked out from the lower edge part 17 during the swirling.
[0014]
A method of supporting the reversing partition plate 11 will be described. 7 is a top view and the right side is a front view. The reversing partition plate 11 is appropriately supported at a predetermined position above the dust collecting section 6 by a fixed or movable (manual or automatic) supporting method.
FIG. 7 shows an example of a movable type (automatic type). The manual type will be described with reference to this drawing. A fitting hole 29 is formed in the reverse partition plate 11. The cylindrical portion 2 has a through-hole 31. A support 30 is inserted from the outside through the through-hole 31, and the tip is fitted and fixed to the fitting hole 29 of the inverted partition plate 11. Secure to the outer wall with a screw fixing. When the support 30 is pulled out of the reversing partition plate 11, at least three support 30 are required to be supported by the remaining two.
When the inside of the cylinder is inspected through the inspection windows 16 provided in the same number of places as the support in the cylindrical portion 2 and it is found that a large bulky processed material such as a band, tape, or string is entangled in the support 30, the cylindrical By loosening the screw fixing tool on the outer wall of the portion 2 to make the support 30 movable and pulling it out of the fitting hole 29 of the reversing partition plate 11, these entangled processed objects can be dropped and eliminated. After that, the tip of the support 30 is fitted and fixed to the fitting hole 29 of the reversing partition plate 11 again, and the other end is fixed to the outer wall of the cylindrical portion 2 with a screw fixing tool.
If the support 30 is not only pulled out horizontally but also swung up and down, the entangled processed material is likely to fall.
[0015]
The case of the movable type (automatic type) will be described with reference to FIG. 7. A supporting method corresponding to eliminating a large bulky processed material such as a band, a tape, or a string which is easily entangled with or deposited on the cylinder support 32. It is. When movable, four cylinders 33 connected to the support 32 are fixed to the outer wall of the cylindrical portion 2 with four screws. The cylinder support 32 is extruded from the outside of the cylindrical portion 2 through the through hole 31, and the tip is fitted and fixed in the fitting hole 29 of the reversing partition plate 11. When the inside of the cylinder is inspected from the inspection windows 16 provided at four places in the cylindrical portion 2 and it is found that a large bulky processed material such as a band, tape, or string is entangled with the cylinder support 31, the cylinder 33 is removed. By pulling in and pulling out the tip of the cylinder support 32 from the fitting hole 29 of the reversing partition plate 11, these entangled processed objects can be dropped. Thereafter, the cylinder 33 is again pushed out to fix the tip end of the cylinder support 31 into the fitting hole 29 of the reversing partition plate 11 and fix the reversing partition plate 11. The fitting hole 29 may be a round hole or a long hole whose lower end is open.
In the case of a movable type (automatic type), the entangled processing object can be dropped and eliminated by sequentially repeating the pulling-in operation and the pushing-out operation of the cylinder support 32 of the cylinder 33.
is there.
In the case of the movable type (automatic type) as well, at least three support members 32 are required so that the remaining two members can be supported when the support member 32 is pulled out of the reversing partition plate 11.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 5, as a modified example of the constricted portion 3 of the cylindrical portion 2, the attachment plate 9 is rotated between the lower edge of the constricted portion 3 of the cylindrical portion 2 and the side wall of the cylindrical portion 2 to close the space. A clearance 10 having an appropriate size sufficient to allow the processed material to pass and separate may be formed on the lower side. The flow of the airflow into the cylindrical portion 2 is suppressed, and the influence of the moving airflow such as the swirling airflow in the dust collection chamber 6 can be reduced, thereby improving the performance of collecting the processed material.
[0017]
In this embodiment, the size of the processing object is described as 30 mm, but the present invention is not limited to this. The size of the clearances 10 and 13 is determined by the type of the processing object carried by air through the duct. . For example, when separating and collecting crushed pieces of a combination bag having a length of about 300 mm from the transport airflow, it is possible to set the clearances 10 and 13 to about 100 to 150 mm. According to the technical concept of the present invention that makes good use of the reverse airflow, it is possible to cope with a wide range of processed materials and to separate and recover the same. Although the fluid has been described as air, if a fluid such as water is used, it can be widely applied to ores such as glass, sand / mud, and crushed stone, and wood crushed materials.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, when the conveyed processed material enters from the swirling entrance 1, the centrifugal force acts downward on the cylindrical portion 2 to form a swirling airflow and advance downward. A reversing partition plate for generating a reversing airflow when descending while turning toward is provided, and a reversing partition plate for generating a reversing airflow is provided below the separation unit 5. A reversing airflow is generated by a combination of the throttle unit 3 and the reversing partition plate 9. Due to the synergistic effect of the configuration, even if the clearances 10 and 13 are configured to be large in the separation section 5, the separation / recovery efficiency of the processed material is improved.
In addition, it is possible to prevent the processing object from flying up during the turning fall by the reversing airflow and being discharged from the discharge cylindrical portion 8. In addition, the dust collection chamber 6 can be collected while minimizing the influence of the swirling airflow. As described above, according to this configuration, the effect of separating the processed material in the separation unit 5 can be improved, and the effect of collection in the dust collection chamber can be improved.
In addition, since the clearance 10 can be increased, a bulky processed material can also enhance the separation / recovery effect.
Further, since the size of the dust collection chamber 6 can be reduced, the size of the apparatus can be reduced.
[0019]
The attachment plate 9 is circulated between the lower edge of the narrowed portion 3 of the cylindrical portion 2 and the side wall of the cylindrical portion 2 to close the space and to have a proper size sufficient to allow the processed material to pass and separate below the space. By configuring the clearance 10, the flow of the airflow into the cylindrical portion 2 is suppressed, the influence of the moving airflow such as the swirling airflow in the dust collection chamber can be reduced, and the effect of collecting the processed material increases.
The swirling entrance 1 has a spiral circumferential duct structure like a snail, so that the turning distance of the swirling processing object is increased, and the processing object swirls from the lower edge 17 of the exhaust cylindrical portion 8 of the swirl entrance 1. Prevented from being sucked inside. Further, the height of the turning portion can be reduced by this structure.
[0021]
In the case of the tangential entrance type swirling entrance portion 28, by providing the extension portion 18 to the exhaust cylindrical portion 8, it is possible to prevent the processing object from being sucked out from the lower edge of the exhaust cylindrical portion 8 during the swirling.
[0022]
The conical lid shape 21 or the trapezoidal lid shape 25 of the reversing partition plate 11 generates a component force below the conical portion due to the swirling airflow, so that a lightly processed material can be moved to the lower side of the reversing partition plate to improve the separation / recovery performance.
[0023]
A ventilation hole 24 is formed at the center of the reversing partition plate 11 to extract the moving airflow in the lower dust collection, and the reversing airflow 15 is used to create a moving airflow in the separation chamber to separate the processed material, so that the separation / collection performance is achieved. Can be given.
[0024]
The inverted partition plate 11 is provided with a fitting hole 29 into which the tip of the support is fitted, a support is inserted through the through hole 31 formed in the cylindrical portion 2, and the tip is fitted and fixed in the fitting hole 29. Since the other end of the support is fixed to the cylindrical portion 2, the support can be removed from the fitting hole 29 and moved, thereby easily removing the processing object entangled with the support.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of one embodiment of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view showing an embodiment of an all-circumferential swirl-type turning entrance.
FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a schematic structure of an embodiment of each of a full-circle swirl-type swirling inlet, a semicircular swirl-type swirling inlet, and a tangential inlet-type swirling inlet;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a clearance of a separation unit and a throttle unit.
FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment of an inverted hand divider.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a method of supporting a reversing partition plate.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 turning entrance 2 cylindrical part 2
3 Aperture part 3
4 Revolving part 5 Separation part 6 Dust collection part 8 Exhaust cylinder part 9 Attached plate 9 of throttle part 3
10, 13 Clearance 11 Reversing partition plate 11
18 Extension portion 20-25 of exhaust cylinder portion Modifications 26-28 of reversing partition plate Modifications 30, 32 of turning entrance Portion support 33 of reversing partition plate Sin Linda

Claims (7)

A swirling entrance 1 into which a processing object to be conveyed mixed with the carrier fluid flows, a cylindrical part 2 connected to the swirling inlet part 1 and the processing object swirling down by centrifugal force, and being inclined inside the cylindrical part 2 , A reversing partition plate 11 disposed below the constricting portion 3, a separation part 5 for a processing object formed by the constricting portion 3 and the reversing partition plate 11, It comprises a dust collecting chamber 4 for collecting the processing object separated and dropped from the separating section 5 and a discharge cylindrical section 8 for discharging the carrier fluid. A cyclone device for generating a reverse ascending airflow from the discharge cylinder 8 and discharging the same from the discharge cylinder 8. 2. The cyclone device according to claim 1, wherein the swirling entrance portion has a spiral duct structure surrounding the cylindrical portion in a snail shape. The lower end of the discharge cylinder 8 is extended below the lower end 17 of the swirl entrance 1 to provide an extension 18, and the processed material is sucked out from the airflow swirling down the throttle 3 of the cylinder 2. 3. The cyclone device according to claim 1, wherein said cyclone device is not structured. 2. The processing object is separated by providing a clearance plate 10 in the separation part 5 by circulating a supporting plate 9 between the lower end of the narrowed part 3 of the cylindrical part 2 and the side wall of the cylindrical part 2 to provide a clearance 10 in the separation part 5. 3. Cyclone device. 5. The cyclone apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reversing partition plate 11 is disposed in the separation chamber 5 in the shape of a conical lid 21 or a trapezoidal lid 25 to form a clearance 10 to separate the processed material. A ventilation hole 24 is formed at the center of the reversing partition plate 11 to extract the moving airflow in the lower dust collecting chamber 6, and the reversing airflow 15 is used to create a moving airflow in the separation chamber 5 to separate the processed material. 5. The cyclone device according to claim 1, wherein: The inverted partition plate 11 is provided with a fitting hole 29 into which the tip of the support 30 (32) fits, and the support 30 (32) is inserted through the through hole 31 formed in the cylindrical portion 2, and the tip is fitted. The support 30 (32) is fixed to the hole 29 and the other end of the support 30 (32) is fixed to the cylindrical portion 2. By moving the support 30 (32) out of the fit hole 29 and moving it, the support 30 (32) is moved. The cyclone apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a processing object related to (32) is excluded.

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