JP2004219856A - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Image forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004219856A
JP2004219856A JP2003009071A JP2003009071A JP2004219856A JP 2004219856 A JP2004219856 A JP 2004219856A JP 2003009071 A JP2003009071 A JP 2003009071A JP 2003009071 A JP2003009071 A JP 2003009071A JP 2004219856 A JP2004219856 A JP 2004219856A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
transfer material
transfer
ultrasonic
fixing
forming apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2003009071A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Susumu Tsukada
将 塚田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP2003009071A priority Critical patent/JP2004219856A/en
Publication of JP2004219856A publication Critical patent/JP2004219856A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically switch fixing control and transfer control by judging the surface property and the thickness of a transfer material by using ultrasonic waves. <P>SOLUTION: In the image forming apparatus having a transfer means, a fixing means and a control means, an ultrasonic element is arranged on the upstream side of the fixing means or the upstream side of the transfer means. The ultrasonic element for transmitting waves and the ultrasonic element for receiving waves are both put on the side of one surface of the transfer material so as to measure a reflectance or they are put on each of the surfaces of the transfer material one by one so as to measure transmittance and judge the surface property of the transfer material. Or they are both put on one surface of the transfer material so as to calculate a phase difference between two reflected waves on the front surface and the back surface of the transfer material and judge the thickness of the transfer material. A control circuit calculates respective values so as to switch the fixing control and the transfer control. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電子写真方式を利用したプリンタ、複写機、ファクシミリなどの画像形成装置にもちいられるものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
像担持体としての感光体ドラム表面に所定の電位に帯電されたトナーによる可視像を形成し、該可視像を転写材に転写する工程をもち、
また、発熱体を具備する定着部材と該定着部材と圧接する加圧部材とで形成される定着部位で該可視像を定着する工程をもつ画像形成装置において、
図2のように、該転写手段では、感光体ドラム11とこれに圧接する転写部材12とで形成された転写部位13に転写材Pを通過させるとともに、電源を用いてトナーと逆極性の転写バイアス15を該転写部材から転写部材の裏面に印加し、それとトナー電荷とで形成される電界の引力で可視像を転写材に転写され、
また、図3のように、可視像を転写された転写材Pが定着部位16を通過させられるとともに、発熱体17を具備する定着部材18から与えられる熱と加圧部材19から与えられる圧力によって未定着像を転写材に定着する画像形成装置がよく知られている。
【0003】
ここで、良好な定着性を得るためには定着のための熱量すなわち発熱体の発熱量を適当に制御することが理想である。しかし、転写材の種類によって定着のための適当な発熱量は異なり、例えばより目の粗い転写材では定着部材との密着性が小さいために定着部材から転写材への伝熱が小さくなることによる画像不良が、逆により目の細かい転写材では密着性が高いことで過度な伝熱による画像不良が発生する場合がある。
【0004】
現状ではこのような問題を回避するための手段として発熱体の発熱量制御(以下定着制御)に複数のモードが作成されているが、ユーザーがモード切替を行うものが主流であり、もしユーザーがモードを切り替えずに通常の定着制御に対応しない転写材を通紙したとき、上記のような画像不良が発生する恐れがある。
【0005】
また、転写する工程において、良好な転写性を得るためには転写バイアスを常に適当に制御することが理想的であるが、転写材の種類によって適当な転写バイアスの大きさは異なり、例えば転写材が厚紙であるときは電気容量が大きいために転写バイアスはある程度の大きさが必要となり、逆に薄紙であるときは転写バイアスが過多となったときの画像不良を抑えるために必要なバイアスは比較的小さくすることが望ましい。
【0006】
転写制御においても現状の定着制御と同様に複数のモードがあるが、ユーザーによる設定を必要としており、もしユーザーがモードを切り替えずに通常の転写制御に対応しない転写材を通紙したとき、上記のような画像不良が発生する恐れがある。
【0007】
上記のような理由から、画像形成装置は、画像形成装置自体が転写材の種類を検知し、それによって定着制御のモード、転写制御のモードを切り替えられることが好ましい。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで本発明は、
ユーザーによる切り替えを必要とせずに、画像形成装置自体が転写材の種類を判断し、
転写材の表面性に適した定着制御のモードに切り替える画像形成装置、
転写材の厚みに適した転写制御のモードに切り替える画像形成装置
を提案するものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、
ユーザーによる設定を必要とせずに、画像形成装置自体が、
超音波を用いて転写材の表面性を検知し(以下紙種検知)、転写材に適した定着制御のモードに切り替える画像形成装置
超音波を用いて転写材の厚みを検知し(以下厚み検知)、転写材に適した転写制御のモードに切り替える画像形成装置
を目的とする。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
(実施例)
(第1の実施例)
本発明における第1実施形態について説明する。これは請求項1に記載の画像形成装置である。
【0011】
図4に超音波反射率によって転写材の表面性を検知する原理を説明する。送波用超音波素子7から転写材に向かって送波された超音波20aは転写材の表面で反射される(20b)。転写材の表面が粗いとき、超音波は転写材の表面において乱反射20d、または透過20cされ、受波用超音波素子8によって受波される超音波の反射率は小さくなる。逆に転写材の表面が木目細かいとき、受波用超音波素子で受波される超音波の反射率は1に近くなる。このように転写材の超音波反射率を観察することで転写材の表面性が判断できる。
【0012】
原理的に超音波素子は送波用、受波用の両方の働きをすることができるが、送波と受波では空気の振動振幅にも大幅に異なること、インピーダンスを変えたほうが効率的であることから別個の超音波素子を利用するほうが好ましい。これは請求項6に記載の構成である。
【0013】
図1は本発明の第1実施形態における紙種検知手段の基本構成図である。紙種検知手段は、制御回路1、送波用超音波回路2、受波用超音波回路3から構成する。
【0014】
制御回路は画像形成装置のCPU4などを具備し、転写制御、定着制御、さらに本発明で提案する紙種検知手段の制御ならびに計算などを行う。送波用超音波回路2は、超音波送波のための電子信号を制御回路1より受信して振動に変換する発振器5、送波用超音波素子7を駆動するための駆動回路6、転写材に向かって所定の方向に超音波を送波する送波用超音波素子7からなる。受波用超音波回路3は転写材からの反射波を受波する受波用超音波素子8、受波された超音波を検波して信号に変換する検波回路9、受波信号を増幅する増幅回路10から構成される。
【0015】
送波用超音波素子と受波用超音波素子は、通紙1枚目から紙種の検知結果を定着制御に反映させるために、転写材搬送方向で定着手段の上流に位置する。これは請求項7に記載の検知手段の配置である。また、送波用超音波回路と送波用超音波回路は、転写材の超音波反射率をみるために、請求項9に記載の、転写材の片面にともに配置した。このとき、転写材の印字面側、あるいはその反対側のどちらにあっても構わない。
【0016】
図5に本発明における第1実施形態の超音波素子の配置図を示す。今回は転写材Pをスムーズに転写部位に搬送するための転写前ガイド21に送波用超音波素子7と受波用超音波素子8を配置した。このとき転写前ガイドは検知手段支持体としての働きも兼ねる。このとき送波用超音波素子と受波用超音波素子はそれぞれ、転写材Pに超音波を照射でき(20a)、かつ、転写材からの反射波を受波できるように(20b)配置する。
【0017】
図6に本発明の画像形成装置の第1実施形態による定着制御切り替えを説明するフローチャートを示す。検知手段は所定のタイミングで立ち上げられ(s1、s2)、転写材先端が所定の位置に到達したタイミングで、送波用超音波回路は超音波を送波する(s3)。所定の位置とは転写材が超音波を反射できる位置のことであり、さらに、定着制御の切り替えを通紙1枚目から実施するために、転写材の先端が定着手段よりも手前に位置する位置であることが望ましい。この時制御回路は送波する超音波の強度Maを記憶する(s4)。
【0018】
転写材によって反射される超音波は受波用超音波回路で電気信号に変換され、制御回路に送信される。送信された信号から反射波の強度を記憶(Mb)する。制御回路では送波した超音波の電気信号と反射波の電気信号の強度を比較することで転写材の反射率Mxを算出する(s8)。この反射率は転写材の表面性を数値化している。あらかじめ制御回路内には、反射率によって切り替えられる定着制御F1〜F3が記憶されている。制御回路では算出された反射率がどの反射率の段階に相当するのかを判断し(s9−1〜3)、それに相当する段階の定着制御を行う(s10−1〜3)。
【0019】
このように、超音波素子を用いる構成にすることで画像形成装置自体が転写材の表面性を判断することができ、ユーザーによる切り替えを必要とせずに転写材の表面性に適した定着制御に切り替えることができる。
【0020】
(第2の実施例)
本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。これは請求項2に記載の画像形成装置である。
【0021】
図7において超音波透過率によって転写材の表面性を検知する原理を説明する。
【0022】
送波用超音波素子7から転写材に向かって送波された超音波20aの一部は転写材で透過20cする。転写材の表面が粗いとき、超音波は転写材厚み方向により透過されやすく、受波用超音波素子8によって受波される超音波の透過率は1に近くなる。逆に転写材の表面が木目細かいとき、超音波は転写材の表面で反射され(20b)受波用超音波素子で受波される超音波の透過率は小さくなる。このように転写材の透過率を観察することで転写材の表面性が判断できる。
【0023】
第2実施形態の紙種検知手段の基本構成は、第1実施形態の紙種検知手段の基本構成と同じである(図1)。
【0024】
紙種検知手段は、通紙1枚目から紙種の検知結果を定着制御に反映させるために、転写材搬送方向で定着手段の上流に位置する。これは請求項7に記載の検知手段の配置である。また、送波用超音波素子と送波用超音波素子の配置は、転写材の超音波透過率をみるために、請求項10に記載の、転写材の配置した。このとき、転写材の印字面側、あるいはその反対側のどちらにあっても構わない。
【0025】
図8に本発明における第2実施形態の超音波素子の配置図を示す。今回は転写材をスムーズに転写部位に搬送するための転写前ガイド21の下に送波用超音波素子7を、転写材Pを挟んで送波超音波素子に対面するところに受波用超音波素子9を配置した。このとき送波用超音波素子と受波用超音波素子はそれぞれ、転写材に超音波を照射でき、かつ、転写材からの透過波を受波できるように配置する。
【0026】
図9に本発明の第2実施形態による定着制御切り替えを説明するフローチャートを示す。第1実施形態では検知手段は転写材の反射率を算出していたのに対し、第2実施形態では転写材を透過した超音波を受信し(s12)、転写材の透過率を計算して(s14)定着制御のモードを切り分けている。
【0027】
以上のようにすることで、第1実施形態と同様、ユーザーによる切り替えを必要とせずに転写材の表面性に適した定着制御に切り替えることができる効果を得る。
【0028】
(第3の実施例)
本発明の第3実施形態について説明する。これは請求項3に記載の画像形成装置である。
【0029】
図10において超音波の位相差による厚み検知の原理を説明する。送波用超音波素子7から送波された超音波20aは転写材表面で反射される(20b)。このとき一部の超音波は転写材の表面で反射される一方、一部の超音波は転写材を透過する(20c)。透過した超音波は転写材の裏面で再び反射し、受波用超音波素子によって受信される(20d)。これら転写材の表面と裏面で反射された2つの反射波20b,20dから位相差を求めると転写材の厚みが判断できる。
【0030】
第3実施形態の厚み検知手段の基本構成は、第1実施形態の紙種検知手段の基本構成と同じである(図1)。
【0031】
厚み検知手段は、通紙1枚目から紙種の検知結果を転写制御に反映させるために、転写材搬送方向で転写手段の上流に位置する。これは請求項8に記載の検知手段の配置である。また、送波用超音波素子と送波用超音波素子の配置は、転写材表面と裏面の超音波反射率をみるために、請求項9に記載の、転写材の片面にともに配置した。このとき、転写材の印字面側、あるいはその反対側のどちらにあっても構わない。
【0032】
第3実施形態の超音波素子の配置は第1実施形態の配置と同じとした。
【0033】
図11に本発明の画像形成装置の第3実施形態による定着制御切り替えを説明するフローチャートを示す。検知手段が立ち上がった次に、時間履歴t0,t1はリセットされる(s15)。転写材が所定の位置まで搬送されたタイミングで超音波送波素子は超音波を送波する。所定の位置とは転写材が超音波を反射できる位置のことであり、さらに、転写制御の切り替えを通紙1枚目から実施するために、転写材の先端が転写手段よりも手前に位置する位置であることが望ましい。最初に受波した超音波は転写材表面で反射された超音波B1で、これを確認し(s16)、時間t0を記憶する。時間的にB1の次に受波した超音波は転写材裏面で反射された超音波であり、その時間t1を記憶する(s18)。S19で2つの反射波を受波した時間のずれΔTを計算する。S21では超音波速度C=331.5(m/s)と時間Δtから転写材の厚みTxを算出する。
【0034】
あらかじめ制御回路内には転写材厚みによって切り替えられる転写制御が記憶されている(T1〜3)。制御素子では算出された転写材厚みTxがどの段階に相当するのかを判断し(s22−1〜3)、それに相当する段階の転写制御を行う。
【0035】
このように、超音波素子を用いる構成にすることで画像形成装置自体が転写材の厚みを判断することができ、ユーザーによる切り替えを必要とせずに転写材の厚みに適した転写制御に切り替えることができる。
【0036】
(第4の実施例)
第1実施形態もしくは第2実施形態の紙種検知手段は第3実施形態の厚み検知手段の役割を兼ねることができる。このとき図1の制御回路では送波した超音波と転写材表面で反射された2つの超音波から反射率を計算することで転写材の表面性を判断して定着制御を切り替え、かつ、転写材の表面と裏面で反射された2つの超音波の位相差から転写材の厚みを判断して転写制御を切り替える。
【0037】
このようにして、超音波素子を用いる構成にすることで画像形成装置自体が転写材の表面性と厚みを判断することができ、ユーザーによる切り替えを必要とせずに転写材の表面性に適した定着制御と厚みに適した定着制御に切り替えることができる。
【0038】
(第5の実施例)
第1〜第4実施形態で示した紙種検知手段もしくは厚み検知手段は、通過する転写材の先端到達タイミングと転写材の通過時間から転写材搬送方向長さを検知する、転写材通過検知手段の働きを兼ねることができる。
【0039】
ここでは図示しないが、従来の転写材通過検知手段の一例として、
フォトインタラプタなどの検知作動部と検知レバーとを具備し、検知レバーはその一方が転写材に当接することで揺動し、もう一方が検知作動部の発信素子−受信素子間を揺動できるように位置し、検知作動部は揺動する検知レバーの動作を検知してON−OFF信号を電子写真画像形成装置の制御回路に伝えるものがある。
【0040】
転写材通過検知手段によって検知される先端到達タイミングは感光体にトナー材による可視像を形成するための潜像を開始するタイミングを計る働きをもち、また、検知される転写材搬送方向長さによって転写、定着の通紙−紙間制御を切り替える働き、あるいは転写材のサイズによって定着制御を切り替える働きをもつ。
【0041】
第4実施形態における超音波による転写材検知手段は転写材によって反射される超音波を検知したときに転写材の先端到達タイミングを検知し、また、転写材によって反射される超音波が観測できる時間によって転写材搬送方向長さを検知する。
【0042】
このように本発明が従来の転写材通過検知手段の働きをも兼ねることによって、コストダウンならびに省スペース化を図ることができる。
【0043】
(第6の実施例)
なお、紙種検知をより高度に行うために送波用超音波素子は複数以上配置してもよい。また、これら複数の送波用超音波素子はそれぞれ異なる周波数、あるいは強度、あるいはその両方を持つ超音波を送波してもよい。これは本発明の請求項11に記載の構成である。紙種によって超音波の反射しやすい周波数は異なることを利用し、より明確に転写材の表面性、厚みを判別できるよう構成したものである。
【0044】
(第7の実施例)
また、少なくとも1つの送波用超音波素子が送波する超音波の周波数、あるいは強度は可変であってもよい。これは本発明の請求項12に記載の構成である。
【0045】
このとき第5実施形態の構成と同様、より明確に転写材の表面性、厚みを判別できる効果を得られるとともに、超音波送波回路の配置する数が1つで良いので省スペース化、さらにコストダウンが図れる。
【0046】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、超音波素子を用いる構成にすることで画像形成装置自体が転写材の表面性を判断することができ、転写材の表面性に適した定着制御のモードに切り替えることができる。
【0047】
転写材の厚みを判断することができ、転写材の厚みに適した転写制御のモードに切り替えることができる。
【0048】
さらには、本発明が従来の転写材通過検知手段の働きをも兼ねることによって、コストダウンならびに省スペース化を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施形態における紙種検知手段の基本構成
【図2】汎用される転写手段の概略構成図
【図3】汎用される定着手段の概略構成図
【図4】超音波反射率による紙種検知の原理を示す図
【図5】第1実施形態における超音波素子の配置図
【図6】第1実施形態におけるフローチャート
【図7】超音波透過率による紙種検知の原理を示す図
【図8】第2実施形態における超音波素子の配置図
【図9】第2実施形態におけるフローチャート
【図10】超音波による厚み検知の原理を示す図
【図11】第3実施形態におけるフローチャート
【符号の説明】
1‥‥制御回路
2‥‥送波用超音波回路
3‥‥受波用超音波回路
4‥‥CPU
5‥‥発振器
6‥‥駆動回路
7‥‥送波用超音波素子
8‥‥受波用超音波素子
9‥‥検波回路
10‥‥増幅回路
11‥‥感光体ドラム
12‥‥転写部材
13‥‥転写部位
14‥‥トナー
15‥‥転写バイアス
16‥‥定着部位
17‥‥発熱体
18‥‥定着部材
19‥‥加圧部材
20a‥‥送波された超音波
20b‥‥転写材表面で反射された超音波
20c‥‥転写材を透過した超音波
20d‥‥乱反射した超音波
20e‥‥転写材裏面で反射された超音波
21‥‥転写前ガイド
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention can be used for an image forming apparatus such as a printer, a copying machine, a facsimile, etc. using an electrophotographic system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Forming a visible image with a toner charged to a predetermined potential on the surface of the photosensitive drum as an image carrier, and transferring the visible image to a transfer material;
Further, in an image forming apparatus having a step of fixing the visible image at a fixing portion formed by a fixing member having a heating element and a pressing member pressed against the fixing member,
As shown in FIG. 2, the transfer means allows the transfer material P to pass through a transfer portion 13 formed by a photoreceptor drum 11 and a transfer member 12 which is pressed against the photoreceptor drum 11, and uses a power source to transfer the transfer material P to the opposite polarity to the toner. A bias 15 is applied from the transfer member to the back surface of the transfer member, and the visible image is transferred to the transfer material by an attractive force of an electric field formed by the transfer member and the toner charge.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the transfer material P on which the visible image has been transferred is passed through the fixing portion 16, and the heat applied from the fixing member 18 having the heating element 17 and the pressure applied from the pressing member 19 are provided. An image forming apparatus for fixing an unfixed image to a transfer material by using the same is well known.
[0003]
Here, in order to obtain good fixing performance, it is ideal to appropriately control the amount of heat for fixing, that is, the amount of heat generated by the heating element. However, the appropriate amount of heat generated for fixing varies depending on the type of transfer material. For example, in the case of a coarser transfer material, heat transfer from the fixing member to the transfer material is reduced due to low adhesion to the fixing member. On the other hand, an image defect may be caused by an excessive heat transfer due to a high adhesiveness of a transfer material having a fine grain.
[0004]
At present, as a means for avoiding such a problem, a plurality of modes are created for the heat generation amount control (hereinafter, fixing control) of the heating element. However, a mode in which a user switches the mode is mainstream. When a transfer material that does not correspond to the normal fixing control is passed without switching the mode, the above-described image defect may occur.
[0005]
In the transfer step, it is ideal to always appropriately control the transfer bias in order to obtain good transferability. However, the appropriate transfer bias differs depending on the type of the transfer material. When the paper is thick paper, the transfer bias needs to be large because of the large electric capacity. Conversely, when the paper is thin paper, the bias required to suppress the image defect when the transfer bias becomes excessive is compared. It is desirable to make the target smaller.
[0006]
Although there are multiple modes in the transfer control as well as the current fixing control, the setting by the user is required, and if the user passes the transfer material that does not correspond to the normal transfer control without switching the mode, the above-mentioned Image failure such as
[0007]
For the reasons described above, it is preferable that the image forming apparatus itself can detect the type of the transfer material and switch between the fixing control mode and the transfer control mode based on the detected type of the transfer material.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present invention
Without the need for switching by the user, the image forming apparatus itself determines the type of transfer material,
An image forming apparatus that switches to a fixing control mode suitable for the surface properties of the transfer material,
An image forming apparatus that switches to a transfer control mode suitable for the thickness of a transfer material is proposed.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention
Without the need for user settings, the image forming device itself
An image forming apparatus that uses ultrasonic waves to detect the surface properties of a transfer material (hereinafter, paper type detection) and switches to a fixing control mode suitable for the transfer material, and detects the thickness of the transfer material using ultrasonic waves (hereinafter, thickness detection). ), An image forming apparatus that switches to a transfer control mode suitable for a transfer material.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
(Example)
(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described. This is the image forming apparatus according to the first aspect.
[0011]
FIG. 4 illustrates the principle of detecting the surface property of the transfer material by the ultrasonic reflectance. The ultrasonic wave 20a transmitted from the transmitting ultrasonic element 7 toward the transfer material is reflected on the surface of the transfer material (20b). When the surface of the transfer material is rough, the ultrasonic wave is irregularly reflected 20d or transmitted 20c on the surface of the transfer material, and the reflectance of the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic wave receiving element 8 decreases. Conversely, when the surface of the transfer material is fine-grained, the reflectance of the ultrasonic wave received by the wave receiving ultrasonic element is close to 1. By observing the ultrasonic reflectivity of the transfer material, the surface properties of the transfer material can be determined.
[0012]
In principle, an ultrasonic element can perform both functions of transmitting and receiving waves.However, in transmitting and receiving waves, the vibration amplitude of air is significantly different, and it is more efficient to change the impedance. For this reason, it is preferable to use a separate ultrasonic element. This is the configuration according to claim 6.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a paper type detecting unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The paper type detecting means includes a control circuit 1, a transmitting ultrasonic circuit 2, and a receiving ultrasonic circuit 3.
[0014]
The control circuit includes a CPU 4 and the like of the image forming apparatus, and performs transfer control, fixing control, and control and calculation of a paper type detection unit proposed in the present invention. The transmitting ultrasonic circuit 2 includes an oscillator 5 that receives an electronic signal for transmitting ultrasonic waves from the control circuit 1 and converts it into vibration, a driving circuit 6 for driving the transmitting ultrasonic element 7, and a transfer. It comprises a transmitting ultrasonic element 7 for transmitting an ultrasonic wave toward a material in a predetermined direction. The receiving ultrasonic circuit 3 includes a receiving ultrasonic element 8 for receiving a reflected wave from the transfer material, a detecting circuit 9 for detecting the received ultrasonic wave and converting it into a signal, and amplifying the received signal. It comprises an amplifier circuit 10.
[0015]
The transmitting ultrasonic element and the receiving ultrasonic element are located upstream of the fixing unit in the transfer material transport direction in order to reflect the detection result of the paper type from the first sheet passing to the fixing control. This is the arrangement of the detecting means according to the seventh aspect. The ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and the ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit are arranged on one surface of the transfer material according to the ninth aspect of the present invention in order to check the ultrasonic reflectivity of the transfer material. At this time, it may be on the printing surface side of the transfer material or on the opposite side.
[0016]
FIG. 5 shows an arrangement diagram of the ultrasonic element according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This time, the transmitting ultrasonic element 7 and the receiving ultrasonic element 8 are arranged on the pre-transfer guide 21 for smoothly transferring the transfer material P to the transfer site. At this time, the pre-transfer guide also functions as a detecting means support. At this time, the transmitting ultrasonic element and the receiving ultrasonic element are arranged so that the transfer material P can be irradiated with ultrasonic waves (20a) and the reflected wave from the transfer material can be received (20b). .
[0017]
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating switching of fixing control according to the first embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention. The detecting means is started up at a predetermined timing (s1, s2), and at the timing when the leading end of the transfer material reaches a predetermined position, the transmitting ultrasonic circuit transmits an ultrasonic wave (s3). The predetermined position is a position at which the transfer material can reflect ultrasonic waves. Further, in order to perform switching of the fixing control from the first sheet, the leading end of the transfer material is positioned before the fixing unit. The position is desirable. At this time, the control circuit stores the intensity Ma of the transmitted ultrasonic wave (s4).
[0018]
The ultrasonic wave reflected by the transfer material is converted into an electric signal by a wave receiving ultrasonic circuit and transmitted to a control circuit. The intensity of the reflected wave is stored (Mb) from the transmitted signal. The control circuit calculates the reflectance Mx of the transfer material by comparing the intensity of the transmitted ultrasonic electric signal and the intensity of the reflected electric signal (s8). This reflectivity quantifies the surface properties of the transfer material. In the control circuit, fixing controls F1 to F3 that are switched according to the reflectance are stored in advance. The control circuit determines which reflectivity level the calculated reflectivity corresponds to (s9-1-3), and performs fixing control at the corresponding stage (s10-1-3).
[0019]
In this way, by using the configuration using the ultrasonic element, the image forming apparatus itself can determine the surface property of the transfer material, and the fixing control suitable for the surface property of the transfer material can be performed without switching by the user. You can switch.
[0020]
(Second embodiment)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described. This is the image forming apparatus according to the second aspect.
[0021]
FIG. 7 illustrates the principle of detecting the surface property of the transfer material based on the ultrasonic transmittance.
[0022]
A part of the ultrasonic waves 20a transmitted from the transmitting ultrasonic element 7 toward the transfer material is transmitted 20c by the transfer material. When the surface of the transfer material is rough, the ultrasonic waves are more easily transmitted in the thickness direction of the transfer material, and the transmittance of the ultrasonic waves received by the ultrasonic wave receiving element 8 is close to 1. Conversely, when the surface of the transfer material is fine-grained, the ultrasonic waves are reflected by the surface of the transfer material (20b), and the transmittance of the ultrasonic waves received by the ultrasonic element for wave reception decreases. By observing the transmittance of the transfer material in this way, the surface properties of the transfer material can be determined.
[0023]
The basic configuration of the paper type detection unit of the second embodiment is the same as the basic configuration of the paper type detection unit of the first embodiment (FIG. 1).
[0024]
The paper type detection unit is located upstream of the fixing unit in the transfer material transport direction so that the detection result of the paper type from the first sheet passing is reflected in the fixing control. This is the arrangement of the detecting means according to the seventh aspect. In the arrangement of the transmitting ultrasonic element and the transmitting ultrasonic element, the transfer material according to claim 10 was disposed in order to check the ultrasonic transmittance of the transfer material. At this time, it may be on the printing surface side of the transfer material or on the opposite side.
[0025]
FIG. 8 shows an arrangement diagram of the ultrasonic element according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This time, the ultrasonic wave transmitting element 7 is placed under the pre-transfer guide 21 for smoothly transferring the transfer material to the transfer portion, and the ultrasonic wave receiving element is placed at a position facing the ultrasonic wave transmitting element with the transfer material P interposed therebetween. The sound wave element 9 was arranged. At this time, the transmitting ultrasonic element and the receiving ultrasonic element are arranged so that the transfer material can be irradiated with ultrasonic waves and the transmitted wave from the transfer material can be received.
[0026]
FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating switching of fixing control according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, the detecting means calculates the reflectance of the transfer material, whereas in the second embodiment, the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the transfer material is received (s12), and the transmittance of the transfer material is calculated. (S14) The fixing control mode is separated.
[0027]
As described above, similarly to the first embodiment, an effect is obtained in which switching to fixing control suitable for the surface properties of the transfer material can be performed without requiring switching by the user.
[0028]
(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described. This is the image forming apparatus according to the third aspect.
[0029]
The principle of thickness detection based on the phase difference of ultrasonic waves will be described with reference to FIG. The ultrasonic waves 20a transmitted from the ultrasonic transmitting element 7 are reflected on the surface of the transfer material (20b). At this time, some ultrasonic waves are reflected on the surface of the transfer material, while some ultrasonic waves pass through the transfer material (20c). The transmitted ultrasonic wave is reflected again on the back surface of the transfer material and received by the ultrasonic wave receiving element (20d). The thickness of the transfer material can be determined by calculating the phase difference from the two reflected waves 20b and 20d reflected on the front and back surfaces of the transfer material.
[0030]
The basic configuration of the thickness detecting means of the third embodiment is the same as the basic configuration of the paper type detecting means of the first embodiment (FIG. 1).
[0031]
The thickness detection means is located upstream of the transfer means in the transfer material transport direction in order to reflect the detection result of the paper type from the first sheet passing to the transfer control. This is the arrangement of the detecting means according to claim 8. The ultrasonic transmitting element and the ultrasonic transmitting element are arranged on one surface of the transfer material according to the ninth aspect of the present invention in order to check the ultrasonic reflectivity of the front and back surfaces of the transfer material. At this time, it may be on the printing surface side of the transfer material or on the opposite side.
[0032]
The arrangement of the ultrasonic elements of the third embodiment is the same as the arrangement of the first embodiment.
[0033]
FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating switching of fixing control according to the third embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention. After the detection means has started, the time histories t0 and t1 are reset (s15). The ultrasonic wave transmitting element transmits an ultrasonic wave at the timing when the transfer material is transported to a predetermined position. The predetermined position is a position at which the transfer material can reflect ultrasonic waves. Further, in order to perform switching of the transfer control from the first sheet, the leading end of the transfer material is positioned before the transfer unit. The position is desirable. The ultrasonic wave received first is the ultrasonic wave B1 reflected on the transfer material surface, which is confirmed (s16), and the time t0 is stored. The ultrasonic wave temporally received after B1 is the ultrasonic wave reflected on the back surface of the transfer material, and the time t1 is stored (s18). In S19, a time lag ΔT between the reception of the two reflected waves is calculated. In S21, the thickness Tx of the transfer material is calculated from the ultrasonic velocity C = 331.5 (m / s) and the time Δt.
[0034]
In the control circuit, transfer control that is switched according to the transfer material thickness is stored in advance (T1 to T3). The control element determines to which stage the calculated transfer material thickness Tx corresponds (s22-1 to 3), and performs transfer control at a stage corresponding thereto.
[0035]
As described above, by using the configuration using the ultrasonic element, the image forming apparatus itself can determine the thickness of the transfer material, and can switch to the transfer control suitable for the thickness of the transfer material without requiring switching by the user. Can be.
[0036]
(Fourth embodiment)
The paper type detecting means of the first or second embodiment can also serve as the thickness detecting means of the third embodiment. At this time, the control circuit of FIG. 1 calculates the reflectance from the transmitted ultrasonic wave and the two ultrasonic waves reflected on the surface of the transfer material to determine the surface properties of the transfer material, switches the fixing control, and switches the transfer. The transfer control is switched by judging the thickness of the transfer material from the phase difference between the two ultrasonic waves reflected by the front and back surfaces of the material.
[0037]
In this manner, by employing the configuration using the ultrasonic element, the image forming apparatus itself can determine the surface property and the thickness of the transfer material, and are suitable for the surface property of the transfer material without requiring switching by a user. It is possible to switch between the fixing control and the fixing control suitable for the thickness.
[0038]
(Fifth embodiment)
The paper type detecting means or the thickness detecting means described in the first to fourth embodiments detects the length of the transfer material in the transfer material transport direction from the arrival timing of the leading end of the passing transfer material and the passage time of the transfer material. Can also serve as a function.
[0039]
Although not shown here, as an example of a conventional transfer material passage detection unit,
It has a detection operation unit such as a photo interrupter and a detection lever, and one of the detection levers swings by contacting the transfer material, and the other can swing between the transmitting element and the reception element of the detection operation unit. The detection operation unit detects an operation of a swinging detection lever and transmits an ON-OFF signal to a control circuit of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus.
[0040]
The leading end arrival timing detected by the transfer material passage detecting means has a function of measuring a timing of starting a latent image for forming a visible image by the toner material on the photosensitive member, and a length of the detected transfer material conveyance direction. The function of switching between the paper feeding and the paper interval control of transfer and fixing, or the function of switching the fixing control depending on the size of the transfer material.
[0041]
The transfer material detecting unit using ultrasonic waves in the fourth embodiment detects the arrival timing of the leading end of the transfer material when detecting the ultrasonic waves reflected by the transfer material, and detects the time at which the ultrasonic waves reflected by the transfer material can be observed. The length of the transfer material in the transfer material transport direction is detected.
[0042]
As described above, the present invention also functions as a conventional transfer material passage detection unit, so that cost reduction and space saving can be achieved.
[0043]
(Sixth embodiment)
In addition, in order to perform paper type detection at a higher level, a plurality of transmitting ultrasonic elements may be arranged. Further, these plural transmitting ultrasonic elements may transmit ultrasonic waves having different frequencies and / or intensities, respectively. This is the configuration according to claim 11 of the present invention. Utilizing the fact that the frequency at which ultrasonic waves are easily reflected differs depending on the paper type, the configuration is such that the surface properties and thickness of the transfer material can be determined more clearly.
[0044]
(Seventh embodiment)
Further, the frequency or the intensity of the ultrasonic wave transmitted by at least one transmitting ultrasonic element may be variable. This is the configuration according to claim 12 of the present invention.
[0045]
At this time, similarly to the configuration of the fifth embodiment, the effect of more clearly determining the surface properties and the thickness of the transfer material can be obtained, and the number of ultrasonic wave transmitting circuits to be arranged can be one, so that space can be saved. Cost reduction can be achieved.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, by employing the configuration using the ultrasonic element, the image forming apparatus itself can determine the surface property of the transfer material, and can switch to the fixing control mode suitable for the surface property of the transfer material.
[0047]
The thickness of the transfer material can be determined, and the mode can be switched to a transfer control mode suitable for the thickness of the transfer material.
[0048]
Further, since the present invention also functions as a conventional transfer material passage detection unit, cost reduction and space saving can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of a paper type detecting unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a commonly used transfer unit. FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of a widely used fixing unit. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the principle of paper type detection based on sound wave reflectance. FIG. 5 is a layout diagram of ultrasonic elements in the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a flowchart in the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the principle. FIG. 8 is a layout diagram of the ultrasonic element in the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a flowchart in the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the principle of thickness detection by ultrasonic waves. Flowchart in form [Explanation of reference numerals]
1. Control circuit 2. Transmitting ultrasonic circuit 3. Receiving ultrasonic circuit 4. CPU
5 oscillator 6 drive circuit 7 transmitting ultrasonic element 8 ultrasonic receiving element 9 detecting circuit 10 amplifying circuit 11 photosensitive drum 12 transfer member 13 {Transfer part 14} Toner 15 >> Transfer bias 16 >> Fixing part 17 >> Heating element 18 >> Fixing member 19 >> Pressure member 20a >> Transmitted ultrasonic wave 20b >> Reflection on transfer material surface Ultrasonic wave 20c transmitted through transfer material 20d ultrasonic wave diffused reflected ultrasonic wave 20e ultrasonic wave reflected on transfer material back surface 21 guide before transfer

Claims (12)

像担持体と、該像担持体に可視像を形成する現像手段と、該可視像を転写材に転写する転写手段と、該可視像を転写材に定着する定着手段と、該定着手段の制御を行う定着制御手段と、該定着制御手段は複数の定着制御のモードを有する画像形成装置において、
転写材の超音波反射率を検知する検知手段と、該検知手段からの信号によって定着制御のモードを切り替えることを特徴とする画像形成装置
An image carrier, developing means for forming a visible image on the image carrier, transfer means for transferring the visible image to a transfer material, fixing means for fixing the visible image to a transfer material, and fixing Fixing control means for controlling the means, and the fixing control means in an image forming apparatus having a plurality of fixing control modes,
An image forming apparatus characterized by detecting means for detecting an ultrasonic reflectance of a transfer material, and switching a fixing control mode by a signal from the detecting means.
像担持体と、該像担持体に可視像を形成する現像手段と、該可視像を転写材に転写する転写手段と、該可視像を転写材に定着する定着手段と、該定着手段の制御を行う定着制御手段と、該定着制御手段は複数の定着制御のモードを有する画像形成装置において、
転写材の超音波透過率を検知する検知手段と、該検知手段からの信号によって定着制御のモードを切り替えることを特徴とする画像形成装置
An image carrier, developing means for forming a visible image on the image carrier, transfer means for transferring the visible image to a transfer material, fixing means for fixing the visible image to a transfer material, and fixing Fixing control means for controlling the means, and the fixing control means in an image forming apparatus having a plurality of fixing control modes,
An image forming apparatus characterized by detecting means for detecting an ultrasonic transmittance of a transfer material, and switching a fixing control mode by a signal from the detecting means.
像担持体と、該像担持体に可視像を形成する現像手段と、該可視像を転写材に転写する転写手段と、該可視像を転写材に定着する定着手段と、該転写手段の制御を行う転写制御手段と、該転写制御手段は複数の転写制御のモードを有する画像形成装置において、
転写材の表面と裏面で反射される超音波の位相差を検知する検知手段と、該検知手段からの信号によって転写制御のモードを切り替えることを特徴とする画像形成装置
An image carrier, developing means for forming a visible image on the image carrier, transfer means for transferring the visible image to a transfer material, fixing means for fixing the visible image to a transfer material, and transfer Transfer control means for controlling the means, the transfer control means in an image forming apparatus having a plurality of transfer control modes,
An image forming apparatus comprising: detecting means for detecting a phase difference between ultrasonic waves reflected by a front surface and a back surface of a transfer material; and switching a transfer control mode by a signal from the detecting means.
前記検知手段は、少なくとも超音波素子を具備することを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れかに記載の画像形成装置The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit includes at least an ultrasonic element. 前記検知手段は、少なくとも送波用超音波回路と受波用超音波回路と制御手段を具備することを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れかに記載の画像形成装置The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit includes at least a transmission ultrasonic circuit, a reception ultrasonic circuit, and a control unit. 送波用超音波回路、受波用超音波回路はそれぞれ、少なくとも1つ以上の送波用超音波素子、受波用超音波素子を具備することを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れかに記載の画像形成装置The ultrasonic transmitting circuit and the ultrasonic receiving circuit each include at least one or more ultrasonic transmitting and receiving ultrasonic elements. Image forming apparatus described in 送波用超音波素子と受波用超音波素子は、転写材の搬送方向で定着手段よりも上流側に位置することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の画像形成装置3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting ultrasonic element and the receiving ultrasonic element are located upstream of the fixing unit in a transfer direction of the transfer material. 4. 送波用超音波素子と受波用超音波素子は、転写材の搬送方向で転写手段よりも上流側に位置することを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れかに記載の画像形成装置The image forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transmitting ultrasonic element and the receiving ultrasonic element are located upstream of the transfer unit in the transfer direction of the transfer material. 送波用超音波素子と受波用超音波素子は、転写材のどちらか片面側にともに配置することを特徴とする請求項1、3の何れかに記載の画像形成装置4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting ultrasonic element and the receiving ultrasonic element are disposed on one side of the transfer material. 送波用超音波素子と受波用超音波素子は、転写材の違う面に配置することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の画像形成装置3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the transmitting ultrasonic element and the receiving ultrasonic element are arranged on different surfaces of the transfer material. 送波用超音波素子は、複数存在し、それぞれ少なくとも2つ以上の異なる周波数あるいは強度の超音波を送波することを特徴とする画像形成装置An image forming apparatus comprising: a plurality of transmitting ultrasonic elements, each transmitting at least two or more ultrasonic waves having different frequencies or intensities. 送波用超音波素子の少なくとも1つ以上は、周波数の変化するあるいは強度の変化する超音波を送波することを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れかに記載の画像形成装置The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the transmitting ultrasonic elements transmits an ultrasonic wave whose frequency or intensity changes.
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US8875581B2 (en) 2009-12-14 2014-11-04 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Ultrasonic wave control device and recording material determining device
JP2012128119A (en) * 2010-12-14 2012-07-05 Canon Inc Image forming device
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