JP2004219392A - Apparatus for evaluating dusting characteristic - Google Patents

Apparatus for evaluating dusting characteristic Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004219392A
JP2004219392A JP2003037459A JP2003037459A JP2004219392A JP 2004219392 A JP2004219392 A JP 2004219392A JP 2003037459 A JP2003037459 A JP 2003037459A JP 2003037459 A JP2003037459 A JP 2003037459A JP 2004219392 A JP2004219392 A JP 2004219392A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
dust
powder
cylinder
filter
generated
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Inventor
Masamichi Ota
正道 大田
Yuji Matsuoka
雄二 松岡
Norikazu Inahara
憲和 稲原
Yoichiro Kubo
洋一郎 久保
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KAYA FROCK KK
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KAYA FROCK KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for evaluating dusting characteristics for producing a situation near a handling field and for simultaneously measuring a situation and a quantity of generated dust. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for evaluating dusting characteristics comprises a dust generating part 1 and a dust collecting part 2. The dust generating part is provided with a hopper 4 for dropping measured powder to the top of a cylinder, and the measured powder falls and the dust is generated. The cylinder 3 uses a transparent material so as to enable observation of the situation of the dust from the outside. The dust collecting part is a structure, having a duct 8 inserted laterally into the center of the cylinder and sucking the generated dust, and one end of the duct is directly connected to a filter 9 for collecting dust and is also connected to a suction apparatus 11 for sucking air through a flowmeter 10. After the measurement, the filter is removed, and the quantity of the dust collected is measured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、取り扱う粉体の発塵性を評価する装置に関し、例えばホッパーを用いた粉体の収袋作業や粉体の溶解作業などを行う粉体取り扱い作業現場での発塵性の予測あるいは防塵対策の検討に有用な粉体の発塵性評価装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】下水処理場やし尿処理場などの汚泥処理に使用されている高分子凝集剤は溶解性および溶解時間等の観点から細かく粉砕した粉末品が主に使用されている。この凝集剤は処理場で水に溶解し、汚泥に添加されるが、現場での溶解作業時に凝集剤の粉塵が発生し、作業者が吸引したり、飛散した粉体で床等が滑りやすくなったり、機器および設備を汚すなどの弊害が生じている。防塵対策を施している処理場もあるが、充分とは言えないのが現状である。これは、凝集剤に限らず、粉体を扱う作業現場での共通の問題点である。一方、粉塵の測定装置としては、環境汚染に関連した大気中の浮遊物質や清浄工室内の粉塵等、微細かつ微量の粉塵を扱うものがほとんどで、粉体を扱う作業現場にそくした粉体の発塵性の有効な評価方法はないのが現状である。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】粉体の防塵対策の検討には、粉体の発塵性評価は必要不可欠な技術であり、本発明は上記のような現状を考慮してなされたものであり、粉体作業現場での粉塵発生を予測できる簡便な粉体の発塵性評価装置を提供することを目的としている。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するためには、粉体作業現場での粉塵発生状況に近い状態を作りだし、発生した粉塵を捕集することによって発塵量を測定することが最も良いと考え、種々検討を行った。その結果、発塵性評価装置として、粉塵発生部と発生した粉塵を捕集する粉塵捕集部とを備えた以下の構造とすることによって、本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0005】すなわち、粉塵の発生は、粉体のホッパーへの投入、溶解槽への投入、収袋等、粉体を落下させる場合に主として起こることに着目し、粉塵発生部として筒頂部に測定粉体を投入するホッパーを備え、底部を閉じた筒状とし、測定粉体をホッパーから落下させ、粉塵を発生させる。この際、ホッパー底部の粉体投入口には、ストッパーを設け、測定粉体仕込み時は閉じ、測定時に開口して粉体を落下させる構造とする。また、筒の素材としては、外部から粉塵の状況を観察できるように、透明プラスチック、硝子等の透明な素材とする。
【0006】粉塵捕集部は、粉塵発生部の筒中央横に穴を開け、そこからダクトを筒内部に挿入し、先端を筒下方に曲げ、そこから発生した粉塵を吸引する構造とし、さらにダクトの一方の先は粉塵を捕集するフィルター部に直結し、さらに流量計を経て、空気を吸引する吸引装置につながる構造とする。フィルターは、取り外し可能で、捕集した粉塵量を測定できる構造であれば特に制限はなく、例えばフィルターホルダーにろ紙をセットした形のものなどを使用することができる。粉塵発生量はフィルター部の重量増から計測することができ、粉塵の内容については粒度分布等別途測定することが可能である。
【0007】粉塵発生部の寸法については特に制限はないが、実際の粉塵発生状態に近似の状態を再現できることが重要であり、以下の範囲が好ましい。
筒直径:筒高 = 1 : 3.0〜6.0
筒直径:ホッパー投入口径 = 1 : 0.2〜0.5
筒直径:ダクト口径 = 1 : 0.1〜0.3
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】図1に本発明の実施の一形態を示す。 1は粉塵発生部であり、粉塵発生筒3、粉体投入ホッパー4、投入口5及びそのストッパー6により構成される。2は粉塵捕集部であり、粉塵発生筒内に導入された粉塵吸引口7、吸引ダクト8、粉塵捕集フィルターホルダー9、流量計10及び吸引ポンプ11より構成される。粉体の発塵性測定に当たって、フィルターの一例としてろ紙を用い、まず、その重量を測定し、粉塵捕集フィルターホルダー9にセットする。次に測定粉体を秤量し、ホッパー底部の粉体投入口5にストッパー6をかけ、粉体をホッパー4に仕込む。次に、吸引ポンプ11を作動させ、流量計10で一定の吸入量に設定する。吸入量の設定にあたっては、その吸入によって粉塵が発生しない吸入量とする。ストッパー6をはずし、粉体を粉塵発生筒内に投入する。発生した粉塵が目視で認められなくなった時点、あるいは一定時間後に吸引を停止する。フィルターホルダーからフィルター(ろ紙)を取り外し、秤量を行い、粉塵発生量を計量する。捕集した粉塵は、そのまま種々の分析手段によって粉塵性状を把握するのに利用することが可能である。
【0009】
【実施例】以下、実施例によって本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【0010】実施例1〜12
本発明の発塵性評価装置により再現性良く粉体の発塵性を評価出来るかどうかを確認するため、高分子凝集剤粉末12種類を無作為に選択し、該装置により発塵性の評価を行った。図1に示した装置の粉体投入ホッパーへ高分子凝集剤試料各2kgを仕込む。次に、吸引ポンプを始動し、吸引量を40L/minに設定した。吸引量が安定した後、ストッパーをはずして、粉体投入口から試料を粉塵発生筒内に落とし込んだ。3人によって目視で粉塵の発生状態を観察、評価すると共に、ストッパーをはずした時点から、2分間吸引を行い、その後、粉塵捕集フィルターに捕集された粉塵量の計測を行った。実験結果を表1に示したが、粉塵捕集量と目視評価の結果が良い相関を示し、粉塵捕集量が約20mg/kg以下では全ての作業者が粉塵は全くたたないと評価した。さらに、約40〜100mg/kgになるとややたつ、約150mg/kg以上はかなりたつと評価をした。なお、この結果は現場での発塵性とも良く一致し、本発明の発塵性評価装置により、粉体の発塵性を再現性良く、予測、評価出来ることを確認した。
【0011】
【表1】

Figure 2004219392
【0012】
【発明の効果】粉体作業現場での粉塵の発生は、周囲環境への影響、作業者の健康、作業効率等、種々の面で悪影響が大きい。特に製品の形状が粉体である場合、粉塵の発生を極力抑制した製品とすることが製造者の使命であり、その面から粉体取り扱い現場での発塵性を予測、評価する装置が望まれていた。本発明は、取り扱い現場に近い状況を作り出し、粉塵の発生状況と発生粉塵量とを同時に測定できる発塵性評価装置であり、粉塵防止の検討に有効な手段を提供するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の発塵性評価装置の実施の構成例を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 粉塵発生部
2 粉塵捕集部
3 粉塵発生筒
4 粉体投入ホッパー
5 粉体投入口
6 ストッパー
7 粉塵吸引口
8 ダクト
9 粉塵捕集フィルタホルダー
10 流量計
11 吸引ポンプ
12 排気口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for evaluating the dusting property of powder to be handled, and for example, at a powder handling work site where a bag is collected using a hopper or a powder is melted. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for evaluating dust generation of powder, which is useful for predicting dust generation of dust or examining dust prevention measures.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art As a polymer flocculant used for sludge treatment in a sewage treatment plant or a human waste treatment plant, a finely pulverized powder is mainly used from the viewpoint of solubility and dissolution time. This flocculant dissolves in water at the treatment plant and is added to the sludge.Dust of the flocculant is generated at the time of dissolution work at the site, and the floor is slippery due to the suction or scattering of the powder by the worker. And adverse effects such as soiling of equipment and facilities. Some treatment plants are taking measures against dust, but at present it is not enough. This is a common problem not only in flocculants but also in work sites handling powders. On the other hand, most dust measurement devices handle fine and minute amounts of dust, such as airborne substances related to environmental pollution and dust in a clean room. At present, there is no effective method for evaluating dust generation.
[0003]
The study of powder dust prevention is an indispensable technique for examining dust prevention measures for powder, and the present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned current situation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple powder dust generation evaluation device capable of predicting dust generation at a powder work site.
[0004]
In order to achieve the above object, a state close to a dust generation situation at a powder work site is created, and the amount of generated dust is measured by collecting the generated dust. Was considered the best, and various investigations were conducted. As a result, the present invention has been completed by adopting the following structure including a dust generation unit and a dust collection unit that collects generated dust as a dust generation evaluation device.
[0005] That is, attention is paid to the fact that dust is mainly generated when the powder is dropped, such as charging the powder into a hopper, charging into a melting tank, and bag collection. A hopper for charging powder is provided. The bottom is closed and the measurement powder is dropped from the hopper to generate dust. At this time, a stopper is provided at the powder input port at the bottom of the hopper, which is closed when charging the powder for measurement, and opened to drop the powder when measuring. The material of the cylinder is a transparent material such as transparent plastic or glass so that the state of dust can be observed from the outside.
The dust collecting section has a structure in which a hole is made in the center of the cylinder of the dust generating section, a duct is inserted into the inside of the cylinder, the tip is bent downward, and the dust generated therefrom is sucked. One end of the duct is directly connected to a filter that collects dust, and is further connected to a suction device that sucks air through a flow meter. The filter is not particularly limited as long as it is removable and can measure the amount of collected dust. For example, a filter in which filter paper is set in a filter holder can be used. The amount of generated dust can be measured from the increase in weight of the filter portion, and the content of the dust can be separately measured such as the particle size distribution.
The size of the dust generating portion is not particularly limited, but it is important that a state similar to the actual dust generating state can be reproduced, and the following range is preferable.
Cylinder diameter: Cylinder height = 1: 3.0 to 6.0
Cylinder diameter: Hopper input port diameter = 1: 0.2 to 0.5
Tube diameter: duct diameter = 1: 0.1 to 0.3
[0008]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a dust generating unit, which includes a dust generating cylinder 3, a powder input hopper 4, an input port 5, and a stopper 6 thereof. Reference numeral 2 denotes a dust collecting unit, which includes a dust suction port 7, a suction duct 8, a dust collecting filter holder 9, a flow meter 10, and a suction pump 11 introduced into the dust generating cylinder. In measuring the dust generation of the powder, filter paper is used as an example of a filter. First, the weight of the filter paper is measured, and the filter paper is set in the dust collection filter holder 9. Next, the measured powder is weighed, a stopper 6 is put on a powder inlet 5 at the bottom of the hopper, and the powder is charged into the hopper 4. Next, the suction pump 11 is operated, and the flow meter 10 is set to a constant suction amount. In setting the suction amount, the suction amount is set so that dust is not generated by the suction. The stopper 6 is removed, and the powder is introduced into the dust generating cylinder. The suction is stopped when the generated dust is no longer visually observed or after a certain period of time. Remove the filter (filter paper) from the filter holder, weigh, and measure the amount of dust generated. The collected dust can be used as it is to grasp the dust properties by various analysis means.
[0009]
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples, but it should not be construed that the present invention is limited thereto.
Examples 1 to 12
In order to confirm whether the dusting property of the powder can be evaluated with good reproducibility by the dusting property evaluation apparatus of the present invention, 12 kinds of polymer flocculant powders were randomly selected and evaluated by the apparatus. Was done. 2 kg of each polymer flocculant sample is charged into the powder input hopper of the apparatus shown in FIG. Next, the suction pump was started, and the suction amount was set to 40 L / min. After the suction amount was stabilized, the stopper was removed, and the sample was dropped from the powder inlet into the dust generating cylinder. The state of dust generation was visually observed and evaluated by three persons, and at the time when the stopper was removed, suction was performed for 2 minutes, and then the amount of dust collected by the dust collecting filter was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 1. The amount of collected dust and the result of the visual evaluation showed a good correlation. When the amount of collected dust was about 20 mg / kg or less, all workers evaluated that there was no dust. . Furthermore, it was evaluated that when it reached about 40 to 100 mg / kg, it was a little slower, and when it was about 150 mg / kg or more, it was evaluated that it was quite hard. In addition, this result was in good agreement with the on-site dust generation property, and it was confirmed that the dust generation property of the present invention could be predicted and evaluated with good reproducibility by the dust generation evaluation apparatus of the present invention.
[0011]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004219392
[0012]
EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The generation of dust at a powder work site has a great adverse effect on various aspects such as the influence on the surrounding environment, the health of workers, and the work efficiency. In particular, when the product is in the form of powder, it is the manufacturer's mission to minimize the generation of dust, and from that aspect, a device that predicts and evaluates the dust generation at the powder handling site is desired. Had been rare. The present invention is a dust generation evaluation device that can create a situation close to the handling site and can simultaneously measure the generation state of dust and the amount of generated dust, and provides an effective means for studying dust prevention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of an embodiment of a dust generation evaluation apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dust generation part 2 Dust collection part 3 Dust generation cylinder 4 Powder input hopper 5 Powder input port 6 Stopper 7 Dust suction port 8 Duct 9 Dust collection filter holder 10 Flow meter 11 Suction pump 12 Exhaust port

Claims (1)

粉体の発塵性を評価する装置であって、筒頂部に測定粉体を投入するホッパーを備え、測定粉体をホッパーから落下させて粉塵を発生させ、外部から粉塵発生状況を観察出来る筒状の粉塵発生部と筒横の穴から発生した粉塵を吸引する吸引装置とその途中に設けた粉塵を捕集するフィルターとからなる粉塵捕集部を備えた発塵性評価装置において、フィルターは取り外し可能な構造として、その重量変化から発塵量を測定することを特徴とする発塵性評価装置。It is a device that evaluates the dust generation of powder, and has a hopper at the top of the cylinder for charging the measurement powder, generates the dust by dropping the measurement powder from the hopper, and can observe the dust generation status from outside. In the dust generation evaluation device having a dust collecting portion comprising a dust generating portion having a shape of a circle, a suction device for sucking dust generated from a hole in the side of the cylinder, and a filter for collecting dust provided in the middle thereof, the filter is: A dusting property evaluation device having a detachable structure and measuring a dusting amount from a change in weight thereof.
JP2003037459A 2003-01-10 2003-01-10 Apparatus for evaluating dusting characteristic Pending JP2004219392A (en)

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CN105628568A (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-06-01 陕西华电榆横煤化工有限公司 Online measurement system and method for solid content of exhaust gas
CN106168593A (en) * 2016-08-29 2016-11-30 广东慧信环保有限公司 The equipment of a kind of smoke dust sampling and the computational methods of dust concentration
CN107957387A (en) * 2017-12-23 2018-04-24 安徽工程大学 The test device and evaluation method of down products dust content
KR20190002604A (en) * 2016-05-02 2019-01-08 요시노 셋고 가부시키가이샤 Non-acidic evaluation method of powder and non-acidic evaluation device of powder
CN109224715A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-01-18 广东贺尔环境技术有限公司 Dust generator and culvert type large space dedusting simulation experiment system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105628568A (en) * 2015-12-23 2016-06-01 陕西华电榆横煤化工有限公司 Online measurement system and method for solid content of exhaust gas
CN105628568B (en) * 2015-12-23 2019-02-15 华电煤业集团有限公司 A kind of flue gas solid content on-line measurement system and method
KR20190002604A (en) * 2016-05-02 2019-01-08 요시노 셋고 가부시키가이샤 Non-acidic evaluation method of powder and non-acidic evaluation device of powder
KR102165372B1 (en) 2016-05-02 2020-10-14 요시노 셋고 가부시키가이샤 Powder scattering evaluation method and powder scattering evaluation device
CN106168593A (en) * 2016-08-29 2016-11-30 广东慧信环保有限公司 The equipment of a kind of smoke dust sampling and the computational methods of dust concentration
CN107957387A (en) * 2017-12-23 2018-04-24 安徽工程大学 The test device and evaluation method of down products dust content
CN107957387B (en) * 2017-12-23 2023-06-09 安徽工程大学 Method for evaluating dust content of down products
CN109224715A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-01-18 广东贺尔环境技术有限公司 Dust generator and culvert type large space dedusting simulation experiment system

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