JP2004215758A - Container for warming liquid and warmer thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a thermal conductivity from a heater to a parenteral fluid such as an instillation liquid or blood, in a warmer for the blood and the like. <P>SOLUTION: A cartridge for a warmer, in which a resin film is bonded on the surface of a frame-like spacer member, has a space for allowing a liquid to flow in its inside. In this cartridge, the plate-like spacer member has flow passage partitions for forming a passage of the fluid, and the resin film overhanging from the cartridge in a convex shape at flow passage parts between the flow passage partitions. Since the convex shape is elastically deformed when the cartridge is attached on the warmer to generate contact pressure, the thermal conductivity from the heater to the instillation liquid and the like can be improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heater for a parenteral liquid such as an infusion liquid or blood, which has improved heat conductivity from a heater of the heater to the infusion liquid or blood.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Blood and other parenteral liquids are typically stored at a low temperature of about 4 ° C. to maintain freshness and activity. Before injecting such a liquid into a patient, it is common practice to raise the temperature of the incoming liquid to 36 ° C. to 38 ° C., which is close to the patient's body temperature, in order to reduce the pain and physical burden on the patient.
[0003]
A system for warming blood to be injected into a patient is shown in the connection block diagram of FIG. Blood is initially stored in a resin storage bag (a). Then, the storage bag (a), the heater (b), and the blood transfusion needle (c) are arranged in this order, and the respective devices are connected by an infusion tube (f).
The storage bag (a) is hung on a pivotable intravenous drip pole with hooks for hanging the intravenous drip bag. The blood in the storage bag (a) is sent to the heater (b) by the potential energy, where it is heated to 36 to 38 ° C. and is transfused into the patient via the blood transfusion needle (c). When the transfusion volume is large, a pressurizing pump (e) may be connected between the storage bag (a) and the heater (b).
[0004]
The heater has two temperature control plates arranged substantially in parallel at an appropriate interval, and a heating vessel serving as a blood flow path is sandwiched between the two in a state in which a contact pressure is generated (for example, in the technical literature). 1). Here, the heating of the two temperature adjusting plates is controlled by heaters each having an electric control means. Therefore, heat is transmitted from the heater to the blood transfusion via the temperature control plate and the heating vessel.
[0005]
The heat exchange container in the heater uses a bag formed by laminating at least two sheets of a soft plastic material, for example, a soft vinyl chloride sheet, and sealing a portion defining a contour of a liquid flow path. (For example, see Technical Document 1).
In recent years, instead of this, a cartridge type heating vessel in which a flow path pattern is formed in a plate-like spacer member so as to penetrate the plate thickness and resin films are stuck on both surfaces of the spacer member has been used. Was. For example, MAXONE I.M. V. A warmer such as WARMER (see Technical Document 2). In these heaters, as shown in FIG. 6, a cartridge having a structure in which a resin film 12 of polycarbonate or the like is adhered to both sides of a plate-like spacer member 11 formed of a resin of polycarbonate or the like is used.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-001183 (Sections 1, 6, and 2)
[Patent Document 2]
US Pat. No. 6,336,003 (Section 12, FIG. 8)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The amount of heat conduction from the heater of the heater to the blood transfusion depends on the temperature difference between the heater and the blood transfusion, the contact area between the temperature control plate and the heat exchange container, and the heat transfer efficiency. Here, the heat source temperature of the heater is generally limited to a maximum temperature of 43 ° C. in order to prevent deterioration of blood transfusion. Further, the contact area between the two is determined to some extent by the outer dimensions of the heater. Therefore, it is important to improve the heat transfer efficiency in order to improve the energy efficiency and the miniaturization of the heater.
[0008]
Here, the conventionally used vinyl sheet heating bag uses a relatively thick vinyl sheet of about 0.2 mm so that the strength can be ensured even without a frame, so that heat conduction is poor. Further, even if the sheet is thickened, the rigidity of the heating bag is low, and there is a problem that it is difficult to mount the heating bag on the heating device.
[0009]
On the other hand, in the cartridge type in which the resin film is attached to both surfaces of the spacer member, the rigidity of the spacer member allows the rigidity of the entire cartridge to be obtained even if the film attached to both surfaces of the spacer member is made thin. For example, the above-mentioned MAX ONEI. V. WARMER uses a 0.1 mm thick film and can improve the heat transfer efficiency in the film portion as compared to a vinyl sheet heating bag. In addition, the shape is stable, and the cartridge can be easily mounted on the heater.
[0010]
However, the conventional cartridge type has the following problems due to the manufacturing method and structure of the cartridge.
In general, the cartridge is often formed by thermally welding a resin film 12 to a resin spacer member 11 shown in FIG. Specifically, heat welding is performed by, for example, passing the spacer member 11 and the resin film 12 in a state of being overlapped between a pair of pressure rollers heated to about 200 ° C. At this time, the surface of the pressure roller is coated with an elastic fluororesin or the like so that the resin film 12 uniformly contacts the entire surface of the spacer member 11. The fluororesin coating of the pressure roller is elastically deformed and depressed in a portion where it abuts on the spacer member 11 via the film 12, and the resin film 12 is pushed between the spacer members 11 in the channel portion 13 of the spacer member. . Therefore, the film surface of the cartridge is slightly depressed in the flow path portion 13 through which the blood transfusion passes, as shown in FIG.
[0011]
As a result, when the cartridge is mounted on the heater, an air layer 500 having high heat insulating property is formed between the temperature control plate 21 and the film surface 121 of the flow path portion 13, and even if a thin resin film is used, the air layer 500 is not heated. There was the problem that the overall thermal conductivity to blood transfusion could be worse than a vinyl sheet warming bag.
[0012]
When the cartridge is manufactured by bonding the resin spacer member 11 and the resin film 12, the resin film 12 is not depressed in manufacturing the cartridge. Therefore, the resin film 12 comes into contact with the temperature control plate 21 when the cartridge is mounted on the heater. However, since the load for pressing the cartridge and the temperature control plate 21 is supported by the spacer member 11, there is no contact pressure between the temperature control plate 21 and the resin film 12 for positively pressing both. Therefore, when viewed microscopically, as shown in FIG. 8, a part of the two is in point contact with each other, and most of them are in a state of facing each other via the air layer 500. Therefore, also in this case, there is a problem that the overall thermal conductivity from the heater to the blood transfusion does not increase so much.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to provide a cartridge for a heater and a heater in which a heat transfer characteristic from a heater to a blood or the like is improved in a heater for blood or the like in order to solve the above problems.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The heater cartridge of the present invention has a resin film bonded to the surface of a frame-shaped spacer member having an inflow port through which a liquid such as blood flows in and an outflow port through which the liquid flows out, and has a space in which the liquid flows inside. The frame-shaped spacer member has a flow path partition constituting a flow path of the fluid, and the resin film has a shape in which the resin film protrudes outward in the cartridge in a convex shape at a flow path portion between the flow path partitions. It is characterized by the following.
[0015]
The cartridge for a heater of the present invention is characterized in that the resin film in the cartridge for a heater is any of polycarbonate, acrylic, ABS, polystyrene, polyacetal, polyethylene, and vinyl chloride.
[0016]
The heater of the present invention is characterized in that the heater has a pair of flat plate-shaped temperature control sections and uses the first heater cartridge.
[0017]
The method for manufacturing a cartridge for a heater according to the present invention is such that a flat resin film is aligned with the outer shape of a frame-shaped spacer member, and is adhered by a method such as adhesion, heat welding, or vibration welding to form a cartridge. The cartridge is sandwiched in a mold having a concave depression corresponding to the flow path portion between the flow path partitions, the mold and the resin film are closely adhered to each other, and the cartridge and the mold are heated to 200 ° C. in a combined state. In this state, the resin film is sucked through a suction hole provided in a depression of the mold, and the resin film is formed into a convex shape by vacuum molding.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The heater cartridge and the heater of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing preferred embodiments. FIG. 9 shows an outline view of the heater according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9, the heater body 2 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with rounded corners, and includes a case body 3 and a lid body 4 that are connected to be openable and closable. The heater body 2 has a height of 250 mm and a width of 110 mm, the thickness of the case body 3 is about 40 mm, and the thickness of the lid body 4 is about 30 mm. When the lid 4 is closed, the inner surfaces of the case 3 and the lid 4 facing each other are covered with a flat temperature control plate 21 except for the ends. Here, the case body 3 and the lid body 4 are generally formed by injection molding of resin, respectively.
[0019]
In FIG. 9, the positional relationship between the cartridge 1 and the case body 3 during use, specifically, the hook 17 of the cartridge 1 is engaged with the guide pin 22, and the cartridge 1 is in close contact with the temperature control plate 21 of the case body 3. It is shown in a state combined with the position. In actual use, the lid 4 is closed, and the cartridge 1 is used in close contact with the temperature control plate 21 of the lid 4. As shown in FIG. 9, the lid 4 is opened only during maintenance such as cleaning.
[0020]
Behind the temperature control plate 21, a mica heater is fixed to the temperature control plate with a metal-based adhesive (eg, HR-300 manufactured by DEVCON CORPORATION). The mica heater is divided into three blocks so that the power can be independently controlled for each of the blood inflow portion, the central portion, and the outflow portion of the cartridge 1.
[0021]
The temperature adjusting plate 21 provided in the case body 3 is moved in conjunction with the operation of the lever 25 by a parallel moving mechanism provided inside the case body 3. A known mechanism can be used as the moving mechanism. For example, a structure may be employed in which the temperature control plate 21 is supported by a plurality of guide posts provided inside the case body 3 so as to be able to move in parallel, and the back surface of the temperature control plate 21 is pushed by a cam connected to the lever 25.
Although not shown here, a temperature sensor is disposed at a predetermined position of the temperature control plate 21, and the case body 3 houses a power supply circuit and a control unit. Further, a power cord is connected to the back side of the case body 3.
Hereinafter, a combination of the heater main body 2 and the cartridge 1 is referred to as a heater 100.
[0022]
In mounting the cartridge of the heater 100 according to the present invention, the hook 17 of the cartridge 1 is engaged with the guide pin 22 of the case body 3, and the cartridge 1 is inserted into the gap between the case body 3 and the lid body 4 of the heater body 2. Insert while rotating. Then, when the lever 25 is turned from the vertical position to the horizontal position, the temperature adjusting plate 21 provided on the case body 3 moves in parallel with the lever 25 and comes into close contact with the cartridge 1.
[0023]
FIG. 1 is an external view of a heater cartridge 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cartridge 1 is a plate having a length of about 230 mm, a width of about 80 mm, and a thickness of about 2 mm, and has a structure in which a resin film 12 of polycarbonate or the like is attached to both surfaces of a plate-like spacer member 11 formed of a resin of polycarbonate or the like. The spacer member 11 is a rectangular frame having a thickness of 1.8 mm, and has a pair of short sides each having an opening for inflow and outflow of blood, and the opening is provided outside the rectangular frame. It communicates with the inflow side connection part 14 and the outflow side connection part 15 with the catheter.
[0024]
In addition, the flow path partitions 16 having the same thickness as the frame are alternately extended from the inner wall of one long side to the vicinity of the inner wall of the other long side in a comb shape on the pair of long sides to separate the flow path portion 13. And effectively extend the length. A resin film 12 made of polycarbonate or the like has an outer shape that covers the entire flow path of the spacer member 11 and is joined to both surfaces of the spacer member 11. Then, as shown in the partial sectional view of FIG. 1D, a blood flow path surrounded by the spacer member 11 and the resin film 12 is formed.
[0025]
Note that a hook portion 17 having a cutout opened in a wedge shape in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cartridge or slightly in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cartridge from the semicircular apex is provided on the side of the inflow side connection portion 14 of the cartridge. . Further, a through hole 18 is provided on the side of the outflow-side connection portion 14 of the cartridge.
[0026]
FIG. 2 shows details of the cross-sectional shape of the cartridge 1. The resin film 12 and the flow path partition 16 of the spacer member 11 are joined to both the front side and the back side at a joining portion 122 where they contact each other. As the distance from the joining portion 122 in the direction of the flow path 13 increases, the resin film 12 projects outward from the surface of the flow path partition 16, and after the distance between the resin films 12 on the front side and the back side increases to a predetermined amount, both become flat. The heat transfer surface 123 is formed. Accordingly, the cross section of the resin film 12 between the flow path partitions 16 is constituted by the tapered portion 124 in the middle of the interval between the resin film 12 on the front side and the back side being widened and the heat transfer surface 123 in which both are flattened. 11 has a convex shape outside. Here, it is desirable that the heat transfer surface 123 be a parallel surface.
[0027]
In this embodiment, the distance between the flow path partitions 16 is 3 mm, and the thickness of the polycarbonate resin film 12 is 0.1 mm. The height from the film surface of the joint 122 to the convex heat transfer surface 123 was 0.3 mm.
Therefore, the thickness (AA ′) of the cartridge at the joint 122 is 1.8 mm in thickness of the flow path partition 16 and 0.2 mm in thickness of the resin film 12 made of polycarbonate welded to both surfaces thereof. 0 mm. The thickness (B-B ') of the resin film 12 on the heat transfer surface 123 is 2.6 mm because the resin film protrudes by 0.3 mm on both sides.
[0028]
Next, a sectional view of the cartridge in a state where the cartridge 1 is mounted on the heater 2 is shown in FIG. Here, the heat transfer surface 123 of the resin film 12 made of polycarbonate protrudes outside the surface of the joining portion 122 by 0.3 mm when the cartridge 1 is alone, but when the temperature control plate 21 is in close contact with the cartridge 1, FIG. As shown in (2), the heat transfer surface 123 is in close contact with the temperature control plate 21 so that the overhang is eliminated.
[0029]
This is because the tapered portion 124 of the resin film 12 is elastically deformed, and a load is generated in a direction in which the deformation is restored, that is, a direction in which the heat transfer surface 123 is brought into close contact with the temperature control plate 21. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the air layer 500 between the temperature control plate 21 and the film surface 121 of the cartridge is reduced, and the substantial contact area between the two is increased. During this time, the heat transfer efficiency can be improved.
Note that the shapes of the convex heat transfer surface 123 and the tapered portion 124 change depending on the manufacturing method of the cartridge described later, and do not always have a uniform inclination. For example, the heat transfer surface 123 may have an arc shape, and the heat transfer surface 123 and the tapered portion 124 may have a continuous arc shape in cross section. Even in this case, the heat transfer surface 123 is elastically deformed and closely adheres to the temperature control plate 123, and the tapered portion 124 is also elastically deformed to generate a load in a direction in which the heat transfer surface 123 closely adheres to the temperature control plate 21. Although the contact area is smaller than when the heat transfer surface 123 is flat, the efficiency is somewhat reduced, but the same effect is obtained.
[0030]
Next, a comparison result of the heat transfer efficiency of the heater using the cartridge according to the present invention and the conventional cartridge will be described. Here, a polycarbonate resin film was used as the film to be attached to the spacer member, and the blood transfusion flow rate was compared using a pressure pump at a flow rate of 70 ml / min. The heat transfer efficiency was calculated from the input power calculated from the average value of the heater temperature and the ratio of the power transmitted to the blood calculated from the blood temperature difference between the cartridge inlet and outlet. While the heat transfer efficiency of the heater using the conventional cartridge is 8.5%, the heat transfer efficiency of the heater using the cartridge according to the present invention is 34%, and the improvement of the heat transfer efficiency is almost four times. It could be confirmed.
[0031]
Therefore, a heater that is smaller than the conventional one and exhibits the same performance as the conventional one due to the improvement of the heat transfer efficiency according to the present invention, or a heater that is the same size as the conventional one and can cope with the use condition with a larger flow rate than the conventional one Can be developed.
[0032]
In order to generate the contact pressure between the cartridge 1 and the temperature control plate 21, the temperature control plate 21 may be formed to have a convex portion corresponding to the depression on the film surface of the cartridge 1. Since the reproducibility of the cartridge is not guaranteed and the process of providing the convex portion on the temperature control plate 21 becomes complicated, it is more preferable to form the cartridge 1 in a convex shape and combine the flat temperature control plate 21 as in the present invention. Stable and easy to reduce manufacturing costs.
[0033]
Next, the use of a pump during blood transfusion will be discussed. As described above, a pump is required when the amount of blood transfusion is large, but the pump has also been used for the purpose of pressurizing blood transfusion. In a conventional type of heater using a heating bag, the blood transfusion is pressurized to secure a contact pressure between the heating bag and the temperature control plate, and heat is transferred from the heater to the blood transfusion.
[0034]
Even in the case of the cartridge type heater, when the resin film 12 is bonded to the spacer member 11 in the conventional structure and formed, the film surface 121 of the flow path portion of the cartridge and the temperature control plate 21 come into contact with almost no contact pressure. Therefore, it is conceivable to slightly improve the heat transfer efficiency by pressurizing the blood transfusion with a pump.
However, in this case, it is presumed that the use of a pump is essential at the time of blood transfusion, and the effect is not so large because the tension of the resin film 12 acts as a drag against the pressure of the blood transfusion.
[0035]
The heater 100 using the cartridge 1 according to the present invention passes through the cartridge 1 because the heat transfer efficiency of the temperature control plate 21 and the film surface 121 is improved by the elastic deformation of the resin film 12 as described above. High heat transfer efficiency can be obtained regardless of the pressure of blood transfusion. Therefore, the blood transfusion can be heated without a pump, and the cost of the blood transfusion heating system can be reduced.
[0036]
Next, a method for manufacturing a cartridge according to the present invention will be described.
In the first manufacturing method, first, a flat resin film 12 made of polycarbonate is aligned with the outer shape of the spacer member 11 and attached by a known method such as adhesion, heat welding, or vibration welding to form the cartridge 1. Next, the cartridge 1 is sandwiched in a mold having a concave portion corresponding to the convex portion of the resin film 12, and the resin film 12 is brought into close contact with the mold.
[0037]
Then, the cartridge 1 is heated to a temperature at which the resin film is softened (145 ° C. to 200 ° C. in the case of a polycarbonate resin film) in a state in which the cartridge 1 and the mold are combined, and in this state, suction is performed through a suction hole provided in a depression of the mold. Then, the resin film 12 is formed into a convex shape by vacuum forming.
[0038]
In the second manufacturing method, first, a flat resin film 12 made of polycarbonate is aligned with the outer shape of the spacer member 11 and attached by a known method such as adhesion, heat welding, or vibration welding to form the cartridge 1. Next, one of the inflow-side connection portion 14 and the outflow-side connection portion 15 of the cartridge 1 is plugged, and the other is connected to an air source.
[0039]
Next, the cartridge 1 is fixed to a metal jig. This jig is one size larger than the cartridge 1 and has metal plates fixed in parallel at 2.6 mm intervals. At this time, the cartridge is fixed at a distance of 0.3 mm from each metal plate and is fixed in parallel with the metal plate.
[0040]
Next, the combination of the metal plate and the cartridge 1 is put into an oven. Then, air flows from an air source to pressurize the inside of the cartridge 1. The pressurizing pressure was set to 100 kPa, the oven was set to 200 ° C., and held for 1 hour. The resin film 12 between the flow path partitions is stretched and bulged outward by the air pressure, and the surface thereof comes into contact with the jig and becomes flat, so that a convex portion is formed.
When a metal jig is not used in the present method, the convex shape is an arc shape in which the heat transfer plate 123 and the tapered portion 124 are continuous in cross section.
[0041]
In the third manufacturing method, first, the polycarbonate resin film 12 is formed into a predetermined shape by vacuum forming using a mold having a concave depression corresponding to the convex portion. The heating temperature was 200 ° C. for a polycarbonate resin film.
[0042]
Next, the positioning of the spacer member 11 and the resin film 12 made of polycarbonate is performed so that the convex portions correspond to the flow path partitions 16 of the spacer, and the cartridge 1 is formed by sticking by a known method such as adhesion. In this case, compared with the method in which the resin film 12 is processed into a convex shape after the resin film 12 is attached to the spacer member 11, there is no burden on the joint portion between the spacer member 11 and the resin film 12. It is easy to avoid occurrence.
[0043]
In the above description, both the resin film and the spacer member are made of polycarbonate, but the material is not limited to this. Resins such as acrylic, ABS, polystyrene, polyacetal, polyethylene, and vinyl chloride can also be used. These materials have a high rigidity when formed into a film and generate a bending stress due to elastic deformation at the operating temperature of the heater, similarly to polycarbonate, so that the same effect can be obtained.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
In the heater according to the present invention, the film in the channel portion of the cartridge has a convex shape, and when the cartridge is attached to the heater, the convex shape is elastically deformed to generate a contact pressure. Can improve heat conduction.
As a result, it becomes possible to develop a heater that is smaller than the conventional one and exhibits the same performance as the conventional one, or a heater that is the same size as the conventional one and that can cope with the use condition where the flow rate is larger than the conventional one. .
Further, the heater according to the present invention can achieve high heat transfer efficiency even in an inexpensive system that does not use a pressure pump.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view (a), a top view (b), a side view (c), and a partial cross-sectional view (d) of a flow path portion of a heater cartridge according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a flow path section of the heater cartridge according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the heater cartridge and the temperature control plate according to the present invention are combined.
FIG. 4 is a detailed view showing a contact state between the heater cartridge and the temperature control plate according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a device connection order when blood and the like are heated and transfused.
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a cartridge type heating container.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a state where a heater cartridge of a conventional structure and a temperature control plate are combined.
FIG. 8 is a detailed view showing a contact state between a heater cartridge of a conventional structure and a temperature control plate.
FIG. 9 is an external view of a state where a heater and a cartridge according to the present invention are combined.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heater cartridge 2 Heater main body 3 Case body 4 Lid 11 Spacer member 12 Resin film 13 Flow path part 14 Inflow side connection part 15 Outflow side connection part 16 Flow path partition 17 Hook part 18 Through hole 21 Temperature control plate 22 Guide pin 23 Plunger 24 Clamp 25 Lever 121 Resin film surface 122 Joining part 123 Heat transfer surface 124 Tapered part 500 Air layer 600 Pole

Claims (4)

An inlet for flowing in a liquid such as blood, a resin film is joined to a surface of a frame-shaped spacer member having an outlet for flowing out a liquid, and a heater cartridge having a space for flowing the liquid therein,
The frame-shaped spacer member has a flow path partition constituting a flow path of the fluid,
A cartridge for a heater, wherein the resin film has a shape protruding outward in the cartridge in a convex shape at a flow path portion between the flow path partitions. The cartridge for a heater according to claim 1, wherein the resin film is any one of polycarbonate, acrylic, ABS, polystyrene, polyacetal, polyethylene, and vinyl chloride. A heating device comprising a pair of temperature control portions each having a flat plate surface, and using the heating device cartridge according to claim 1. The method for manufacturing a cartridge for a heater according to claim 1, comprising the following steps.
A step of positioning a flat resin film with respect to the outer shape of the frame-shaped spacer member and affixing it by a method such as adhesion, heat welding, or vibration welding to form a cartridge.
Bringing the resin film into close contact with a mold having a concave depression corresponding to the flow path portion between the flow path partitions of the cartridge.
Heating the resin film to the softening temperature in a state in which the cartridge and the mold are combined, suctioning through the suction hole provided in the recess of the mold in that state, and forming the resin film into a convex shape by vacuum molding .

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