JP2004211550A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize a compressor by effectively restricting a lubricating oil quantity in the limited oil passage return length, and improving workability and maintenability of an oil return passage. <P>SOLUTION: An oil reserving chamber 44 and a scroll compression mechanism 14 supplied with lubricating oil are communicated by the oil return passage 54 arranged in a central part housing 12B. The oil return passage 54 is equipped with a multistage orifice 100 functioning as an oil flow rate control mechanism. In this multistage orifice 100, an orifice member 104 having an orifice hole 102 and packing 108 having a packing hole 106 are alternately and continuously arranged in a plurality in the oil return passage 54 of the lubricating oil, and are fixed by a retaining ring 110. At this time, the orifice hole 102 and the packing hole 108 are communicated, and a passage of the lubricating oil is formed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【００４０】
上記数式（１）において、油量Ｑを得るには、流路面積Ａを小さくするか、または、オリフィス部材の枚数Ｎを多くするかの方法がある。流路面積Ａを小さくすることは、加工上の限界があるので、オリフィス部材１０４の枚数Ｎが油量Ｑから決定される。
【００４１】
次に、上記の構成からなる本実施形態のスクロール型圧縮機１０の動作について説明する。
このスクロール型圧縮機１０は、図示しないモータを駆動させることによって、旋回スクロール部材２２が、固定スクロール部材２０に対して回転軸１８まわりに旋回運動を開始する。この結果、吸入口３８からハウジング１２内部に導入された冷媒ガスは、密閉空間Ｐ内で圧縮されて高圧の冷媒ガスとなる。このとき、スクロール型圧縮機構１４に供給された潤滑油が冷媒ガスに混入する。
【００４２】
この高圧の冷媒ガスは、吐出口３０から吐出室４２に導入され、冷媒ガス通気口４８を介して油分離機構４６に至る。ここで、冷媒ガスに混入した潤滑油を分離して、冷媒ガスを排出口４０から外部へと排出する。分離された潤滑油は、油通口５２を経て油溜室４４に貯留される。
【００４３】
このとき、油溜室４４内の潤滑油には、上記にて圧縮された冷媒ガスと同様に高圧力が作用している。よって、低圧側となるスクロール型圧縮機構１４との圧力差によって、潤滑油は油戻し通路５４内の流入孔１１０ａから多段オリフィス１００に導入される。そこで、各オリフィス孔１０２を通過することによって数式１に従って潤滑油流量が絞られて、スクロール型圧縮機構１４に供給される。
【００４４】
このスクロール型圧縮機１０によれば、油戻し通路５４内にオリフィス部材１０４とパッキン１０８とが交互に連設された多段オリフィス１００が配設されているので、圧縮された冷媒ガス圧力を低下させることなく潤滑油を効果的に絞って供給させることができる。
【００４５】
次に、本発明に係る第２の実施形態について、図３を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００４６】
第２の実施形態と上記第１の実施形態との異なる点は、油戻し通路１２０内の多段オリフィス１００の下流側に、キャピラリ１２２が設けられているとした点である。
すなわち、図３に示すように、スクロール型圧縮機１２５には、油戻し通路１２０に配設された多段オリフィス１００と、スクロール型圧縮機構１４とを連通させるキャピラリ１２２が配設されている。
【００４７】
上記の構成からなる本実施形態のスクロール型圧縮機１２５においては、多段オリフィス１００に流入した潤滑油は、キャピラリ１２２にてさらに潤滑油の流量が絞られる。
油量を調整された油は、流量制御機構の流出部として機能するこのキャピラリ１２２から流出する。
【００４８】
このスクロール型圧縮機１２５によれば、スクロール型圧縮機の小型化のために十分な油戻し通路長を確保できず、多段オリフィス内のオリフィス部材の挿入枚数が制限されて潤滑油流量を十分に絞れない場合であっても、キャピラリ１２２の圧力損失分によって潤滑油量を絞ることができる。
【００４９】
次に、本発明に係る第３の実施形態について、図４を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００５０】
第３の実施形態と上記第１の実施形態との異なる点は、第１の実施形態では、各オリフィス孔の孔軸が一致しているのに対し、第３の実施形態では、多段オリフィス１３０におけるオリフィス部材１３２に形成されたオリフィス孔１３４の孔軸が互いにずれて配設されている点である。
すなわち、図４に示すように、多段オリフィス１３０を備えるスクロール型圧縮機１３６では、オリフィス孔１３４とパッキン孔１０６とが連通されて形成される潤滑油の流路は、孔軸が一致した場合に形成される一直線状ではなく屈曲して形成される。
【００５１】
上記の構成からなる本実施形態のスクロール型圧縮機１３６において、オリフィス孔軸が一直線上に配設される場合よりも流路長が長く形成されるので、その分圧力損失が増加する。
【００５２】
このスクロール型圧縮機１３６によれば、流路が屈曲することによって流路長を長く確保することができ、潤滑油の流量の絞り量を大きくすることができる。
【００５３】
次に、本発明に係る第４の実施形態について、図５から図８を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００５４】
第４の実施形態と第１の実施形態との異なる点は、第１の実施形態では、１つのオリフィス部材にオリフィス孔は１つ形成されているのに対して、第４の実施形態における多段オリフィス１４０では、図５に示すように、複数のオリフィス孔を有する複数のオリフィス部材（１４４Ａ，１４４Ｂ，１４４Ｃ）と複数のパッキン孔を有する複数のパッキン（中央部パッキン１４６Ａ、端部パッキン１４６Ｂ，１４６Ｃ）とが、スクロール型圧縮機１４８の油戻し通路５４内に交互に連設されている点である。
【００５５】
すなわち、図６に示すように、オリフィス部材（１４４Ａ，１４４Ｂ，１４４Ｃ）には、３個のオリフィス孔１４２ａ，１４２ｂ，１４２ｃが設けられている。また、図７に示すように、中央部パッキン１４６Ａには、連設方向に互いに対向するオリフィス部材１４４Ａ，１４４Ｂ，１４４Ｃの各オリフィス孔１４２ａ，１４２ｂ，１４２ｃをそれぞれ連通させて連設方向流路１５０ａ，１５０ｂ，１５０ｃを形成する中央部パッキン孔１４６ａ，１４６ｂ，１４６ｃが設けられている。さらに、図８に示す端部パッキン１４６Ｂ，１４６Ｃには、端部パッキン孔１４６ｄと、一つの連設方向流路１５０ａの下流端（オリフィス部材１４４Ｃのオリフィス孔１４２ａ）と隣接する他の連設方向流路１５０ｂの上流端（オリフィス部材１４４Ｃのオリフィス孔１４２ｂ）とを連通させる折返し用パッキン孔１４６ｅとが設けられている。
【００５６】
この折返し用パッキン孔１４６ｅによって、連設方向流路１５０ａ，１５０ｂ，１５０ｃは一つの流路として連通連通し、これにより、多段オリフィス１４０内部において、流量制御対象媒体となる油が流れる内部流路が連設方向に対して２回折り返される構成が提供される。より詳細には、オリフィス部材１４４Ａ，１４４Ｃとパッキン孔１４６ｅとが流路折り返し部を形成する。
【００５７】
このように、内部流路を折り返す構造とすることにより、一のオリフィス部材が複数のオリフィスを形成することができるので、高圧側からの油供給であっても確実かつ細密に油の戻し量を設定することが可能となる。
【００５８】
次に、上記の構成からなる本実施形態のスクロール型圧縮機１４８における多段オリフィス１４０による油戻し方法について説明する。
流入孔１１０ａから流入した潤滑油は、端部パッキン１４６Ｂの端部パッキン孔１４６ｄを通って、この孔と孔軸を同一とするオリフィス孔１４２ａと中央部パッキン孔１４６ａとから形成される連設方向流路１５０ａを通過して、端部パッキン１４６Ｃの端部パッキン孔１４６ｄに至る。この間、潤滑油量は、３個のオリフィス孔１４２ａを通過するときに数式（１）に従って調整される。
【００５９】
続いて、潤滑油の流れが折返し用パッキン孔１４６ｅで折返されて、オリフィス孔１４２ｂとこの孔軸を同一とする中央部パッキン孔１４６ｂとからなる連設方向流路１５０ｂを逆方向に通過して、再び端部パッキン１４６Ｂに至る。この間も同様に、潤滑油量は、３個のオリフィス孔１４２ｂを通過することになって、数式（１）に従って潤滑油量が調整される。
【００６０】
さらに、潤滑油の流れが折返し用パッキン孔１４６ｅで折返されて、オリフィス孔１４２ｃとこの孔軸を同一とする中央部パッキン孔１４６ｃとからなる連設方向流路１５０ｃを逆方向に通過して、再び端部パッキン１４６Ｃに至る。この間も同様に、潤滑油量は、３個のオリフィス孔１４２ｃを通過することになって、数式（１）に従って潤滑油量が調整される。
【００６１】
このようにして、潤滑油量は、オリフィス孔を一つだけ有するオリフィス部材が連設された多段オリフィスに比べて、連設方向流路１５０ａ，１５０ｂ，１５０ｃからなる長さを有する流路によってΔＰの値が相対的に大きくなるので、大きな絞り量が得られる。
【００６２】
このスクロール型圧縮機１４８によれば、スクロール型圧縮機を小型化したことに起因してスクロール部分の幅が小さくなり、油戻し通路がその長さを十分に確保できない場合であっても、油戻し通路５４を流通する潤滑油量の絞り機能を向上させることができる。
【００６３】
なお、オリフィス部材１４４Ａ，１４４Ｂ，１４４Ｃ，中央部パッキン１４６Ａ及び端部パッキン１４６Ｂ，１４６Ｃの形状は上述に示す場合に限定されるものではなく、図９に示すオリフィス部材１４４Ｄ、図１０に示す中央部パッキン１４６Ｄ、図１１に示す端部パッキン１４６Ｅ，１４６Ｆの形状のものを使用しても、多段オリフィス１４０内部において折り返し流路を形成することができ、油量制御においては同等の作用・効果が得られる。
【００６４】
なお、図６、図７、図８に示したように縦長小判型のオリフィス１４４Ａ，１４４Ｂ，１４４Ｃおよびパッキン１４６Ａ，１４６Ｂ，１４６Ｃを用いた場合には、内部流路の折り返し部を形成する端部パッキン１４６Ｂ，１４６Ｃの上下方向のみ注意して取り付けるだけで、多段オリフィス１４０を簡易に形成できるという利点がある。
【００６５】
一方、図９、図１０、図１１に示したように円形のオリフィス１４４Ｄおよびパッキン１４６Ｄ，１４６Ｅ，１４６Ｆを用いた場合には、取付対象物の設置方向による影響をより少なくすることができるので、多段オリフィス１４０を容易に形成できるという利点がある。
【００６６】
以上説明したように、流入部となる流入孔１１０ａとキャピラリ１２２などを備える流出部とを連通する内部流路に複数のオリフィス孔を有するオリフィス部材を備える多段オリフィス１４０は、このオリフィス部材が上記内部流路に折り返し流路を形成する折り返し部の壁を構成し、この折り返し部とオリフィス孔とが連通する構成とされているので、限られた空間内で複数のオリフィスを設けることができ、ひいては、流量制御を微細に行うことを可能とする。
【００６７】
次に、本発明に係る第５の実施形態について、図１２を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００６８】
第５の実施形態と上記第４の実施形態との異なる点は、多段オリフィス１７０内部での折り返し流路を、第４の実施形態では連設方向、すなわち流入部から流出部へ向かう方向に沿って形成したのに対し、本実施形態では、連設方向に対して交差する方向に折り返した折り返し流路を形成したところにある。
【００６９】
より具体的には、第４の実施形態では１つのオリフィス部材に複数のオリフィス孔が設けられ、連接された複数のオリフィス部材の連設方向に孔軸を同じとするオリフィス孔を連設させて連設方向流路が形成されているのに対し、第５の実施形態では、多段オリフィス１７０のオリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃ，１７２Ｄに一つのオリフィス孔１４２を設け、中央部パッキン１７４に、４つの中央部パッキン孔１７６ａ，１７６ｂ，１７６ｃ，１７６ｄと、これらを連通させるパッキン内微細孔１７８ａ，１７８ｂ，１７８ｃとを設け、パッキン内で流路が折返されて折り返し流路が形成されるとともに、オリフィス機能を備えた点である。
【００７０】
すなわち、図１２に示すように、本実施形態は、中央部パッキン１７４が、上流側に対向して配設されたオリフィス孔１４２に連通する一つの中央部パッキン孔１７６ａから、下流側に隣接して配設された他のオリフィス孔１４２に連通する他の中央部パッキン孔１７６ｄまでを、中央部パッキン孔１７６ｂ，１７６ｃを介して連通させるパッキン内微細孔１７８ａ，１７８ｂ，１７８ｃとを備える。これらのオリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃ，１７２Ｄと中央部パッキン１７４とは、スクロール型圧縮機１８０の油戻し通路５４内に連設されている。
【００７１】
次に、上記の構成からなる本実施形態のスクロール型圧縮機１８０の多段オリフィス１７０による油戻し方法について説明する。
図１２（ａ）に示すオリフィス部材１７２Ａを通過した潤滑油が、図１２（ｂ）に示す一つ目の中央部パッキン１７４の中央部パッキン孔１７６ａに導入されると、パッキン内微細孔１７８ａを介して隣接する中央部パッキン孔１７６ｂに至る。続いてパッキン内微細孔１７８ｂ，１７８ｃを介して、それぞれ中央部パッキン孔１７６ｃ，１７６ｄに潤滑油が至って排出され、図１２（ｃ）に示す下流側のオリフィス部材１７２Ｂに至り、オリフィス孔１４２を貫通する。続いて図１２（ｄ）に示す中央部パッキン１７４内でも上述のように潤滑油がパッキン内を循環し、中央部パッキン孔１７６ｄから排出される。
【００７２】
上述の潤滑油が、図１２（ｅ）に示すオリフィス部材１７２Ｃに至ると同様の流れによって、図１２（ｆ）に示す中央部パッキン１７４内を循環し、図１２（ｇ）に示すオリフィス部材１７２Ｄのオリフィス孔１４２を貫通して排出される。
【００７３】
このスクロール型圧縮機１８０によれば、オリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃ，１７２Ｄが備えるオリフィス孔１４２と当該オリフィス孔１４２が開口する空間となる中央部パッキン１７４が備えるパッキン孔１７６ａとにより形成されるオリフィス機構に加え、オリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃ，１７２Ｄの壁面（表面）が中央部パッキン１７４を挟持することにより形成されるパッキン内微細孔１７６ａ，１７６ｂ，１７６ｃと当該微細孔１７８ａ，１７８ｂ，１７８ｃが開口する空間となるパッキン孔１７６ｂ，１７６ｃ，１７６ｄとにより形成されるオリフィス機構を備える構成が実現される。
【００７４】
そして、本実施形態では略直交するようになるが、連設方向に交差するように多段オリフィス１７０内部に折り返し流路を形成するべく、パッキン内微細孔１７８ａ，１７８ｂ，１７８ｃもオリフィスとしての機能を有することになるので、油戻し通路５４の長さを変えなくても流通する流量の絞り機能を向上させることができる。具体的には、オリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃ，１７２Ｄに中央部パッキン１７４が挟持されて形成されるパッキン孔１７６ｂ，１７６ｃとパッキン内微細孔１７８ｂが流路折り返し部として機能する。
【００７５】
次に、本発明に係る第６の実施形態について、図１３及び図１４を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００７６】
第６の実施形態と上述の第５の実施形態との異なる点は、第５の実施形態では、中央部パッキンにパッキン内微細孔を設けてパッキンにオリフィス機能を付加しているのに対して、第６の実施形態の多段オリフィス１８２では、図１３に示すように油戻し通路５４内に配設された中央部パッキン１８４Ａ，１８４Ｂが、図１４に示すようにパッキン孔１８６ａ，１８６ｂを直接連通させるパッキン内毛細管１８７を備え、流路折り返し部を形成するとともにパッキンにキャピラリ機能を付加している点である。
【００７７】
ここで、中央部パッキン孔１８６ａは、上流側に隣接して配設されているオリフィス孔１４２に連通するよう配設され、中央部パッキン孔１８６ｂは、下流側に隣接して配設されている他のオリフィス孔１４２に連通するように配設されている。これらオリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃと中央部パッキン１８４Ａ，１８４Ｂとともに、１つの端部パッキン孔１８９ａを有する端部パッキン１８９Ａ，１８９Ｂが多段オリフィス１８２の両端部に配設されている。
【００７８】
上記の構成からなるスクロール型圧縮機１８８の多段オリフィス１８２における油戻し方法について説明する。
潤滑油が図１４（ａ）に示すオリフィス部材１７２Ａのオリフィス孔１４２から図１４（ｂ）に示す中央部パッキン１８４Ａの中央部パッキン孔１８６ａに流れると、パッキン内毛細管路１８７を流通して他の中央部パッキン孔１８６ｂに至って排出される。その後、図１４（ｃ）に示す下流側の他のオリフィス部材１７２Ｂに至りオリフィス孔１４２を貫通する。同様に図１４（ｄ）に示す中央部パッキン１８４Ｂ、図１４（ｅ）に示すオリフィス部材１７２Ｃを流通する
【００７９】
このスクロール型圧縮機１８８によれば、パッキン内毛細管路１８７もオリフィスとしての機能を有することになるので、油戻し通路５４の長さを変えなくても流通する流量の絞り機能を向上させることができる。
【００８０】
次に、本発明に係る第７の実施形態について、図１５を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００８１】
第７の実施形態と上記第６の実施形態との異なる点は、スクロール型圧縮機１９０に具備される多段オリフィス１９２は、図１５（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示すように、外周部に位置決め用の凸部（部材側凸部）１９４ａ，１９６ａがそれぞれ形成されたオリフィス部材１９４と、パッキン１９６とを備えている点である。
また、油戻し通路１９８の内周部には、凸部１９４ａ，１９６ａとそれぞれ係合する位置決め用の凹部（孔側凹部）１９８ａが形成されている。
【００８２】
上記の構成からなるスクロール型圧縮機１９０は、油戻し通路１９８内での組立て時に、オリフィス部材１９４とパッキン１９６との凸部１９４ａ，１９６ａとを、油戻し通路１９８の凹部１９８ａにそれぞれ係合させることによって組み立てられる。
【００８３】
このスクロール型圧縮機１９０によれば、オリフィス部材やパッキンの組立時に特別な道具を使用することなく、容易に油戻し通路内に位置決めして配設することができるので、組立作業性が向上する。
【００８４】
なお、上記実施の形態では、オリフィス部材やパッキン側に位置決め用の凸部が設けられているが、オリフィス部材やパッキン側が凹部であって、油戻し通路側が凸部であっても、上記と同様の作用・効果を得ることができる。
【００８５】
次に、本発明に係る第８の実施形態について、図１６を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００８６】
第８の実施形態と上記第６の実施形態との異なる点は、スクロール型圧縮機２００に具備される多段オリフィス２０２は、オリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃの上流側の流路内に配設されオリフィス孔１４２の径よりも小さい網目から構成されているフィルタ（メッシュ部材）２０４を備えていることである。
【００８７】
上記の構成からなるスクロール型圧縮機２００においては、潤滑油内に異物等が混入していても網目でせき止められるので、下流側に異物が流がれず、オリフィス孔１４２が異物によって塞がれることを抑制することができる。
【００８８】
このスクロール型圧縮機２００によれば、潤滑油が必要とされる部分に、安定した潤滑油量とともに異物が抑えられた潤滑油を提供することができる。
【００８９】
次に、本発明に係る第９の実施形態について、図１７を参照して説明する。
なお、以下の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
【００９０】
第９の実施形態と上記第６の実施形態との異なる点は、第６の実施形態では単に油戻し通路５４内にオリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃと中央部パッキン１８４Ａ，１８４Ｂ及び端部パッキン１８９Ａ，１８９Ｂが挿入されているのに対し、第９の実施形態の多段オリフィス２１２が、内部が貫通されたプラグ部材２１４内に、オリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃと中央部パッキン１８４Ａ，１８４Ｂ及び端部パッキン１８９Ａ，１８９Ｂとが交互に連設されて構成され、油戻し通路２１６内にねじ止めされている点である。
すなわち、本実施形態のプラグ部材２１４には、外周面に雄ねじ部（着脱機構）２１８が形成され、油戻し通路２１６内面には、雄ねじ部２１８と螺合される雌ねじ部（着脱機構）２２０が形成されている。
【００９１】
上記の構成からなるスクロール型圧縮機２１０において、あらかじめプラグ部材２１４内に複数個のオリフィス部材１７２Ａ，１７２Ｂ，１７２Ｃと中央部パッキン１８４Ａ，１８４Ｂ，及び端部パッキン１８９Ａ，１８９Ｂとが配設された後、油戻し通路２１６内の雌ねじ部２１８と雄ねじ部２２０とを螺着させて組み立てられる。すなわち、プラグ部材２１４の雄ねじ部２１８と油戻し通路２１６の雌ねじ部２２０とは、着脱機構として機能する。
【００９２】
このスクロール型圧縮機２１０によれば、多段オリフィス２１２がスクロール型圧縮機２１０とは別に組み立てられるので、取扱性や組立性が向上するとともに、取外し可能となるためメンテナンス性も向上する。
【００９３】
なお、本発明を適用する圧縮機としては、スクロール型圧縮機に限られず、ロータリ型、スクリュー型、遠心型などの圧縮機であっても本発明は好適に機能するものである。
【００９４】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した本発明の圧縮機においては、以下の効果を奏する。
本発明は、複数のオリフィスを備える流量制御機構の内部流路を折り返す構成としたので、流量制御機構を設けるためのスペースが少なくても好適に流量制御のためのオリフィス数を確保できるコンパクトな圧縮機を提供できる。
また、油戻し通路内にオリフィス部材とパッキンとが交互に連設されているので、圧縮機の加工性とメンテナンス性が向上し、冷凍装置や空調装置等を構成する冷凍機の冷凍効率の向上を図ることができる。また、圧縮機を小型化できるので取扱性が向上する。
【００９５】
また、本発明は、パッキンに折返し用パッキン孔を備え、複数の連設方向流路が折返されて一つの流路として連通されている。さらに、本発明は、パッキンにパッキン孔と、パッキン内微細孔又はパッキン孔毛細管路とが設けられているので、より長い流路長を確保でき、圧力損失量を増加させることができる。
【００９６】
したがって、これらの本発明によれば、油流量制御機構を小型化でき、流路長さ寸法の制約を受ける部位にも取付できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第1の実施形態における圧縮機を示す断面図である。
【図２】本発明の第１の実施形態における圧縮機の多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【図３】本発明の第２の実施形態における圧縮機を示す断面図である。
【図４】本発明の第３の実施形態における多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【図５】本発明の第４の実施形態における多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【図６】本発明の第４の実施形態における多段オリフィスのオリフィス部材を示す平面図である。
【図７】本発明の第４の実施形態における多段オリフィスの中央部パッキンを示す平面図である。
【図８】本発明の第４の実施形態における多段オリフィスの端部パッキンを示す平面図である。
【図９】本発明の第４の実施形態におけるオリフィス部材の他の例を示す平面図である。
【図１０】本発明の第４の実施形態における中央部パッキンの他の例を示す平面図である。
【図１１】本発明の第４の実施形態における端部パッキンの他の例を示す平面図である。
【図１２】本発明の第５の実施形態における多段オリフィスのオリフィス部材とパッキンとを上流側から連設順に示す平面図である。
【図１３】本発明の第６の実施形態における圧縮機の多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【図１４】本発明の第６の実施形態における多段オリフィスのオリフィス部材とパッキンとを上流側から連設順に示す平面図である。
【図１５】本発明の第７の実施形態において油戻し通路内に取付状態の多段オリフィスにおけるオリフィス部材とパッキンを示す軸方向に直交した方向の断面図である。
【図１６】本発明の第８の実施形態の多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【図１７】本発明の第９の実施形態の多段オリフィスを示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１０、１２５、１３６、１４８、１８０、１８８、１９０、２００、２１０ 圧縮機
１２ ハウジング
１２Ａ 前側ハウジング（ハウジング）
１２Ｂ 中央部ハウジング（ハウジング）
１２Ｃ 後側ハウジング（ハウジング）
１４ 圧縮機構
４４ 油溜室
４６ 油分離機構
５４、１２０、１９８、２１６ 油戻し通路
１００、１３０、１４０、１７０、１８２、１９２、２０２、２１２ 多段オリフィス（油流量制御機構）
１０２、１３４、１４２ａ、１４２ｂ、１４２ｃ、１７２ オリフィス孔
１０４、１３２、１４４Ａ、１４４Ｂ、１４４Ｃ、１４４Ｄ、１７２Ａ、１７２Ｂ、１７２Ｃ、１７２Ｄ、１９４ オリフィス部材
１０６ パッキン孔
１０８、１９６ パッキン
１２２ キャピラリ
１４６Ａ、１４６Ｄ、１７４、１８４Ａ、１８４Ｂ 中央部パッキン（パッキン）
１４６Ｂ、１４６Ｃ、１４６Ｅ、１４６Ｆ 端部パッキン（パッキン）
１４６ａ、１４６ｂ、１４６ｃ、１７６ａ、１７６ｂ、１７６ｃ、１７６ｄ、１８６ａ、１８６ｂ 中央部パッキン孔（パッキン孔）
１４６ｄ 端部パッキン孔（パッキン孔）
１４６ｅ 折返し用パッキン孔（パッキン孔）
１５０ａ、１５０ｂ、１５０ｃ 連設方向流路
１７８ａ、１７８ｂ、１７８ｃ パッキン内微細孔
１８７ パッキン内毛細管路
１９４ａ、１９６ａ 凸部（部材側凸部）
１９８ａ 凹部（孔側凹部）
２０４ フィルタ（メッシュ部材）
２１４ プラグ部材
２１８ 雄ねじ部（着脱機構）
２２０ 雌ねじ部（着脱機構）[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a compressor for compressing a refrigerant gas or the like in a refrigerator or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In a refrigerator constituting a refrigerating device, an air conditioner, or the like, for example, a scroll compressor is provided as one of compressors for compressing refrigerant gas.
[0003]
The scroll-type compressor includes a scroll-type compression mechanism in a housing. The scroll-type compression mechanism includes a fixed scroll member and an orbiting scroll member.
The orbiting scroll member is connected to a drive source such as a motor and orbits with respect to the fixed scroll member, thereby compressing the refrigerant gas introduced therein.
Such a scroll compressor requires lubricating oil for lubrication and cooling inside the scroll compression mechanism.
[0004]
This conventional scroll type compressor is provided with an oil reservoir for storing lubricating oil, and an oil return passage for supplying lubricating oil to the above-mentioned scroll type compression mechanism is formed in the housing.
[0005]
At this time, in order to prevent the high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed into the scroll-type compression mechanism from leaking from the oil return passage, and to suppress the amount of lubricating oil mixed into the refrigerant gas, the oil return passage is long. The passage width is formed narrow (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-082335 (FIGS. 1 and 2)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional compressor, since the oil return passage is provided in the housing, in order to reduce the lubricating oil flow rate, it is necessary to enlarge the housing to increase the passage length, or to narrow the passage width to precisely reduce the passage width. It was necessary to perform a special processing.
Also, by reducing the width of the passage, there is a possibility that foreign matter mixed in the lubricating oil may block the oil return passage.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and effectively reduces the amount of lubricating oil in a limited oil return passage length, improves workability and maintainability of the oil return passage, and reduces the size of the compressor. The purpose is to achieve the conversion.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The first aspect of the present invention provides an oil separating mechanism provided on a refrigerant gas discharge side of a compression mechanism in a housing to separate lubricating oil from refrigerant gas, an oil reservoir for storing the separated lubricating oil, and an oil reservoir. An oil return passage for returning lubricating oil from the storage chamber to the refrigerant gas suction side of the compression mechanism, wherein the oil return passage includes an oil flow control mechanism for controlling a flow rate of the flowing lubricating oil. The oil flow control mechanism includes an orifice member having an orifice hole, and a plurality of packings having a packing hole, which are alternately connected to each other, and the orifice hole and the packing hole communicate with each other to form a lubricating oil flow path. A multi-stage orifice.
[0010]
In this compressor, a multi-stage orifice in which an orifice member and a packing are alternately arranged in an oil return passage is arranged, so that the lubricating oil flows from the lubricating oil reservoir to the refrigerant gas suction side of the compression mechanism. It is supplied after being throttled by a multistage orifice having a plurality of orifice holes. Thus, the lubricating oil can be effectively squeezed and supplied without lowering the compressed refrigerant gas pressure.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the compressor according to the first aspect, the oil flow control mechanism is configured such that the multi-stage orifice and the capillary are connected to each other in the oil return passage direction. I do.
[0012]
In this compressor, since the multistage orifice and the capillary are disposed in the oil return passage, even when the multistage orifice alone is not sufficient for the throttle, the amount of the lubricating oil can be further reduced by the effect of the capillary. Even when the number of orifice members of the multistage orifice is limited, the amount of lubricating oil can be similarly reduced by the effect of the capillary.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the compressor according to the first or second aspect, at least one of the plurality of orifice holes is arranged such that at least one of the hole axes of each of the orifice holes is shifted from another hole axis. It is characterized by being provided.
[0014]
In this compressor, since at least one of the hole axes of the orifice holes provided in the multi-stage orifice is displaced from the other hole axes, the flow path can be bent to secure a long flow path length, The throttle amount of the flow rate can be increased.
[0015]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the compressor according to any one of the first to second aspects, the multistage orifice has a plurality of orifice holes formed in the orifice member, and a plurality of orifice holes are provided between the plurality of orifice members. The packing is provided with a plurality of the packing holes that communicate with the orifice holes facing each other in the connecting direction to form a plurality of connecting direction flow paths, and is provided at both ends of the plurality of orifice members. The packing is provided with a folded packing hole for communicating a downstream end of one of the connecting direction flow paths with an upstream end of the other of the connecting direction flow paths, and a plurality of the connecting direction flow paths. Are connected as one flow path.
[0016]
In this compressor, since a plurality of connecting direction flow paths are folded back to the multi-stage orifice and communicated as one flow path, a longer fluid flow path length can be secured through a larger number of orifice holes, and the pressure can be increased. The amount of loss can be increased.
[0017]
The invention according to claim 5 is the compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multi-stage orifice has a plurality of the packing holes formed in the packing and communicates with the orifice hole on the upstream side. A micro hole in the packing or a packing hole capillary path for directly connecting one packing hole with the other packing hole communicating with the orifice hole on the downstream side directly or through another different packing hole. It is characterized by.
[0018]
In this compressor, the packing of the multi-stage orifice is provided with a packing hole and a fine hole in the packing or a capillary hole in the packing, so that the packing itself can secure a longer fluid flow path length and increase the pressure loss amount. Can be done.
[0019]
The invention according to claim 6 is the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the multi-stage orifice has the orifice member and the packing each having a positioning member-side recess in an outer peripheral portion. Alternatively, a member-side convex portion is formed, and a hole-side convex portion or a hole-side concave portion that engages with the member-side concave portion or the member-side convex portion is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the through-hole of the mounting object. It is characterized by.
[0020]
In this compressor, a concave portion or a convex portion is formed in the orifice member and the packing of the multi-stage orifice, and a convex portion or a concave portion engaging with the concave portion or the convex portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the oil return passage. The engagement facilitates positioning of the orifice member and the packing during assembly.
[0021]
The invention according to claim 7 is the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the multi-stage orifice has a flow path for the fluid located upstream of at least one orifice member. And a mesh member having a mesh smaller than the diameter of the orifice hole.
[0022]
In the multi-stage orifice of this compressor, a mesh member having a mesh smaller than the diameter of the orifice hole is disposed on the upstream side of the orifice member. Clogging of the holes with foreign matter is suppressed.
[0023]
The invention according to claim 8 is the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the multi-stage orifice is configured by connecting the orifice member and the packing to an internal through-hole. It is characterized by comprising a plug member and an attaching / detaching mechanism for attaching / detaching the plug member to / from the oil return passage.
[0024]
This compressor is provided with a plug member in the multistage orifice and a detachable mechanism for attaching and detaching the plug member to and from the oil return passage, so that it can be easily removed or removed when the flow control amount changes or when maintenance is performed. Replacement becomes possible.
[0025]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the compressor according to the eighth aspect, the multi-stage orifice is configured such that the attachment / detachment mechanism includes a male screw portion formed on an outer peripheral surface of the plug member, and an inner surface of the oil return passage. And a female screw part to be screwed with the male screw part.
[0026]
In this compressor, a male thread is formed on the plug member surface of the multi-stage orifice, and a female thread is formed on the inner surface of the oil return passage, so that the orifice member and the packing are easily attached to and detached from the compressor by the screw system after assembly. Can be done.
[0027]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an oil separating mechanism provided on a refrigerant gas discharge side of a compression mechanism in a housing for separating lubricating oil from refrigerant gas, an oil reservoir for storing the separated lubricating oil, and an oil reservoir. An oil return passage for returning lubricating oil from the storage chamber to the refrigerant gas suction side of the compression mechanism, wherein the oil flow control mechanism includes an orifice member having a plurality of orifice holes; Constitutes a wall of a folded portion that forms a folded flow passage in the internal flow passage of the oil flow control mechanism, and the folded portion and the orifice hole communicate with each other.
[0028]
In this compressor, a plurality of orifices can be provided in a limited space by making a folded portion forming a folded flow passage of the internal flow passage and the orifice hole communicate with each other. It is possible to provide a compact flow rate control mechanism that enables fine control.
[0029]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show a first embodiment as an example of a compressor according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a compressor 10 includes a cylindrical housing 12 and a compression mechanism 14 provided inside the housing 12.
[0030]
The scroll-type compression mechanism 14 includes a fixed scroll member 20 that supports the rotation shaft 18 via the bearing 16, and an orbiting scroll member 22 disposed on the rotation shaft 18.
[0031]
The fixed scroll member 20 includes a fixed-side end plate 24, a spiral fixed-side spiral body 26 erected on the inner surface of the fixed-side end plate 24, and a cylindrical shape formed on a peripheral portion of the fixed-side end plate 24. And the peripheral wall portion 28 of FIG. A discharge port 30 for discharging the refrigerant gas is provided at the center of the fixed side end plate 24.
[0032]
The orbiting scroll member 22 is provided upright on an inner surface of the orbiting side end plate 32, which is disposed to face the fixed side end plate 24, and is engaged with the fixed side spiral body 26. And a spiral side spiral body 34 having a spiral shape.
[0033]
In a state where the fixed scroll member 20 and the orbiting scroll member 22 are eccentric by a predetermined distance from each other, the fixed scroll member 26 and the orbiting scroll member 34 have a 180-degree angle such that the side surfaces of the fixed scroll member 26 and the orbiting scroll member 34 are in line contact with each other at a plurality of locations. They are engaged with a phase difference. The refrigerant is compressed in the closed space P formed by the meshing.
Lubricating oil is supplied to reduce the friction of these line contact portions and the like and to cool them.
[0034]
The housing 12 includes a front housing 12A that houses the orbiting scroll member 22, a central housing 12B that includes the fixed scroll member 20, and a rear housing 12C that discharges refrigerant gas. The central housing 12B is provided with a suction port 38 for introducing the refrigerant gas to be compressed into the scroll-type compression mechanism 14, and the rear housing 12C is provided with a discharge port 40 for guiding the compressed high-pressure refrigerant gas to the outside. ing.
[0035]
On the contact surface between the central housing 12B and the rear housing 12C, a discharge chamber 42 in which the refrigerant gas discharged from the scroll-type compression mechanism 14 stays, and an oil reservoir 44 for storing lubricating oil are formed. You.
[0036]
Further, the rear housing 12C is provided with an oil separating mechanism 46 for centrifugally separating the lubricating oil supplied to the scroll-type compression mechanism 14 and mixed in the refrigerant gas from the refrigerant gas.
The discharge chamber 42 and the oil separation mechanism 46 are communicated with each other through a refrigerant gas vent 48, and the oil separation mechanism 46 and the oil reservoir 44 are communicated with each other through an oil communication port 52.
The oil reservoir 44 and the scroll-type compression mechanism 14 to which lubricating oil is supplied are communicated by an oil return passage 54 provided in the central housing 12B.
[0037]
The oil return passage 54 is provided with a multistage orifice 100 functioning as an oil flow control mechanism.
As shown in FIG. 2, the multi-stage orifice 100 includes an orifice member 104 having an orifice hole 102 and a plurality of packings 108 having a packing hole 106 which are connected to each other in an oil return passage 54 for lubricating oil. It is fixed by 110. The retaining ring 110 has an inflow hole 110a. At this time, the orifice hole 102 and the packing hole 108 communicate with each other to form a lubricating oil flow path.
[0038]
In setting an appropriate lubricating oil return supply amount, the flow path area and the number of the orifice holes 102 of the orifice member 104 are determined from lubricating oil supply conditions (discharge pressure, discharge flow rate, etc.).
The flow rate at this time can be described by the following equation (1). In the equation (1), Q is the flow rate of the lubricating oil, α is the flow coefficient, A is the flow area of the orifice hole 102, ΔP is the pressure loss generated when passing through the orifice member 104, and ρ is the lubricating oil flow rate. The density, N, is the number of orifice members 104.
[0039]
(Equation 1)

[0040]
In the above formula (1), to obtain the oil amount Q, there is a method of reducing the flow path area A or increasing the number N of the orifice members. Since reducing the flow path area A has a processing limit, the number N of the orifice members 104 is determined from the oil amount Q.
[0041]
Next, the operation of the scroll compressor 10 according to the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described.
In the scroll compressor 10, the orbiting scroll member 22 starts the orbiting motion about the rotation axis 18 with respect to the fixed scroll member 20 by driving a motor (not shown). As a result, the refrigerant gas introduced into the housing 12 from the suction port 38 is compressed in the closed space P to become a high-pressure refrigerant gas. At this time, the lubricating oil supplied to the scroll-type compression mechanism 14 mixes with the refrigerant gas.
[0042]
The high-pressure refrigerant gas is introduced from the discharge port 30 into the discharge chamber 42, and reaches the oil separation mechanism 46 via the refrigerant gas vent 48. Here, the lubricating oil mixed into the refrigerant gas is separated, and the refrigerant gas is discharged from the outlet 40 to the outside. The separated lubricating oil is stored in the oil reservoir 44 through the oil passage 52.
[0043]
At this time, high pressure acts on the lubricating oil in the oil sump 44 in the same manner as the compressed refrigerant gas. Therefore, the lubricating oil is introduced into the multi-stage orifice 100 from the inflow hole 110 a in the oil return passage 54 due to the pressure difference between the scroll type compression mechanism 14 on the low pressure side. Therefore, the lubricating oil flow rate is reduced according to Equation 1 by passing through each orifice hole 102 and supplied to the scroll-type compression mechanism 14.
[0044]
According to the scroll compressor 10, since the multistage orifice 100 in which the orifice members 104 and the packings 108 are alternately provided in the oil return passage 54 is arranged, the pressure of the compressed refrigerant gas is reduced. The lubricating oil can be effectively squeezed and supplied without the need.
[0045]
Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0046]
The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a capillary 122 is provided downstream of the multistage orifice 100 in the oil return passage 120.
That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the scroll compressor 125 is provided with a multistage orifice 100 provided in the oil return passage 120 and a capillary 122 for communicating with the scroll compression mechanism 14.
[0047]
In the scroll compressor 125 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the lubricating oil flowing into the multi-stage orifice 100 is further reduced in the flow rate of the lubricating oil by the capillary 122.
The oil whose oil amount has been adjusted flows out from the capillary 122 functioning as an outflow portion of the flow control mechanism.
[0048]
According to the scroll compressor 125, a sufficient oil return passage length cannot be ensured for downsizing the scroll compressor, and the number of orifice members inserted in the multistage orifice is limited, so that the lubricating oil flow rate can be sufficiently increased. Even when the throttle cannot be throttled, the lubricating oil amount can be throttled by the pressure loss of the capillary 122.
[0049]
Next, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0050]
The difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the hole axes of the orifice holes coincide with each other, whereas in the third embodiment, the multistage orifice 130 Is that the orifice holes 134 formed in the orifice member 132 in FIG.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, in the scroll compressor 136 having the multi-stage orifice 130, the lubricating oil flow path formed by the communication between the orifice hole 134 and the packing hole 106 is formed when the hole axes coincide with each other. It is formed not in a straight line but in a bent shape.
[0051]
In the scroll compressor 136 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the flow path length is formed longer than when the orifice hole axis is arranged in a straight line, so that the pressure loss increases accordingly.
[0052]
According to the scroll compressor 136, a long flow path length can be ensured by bending the flow path, and the throttle amount of the lubricating oil flow rate can be increased.
[0053]
Next, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0054]
The difference between the fourth embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in the first embodiment, one orifice hole is formed in one orifice member, whereas in the fourth embodiment, the multi-stage in the fourth embodiment is different. In the orifice 140, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of orifice members (144A, 144B, 144C) having a plurality of orifice holes and a plurality of packings (central packing 146A, end packings 146B, 146C) having a plurality of packing holes. ) Are alternately connected in the oil return passage 54 of the scroll compressor 148.
[0055]
That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the orifice member (144A, 144B, 144C) is provided with three orifice holes 142a, 142b, 142c. As shown in FIG. 7, the orifice holes 142a, 142b and 142c of the orifice members 144A, 144B and 144C facing each other in the connecting direction are respectively connected to the central packing 146A so as to communicate with the connecting direction flow path 150a. , 150b, 150c are provided in the center packing holes 146a, 146b, 146c. Further, in the end packings 146B and 146C shown in FIG. 8, the end packing holes 146d and the other connecting direction adjacent to the downstream end of one connecting direction flow path 150a (the orifice hole 142a of the orifice member 144C). A folded packing hole 146e is provided for communicating with the upstream end of the flow path 150b (the orifice hole 142b of the orifice member 144C).
[0056]
By the folded packing hole 146e, the continuous direction flow paths 150a, 150b, and 150c are communicated as one flow path, whereby the internal flow path through which the oil as the flow control target medium flows inside the multistage orifice 140 is formed. A configuration is provided that is folded twice in the serial direction. More specifically, the orifice members 144A and 144C and the packing hole 146e form a channel turn-up portion.
[0057]
In this way, by employing a structure in which the internal flow path is folded back, one orifice member can form a plurality of orifices. It can be set.
[0058]
Next, an oil return method using the multi-stage orifice 140 in the scroll compressor 148 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.
The lubricating oil flowing from the inflow hole 110a passes through the end packing hole 146d of the end packing 146B, and is a continuous direction formed by the orifice hole 142a having the same hole axis as the hole and the central packing hole 146a. After passing through the flow path 150a, it reaches the end packing hole 146d of the end packing 146C. During this time, the amount of the lubricating oil is adjusted according to equation (1) when passing through the three orifice holes 142a.
[0059]
Subsequently, the flow of the lubricating oil is turned back at the turning-back packing hole 146e, and passes in the opposite direction through the continuous direction flow path 150b including the orifice hole 142b and the center packing hole 146b having the same hole axis. Again to the end packing 146B. During this time, similarly, the amount of the lubricating oil passes through the three orifice holes 142b, and the amount of the lubricating oil is adjusted according to the equation (1).
[0060]
Further, the flow of the lubricating oil is folded back at the folding packing hole 146e, and passes through the continuous direction flow path 150c including the orifice hole 142c and the central packing hole 146c having the same hole axis in the reverse direction, It reaches the end packing 146C again. During this time, the amount of the lubricating oil passes through the three orifice holes 142c, and the amount of the lubricating oil is adjusted according to the equation (1).
[0061]
In this manner, the amount of lubricating oil can be increased by ΔP due to the flow path having the length of the continuous flow paths 150a, 150b, and 150c, as compared with the multistage orifice in which the orifice member having only one orifice hole is continuously provided. Becomes relatively large, so that a large aperture amount can be obtained.
[0062]
According to the scroll compressor 148, even if the width of the scroll portion is reduced due to the downsizing of the scroll compressor and the oil return passage cannot have a sufficient length, oil can The function of restricting the amount of lubricating oil flowing through the return passage 54 can be improved.
[0063]
The shapes of the orifice members 144A, 144B, 144C, the center packing 146A and the end packings 146B, 146C are not limited to those described above. The orifice member 144D shown in FIG. 9 and the center part shown in FIG. Even if the packing 146D and the end packings 146E and 146F shown in FIG. 11 are used, the folded flow path can be formed inside the multistage orifice 140, and the same operation and effect can be obtained in controlling the oil amount. Can be
[0064]
As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, when the vertically long orifice orifices 144A, 144B, and 144C and the packings 146A, 146B, and 146C are used, the end portion that forms the folded portion of the internal flow path. There is an advantage that the multi-stage orifice 140 can be easily formed only by carefully attaching the packings 146B and 146C only in the vertical direction.
[0065]
On the other hand, when the circular orifice 144D and the packings 146D, 146E, 146F are used as shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11, the influence of the installation direction of the mounting object can be further reduced. There is an advantage that the multistage orifice 140 can be easily formed.
[0066]
As described above, the multi-stage orifice 140 having the orifice member having the plurality of orifice holes in the internal flow path communicating the inflow hole 110a serving as the inflow portion and the outflow portion provided with the capillary 122, etc. Since the wall of the folded portion that forms the folded flow passage is formed in the flow passage, and the folded portion and the orifice hole are configured to communicate with each other, a plurality of orifices can be provided within a limited space. In addition, it is possible to finely control the flow rate.
[0067]
Next, a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0068]
The difference between the fifth embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that, in the fourth embodiment, the turn-back flow path inside the multi-stage orifice 170 extends in the continuous direction, that is, in the direction from the inflow portion to the outflow portion. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the folded flow path is formed in a direction intersecting the continuous direction.
[0069]
More specifically, in the fourth embodiment, a plurality of orifice holes are provided in one orifice member, and orifice holes having the same hole axis are continuously provided in the direction in which the plurality of connected orifice members are continuously provided. In the fifth embodiment, one orifice hole 142 is provided in the orifice member 172A, 172B, 172C, 172D of the multi-stage orifice 170, while the central packing 174 is provided with four orifices. There are provided two central packing holes 176a, 176b, 176c, 176d and micro holes 178a, 178b, 178c in the packing for communicating these, and the flow path is folded in the packing to form a folded flow path, and the orifice is formed. The point is that it has functions.
[0070]
That is, as shown in FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, the central packing 174 is adjacent to the downstream from one central packing hole 176a communicating with the orifice hole 142 disposed facing the upstream. And packing fine holes 178a, 178b, 178c communicating with other central packing holes 176d communicating with other orifice holes 142 arranged through the central packing holes 176b, 176c. The orifice members 172A, 172B, 172C, 172D and the center packing 174 are provided continuously in the oil return passage 54 of the scroll compressor 180.
[0071]
Next, an oil return method using the multi-stage orifices 170 of the scroll compressor 180 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.
When the lubricating oil that has passed through the orifice member 172A shown in FIG. 12A is introduced into the central packing hole 176a of the first central packing 174 shown in FIG. To the adjacent central packing hole 176b. Subsequently, the lubricating oil is discharged to the central packing holes 176c and 176d through the fine holes 178b and 178c in the packing, respectively, reaches the downstream orifice member 172B shown in FIG. 12C, and penetrates the orifice hole 142. I do. Subsequently, the lubricating oil circulates through the packing in the center packing 174 shown in FIG. 12D as described above, and is discharged from the center packing hole 176d.
[0072]
The above-described lubricating oil circulates in the center packing 174 shown in FIG. 12F by the same flow as the one reaching the orifice member 172C shown in FIG. 12E, and the orifice member 172D shown in FIG. Is discharged through the orifice hole 142.
[0073]
According to the scroll compressor 180, the orifice formed by the orifice hole 142 provided in the orifice members 172A, 172B, 172C, and 172D and the packing hole 176a provided in the center packing 174 serving as a space where the orifice hole 142 opens. In addition to the mechanism, the orifice members 172A, 172B, 172C, 172D have packing internal fine holes 176a, 176b, 176c formed by sandwiching the central packing 174, and the fine holes 178a, 178b, 178c. A configuration having an orifice mechanism formed by the packing holes 176b, 176c, and 176d that are open spaces is realized.
[0074]
In the present embodiment, the micro holes 178a, 178b, and 178c in the packing also function as orifices in order to form a folded flow path inside the multi-stage orifice 170 so as to intersect in the continuous direction. Therefore, it is possible to improve the function of restricting the flow rate without changing the length of the oil return passage 54. Specifically, the packing holes 176b, 176c formed by sandwiching the center packing 174 between the orifice members 172A, 172B, 172C, 172D and the fine holes 178b in the packing function as a flow path turning portion.
[0075]
Next, a sixth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0076]
The difference between the sixth embodiment and the above-described fifth embodiment is that, in the fifth embodiment, an orifice function is added to the packing by providing a fine hole in the packing in the center packing and providing the packing with an orifice function. In the multi-stage orifice 182 of the sixth embodiment, the central packings 184A and 184B disposed in the oil return passage 54 directly communicate with the packing holes 186a and 186b as shown in FIG. This is characterized in that a packing inner capillary 187 is provided to form a flow path folded portion, and a capillary function is added to the packing.
[0077]
Here, the center packing hole 186a is provided so as to communicate with the orifice hole 142 provided adjacent to the upstream side, and the center packing hole 186b is provided adjacent to the downstream side. It is provided so as to communicate with another orifice hole 142. Along with these orifice members 172A, 172B, 172C and central packings 184A, 184B, end packings 189A, 189B having one end packing hole 189a are provided at both ends of the multi-stage orifice 182.
[0078]
A method of returning oil in the multi-stage orifice 182 of the scroll compressor 188 having the above configuration will be described.
When the lubricating oil flows from the orifice hole 142 of the orifice member 172A shown in FIG. 14A to the central packing hole 186a of the central packing 184A shown in FIG. It is discharged to the center packing hole 186b. After that, it reaches another orifice member 172B on the downstream side shown in FIG. 14C and penetrates the orifice hole 142. Similarly, a central packing 184B shown in FIG. 14D and an orifice member 172C shown in FIG.
[0079]
According to the scroll compressor 188, the capillary channel 187 in the packing also has a function as an orifice. Therefore, it is possible to improve the function of restricting the flow rate without changing the length of the oil return passage 54. it can.
[0080]
Next, a seventh embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0081]
The difference between the seventh embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that the multi-stage orifice 192 provided in the scroll compressor 190 is positioned on the outer peripheral portion as shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and (b). Orifice member 194 in which convex portions (member-side convex portions) 194 a and 196 a are formed, and a packing 196.
In addition, in the inner peripheral portion of the oil return passage 198, positioning concave portions (hole-side concave portions) 198a that engage with the convex portions 194a and 196a, respectively, are formed.
[0082]
In the scroll compressor 190 having the above-described configuration, the projections 194 a and 196 a of the orifice member 194 and the packing 196 are engaged with the recesses 198 a of the oil return passage 198 when assembled in the oil return passage 198. Assembled by
[0083]
According to the scroll compressor 190, the orifice member and the packing can be easily positioned and disposed in the oil return passage without using a special tool when assembling the orifice member and the packing, so that the assembling workability is improved. .
[0084]
In the above-described embodiment, the positioning convex portion is provided on the orifice member or the packing side. However, even if the orifice member or the packing side is a concave portion and the oil return passage side is a convex portion, the same as above. Function and effect can be obtained.
[0085]
Next, an eighth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0086]
The difference between the eighth embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that the multistage orifice 202 provided in the scroll compressor 200 is disposed in the flow path on the upstream side of the orifice members 172A, 172B, 172C. The filter (mesh member) 204 configured by a mesh smaller than the diameter of the orifice hole 142 is provided.
[0087]
In the scroll compressor 200 having the above configuration, even if foreign matter or the like is mixed in the lubricating oil, the foreign matter does not flow to the downstream side because the foreign matter or the like is blocked by the mesh, and the orifice hole 142 is blocked by the foreign matter. Can be suppressed.
[0088]
According to the scroll compressor 200, it is possible to provide a stable lubricating oil amount and a lubricating oil in which foreign matter is suppressed in a portion where lubricating oil is required.
[0089]
Next, a ninth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the following description, the same components as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0090]
The difference between the ninth embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that in the sixth embodiment, the orifice members 172A, 172B, 172C, the center packings 184A, 184B, and the end packings 189A are simply provided in the oil return passage 54. , 189B are inserted, while the orifice member 172A, 172B, 172C, the center packings 184A, 184B and the end portions of the multi-stage orifice 212 of the ninth embodiment are inserted into the plug member 214 penetrated therein. The difference is that the packings 189A and 189B are alternately connected to each other, and are screwed into the oil return passage 216.
That is, a male screw part (detachment mechanism) 218 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the plug member 214 of the present embodiment, and a female screw part (detachment mechanism) 220 screwed with the male screw part 218 is formed on the inner surface of the oil return passage 216. Is formed.
[0091]
In the scroll compressor 210 having the above configuration, after the plurality of orifice members 172A, 172B, 172C, the center packings 184A, 184B, and the end packings 189A, 189B are provided in the plug member 214 in advance. The female screw portion 218 and the male screw portion 220 in the oil return passage 216 are screwed and assembled. That is, the male screw portion 218 of the plug member 214 and the female screw portion 220 of the oil return passage 216 function as a detachable mechanism.
[0092]
According to the scroll compressor 210, the multi-stage orifice 212 is assembled separately from the scroll compressor 210, so that the handleability and the assemblability are improved.
[0093]
The compressor to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a scroll type compressor, and the present invention suitably functions even with a compressor of a rotary type, a screw type, a centrifugal type, or the like.
[0094]
【The invention's effect】
The compressor described above has the following advantages.
Since the present invention has a configuration in which the internal flow path of the flow control mechanism having a plurality of orifices is turned back, a compact compression that can appropriately secure the number of orifices for flow control even if the space for installing the flow control mechanism is small is preferable. Machine can be provided.
In addition, since the orifice member and the packing are alternately connected in the oil return passage, the workability and maintainability of the compressor are improved, and the refrigerating efficiency of the refrigerator constituting the refrigerating device or the air conditioner is improved. Can be achieved. Further, since the compressor can be downsized, the handling is improved.
[0095]
Further, according to the present invention, the packing is provided with a folded packing hole, and a plurality of continuous direction flow paths are turned up and communicated as one flow path. Further, in the present invention, since the packing is provided with the packing hole and the fine hole in the packing or the capillary hole of the packing hole, a longer flow path length can be secured, and the pressure loss can be increased.
[0096]
Therefore, according to the present invention, the oil flow control mechanism can be reduced in size, and can be attached to a portion subject to restrictions on the flow path length.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a multi-stage orifice of the compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a multi-stage orifice according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a multi-stage orifice according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an orifice member of a multistage orifice according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a center packing of a multi-stage orifice according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing end packings of a multistage orifice according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing another example of the orifice member according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing another example of the center packing in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another example of the end packing according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an orifice member and a packing of a multistage orifice in a fifth embodiment of the present invention in the order in which the orifice members and packing are connected in order from the upstream side.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a multi-stage orifice of a compressor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a plan view showing an orifice member and a packing of a multistage orifice in a sixth embodiment of the present invention in the order in which the orifice members and the packing are connected in order from the upstream side.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction showing an orifice member and packing in a multi-stage orifice mounted in an oil return passage according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing a multistage orifice according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a sectional view showing a multistage orifice according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 125, 136, 148, 180, 188, 190, 200, 210 Compressor
12 Housing
12A Front housing (housing)
12B Central housing (housing)
12C Rear housing (housing)
14 Compression mechanism
44 Oil reservoir
46 Oil separation mechanism
54, 120, 198, 216 Oil return passage
100, 130, 140, 170, 182, 192, 202, 212 Multistage orifice (oil flow control mechanism)
102, 134, 142a, 142b, 142c, 172 orifice holes
104, 132, 144A, 144B, 144C, 144D, 172A, 172B, 172C, 172D, 194 Orifice member
106 Packing hole
108, 196 packing
122 Capillary
146A, 146D, 174, 184A, 184B Central packing (packing)
146B, 146C, 146E, 146F End packing (packing)
146a, 146b, 146c, 176a, 176b, 176c, 176d, 186a, 186b Central packing hole (packing hole)
146d End packing hole (packing hole)
146e Folded packing hole (packing hole)
150a, 150b, 150c Continuous direction flow path
178a, 178b, 178c Micro hole in packing
187 Capillary inside packing
194a, 196a convex part (member side convex part)
198a recess (hole side recess)
204 Filter (mesh member)
214 plug member
218 Male thread (removal mechanism)
220 Female thread (Removable mechanism)

Claims (10)

An oil separating mechanism provided on the refrigerant gas discharge side of the compression mechanism in the housing to separate lubricating oil from the refrigerant gas, an oil reservoir for storing the separated lubricating oil, and a refrigerant gas suction of the compression mechanism from the oil reservoir An oil return passage for returning lubricating oil to the side,
In the oil return passage, there is provided an oil flow rate control mechanism for controlling a flow rate of the lubricating oil flowing therethrough,
In the oil flow control mechanism, an orifice member having an orifice hole and a packing having a packing hole are alternately provided in a plurality, and the orifice hole and the packing hole are communicated to form a lubricating oil flow path. A compressor having a multistage orifice. 2. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil flow control mechanism is configured such that the multi-stage orifice and the capillary are connected in the direction of the oil return passage. 3. 3. The multi-stage orifice according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the hole axes of the orifice holes of the plurality of orifice members is displaced from another hole axis. 4. Compressor. In the multistage orifice, a plurality of orifice holes are formed in the orifice member,
The packing provided between the plurality of orifice members has a plurality of the packing holes forming a plurality of continuous direction flow paths by communicating the orifice holes facing each other in the connecting direction,
The packing provided at both ends of the plurality of orifice members has a folded packing hole for communicating a downstream end of one of the connecting direction flow paths and an upstream end of the other of the connecting direction flow paths. 3. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the connecting direction flow paths are communicated as one flow path. In the multi-stage orifice, a plurality of the packing holes are formed in the packing,
One packing hole communicating with the orifice hole on the upstream side, and the other packing hole communicating with the orifice hole on the downstream side, or a fine hole in the packing communicating directly or through another different packing hole. The compressor according to claim 1, further comprising a packing hole capillary channel. In the multi-stage orifice, the orifice member and the packing are each formed with a positioning member-side concave portion or a member-side convex portion on an outer peripheral portion, and the oil return passage is formed on an inner peripheral surface with the member-side concave portion or member. The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a hole-side convex portion or a hole-side concave portion that engages with the side convex portion is formed. The multi-stage orifice is provided with a mesh member having a mesh smaller than a diameter of the orifice hole in a flow path of the fluid located upstream of at least one orifice member. 7. The compressor according to any one of 1 to 6. The multi-stage orifice includes a plug member configured by connecting the orifice member and the packing to an internal through hole,
The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an attachment / detachment mechanism for attaching / detaching the plug member to / from the oil return passage. The multi-stage orifice may be configured such that the attachment / detachment mechanism includes a male screw portion formed on an outer peripheral surface of the plug member, and a female screw portion formed on an inner surface of the oil return passage and screwed with the male screw portion. The compressor according to claim 8, wherein: An oil separating mechanism provided on the refrigerant gas discharge side of the compression mechanism in the housing to separate lubricating oil from the refrigerant gas, an oil reservoir for storing the separated lubricating oil, and a refrigerant gas suction of the compression mechanism from the oil reservoir An oil return passage for returning lubricating oil to the side,
In the oil return passage, there is provided an oil flow rate control mechanism for controlling a flow rate of the lubricating oil flowing therethrough,
The oil flow control mechanism includes an orifice member having a plurality of orifice holes,
The compressor, wherein the orifice member forms a wall of a folded portion that forms a folded flow passage in an internal flow passage of the oil flow control mechanism, and the folded portion and the orifice hole communicate with each other. .

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