JP2004208558A - Method for retaining freshness of vegetable - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for retaining freshness of vegetables having antifungal effect while preventing generation of side-effects of a chemical medicine of allyl isothiocyanate, long maintaining freshness of vegetables and fruits, and reducing percent defective. <P>SOLUTION: The method for retaining freshness of vegetables comprises preserving vegetables and fruits such as citrus fruits under the condition that the space concentration of the allyl isothiocyanate is 1 mg/L to 50 mg/L by making both of film and granules containing natural allyl isothiocyanate oil coexist. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a method for preserving the freshness of fruits and vegetables, which appropriately controls the concentration of allyl isothiocyanate (hereinafter referred to as AIT) to prevent the occurrence of phytotoxicity caused by a preparation containing a natural AIT oil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
AIT is known for its bactericidal, antifungal and insect repellent effects, and natural AIT oil, which is an extractable component of natural wasabi and mustard, is highly safe for the human body. Applications are drawing attention.
Since AIT is volatile, it is supported on ceramics such as zeolite or activated carbon, or impregnated with an inclusion compound such as dextrin to form granules, and is packed in plastic or paper packaging material. Also, preparations formed into tablets have been studied as fungicides for fruits and vegetables such as citrus fruits. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes an antibacterial food packaging material in which isothiocyanate is included in cyclodextrin. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 proposes a food shelf life improver in which activated carbon is supported with allyl isothiocyanate.
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-7-46973 [Patent Document 2] JP-A-11-151079
Furthermore, fruits and vegetables such as citrus fruits such as tangerines and lemons are usually mailed or stored in packaging materials such as cardboard, but recently, during this time, blue mold, black mold, water mold, etc. The number of molds is increasing, and the amount to be disposed of is increasing.
[0004]
For this reason, the use of a package-type freshness-preserving agent for the purpose of supplying high-concentration AIT as an antifungal agent for fruits and vegetables such as citrus fruits has been studied.
However, depending on the conditions of use of the AIT preparation, the surface of fruits and vegetables such as citrus fruits may be discolored or stained due to the effect of the AIT itself, resulting in reduced commercial value and increased defective rate. Was.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to provide a method for maintaining freshness of fruits and vegetables without causing phytotoxicity such as discoloration of the surface of fruits and vegetables such as citrus fruits due to the effect of the AIT itself and generation of stains. It is in.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a method for preventing the phytotoxicity of AIT preparations. As a result, by preserving fruits and vegetables by appropriately controlling the concentration of AIT, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of phytotoxicity and to prevent the fungicidal effect. The present invention was also found out, and the present invention was completed by finding that the defective rate could be reduced.
[0007]
That is, the present invention relates to a method for preserving fruits and vegetables by controlling the concentration of AIT to an atmosphere concentration of 1 mg / L to 50 mg / L.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0009]
In the present invention, the spatial concentration of AIT is important, and the spatial concentration of AIT is used in the range of 1 mg / L to 50 mg / L.
When the spatial concentration of AIT is less than 1 mg / L, the occurrence of phytotoxicity can be prevented but the antifungal effect is insufficient. At a concentration exceeding 50 mg / L, the antifungal effect is sufficient but the phytotoxicity occurs and the product has a pungent odor. The frequency of shifting to is also undesirably increased. A particularly preferred spatial concentration of AIT is 2.5 mg / L to 25 mg / L.
[0010]
In the present invention, the AIT preparation is made into an atmosphere having a concentration of 1 mg / L to 50 mg / L, so that a natural AIT oil is contained in a carrier at a concentration of 0.01 to 10 g / kg, a package containing granules, a tablet, Used as a film, sheet, emulsifier, ink or coating.
[0011]
As the AIT preparation of the present invention, a wasabi oil such as Japanese wasabi and horseradish and a natural AIT oil such as mustard oil are used. AIT preparations using natural oil as a raw material are preferable because they can exert their effects in a smaller amount than AIT preparations of chemically synthesized products. As the natural AIT oil, cultivated and collected wasabi and mustard are washed, pulverized, distilled, and volatile oil or extracted oil is used. As for wasabi, horseradish is more preferably used economically than Japanese wasabi because the yield can be secured.
[0012]
The natural AIT oil contains an isothiocyanate component such as β-phenethyl isothiocyanate, 4-pentenyl isothiocyanate, 3-butenyl isothiocyanate, and butyl isothiocyanate in addition to the main component AIT.
[0013]
The natural AIT oil of the present invention easily changes color from colorless to brown when contacted with oxygen or ultraviolet light in the air, and the discoloration is accelerated by heating, which may degrade the product quality of the natural AIT oil preparation. For this reason, the natural AIT oil and the natural AIT oil preparation of the present invention are preferably stored in a cool and dark place, and when stored in a container, they are sealed with a metal, glass, or the like, or gas permeable such as an aluminum vapor-deposited film. It is a preferable preservation method to seal the material with a small amount of material in order to secure the amount of components and prevent performance deterioration.
[0014]
In the present invention, as a package containing granules, natural AIT oil is impregnated into natural zeolite, synthetic zeolite, activated carbon, silica gel, wood powder, paper powder, etc., and filled in a sheet of paper, plastic, or the like, or in a bag of flume shape. It can be manufactured by encapsulation with a heat seal or the like.
[0015]
In the present invention, the preparation containing natural allyl isothiocyanate oil is used as a tablet, granule, film, sheet, emulsifier, ink or coating agent containing wasabi oil or mustard oil at a concentration of 0.01 to 10 g / kg. .
A natural AIT tablet can be produced by impregnating a predetermined amount of natural AIT oil with natural zeolite, synthetic zeolite, activated carbon, silica gel, wood powder or paper powder, and tableting.
[0016]
The natural AIT-containing preparation is stored together with the preserved fruits and vegetables in a container made of a plastic or a laminate having a plastic layer so that the spatial concentration of allyl isothiocyanate in the container is 1 mg / L to 50 mg / L. The container may be a perforated container as long as the allyl isothiocyanate spatial concentration can be maintained within a predetermined range. As the plastic, polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyamide, polyester and other resins can be used.
[0017]
In the present invention, as another form, a container using a sheet or film containing AIT may be used, and the fruit and vegetables may be stored in the container. The natural AIT-containing preparation used in this case is prepared by impregnating or coating natural AIT oil on plastic powder or granules such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and nylon to prepare a masterbatch in advance and kneading with these plastics. Then, by extruding to a predetermined thickness, a sheet or film containing AIT containing AIT at a concentration of 0.01 to 10 g / kg can be produced.
[0018]
The AIT-containing container can be formed by molding the AIT-containing plastic composition into a bag by inflation. Further, a sheet or film containing AIT may be formed by processing such as foaming, stretching, and shrinking by a normal molding technique.
The master batch may be colored by blending a desired pigment or dye, or may be directly extruded without going through the master batch.
[0019]
In addition, when processing at a relatively low temperature, such as by using a plastic having a low molecular weight and a low melting point, or by cooling a cylinder of a kneading / extruding section of a molding machine, the amount of transpiration of AIT is reduced. It is preferable because it can be reduced.
In addition, when a natural AIT oil is impregnated into a plastic powder or granules or coated to produce a master batch, the use of a natural AIT oil pre-impregnated with starch or diatomaceous earth reduces the amount of AIT transpiration. It is preferable because it is possible.
An example will be described below.
[0020]
【Example】
Example 1
100 kg of washed horseradish radish is ground, 75 g of steam-distilled horseradish boiler tile oil is blended with 10 kg of polyethylene pellets having a melting point of 105 ° C., and a master batch of polyethylene pellet containing 0.75 wt% of horseradish boiler oil is subjected to plastic engineering. It was produced by a laboratory-made extruder FP-130.
Next, the master batch was blended with polyethylene at 10% by weight, and a polyethylene film packaging bag having a thickness of 30 microns and a thickness of 500 mm × 1000 mm containing 0.075% by weight of horseradish boiler oil was produced by inflation.
Small holes having a diameter of 4 mm were provided in four places of the AIT-containing polyethylene bag, and 100 imported lemons from California, which were not coated with pesticides, were sealed with a rubber band, filled in a cardboard box, and stored in a cold storage at 10 ° C.
[0021]
Two weeks later, the bag was taken out of the refrigerator, and the surface of the lemon was visually observed. As a result, no discolored lemon was found on the surface.
The gas in the bag was collected with a syringe in a cold storage at 10 ° C., and the spatial concentration of AIT was measured using a gas chromatograph to be 13 mg / L.
[0022]
Comparative Example 1
Except that 500 g of horseradish volatile oil was used and a master batch of polyethylene containing 5% by weight of horseradish volatile oil was used, it was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the packaging bag provided with a small hole was used in Example 1. 100 pieces of imported lemons of the same lot were put in, sealed with a rubber band, filled in a cardboard box, and stored in a 10 ° C. cool box.
Two weeks later, the bag was taken out of the refrigerator, and the surface of the lemon was visually observed. As a result, many lemons whose entire surface turned brown were found.
The gas in the bag was collected with a syringe in a cold storage at 10 ° C., and the AIT spatial concentration was measured using a gas chromatograph. As a result, it was 97 mg / L.
[0023]
Example 2
10 kg of natural zeolite having a particle size of 0.5 to 1 mm was impregnated with 50 g of horseradish volatile oil used in Example 1 to produce granules containing 0.5% horseradish volatile oil. The AIT oil-containing zeolite granules were sealed in a 20 mm × 30 mm Japanese paper bag coated with 10 μm polyethylene on the inner surface to produce wasabi oil packaging. The obtained four sachets were put together with 100 pesticide-free Satsuma mandarin oranges in a polyethylene bag provided with small holes having a diameter of 3 mm in two places, and stored in a refrigerator in the same manner as in Example 1.
Two weeks later, the surface of Satsuma mandarin orange was visually observed. As a result, there was no mold or discoloration of the surface.
Further, the AIT space concentration in the bag was measured by the same method as in Example 1, and was found to be 15 mg / L.
[0024]
Comparative Example 2
Wasabi oil sachets were produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 10 kg of natural zeolite was impregnated with 1 kg of horseradish volatile oil. Using this wasabi sachet, the same method as in Example 2 was used, and the surface of Satsuma mandarin after 2 weeks was visually observed. No mold was generated, but the entire surface turned brown. Many oranges were found.
When the AIT spatial concentration in the bag was measured by the same method as in Example 2, it was 164 mg / L.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
By using the method of the present invention, a fungicidal effect is achieved while preventing the occurrence of phytotoxicity of allyl isothiocyanate, it is possible to maintain the freshness of fruits and vegetables for a long time, and to reduce the occurrence of defective rates of fruits and vegetables. be able to.

Claims (3)

A method for preserving the freshness of fruits and vegetables, wherein the fruits and vegetables are preserved under the condition of a spatial concentration of allyl isothiocyanate of 1 mg / L to 50 mg / L in combination with a preparation containing a natural allyl isothiocyanate oil. 2. The fruit and vegetable product according to claim 1, wherein the natural allyl isothiocyanate-containing preparation is a tablet, granule, film, sheet, emulsifier, ink or coating agent containing wasabi oil or mustard oil at a concentration of 0.01 to 10 g / kg. Freshness retention method. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fruits and vegetables are citrus fruits.