JP2004208435A - Electric automobile mounted with engine generator - Google Patents

Electric automobile mounted with engine generator Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004208435A
JP2004208435A JP2002375931A JP2002375931A JP2004208435A JP 2004208435 A JP2004208435 A JP 2004208435A JP 2002375931 A JP2002375931 A JP 2002375931A JP 2002375931 A JP2002375931 A JP 2002375931A JP 2004208435 A JP2004208435 A JP 2004208435A
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Prior art keywords
phase
current
generator
voltage
engine
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JP3973031B2 (en
Inventor
Tadashi Kaneko
正 金子
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ZERO SPORTS CO Ltd
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ZERO SPORTS CO Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric automobile that mounts an engine generator, and can be used as a commercial AC current power supply to a working apparatus such as a power tool, a lighting device or the like at a work side, and can largely extend the travel distance by urgently charging when the voltage of a battery dropps during the travel. <P>SOLUTION: The electric automobile that travels by driving a motor 1 by the power of the battery 2 comprises: a primary generator 3 that generates three-phase AC electricity by an engine mounted on the electric automobile; a control device 4 that is connected to the primary generator 3 and converts the output voltage and a frequency into a commercial AC current; a plug-in socket 9 that is connected to the control device 4 and feeds the commercial AC current to the working apparatus; a three-phase transformer 6 that is connected to the primary generator 3 and tap-adjusted for the charging voltage; and a three-phase full-wave rectifier 7 that is connected to the three-phase transformer 6 and feeds a rectified DC current to the battery 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はエンジン発電機を搭載した電気自動車に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、電気自動車は、搭載した蓄電池に商用交流電源を接続して、充電してから、この電力によりモーターを駆動させて走行するようになっている。また特開平６−２５７４５３に示されているように、エンジンの出力をタイヤに伝達して直接走行する場合と、エンジンからの出力を電気に変換して蓄電池に充電してモーターによりタイヤを回転させる場合とに切換えて走行するハイブリット自動車がある。
【０００３】
従来の蓄電池だけを搭載して走行する電気自動車は、電圧が蓄電池1個につき８Ｖ程度に低下するとモーターが停止してしまうため、通常は５０〜６０Ｋｍしか走行できず、片道で３０Ｋｍの範囲内しか行くことができない。またハイブリット自動車は、充電源としてエンジンを使用しているので、走行距離の制限はないが、蓄電池からは直流しかとれないので、電動工具や照明装置等の商用交流電流で作動する作業機器の電源としては使用することができなかった。このため従来の電気自動車は、乗用車に限られ、作業用のトラックなどには応用されていなかった。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記問題を改善し、エンジン発電機を搭載し、作業現場では電動工具や照明装置等の作業機器用の商用交流電流電源として使用できると共に、走行中に蓄電池の電圧が低下してきた時には、充電して走行距離を大幅に伸ばすことができるエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車を提供するものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の請求項１記載のエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車は、蓄電池の電力によりモーターを駆動させて走行する電気自動車において、電気自動車に搭載されたエンジンで三相交流電気を発電する一次発電機と、この一次発電機に接続されて、出力電圧と周波数を商用交流電流に変換する制御装置と、この制御装置に接続され、電動工具や照明器具等の作業機器に商用交流電流を供給する出力端子と、前記一次発電機に接続され、充電電圧にタップ調整された三相トランスと、この三相トランスに接続され、整流された直流電流を前記蓄電池に供給する三相全波整流器とからなることを特徴とするものである。
【０００６】
本発明の請求項２記載のエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車は、充電電圧にタップ調整された三相トランスのコイルに、高周波を通す鉄心を設けたことを特徴とするものである。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施の一形態を図１を参照して詳細に説明する。図において１は電気自動車の駆動源となるモーター、２はモーター１に電力を供給する蓄電池で、例えば１２個直列に接続されている。３は電気自動車に搭載され、エンジンで三相交流電気を発電する一次発電機、４はこれに接続された制御装置、５は電動工具や照明装置等の作業機器、６はこの一次発電機３に接続された三相トランス、７は三相全波整流器である。
【０００８】
前記一次発電機３は、電気自動車に搭載されたエンジンの動力により回転して発電するコイルをスター結線した三相交流発電機である。ここで発電された三相交流電流は制御装置４かまたは差し込みソケット８を介して三相トランス６に接続されている。制御装置４は、一次発電機３で発電された例えば４００ＨZ の三相交流電流を、単相交流の１００〜２００Ｖ、５０〜６０ＨZ の商用電源電圧周波数に変換するものである。
【０００９】
この商用電源に変換された単相交流電流は、差し込みソケット９を介して電動工具や照明装置等の作業機器５に接続されるようになっている。このエンジンと一次発電機３および制御装置４を組み合わせた発電機は、作業現場で使用されている汎用のエンジン発電機と同様のもので、負荷に応じてエンジンの出力が自動調整されるものである。
【００１０】
前記三相トランス６は、３本のコイル１０をデルタ結線して、各コイル１０に高周波を通す鉄心１１を設けると共に、各コイル１０に切換えタップ１２を設けた三相高周波トランスである。この三相トランス６のＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ相は前記一次発電機３のＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ相にそれぞれ接続され、更に各コイル１０の切換えタップ１２は、直列に接続した蓄電池２の充電電圧になるようにタップ調整されている。
【００１１】
この三相トランス６の各切換えタップ１２に、ダイオードで構成された三相全波整流器７が接続され、三相トランス６で降圧された三相交流電流を直流電流に変換して、蓄電池２に充電するようになっている。
【００１２】
上記構成のエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車は、例えば作業用の電動トラックなどにエンジン発電機を搭載したもので、通常走行する時には、予め商用電源から蓄電池２に充電しておく。満充電の状態で通常は５０〜６０Ｋｍ走行できるとすると、例えば４５Ｋｍ走行した時点で、搭載したエンジン発電機を作動させる。
【００１３】
エンジンが３０００回転／分程度で回転すると、一次発電機３の回転子が回転して２００〜３００Ｖで４００ＨZ 程度の三相交流電流が発電される。発電された三相交流電流は差し込みソケット８を介して三相トランス６に供給される。三相トランス６で、各コイル１０に取付けた切換えタップ１２により、充電電圧に降圧される。この時各コイル１０には高周波を通す鉄心１１が設けられ、４００ＨZ 程度の三相高周波電流が流れても効率よく充電電圧に降圧することができる。
【００１４】
この充電電圧は、蓄電池２の出力電圧が１個１２Ｖであるとすると充電電圧は約１４Ｖであるので、これが１２個直列に接続されているので、三相トランス６では約１６８Ｖに降圧される。この充電電圧に合わせて約１６８Ｖになるように予め切換えタップ１２のタップ位置を設定してある。三相トランス６で約１６８Ｖに降圧された三相交流電流は、ダイオードで構成された三相全波整流器７で直流に整流され、直流１６８Ｖの電流により蓄電池２が充電される。
【００１５】
この結果、電気自動車が走行中に、蓄電池２の電圧が低下してきても、エンジン発電機を作動させることにより、充電が行なわれて連続的に走行することができる。またエンジンを停止させても、三相全波整流器７により電流は一方向にしか流れないので蓄電池２から逆流することはない。従って、従来は１回の充電で５０〜６０Ｋｍしか走行できず、片道で３０Ｋｍの範囲内しか行くことができなかったが、電力を消費して蓄電池２の電圧が低下してきた時に、走行中でも緊急に充電することができるので、走行距離を大幅に伸ばすことができる。
【００１６】
また作業現場に到着して電動工具や照明装置等の作業機器５を使用する場合には、差し込みソケット８を外して、エンジン発電機を作動させ、作業機器５を出力端子となる差し込みソケット９に接続して使用する。制御装置４では、一次発電機３で発電された４００ＨZ の三相交流電流を、単相交流の１００〜２００Ｖ、５０〜６０ＨZ の商用電圧周波数に変換する。通常の電動工具は１００Ｖまたは２００Ｖの単相交流で駆動するようになっているので、電圧を選択してそのまま使用することができる。
【００１７】
なお差し込みソケット８を入れたまま充電しながら作業機器５を使用すると、作業機器５の負荷変動により、エンジンの出力が変動して電圧が一定とならないので、差し込みソケット８を外した状態で使用したほうが良い。
【００１８】
なお上記説明では電気自動車の走行中に、エンジン発電機を運転して充電する場合について示したが、停車中に充電しても良い。また上記説明では、デルタ結線した三相トランス６を用いた場合について示したが、スター結線した構造の三相トランス６を用いても良い。
【００１９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した如く本発明に係る請求項１記載のエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車によれば、エンジン発電機を搭載し、作業現場では単相交流の１００〜２００Ｖ、５０〜６０ＨZ の商用電圧周波数に変換して電動工具や照明装置等の商用交流電流電源として使用することができる。
【００２０】
更に走行中に蓄電池の電圧が低下してきた時には、エンジン発電機の一次発電機で発電した三相交流電流を三相トランスで、充電電圧に降圧し、更に三相全波整流器で直流電圧に変換して蓄電池に充電できるので、電気自動車の走行距離を大幅に伸ばすことができ、特に作業用のトッラクに利用することにより、電源のない遠距離の作業現場での作業も可能になった。
【００２１】
また請求項２記載のエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車によれば、充電電圧にタップ調整された三相トランスのコイルに、高周波を通す鉄心を設けたので、小型のトランスで、一次発電機で発電した高周波の三相交流電流を効率よく充電電圧に降圧することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の一形態によるエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車の結線図である。
【符号の説明】
１ モーター
２ 蓄電池
３ 一次発電機
４ 制御装置
５ 作業機器
６ 三相トランス
７ 三相全波整流器
８ 差し込みソケット
９ 差し込みソケット
１０ コイル
１１ 鉄心
１２ 切換えタップ [0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electric vehicle equipped with an engine generator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, an electric vehicle is configured to connect a commercial AC power supply to a mounted storage battery, charge the battery, and then drive the motor with the power to run. As shown in JP-A-6-257453, when an engine output is transmitted to a tire for direct running, when the output from the engine is converted to electricity to charge a storage battery and the motor rotates the tire. There is a hybrid car that switches between cases and travels.
[0003]
In a conventional electric vehicle that runs with only a storage battery, the motor stops when the voltage drops to about 8 V per storage battery, so that the vehicle can normally run only 50 to 60 km, and can only travel within 30 km on one way. I can't go. Hybrid vehicles use an engine as a charging source, so there is no limit on the mileage.However, since only DC can be obtained from the storage battery, power for work equipment such as electric tools and lighting devices that operate with commercial AC current is used. As could not be used. For this reason, conventional electric vehicles are limited to passenger cars and have not been applied to work trucks and the like.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and is equipped with an engine generator, which can be used as a commercial AC current power supply for work equipment such as a power tool or a lighting device at a work site, and when the voltage of a storage battery decreases during traveling. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle equipped with an engine generator which can be charged to greatly extend the mileage.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An electric vehicle equipped with an engine generator according to claim 1 of the present invention is an electric vehicle that runs by driving a motor with electric power of a storage battery, wherein a primary generator that generates three-phase AC electricity by an engine mounted on the electric vehicle. And a control device connected to the primary generator for converting the output voltage and frequency into a commercial AC current, and an output connected to the control device for supplying a commercial AC current to work equipment such as a power tool or a lighting fixture. A three-phase transformer connected to the primary generator and tapped to a charging voltage, and a three-phase full-wave rectifier connected to the three-phase transformer and supplying a rectified DC current to the storage battery. It is characterized by the following.
[0006]
An electric vehicle equipped with an engine generator according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a coil of a three-phase transformer whose tap voltage is adjusted to a charging voltage is provided with an iron core for transmitting high frequency.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a motor serving as a drive source of an electric vehicle, and 2 denotes a storage battery for supplying electric power to the motor 1, for example, 12 batteries are connected in series. Reference numeral 3 denotes a primary generator mounted on an electric vehicle and generates three-phase AC electricity by an engine. Reference numeral 4 denotes a control device connected to the primary generator. Reference numeral 5 denotes working equipment such as a power tool and a lighting device. And 7 is a three-phase full-wave rectifier.
[0008]
The primary generator 3 is a three-phase AC generator in which a coil that generates power by rotating by the power of an engine mounted on an electric vehicle is star-connected. The three-phase alternating current generated here is connected to the three-phase transformer 6 via the control device 4 or the insertion socket 8. The control device 4 converts, for example, a three-phase alternating current of 400 Hz generated by the primary generator 3 into a single-phase alternating current of 100 to 200 V and a commercial power supply voltage frequency of 50 to 60 Hz.
[0009]
The single-phase alternating current converted to the commercial power is connected to a working device 5 such as a power tool or a lighting device via an insertion socket 9. The generator which combines this engine with the primary generator 3 and the control device 4 is the same as a general-purpose engine generator used at the work site, and the output of the engine is automatically adjusted according to the load. is there.
[0010]
The three-phase transformer 6 is a three-phase high-frequency transformer in which three coils 10 are delta-connected, an iron core 11 that allows high frequency to pass through each coil 10, and a switching tap 12 is provided in each coil 10. The A, B, and C phases of the three-phase transformer 6 are respectively connected to the A, B, and C phases of the primary generator 3, and the switching taps 12 of each coil 10 are connected to the charging voltage of the storage battery 2 connected in series. Tap adjustments have been made.
[0011]
A three-phase full-wave rectifier 7 composed of a diode is connected to each switching tap 12 of the three-phase transformer 6. The three-phase AC current stepped down by the three-phase transformer 6 is converted into a DC current. It is designed to charge.
[0012]
The electric vehicle equipped with an engine generator having the above-described configuration is one in which the engine generator is mounted on, for example, an electric truck for work or the like. When the vehicle normally travels, the storage battery 2 is charged from a commercial power supply in advance. Assuming that the vehicle can normally travel 50 to 60 km in a fully charged state, for example, when the vehicle travels 45 km, the mounted engine generator is operated.
[0013]
When the engine rotates at about 3000 rpm, the rotor of the primary generator 3 rotates to generate a three-phase alternating current of about 400 Hz at 200 to 300 V. The generated three-phase alternating current is supplied to the three-phase transformer 6 via the insertion socket 8. In the three-phase transformer 6, the voltage is reduced to the charging voltage by the switching tap 12 attached to each coil 10. At this time, each coil 10 is provided with an iron core 11 through which a high frequency passes, so that even if a three-phase high-frequency current of about 400 Hz flows, the voltage can be efficiently reduced to the charging voltage.
[0014]
Assuming that the output voltage of the storage battery 2 is 12 V, the charging voltage is about 14 V. Since the 12 charging voltages are connected in series, the three-phase transformer 6 drops the voltage to about 168 V. The tap position of the switching tap 12 is set in advance so as to be approximately 168 V in accordance with the charging voltage. The three-phase AC current stepped down to about 168 V by the three-phase transformer 6 is rectified to DC by the three-phase full-wave rectifier 7 composed of a diode, and the storage battery 2 is charged by the current of 168 V DC.
[0015]
As a result, even if the voltage of the storage battery 2 decreases while the electric vehicle is running, the vehicle can be continuously driven by being charged by operating the engine generator. Even when the engine is stopped, the current flows only in one direction by the three-phase full-wave rectifier 7, so that the current does not flow backward from the storage battery 2. Therefore, in the past, it was possible to travel only 50 to 60 km with one charge, and it was possible to travel only within 30 km in one way. However, when the power is consumed and the voltage of the storage battery 2 is reduced, emergency Because it can be charged, the mileage can be greatly extended.
[0016]
When the user arrives at the work site and uses the working device 5 such as a power tool or a lighting device, the plug socket 8 is removed, the engine generator is operated, and the working device 5 is inserted into the plug socket 9 serving as an output terminal. Connect and use. The control device 4 converts the 400-Hz three-phase alternating current generated by the primary generator 3 into a single-phase alternating current of 100 to 200 V and a commercial voltage frequency of 50 to 60 Hz. Since a normal electric tool is driven by a single-phase AC of 100 V or 200 V, a voltage can be selected and used as it is.
[0017]
If the work equipment 5 is used while charging while the insertion socket 8 is inserted, the output of the engine fluctuates due to the load fluctuation of the work equipment 5 and the voltage is not constant. Therefore, the work equipment 5 was used with the insertion socket 8 removed. Better.
[0018]
In the above description, the case where the engine generator is driven and charged while the electric vehicle is running is shown, but the charging may be performed while the vehicle is stopped. In the above description, the case where the delta-connected three-phase transformer 6 is used has been described. However, a three-phase transformer 6 having a star-connected structure may be used.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the electric vehicle with the engine generator mounted thereon according to the first aspect of the present invention has the engine generator mounted thereon and has a single-phase AC of 100 to 200 V and a commercial voltage frequency of 50 to 60 Hz at the work site. It can be converted and used as a commercial AC current power supply for power tools, lighting devices and the like.
[0020]
Furthermore, when the voltage of the storage battery decreases during driving, the three-phase AC current generated by the primary generator of the engine generator is reduced to a charging voltage by a three-phase transformer, and further converted to a DC voltage by a three-phase full-wave rectifier. Since the storage battery can be recharged, the traveling distance of the electric vehicle can be greatly increased. In particular, by using the vehicle for a work track, it has become possible to work at a remote work site without a power supply.
[0021]
According to the electric vehicle equipped with the engine generator according to the second aspect, since the coil of the three-phase transformer whose tap voltage is adjusted to the charging voltage is provided with the iron core that allows high frequency to pass, power is generated by the primary generator with a small transformer. The high-frequency three-phase alternating current thus obtained can be efficiently reduced to the charging voltage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of an electric vehicle equipped with an engine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 motor
2 Storage battery
3 Primary generator
4 Control device
5 Working equipment
6 Three-phase transformer
7 Three-phase full-wave rectifier
8 Insert socket
9 Insert socket
10 coils
11 Iron core
12. Switching tap

Claims (2)

蓄電池の電力によりモーターを駆動させて走行する電気自動車において、電気自動車に搭載されたエンジンで三相交流電気を発電する一次発電機と、この一次発電機に接続されて、出力電圧と周波数を商用交流電流に変換する制御装置と、この制御装置に接続され、電動工具や照明器具等の作業機器に商用交流電流を供給する出力端子と、前記一次発電機に接続され、充電電圧にタップ調整された三相トランスと、この三相トランスに接続され、整流された直流電流を前記蓄電池に供給する三相全波整流器とからなることを特徴とするエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車。In an electric vehicle that runs by driving a motor with the power of a storage battery, a primary generator that generates three-phase AC electricity using an engine mounted on the electric vehicle, and is connected to the primary generator to output voltage and frequency A control device for converting to an AC current, an output terminal connected to the control device for supplying a commercial AC current to a working device such as a power tool or a lighting fixture, and connected to the primary generator, which is tap-adjusted to a charging voltage. And a three-phase full-wave rectifier connected to the three-phase transformer and supplying a rectified DC current to the storage battery. 充電電圧にタップ調整された三相トランスのコイルに、高周波を通す鉄心を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１記載のエンジン発電機搭載型電気自動車。The electric vehicle with an engine generator according to claim 1, wherein an iron core for passing high frequency is provided in a coil of the three-phase transformer whose tap is adjusted to a charging voltage.
JP2002375931A 2002-12-26 2002-12-26 Electric vehicle for working with engine generator Expired - Fee Related JP3973031B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015020540A (en) * 2013-07-18 2015-02-02 本田技研工業株式会社 Vehicle with on-board generator
CN107128185A (en) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-05 华为技术有限公司 A kind of motor driver and electric automobile

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015020540A (en) * 2013-07-18 2015-02-02 本田技研工業株式会社 Vehicle with on-board generator
CN107128185A (en) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-05 华为技术有限公司 A kind of motor driver and electric automobile
US10525836B2 (en) 2016-02-29 2020-01-07 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Motor driving apparatus and electric vehicle
CN107128185B (en) * 2016-02-29 2020-06-16 华为技术有限公司 Motor drive device and electric automobile

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