JP2004204609A - Membrane structure submerged dike - Google Patents

Membrane structure submerged dike Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004204609A
JP2004204609A JP2002376869A JP2002376869A JP2004204609A JP 2004204609 A JP2004204609 A JP 2004204609A JP 2002376869 A JP2002376869 A JP 2002376869A JP 2002376869 A JP2002376869 A JP 2002376869A JP 2004204609 A JP2004204609 A JP 2004204609A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
film body
water
membrane
film
upper edge
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JP2002376869A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Akio Yasui
章雄 安井
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Taiyo Kogyo Co Ltd
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Taiyo Kogyo Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002376869A priority Critical patent/JP2004204609A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters

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  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane structure submerged dike capable of preventing the diffusion of polluted water in the area of the sea by a submerged dike, making sure of wave dissipation and reduction of the velocity of a current and, at the same time, finely prolonging the life of the submerged dike. <P>SOLUTION: The submerged dike 9 is equipped with a membrane body 12 extended in one direction A of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction and placed in the water and a floating body 15 giving buoyancy to the membrane body 12 by connecting to an upper edge section 13 of the membrane body 12. It is equipped with an anchor 18 fixing a lower edge section 16 of the membrane body 12 to the bottom 17 and a mooring body 21 stretching the upper edge section 13 of the membrane body 12 toward the bottom 17 so that the membrane body 12 can be inclined to the direction B at right angles to one direction A in the horizontal direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、海岸、河川、湖などの水域で、汚濁水の拡散防止、波の消波、および水流の流速の低減などに用いられる潜堤に関し、より詳しくは、上下方向かつ水平方向の一方向に延びて水中に配置される膜体を備えた膜構造潜堤に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
【0003】
【特許文献1】特開2000‐54355号公報
【0004】
上記膜構造潜堤には、従来、上記特許文献1に示されるカーテン式のものがある。これによれば、上記潜堤は、上下方向かつ水平方向の一方向に延びて水中に配置される膜体と、この膜体の上縁部に連結されてこの膜体に浮力を与える浮体と、上記膜体の下縁部に取り付けられる重りとを備え、上記膜体は、埋立などにより汚濁水が発生する岸辺側の水中と、清浄な沖側とを仕切っている。
【0005】
そして、上記膜体は、上記浮体と重りとによって引張力を与えられることにより、水中で所定の平坦な形状が保持され、水中に生じた汚濁水が水流と共に上記清浄な沖側の水中に拡散するということが上記膜体により防止されて、この汚濁水による沖側の水中の汚損が防止される。
【0006】
また、上記重りをある程度重くして上記膜体における引張力を大きくしてやれば、この膜体により、沖側から岸側に向う波の消波や、沖側と岸側との間に生じる水流の流速の低減ができて、これら波や水流による岸辺の侵食は防止されると考えられる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記特許文献1のものでは、上記膜体の下縁部は自由端とされているため、上記波や水流が強いときには、これら波や水流によって上記膜体が波打ったり撓み易くなって、上記した汚濁水の拡散防止、消波、および流速の低減ということが不十分になるおそれがある。
【0008】
そこで、上記膜体の下縁部を水底に固定させるアンカーを設けて、この膜体が波打ったり撓んだりしないようにすることが考えられる。しかし、このようにした場合、上記膜体は鉛直方向に延びる姿勢とされるため、波や水流は上記膜体に対し直角に近い角度で衝突しがちとなって、この膜体に与えられる衝撃力が大きくなり、よって、上記のように膜体の下縁部を水底に固定させたとしても、上記消波や流速の低減を十分にさせることはできないおそれがあり、また、上記衝撃力により、潜堤に寿命上の問題が生じるおそれもある。
【0009】
本発明は、上記のような事情に注目してなされたもので、潜堤によって、水域における汚濁水の拡散防止、波の消波、および水流の流速の低減が、より確実にできるようにすると共に、上記潜堤の寿命が良好に保持できるようにすることを課題とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための本発明の膜構造潜堤は、次の如くである。なお、この項において各用語に付記した符号は、本発明の技術的範囲を後述の「発明の実施の形態」の項の内容に限定解釈するものではない。
【0011】
請求項1の発明は、上下方向かつ水平方向の一方向Aに延びて水中に配置される膜体12と、この膜体12の上縁部13に連結されてこの膜体12に浮力を与える浮体15とを備えた膜構造潜堤において、
【0012】
上記膜体12の下縁部16を水底17に固定させるアンカー18と、水平方向で上記一方向Aへの直交方向Bに向って上記膜体12を傾斜させるようこの膜体12の上縁部13を水底17に向って引張する係留体21とを備えたものである。
【0013】
請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明に加えて、上記係留体21が、上下方向かつ上記一方向Aに延びるよう水中に配置されその上縁部29側が上記膜体12の上縁部13側に連結される他の膜体30と、この他の膜体30の下縁部31を水底17に固定させる他のアンカー32とを備えたものである。
【0014】
請求項3の発明は、請求項2の発明に加えて、上記膜体12の第1仰角θ1の値と、上記他の膜体30の第2仰角θ2の値とを互いに相違させたものである。
【0015】
請求項4の発明は、請求項1から3のうちいずれか1つの発明に加えて、上記膜体12の下部を土砂Cを通過可能とさせる網体27で構成したものである。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面により説明する。
【0017】
(第1の実施の形態)
【0018】
図1,2は、第1の実施の形態を示している。
【0019】
図において、符号1は海などの水域、2は上記水域1の岸側、3は上記水域1の沖側であり、汚濁水4は上記岸側2から沖側3に拡散しようとし、これとは逆に、波5や水中の水流6は上記沖側3から岸側2に向ってより強く向おうとする。
【0020】
上記水域1における岸側2と沖側3との間に設置され、上記汚濁水4の拡散防止、波5の消波、水流6の流速の低減などに用いられる潜堤9が複数設けられ、これら潜堤9は上記水域1に一時的な設置が可能とされ、かつ、容易な撤去が可能とされている。上記各潜堤9は、上記岸側2と沖側3とを仕切るように水平方向の一方向Aに向って列状に配置され、これら潜堤9は結合具10によって互いに分離可能に結合されている。
【0021】
上記潜堤9は、上下方向かつ上記一方向Aに延びて水中に配置される膜体12と、上記一方向Aに延びて断面が円形をなし上記膜体12の上縁部13に第1連結具14により連結されてこの膜体12に浮力を与える浮体15と、上記膜体12の下縁部16を上記水域1の水底17に固定させるアンカー18と、このアンカー18を設置させる水底17の部分に敷設される基礎捨石19と、上記膜体12の上縁部13側に第2連結具20により連結され、上記一方向Aへの直交方向Bにおける一方向Baである上記沖側3から岸側2に向って上記膜体12を第1仰角θ1で傾斜させるよう上記膜体12の上縁部13を水底17に向って引張する係留体21とを備え、上記浮体15は上記膜体12と係留体21のそれぞれほぼ全体に引張力を与え、潜堤9の側面視(図1)で、上記膜体12と係留体21とはほぼ三角形状をなしている。
【0022】
また、上記潜堤9は、鉛直方向かつ上記一方向Aに延びて水中に配置されその上縁部が上記浮体15に第3連結具22により連結されて吊り下げられる吊り下げ膜体23と、この吊り下げ膜体23の下縁部の自由端に連結される重り24とを備え、上記吊り下げ膜体23の下縁部と重り24とは、水底17から上方に少し離れるよう配置され、上記浮体15と重り24とは上記吊り下げ膜体23のほぼ全体に引張力を与える。
【0023】
上記膜体12は、その上部を構成して通水性のない、もしくは通水しにくい膜体本体26と、下部を構成して水底17から巻き上げられた土砂Cを通過可能とさせる網体27とを備え、上記膜体本体26の下縁部と網体27の上縁部とは互いに結合されている。また、上記膜体12はポリエステル織布で成形されるが、これ以外の織布でもよく、この織布をゴムや樹脂シートで覆ったものであってもよい。また、上記網体27は上記膜体本体26とは別体の樹脂成形品としてもよい。なお、上記膜体12は網体27を備えなくてもよい。
【0024】
上記浮体15は、その上面が水面1aから所定の天端水深Rとなるよう少し水没させられ、これにより、水面1aの外観上の見栄えが良好に保たれている。なお、上記天端水深Rをほぼ0として、上記浮体15の上面を水面1aとほぼ同じ高さとしてもよく、また、上記天端水深Rを負の値として、上記浮体15の上部が図1中二点鎖線の水面1aから外方に突出する状態としてもよい。
【0025】
上記浮体15は、発泡ポリスチレン製であるが、樹脂、ゴム製などであってもよく、断面は矩形、箱形などであってもよい。また、上記アンカー18は鋼製プレートで構成されるが、H,I型鋼、鋼管、コンクリートブロック、杭、土嚢などであってもよい。また、上記膜体12の第1仰角θ1とは、潜堤9の側面視で、上記膜体12の上縁部13と下縁部16とを結ぶ仮想線28についてのものをいう。
【0026】
上記係留体21は、上下方向かつ上記一方向Aに延びるよう水中に配置されその上縁部29側が上記膜体12の上縁部13側に上記第2連結具20により連結される他の膜体30と、この他の膜体30の下縁部31を上記水域1の水底17に固定される他のアンカー32と、このアンカー32を設置させる水底17の部分に敷設される他の基礎捨石33とを備えている。より具体的には、上記他の膜体30の上縁部29は上記アンカー18に第2連結具20により連結され、上記他の膜体30は上記直交方向Bの他方向Bbである岸側2から沖側3に向って第2仰角θ2で傾斜させられている。
【0027】
上記吊り下げ膜体23と他の膜体30、アンカー32、および基礎捨石33は、前記膜体12、アンカー18、および基礎捨石19とそれぞれ互いに同様の構成とされている。ここで、上記他の膜体30の第2仰角θ2とは、潜堤9の側面視で、上記他の膜体30の上縁部29と下縁部31とを結ぶ他の仮想線34についてのものをいい、上記膜体12の第1仰角θ1と他の膜体30の第2仰角θ2とはそれぞれの仰角を見る方向が互いに逆方向(一方向Baと他方向Bb)であり、かつ、各値は互いに相違させられ、具体的には、第1仰角θ1<第2仰角θ2とされている。なお、上記第1仰角θ1と第2仰角θ2の各値を互いにほぼ同じとし、潜堤9の側面視で、上記膜体12と係留体21とをほぼ二等辺三角形状にしてもよい。また、上記第3連結具22、吊り下げ膜体23、および重り24はなくてもよい。また、上記重り24をアンカーとし、吊り下げ膜体23の下端部を上記重り24により水底17に固定させてもよい。
【0028】
また、上記浮体15に対する膜体12、係留体21、および吊り下げ膜体23の連結点である第1〜第3連結具14,20,22は、上記直交方向Bでそれぞれ互いに離反させられており、このため、上記連結点を中心として、上記浮体15が上記直交方向Bで揺動(首振り)することは防止されている。
【0029】
前記結合具10は、ロープや面ファスナーなどで構成される。
【0030】
上記構成によれば、潜堤9は、上記膜体12の下縁部16を水底17に固定させるアンカー18を備えている。
【0031】
このため、水域1における波5や水流6によって上記膜体12の下縁部16側が従来の技術のように波打ったり、撓み易くなるということが防止され、よって、水域1における汚濁水4の拡散防止、波5の消波、および水流6の流速の低減が、より確実に行われる。
【0032】
また、上記水域1は、水平方向で上記一方向Aへの直交方向Bに向って上記膜体12を傾斜させるようこの膜体12の上縁部13を水底17に向って引張する係留体21を備えている。
【0033】
このため、上記膜体12に波5や水流6が衝突するとき、これら波5や水流6は上記膜体12に対し、鋭角の交差角で衝突しがちとなり、しかも、上記膜体12は、これを傾斜させたことから、単に鉛直方向に延ばすことに比べて、この膜体12の面積を大きくでき、この膜体12に対する波5や水流6の接触面積を大きくさせることができる。
【0034】
よって、上記波5や水流6は上記膜体12に対し小さい衝撃力で滑らかに衝突すると共に、この膜体12に対し広い面積で接触することから、この膜体12により、波5の消波や水流6の流速の低減が、更に確実に行われ、また、上記膜体12に対する衝撃力が小さくなる分、潜堤9の寿命が良好に保持される。
【0035】
なお、上記膜体12の第1仰角θ1は、20°〜70°であることが好ましく、20°未満であれば、上記膜体12の下部がその自重で水底17上に垂れ下がりがちとなり、70°を越えると、膜体12への衝撃力が過大となる。
【0036】
また、前記したように、潜堤9は、浮体15に吊り下げられる吊り下げ膜体23を備えている。
【0037】
このため、上記膜体12と吊り下げ膜体23との間には水のマス(塊)が成形されることから、上記膜体12や吊り下げ膜体23に波5や水流6が衝突するとき、その衝撃力に上記水のマスが対抗して、上記膜体12や吊り下げ膜体23が大きく波打ったり、撓み易くなるということが抑制される。
【0038】
よって、その分、水域1における汚濁水4の拡散防止、波5の消波、および水流6の流速の低減がより確実に行われる。
【0039】
また、前記したように、係留体21が、上下方向かつ上記一方向Aに延びるよう水中に配置されその上縁部29側が上記膜体12の上縁部13側に連結される他の膜体30と、この他の膜体30の下縁部31を水底17に固定させる他のアンカー32とを備えている。
【0040】
このため、上記膜体12と他の膜体30との間には、上記吊り下げ膜体23によって仕切られた複数(2つ)の水のマスが成形されることから、上記膜体12や他の膜体30に波5や水流6が衝突するとき、その衝撃力に上記各水のマスが対抗して、上記膜体12や他の膜体30が大きく波打ったり、撓み易くなるということが抑制される。よって、その分、水域1における汚濁水4の拡散防止、波5の消波、および水流6の流速の低減がより確実に行われる。
【0041】
また、前記したように、浮体15に対する膜体12、吊り下げ膜体23、および他の膜体30の各連結点を直交方向Bでそれぞれ互いに離反させてある。
【0042】
このため、上記連結点を中心として、上記浮体15が上記直交方向Bで揺動するということが防止され、よって、この浮体15によっても汚濁水4の拡散防止、波5の消波、および水流6の流速の低減がより確実に行われる。
【0043】
また、前記したように、膜体12の第1仰角θ1の値と、上記他の膜体30の第2仰角θ2の値とを互いに相違させてある。
【0044】
このため、上記膜体12と他の膜体30とが岸側2と沖側3とに分けて配置されるような場合で、これら膜体12と他の膜体30とに与えられる波5や水流6からの衝撃力が互いに相違する場合には、その衝撃力やその他の条件に相応するように上記第1仰角θ1と第2仰角θ2とを個別に定めればよく、このようにすれば、水域1における潜堤9の占有領域をより小さくさせながら、上記した汚濁水4の拡散防止、波5の消波、および水流6の流速の低減がより確実に行われる。
【0045】
ここで、上記第1仰角θ1や第2仰角θ2を、より小さい値に設定すれば、上記膜体12や他の膜体30が、その下部上面に土砂Cが堆積して水底17に向って引っ張られるとしても、これに伴い、上記浮体15の上面が水面1aから過大に水没して上記天端水深Rが過大になるということは防止され、上記汚濁水4の拡散防止などの効果は良好なままに保持される。
【0046】
また、前記したように、膜体12と他の膜体30の各下部を土砂Cを通過可能とさせる網体27で構成してある。
【0047】
このため、上記膜体12や他の膜体30の下部上面に水底17の土砂Cが巻き上げられたとしても、これら土砂Cは上記網体27を下方に通過して落下し、上記膜体12や他の膜体30の上面に堆積するということが防止される。
【0048】
よって、上記膜体12や他の膜体30上への土砂Cの堆積により、上記膜体12や他の膜体30を介し上記浮体15が下方に引っ張られて、この浮体15の上面が水面1aから過大に水没して上記天端水深Rが過大になるということが防止され、このため、上記した汚濁水4の拡散防止などの効果が長く保持される。
【0049】
また、前記したように、浮体15に対し上記膜体12、吊り下げ膜体23、および他の膜体30はそれぞれ個別に連結されている。このため、上記膜体12,23,30を互いに一体成形することに比べ、水域1での上記浮体15に対する各膜体12,23,30の組み付け作業が容易にできる。
【0050】
以下の各図は、第2〜4の実施の形態を示している。これら各実施の形態は、前記第1の実施の形態と構成、作用効果において多くの点で共通している。そこで、これら共通するものについては、図面に共通の符号を付してその重複した説明を省略し、異なる点につき主に説明する。また、これら各実施の形態における各部分の構成を、本発明の課題、作用効果に照らして種々組み合せてもよい。
【0051】
(第2の実施の形態)
【0052】
図3は、第2の実施の形態を示している。
【0053】
これによれば、上記膜体12と他の膜体30とは互いに一体成形され、この一体成形された膜体12,30の直交方向Bでの中途部が上記浮体15の上面側に面接触されて連結され、上記浮体15に対する膜体12,30の各連結点は直交方向Bで互いに離反させられている。この構成によれば、膜体12と他の膜体30とを一体成形した分、潜堤9の部品点数が少なくなって、その構成が簡単になる。また、上記浮体15の首振りも防止される。
【0054】
(第3の実施の形態)
【0055】
図4は、第3の実施の形態を示している。
【0056】
これによれば、上記各膜体12,23,30の各上縁部が互いに共通の連結具37により浮体15に連結されている。この構成によれば、連結具37を各膜体12,23,30に共用させた分、潜堤9の部品点数が少なくなって、その構成が簡単になる。
【0057】
(第4の実施の形態)
【0058】
図5は、第4の実施の形態を示している。
【0059】
これによれば、浮体15は直交方向Bで複数(一対)の浮体部材39,39と、これら浮体部材39,39を互いに連結させる連結膜体40とで構成され、上記膜体12,30と連結膜体40とは互いに一体成形され、上記連結膜体40は上記膜体12と同様の構成とされている。この構成によれば、各浮体部材39と連結膜体40とによって、水域1に浅瀬41が成形されるため、これにより、特に、波5の消波、および水流6の流速の低減が更に確実に行われる。なお、上記連結膜体40を網体27とすれば、これの上面への土砂Cの堆積が防止される。
【0060】
なお、図5中一点鎖線で示すように、浮体15を一方向Aと直交方向Bとでそれぞれほぼ水平に延びる平板材で成形してもよい。このようにすれば、上記連結膜体40と同様に浅瀬41が成形されて、上記したと同様の効果が生じる。
【0061】
【発明の効果】
本発明による効果は、次の如くである。
【0062】
請求項1の発明は、上下方向かつ水平方向の一方向に延びて水中に配置される膜体と、この膜体の上縁部に連結されてこの膜体に浮力を与える浮体とを備えた膜構造潜堤において、
【0063】
上記膜体の下縁部を水底に固定させるアンカーを備えている。
【0064】
このため、水域における波や水流によって上記膜体の下縁部側が従来の技術のように波打ったり、撓み易くなるということが防止され、よって、水域における汚濁水の拡散防止、波の消波、および水流の流速の低減が、より確実に行われる。
【0065】
また、上記水域は、水平方向で上記一方向への直交方向に向って上記膜体を傾斜させるようこの膜体の上縁部を水底に向って引張する係留体とを備えている。
【0066】
このため、上記膜体に波や水流が衝突するとき、これら波や水流は上記膜体に対し、鋭角の交差角で衝突しがちとなり、しかも、上記膜体は、これを傾斜させたことから、単に鉛直方向に延ばすことに比べて、この膜体の面積を大きくでき、この膜体に対する波や水流の接触面積を大きくさせることができる。
【0067】
よって、上記波や水流は上記膜体に対し小さい衝撃力で滑らかに衝突すると共に、この膜体に対し広い面積で接触することから、この膜体により、汚濁水の波の消波や水流の流速の低減が、更に確実に行われ、また、上記膜体に対する衝撃力が小さくなる分、潜堤の寿命が良好に保持される。
【0068】
請求項2の発明は、上記係留体が、上下方向かつ上記一方向に延びるよう水中に配置されその上縁部側が上記膜体の上縁部側に連結される他の膜体と、この他の膜体の下縁部を水底に固定させる他のアンカーとを備えている。
【0069】
このため、上記膜体と他の膜体との間には、水のマスが成形されることから、上記膜体や他の膜体に波や水流が衝突するとき、その衝撃力に上記水のマスが対抗して、上記膜体や他の膜体が大きく波打ったり、撓み易くなるということが抑制される。よって、その分、水域における汚濁水の拡散防止、波の消波、および水流の流速の低減がより確実に行われる。
【0070】
請求項3の発明は、上記膜体の第1仰角の値と、上記他の膜体の第2仰角の値とを互いに相違させてある。
【0071】
このため、上記膜体と他の膜体とが岸側と沖側とに分けて配置されるような場合で、これら膜体と他の膜体とに与えられる波や水流からの衝撃力が互いに相違する場合には、その衝撃力やその他の条件に相応するように上記第1仰角と第2仰角とを個別に定めればよく、このようにすれば、水域における潜堤の占有領域をより小さくさせながら、上記した汚濁水の拡散防止、波の消波、および水流の流速の低減がより確実に行われる。
【0072】
請求項4の発明は、上記膜体の下部を土砂を通過可能とさせる網体で構成してある。
【0073】
このため、上記膜体の下部上面に水底の土砂が巻き上げられたとしても、これら土砂は上記網体を下方に通過して落下し、上記膜体の上面に堆積するということが防止される。
【0074】
よって、上記膜体上への土砂の堆積により、上記膜体を介し上記浮体が下方に引っ張られて、この浮体の上面が水面から過大に水没するということが防止され、このため、上記した汚濁水の拡散防止などの効果が長く保持される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】第1の実施の形態で、潜堤の側面図である。
【図2】第1の実施の形態で、潜堤の部分正面図である。
【図3】第2の実施の形態で、図1に相当する図である。
【図4】第3の実施の形態で、図1に相当する図である。
【図5】第4の実施の形態で、図1に相当する図である。
【符号の説明】
1 水域
2 岸側
3 沖側
4 汚濁水
5 波
6 水流
9 潜堤
12 膜体
13 上縁部
14 第1連結具
15 浮体
16 下縁部
17 水底
18 アンカー
20 第2連結具
21 係留体
22 第3連結具
23 吊り下げ膜体
24 重り
26 膜体本体
27 網体
29 上縁部
30 他の膜体
31 下縁部
32 アンカー
A 一方向
B 直交方向
Ba 一方向
Bb 他方向
C 土砂
R 天端水深
θ1 第1仰角
θ2 第2仰角
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a submergence used in water bodies such as coasts, rivers, lakes, etc. to prevent the diffusion of polluted water, to eliminate waves, and to reduce the flow velocity of water currents. The present invention relates to a submerged membrane structure having a membrane body extending in a direction and disposed in water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[0003]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2000-54355
Conventionally, there is a curtain-type submerged membrane structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above. According to this, the submerged levee includes a film body extending in one direction in the vertical and horizontal directions and arranged in water, and a floating body connected to an upper edge of the film body and giving buoyancy to the film body. And a weight attached to a lower edge of the film body. The film body separates water on the shore where polluted water is generated by landfilling and the like and clean offshore.
[0005]
The film body is given a tensile force by the floating body and the weight, so that a predetermined flat shape is maintained in the water, and the polluted water generated in the water diffuses into the clean offshore water together with the water flow. Is prevented by the above-mentioned membrane, and the pollution of the offshore water by the polluted water is prevented.
[0006]
Also, if the weight is increased to some extent and the tensile force in the membrane is increased, this membrane can suppress the wave from the offshore to the shore, and the water flow generated between the offshore and the shore. It is thought that the flow velocity can be reduced and the erosion of the shore by these waves and water currents is prevented.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in Patent Document 1, since the lower edge of the film body is a free end, when the wave or water flow is strong, the wave or water flow makes the film body easily undulate or bend. There is a possibility that the prevention of the diffusion of the polluted water, the wave extinction, and the reduction of the flow velocity may become insufficient.
[0008]
Therefore, it is conceivable to provide an anchor for fixing the lower edge of the film body to the bottom of the water so as to prevent the film body from waving or bending. However, in such a case, since the film body has a posture extending in the vertical direction, waves and water current tend to collide with the film body at an angle close to a right angle, and the impact given to the film body The force is large, and therefore, even if the lower edge of the membrane is fixed to the water bottom as described above, there is a possibility that the wave elimination and the reduction of the flow velocity may not be sufficiently achieved, and the impact force In addition, there may be a problem with the life of the submerged embankment.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and enables a submerged levee to more reliably prevent the diffusion of polluted water in a water area, eliminate waves, and reduce the flow velocity of a water stream. It is another object of the present invention to make it possible to maintain a good life of the submerged embankment.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The membrane structure submerged embankment of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows. Note that the reference numerals added to the terms in this section do not limit the technical scope of the present invention to the contents of the “Embodiments of the Invention” described below.
[0011]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the film body 12 extending in one direction A in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is disposed in water, and is connected to the upper edge portion 13 of the film body 12 to give buoyancy to the film body 12. In the membrane structure submerged with the floating body 15,
[0012]
An anchor 18 for fixing the lower edge portion 16 of the film body 12 to the water bottom 17 and an upper edge portion of the film body 12 so as to incline the film body 12 in the horizontal direction in the orthogonal direction B to the one direction A. And a mooring body 21 for pulling the 13 toward the water bottom 17.
[0013]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, the mooring member 21 is disposed in water so as to extend in the up-down direction and the one direction A, and the upper edge 29 side thereof is the upper edge of the film body 12. 13 is provided with another film body 30 connected to the 13 side and another anchor 32 for fixing the lower edge 31 of the other film body 30 to the water bottom 17.
[0014]
A third aspect of the present invention is different from the second aspect in that the value of the first elevation angle θ1 of the film body 12 and the value of the second elevation angle θ2 of the other film body 30 are different from each other. is there.
[0015]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, a lower portion of the film body 12 is constituted by a net 27 which allows earth and sand C to pass therethrough.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
(First Embodiment)
[0018]
1 and 2 show a first embodiment.
[0019]
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a water area such as the sea, 2 denotes a shore side of the water area 1, 3 denotes an offshore side of the water area 1, and polluted water 4 tries to diffuse from the shore side 2 to the offshore side 3, and On the contrary, the waves 5 and the water flow 6 in the water tend to be more strongly directed from the offshore 3 to the shore 2.
[0020]
A plurality of submerged levees 9 are installed between the shore 2 and the offshore 3 in the water area 1 and used to prevent the diffusion of the polluted water 4, extinguish the waves 5, reduce the flow velocity of the water flow 6, These submerges 9 can be temporarily installed in the water area 1 and can be easily removed. The submerged levees 9 are arranged in a row in one horizontal direction A so as to separate the shore 2 and the offshore 3 from each other. ing.
[0021]
The submerged bank 9 has a film body 12 extending in the vertical direction and the one direction A and disposed in the water, and a first extending part 13 extending in the one direction A and having a circular cross section. A floating body 15 connected by a connecting member 14 to give buoyancy to the film body 12, an anchor 18 for fixing a lower edge 16 of the film body 12 to a water bottom 17 of the water area 1, and a water bottom 17 for installing the anchor 18 Is connected to the upper edge portion 13 side of the film body 12 by the second connecting member 20, and the offshore side 3, which is one direction Ba in the orthogonal direction B to the one direction A, A mooring body 21 that pulls the upper edge 13 of the film body 12 toward the water bottom 17 so as to incline the film body 12 at the first elevation angle θ1 toward the shore side 2. A tensile force is applied to substantially the entire body 12 and the mooring body 21 respectively. Side view of Sentsutsumi 9 (Figure 1), has a substantially triangular shape with tether 21 and the film 12.
[0022]
In addition, the submerged bank 9 extends vertically and in the one direction A, is disposed in the water, and has an upper edge portion connected to the floating body 15 by the third coupling tool 22 and suspended therefrom. A weight 24 connected to a free end of a lower edge of the suspended film 23; and a lower edge and the weight 24 of the suspended film 23 are arranged to be slightly away from the water bottom 17 upward, The floating body 15 and the weight 24 apply a tensile force to almost the entire suspended film body 23.
[0023]
The film body 12 has a film body main body 26 that constitutes an upper part thereof that is impervious or hardly water-permeable, and a net body 27 that constitutes a lower part thereof, which allows the soil C rolled up from the water bottom 17 to pass therethrough. The lower edge of the film body 26 and the upper edge of the net 27 are connected to each other. Further, the film body 12 is formed of a polyester woven fabric, but may be another woven fabric or a woven fabric covered with a rubber or resin sheet. Further, the mesh body 27 may be a resin molded product separate from the film body main body 26. Note that the film body 12 does not need to include the net 27.
[0024]
The floating body 15 is slightly submerged so that the upper surface thereof is at a predetermined top water depth R from the water surface 1a, so that the appearance of the water surface 1a is kept good. The top water depth R may be set to substantially 0, and the upper surface of the floating body 15 may be set to be substantially the same height as the water surface 1a. It may be in a state of protruding outward from the water surface 1a indicated by the two-dot chain line.
[0025]
The floating body 15 is made of expanded polystyrene, but may be made of resin, rubber, or the like, and may have a rectangular or box-shaped cross section. Further, the anchor 18 is formed of a steel plate, but may be H, I-type steel, steel pipe, concrete block, pile, sandbag, or the like. The first elevation angle θ1 of the film body 12 refers to a virtual line 28 connecting the upper edge portion 13 and the lower edge portion 16 of the film body 12 in a side view of the submerged bank 9.
[0026]
The other mooring member 21 is disposed in the water so as to extend in the vertical direction and the one direction A, and has an upper edge 29 side connected to the upper edge 13 side of the film body 12 by the second connecting member 20. Body 30, another anchor 32 for fixing the lower edge 31 of this other membrane body 30 to the water bottom 17 of the water area 1, and another basic rubble laid on the part of the water bottom 17 where the anchor 32 is installed. 33. More specifically, the upper edge portion 29 of the other film body 30 is connected to the anchor 18 by the second connecting member 20, and the other film body 30 is located on the shore side in the other direction Bb of the orthogonal direction B. It is inclined at a second elevation angle θ2 from 2 to the offshore side 3.
[0027]
The suspended film 23 and the other films 30, anchors 32, and basic rubble 33 have the same configuration as the film 12, the anchor 18, and the basic rubble 19, respectively. Here, the second elevation angle θ2 of the other film body 30 refers to another virtual line 34 connecting the upper edge portion 29 and the lower edge portion 31 of the other film body 30 in a side view of the submerged bank 9. The first elevation angle θ1 of the film body 12 and the second elevation angle θ2 of the other film body 30 are in opposite directions (one direction Ba and the other direction Bb) in which directions of viewing the respective elevation angles are opposite to each other, and The values are made different from each other, and specifically, the first elevation angle θ1 <the second elevation angle θ2. The values of the first elevation angle θ1 and the second elevation angle θ2 may be substantially the same, and the film body 12 and the mooring body 21 may be substantially isosceles triangular in side view of the submerged levee 9. Further, the third connector 22, the suspended film body 23, and the weight 24 may not be provided. Further, the weight 24 may be used as an anchor, and the lower end of the suspended film body 23 may be fixed to the water bottom 17 by the weight 24.
[0028]
Further, the first to third connecting members 14, 20, and 22, which are connection points of the film body 12, the mooring body 21, and the hanging film body 23 with respect to the floating body 15, are separated from each other in the orthogonal direction B. Therefore, the floating body 15 is prevented from swinging (swinging) in the orthogonal direction B about the connection point.
[0029]
The coupler 10 is composed of a rope, a hook-and-loop fastener, or the like.
[0030]
According to the above configuration, the submerged bank 9 includes the anchor 18 for fixing the lower edge 16 of the membrane 12 to the water bottom 17.
[0031]
For this reason, it is prevented that the lower edge portion 16 side of the film body 12 becomes wavy or easily bent by the waves 5 and the water flow 6 in the water area 1 as in the related art, and thus the polluted water 4 in the water area 1 is prevented. The prevention of diffusion, the wave extinction of the wave 5, and the reduction of the flow velocity of the water flow 6 are performed more reliably.
[0032]
Further, the water body 1 is provided with a mooring body 21 that pulls the upper edge 13 of the film body 12 toward the water bottom 17 so as to incline the film body 12 in the horizontal direction in the orthogonal direction B to the one direction A. It has.
[0033]
Therefore, when the wave 5 or the water stream 6 collides with the film body 12, the wave 5 or the water stream 6 tends to collide with the film body 12 at an acute intersection angle. Since this is inclined, the area of the film body 12 can be increased as compared with simply extending in the vertical direction, and the contact area of the wave 5 and the water flow 6 with respect to the film body 12 can be increased.
[0034]
Therefore, the wave 5 and the water flow 6 smoothly collide with the film body 12 with a small impact force, and come into contact with the film body 12 over a wide area. The flow velocity of the water flow 6 is more reliably reduced, and the life of the submerged levee 9 is favorably maintained because the impact force on the membrane 12 is reduced.
[0035]
Note that the first elevation angle θ1 of the film body 12 is preferably 20 ° to 70 °, and if it is less than 20 °, the lower part of the film body 12 tends to hang down on the water bottom 17 by its own weight. When the angle exceeds °, the impact force on the film body 12 becomes excessive.
[0036]
Further, as described above, the submerged bank 9 includes the suspended film 23 suspended from the floating body 15.
[0037]
For this reason, since a mass of water is formed between the film body 12 and the suspended film body 23, the wave 5 and the water flow 6 collide with the film body 12 and the suspended film body 23. At this time, it is suppressed that the water mass opposes the impact force and the film body 12 and the suspended film body 23 are largely wavy or easily bent.
[0038]
Accordingly, the prevention of the diffusion of the polluted water 4 in the water area 1, the extinction of the wave 5, and the reduction of the flow velocity of the water flow 6 are performed more reliably.
[0039]
Further, as described above, the other mooring body 21 is disposed in the water so as to extend in the up-down direction and the one direction A, and the upper edge 29 side is connected to the upper edge 13 side of the film body 12. 30 and another anchor 32 for fixing the lower edge 31 of the other film body 30 to the water bottom 17.
[0040]
For this reason, a plurality (two) of water masses separated by the hanging film body 23 are formed between the film body 12 and another film body 30, so that the film body 12 and the other film bodies 30 are formed. When the wave 5 or the water stream 6 collides with the other film body 30, each of the water masses opposes the impact force, and the film body 12 or the other film body 30 is easily waved or easily bent. Is suppressed. Accordingly, the prevention of the diffusion of the polluted water 4 in the water area 1, the extinction of the wave 5, and the reduction of the flow velocity of the water flow 6 are performed more reliably.
[0041]
Further, as described above, the connection points of the film body 12, the suspended film body 23, and the other film body 30 with respect to the floating body 15 are separated from each other in the orthogonal direction B.
[0042]
For this reason, the floating body 15 is prevented from swinging in the orthogonal direction B about the connection point, so that the floating body 15 also prevents the diffusion of the polluted water 4, the wave elimination of the wave 5, and the water flow. 6, the flow velocity is more reliably reduced.
[0043]
Further, as described above, the value of the first elevation angle θ1 of the film body 12 and the value of the second elevation angle θ2 of the other film body 30 are different from each other.
[0044]
For this reason, in the case where the film body 12 and the other film body 30 are disposed separately on the shore side 2 and the offshore side 3, the wave 5 applied to the film body 12 and the other film body 30 When the impact force from the water flow 6 differs from each other, the first elevation angle θ1 and the second elevation angle θ2 may be individually determined so as to correspond to the impact force and other conditions. For example, while the area occupied by the submerged bank 9 in the water area 1 is made smaller, the above-described prevention of the diffusion of the polluted water 4, the extinction of the wave 5, and the reduction of the flow velocity of the water flow 6 are performed more reliably.
[0045]
Here, if the first elevation angle θ1 and the second elevation angle θ2 are set to smaller values, the film body 12 and the other film body 30 will have the sediment C deposited on the lower upper surface thereof and move toward the water bottom 17. Even if it is pulled, it is possible to prevent the upper surface of the floating body 15 from being excessively submerged from the water surface 1a, thereby preventing the top water depth R from becoming excessively large. Thus, the effect of preventing diffusion of the polluted water 4 is good. It is kept as it is.
[0046]
Further, as described above, each lower portion of the film body 12 and the other film body 30 is constituted by the mesh body 27 that allows the earth and sand C to pass therethrough.
[0047]
For this reason, even if the earth and sand C of the water bottom 17 is rolled up on the lower upper surface of the film body 12 and the other film body 30, the earth and sand C pass through the mesh body 27 and fall, and fall. And deposition on the upper surface of another film body 30 is prevented.
[0048]
Therefore, the sediment C is deposited on the film body 12 or the other film body 30, and the floating body 15 is pulled downward through the film body 12 or the other film body 30. Excessive submergence from 1a prevents the top water depth R from becoming excessively large, and therefore, the effect of preventing the diffusion of the polluted water 4 and the like is maintained for a long time.
[0049]
As described above, the film body 12, the suspended film body 23, and the other film body 30 are individually connected to the floating body 15. For this reason, as compared with the case where the film bodies 12, 23, 30 are integrally formed with each other, the work of assembling the film bodies 12, 23, 30 to the floating body 15 in the water area 1 can be facilitated.
[0050]
The following figures show the second to fourth embodiments. Each of these embodiments has many points in common in the configuration, operation, and effects of the first embodiment. Therefore, these common components are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and redundant description thereof will be omitted, and different points will be mainly described. Further, the configuration of each part in each of the embodiments may be variously combined in view of the problems and effects of the present invention.
[0051]
(Second embodiment)
[0052]
FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment.
[0053]
According to this, the film body 12 and the other film body 30 are integrally formed with each other, and a halfway portion of the integrally formed film bodies 12 and 30 in the orthogonal direction B is in surface contact with the upper surface side of the floating body 15. The connecting points of the membranes 12 and 30 with respect to the floating body 15 are separated from each other in the orthogonal direction B. According to this configuration, since the film body 12 and the other film body 30 are integrally formed, the number of parts of the submerged bank 9 is reduced, and the structure is simplified. In addition, swinging of the floating body 15 is also prevented.
[0054]
(Third embodiment)
[0055]
FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment.
[0056]
According to this, the upper edges of the film bodies 12, 23, 30 are connected to the floating body 15 by the common connecting tool 37. According to this configuration, the number of parts of the submerged bank 9 is reduced by the shared use of the connecting member 37 for each of the membranes 12, 23, 30, and the configuration is simplified.
[0057]
(Fourth embodiment)
[0058]
FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment.
[0059]
According to this, the floating body 15 is composed of a plurality (a pair) of floating body members 39 and 39 in the orthogonal direction B and a connecting film body 40 connecting the floating body members 39 and 39 to each other. The connecting film body 40 is integrally formed with the connecting film body 40, and the connecting film body 40 has the same configuration as that of the film body 12. According to this configuration, the shallow water 41 is formed in the water area 1 by each of the floating body members 39 and the connecting film body 40, so that, in particular, the elimination of the wave 5 and the reduction of the flow velocity of the water flow 6 are more reliably achieved. Done in In addition, if the connecting film body 40 is the net body 27, the accumulation of the earth and sand C on the upper surface thereof is prevented.
[0060]
As shown by a dashed line in FIG. 5, the floating body 15 may be formed of a flat plate that extends substantially horizontally in one direction A and the orthogonal direction B. By doing so, the shallows 41 are formed in the same manner as the connecting film body 40, and the same effects as described above are produced.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
The effects of the present invention are as follows.
[0062]
The invention according to claim 1 includes a film body extending vertically and horizontally in one direction and arranged in water, and a floating body connected to an upper edge portion of the film body to give buoyancy to the film body. At the membrane submerged embankment,
[0063]
An anchor is provided for fixing the lower edge of the membrane to the water bottom.
[0064]
For this reason, the lower edge side of the film body is prevented from being wavy or easily bent as in the related art due to waves or water currents in the water area, thereby preventing the diffusion of polluted water in the water area and the wave extinction. , And the flow rate of the water flow are reduced more reliably.
[0065]
Further, the water area includes a mooring body that pulls an upper edge portion of the film body toward a water bottom so as to incline the film body in a horizontal direction in a direction orthogonal to the one direction.
[0066]
For this reason, when a wave or a water stream collides with the film body, the wave or water stream tends to collide with the film body at an acute intersection angle, and the film body is inclined. The area of the film body can be increased as compared with the case where the film body is simply extended in the vertical direction, and the contact area of a wave or a water flow with the film body can be increased.
[0067]
Therefore, the waves and the water flow smoothly collide with the film body with a small impact force, and come into contact with the film body over a wide area. The flow velocity can be more reliably reduced, and the life of the submerged levee can be maintained well because the impact force on the membrane is reduced.
[0068]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided another film body in which the mooring body is disposed in water so as to extend in the vertical direction and the one direction, and an upper edge side thereof is connected to an upper edge side of the film body. And another anchor for fixing the lower edge of the membrane body to the water bottom.
[0069]
For this reason, since a mass of water is formed between the film body and another film body, when a wave or a water stream collides with the film body or another film body, the impact force of the water The above-mentioned mass and the above-mentioned film body and other film bodies are suppressed from being greatly wavy or easily bent. Accordingly, the prevention of the diffusion of the polluted water in the water area, the extinction of the waves, and the reduction of the flow velocity of the water flow are performed more reliably.
[0070]
In the invention of claim 3, the value of the first elevation angle of the film body is different from the value of the second elevation angle of the other film body.
[0071]
For this reason, in the case where the above-mentioned membrane body and another membrane body are arranged separately on the shore side and the offshore side, the impact force from waves or water current given to these membrane bodies and the other membrane body is reduced. When different from each other, the first elevation angle and the second elevation angle may be individually determined so as to correspond to the impact force and other conditions. In this case, the area occupied by the submerged levee in the water area is determined. The above-mentioned prevention of the diffusion of the contaminated water, the extinction of the waves, and the reduction of the flow velocity of the water flow are performed more reliably while making the water flow smaller.
[0072]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the lower portion of the membrane is made of a net which allows earth and sand to pass therethrough.
[0073]
For this reason, even if earth and sand at the bottom of the water is wound up on the upper surface of the lower part of the film, the earth and sand are prevented from falling down through the mesh body and being deposited on the upper surface of the film.
[0074]
Therefore, the sediment deposited on the film body prevents the floating body from being pulled downward through the film body, thereby preventing the upper surface of the floating body from being excessively submerged from the water surface. The effect of preventing water diffusion is maintained for a long time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a submerged embankment according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a partial front view of a submerged embankment in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 in a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 in a third embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 in a fourth embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water area 2 Shore 3 Offshore 4 Polluted water 5 Wave 6 Water flow 9 Submerge 12 Membrane 13 Upper edge 14 First connector 15 Floating body 16 Lower edge 17 Water bottom 18 Anchor 20 Second connector 21 Mooring 22 First 3 connecting member 23 hanging membrane 24 weight 26 membrane body 27 mesh body 29 upper edge 30 other membrane 31 lower edge 32 anchor A one direction B orthogonal direction Ba one direction Bb other direction C earth and sand R θ1 First elevation angle θ2 Second elevation angle

Claims (4)

上下方向かつ水平方向の一方向に延びて水中に配置される膜体と、この膜体の上縁部に連結されてこの膜体に浮力を与える浮体とを備えた膜構造潜堤において、
上記膜体の下縁部を水底に固定させるアンカーと、水平方向で上記一方向への直交方向に向って上記膜体を傾斜させるようこの膜体の上縁部を水底に向って引張する係留体とを備えた膜構造潜堤。
In a membrane structure submerged dike having a film body extending in one direction in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction and arranged in water, and a floating body connected to the upper edge of the film body and giving buoyancy to the film body,
An anchor for fixing the lower edge of the membrane to the water bottom, and a mooring for pulling the upper edge of the membrane toward the water bottom so as to incline the membrane in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the one direction. Submersible membrane structure with body.
上記係留体が、上下方向かつ上記一方向に延びるよう水中に配置されその上縁部側が上記膜体の上縁部側に連結される他の膜体と、この他の膜体の下縁部を水底に固定させる他のアンカーとを備えた請求項1に記載の膜構造潜堤。Another film body in which the mooring body is disposed in water so as to extend in the vertical direction and the one direction, and an upper edge side thereof is connected to an upper edge side of the film body, and a lower edge part of the other film body The submerged membrane structure according to claim 1, further comprising another anchor for fixing the underwater to the water bottom. 上記膜体の第1仰角の値と、上記他の膜体の第2仰角の値とを互いに相違させた請求項2に記載の膜構造潜堤。The membrane structure submerged embankment according to claim 2, wherein the value of the first elevation angle of the film body is different from the value of the second elevation angle of the other film body. 上記膜体の下部を土砂を通過可能とさせる網体で構成した請求項1から3のうちいずれか1つに記載の膜構造潜堤。The membrane structure submerged embankment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a lower portion of the membrane body is constituted by a mesh body through which earth and sand can pass.
JP2002376869A 2002-12-26 2002-12-26 Membrane structure submerged dike Pending JP2004204609A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009203614A (en) * 2008-02-26 2009-09-10 Ohmoto Gumi Co Ltd Pollution prevention membrane device of bottom sitting and composite type
KR101185716B1 (en) * 2010-06-24 2012-09-24 삼성중공업 주식회사 Underwater Breakwater
CN102995603A (en) * 2012-12-25 2013-03-27 华南师范大学 Wave elimination facility
JP2020159017A (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-01 裕弘 増田 Sediment retention submerged bank in membrane structure

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009203614A (en) * 2008-02-26 2009-09-10 Ohmoto Gumi Co Ltd Pollution prevention membrane device of bottom sitting and composite type
KR101185716B1 (en) * 2010-06-24 2012-09-24 삼성중공업 주식회사 Underwater Breakwater
CN102995603A (en) * 2012-12-25 2013-03-27 华南师范大学 Wave elimination facility
JP2020159017A (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-01 裕弘 増田 Sediment retention submerged bank in membrane structure
JP6997737B2 (en) 2019-03-26 2022-01-18 裕弘 増田 Membrane structure sediment dike

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