JP2004202379A - Water sealing sheet, water sealing structure, and water sealing structure construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily apply a water sealing sheet provided with a water sealing layer comprising polyolefin type resin in a recessed part on a slope face without executing slippage prevention countermeasure. <P>SOLUTION: The water sealing sheet 1 to be spread on a slope face comprises a water sealing layer 2 comprising a polyolefin type resin, a supporting layer 3 layered on the water sealing layer 2 and comprising a woven, non woven fabric or the like, and one or a plurality of fixing pieces 4 formed in the supporting layer 3 and fixed in the slope face 13 by fixing metal fittings 8. The supporting layer 3 is fixed in the slope face 13 through the fixing pieces 4 by fixing the fixing pieces 4 in the slope face 13 and thereby the water sealing layer 2 is fixed in the slope face 13 via the supporting layer 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a seepage control sheet, a seepage control structure, and a method of constructing a seepage control structure, and more particularly to a seepage control method that can be effectively used in a final disposal site for waste such as general waste and industrial waste. The present invention relates to a sheet, a water-blocking structure, and a method of installing a water-blocking structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, at the final disposal site for general waste and industrial waste, etc., it is necessary to prevent harmful substances etc. from spilling out of the waste stored in the recess and contaminating the surrounding soil and groundwater. For this purpose, a water-blocking sheet is laid on the inner surface of the recess to construct a water-blocking structure to prevent harmful substances from flowing out.
[0003]
Conventionally, a water-blocking sheet made of vinyl chloride has been used for the water-blocking structure of the recess at such a waste final disposal site, but the water-blocking sheet made of vinyl chloride may cause environmental problems. Therefore, in recent years, a waterproof sheet made of polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene has been used instead of a waterproof sheet made of vinyl chloride.
[0004]
Waterproof sheets made of polyolefin do not have any environmental problems as waterproof sheets made of polyvinyl chloride, but they are laid on the slope of the recess because the surface is smooth and slippery. In such a case, measures to prevent slippage are required, and the work is extremely troublesome.
[0005]
Conventionally, as a countermeasure against slippage of the water-impervious sheet, there has been proposed a method in which a slope is formed in a step shape and the water-impervious sheet is fixed at a step portion of the slope. Further, in order to solve the problem of slippage of the water-impervious sheet, a water-impervious structure is also constructed on the slope of the recess using a rubber water-impervious sheet (for example, see Patent Document 1). ).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2955928
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, rubber waterproofing sheets are inferior in durability, and deteriorate in a short period of time when exposed to wind and rain, causing a problem of outflow of harmful substances and the like. Moreover, the construction is troublesome due to the heavy weight, and the construction cost is high due to the high price.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, does not cause environmental problems, requires less labor for construction, and is more inexpensive and has lower construction costs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water-blocking sheet, a water-blocking structure, and a method of constructing a water-blocking structure, which can reduce the cost.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems. That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a water-impervious sheet laid on a slope, comprising a water-impervious layer made of a polyolefin-based resin, and a support made of a woven cloth, a nonwoven cloth, or the like laminated on the water-impervious layer. And a fixing piece provided on the support layer and fixed to the slope.
According to the impermeable sheet according to the present invention, by fixing the fixing piece to the slope, the support layer is fixed to the slope, and the impermeable layer is fixed to the slope via the support layer. .
[0010]
The invention according to claim 2 is the impermeable sheet according to claim 1, wherein the fixing pieces are arranged at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction of the slope and in a direction substantially orthogonal to the vertical direction of the slope. One or more support layers are provided so that
According to the impermeable sheet according to the present invention, one or a plurality of fixing pieces provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction of the slope, and provided in a direction substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction of the slope. By fixing to the slope, the support layer is fixed to the slope, and the impermeable layer is fixed to the slope via the support layer.
[0011]
The invention according to claim 3 is the impermeable sheet according to claim 1, wherein the fixing pieces are arranged at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction of the slope, and substantially in a vertical direction of the slope. According to the impermeable sheet according to the present invention, which is provided with one or a plurality of support layers, at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction of the slope, and substantially in the vertical direction of the slope. By fixing one or more fixing pieces provided on the support layer to the slope, the support layer is fixed to the slope, and the impermeable layer is fixed to the slope via the support layer. become.
[0012]
The invention according to Claim 4 is the impermeable sheet according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing piece has a band shape, and one end is fixed to the support layer, According to the waterproof sheet according to the present invention, in which the multi-side end is a free end, the free end of the multi-side end of the fixing piece is fixed to the side of the slope, so that one side end of the fixing piece is fixed. The support layer fixed to the side is fixed to the slope, and the impermeable layer is fixed to the slope through the support layer.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 5 is directed to a recess having a substantially horizontal bottom surface and a sprayed concrete-treated slope surface extending obliquely upward at least 50% from the bottom surface. A water-blocking structure constructed by laying a water-blocking sheet thereon, wherein the water-blocking sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is laid on the slope, and a support layer of the water-blocking sheet is provided. The fixing pieces provided in the above are fixed with fixing fittings such as concrete nails, and the adjacent impermeable sheets are welded to each other.
According to the water-blocking structure according to the present invention, a water-blocking sheet is laid on the slope, and a fixing piece provided on the support layer of the water-blocking sheet is fixed with a fixing bracket such as a concrete nail. By welding the sheets together, the support layer is fixed to the slope, the impermeable layer is fixed to the slope via the support layer, the adjacent impermeable sheets are welded together, and the impermeable sheet is blocked on the slope by the impermeable sheet. Water structure will be constructed.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 6 is directed to a recess having a substantially horizontal bottom surface and a sprayed concrete-treated slope surface extending obliquely upward at least 50% from the bottom surface. A method of constructing a water-blocking structure of a slope using the water-blocking sheet according to any one of the above, wherein the water-blocking sheet is fixed to a substantially flat opening peripheral portion at an upper portion of the slope, and the water-blocking sheet is placed on the slope. Spreading along, the fixing piece provided on the support layer of the impermeable sheet is fixed with fixing brackets such as concrete nails and laid over the entire length of the slope, and this is laid over a plurality of slopes over the entire slope. It is characterized in that it is repeatedly performed on the impermeable sheet and the adjacent impermeable sheets are welded to each other.
According to the construction method of the water-blocking structure according to the present invention, the water-blocking sheet is spread along the slope, after being fixed to the substantially flat opening peripheral portion at the upper part of the slope, and is provided on the support layer of the water-blocking sheet. The fixing pieces provided are fixed with fixing metal fittings such as concrete nails and laid over the entire length of the slope. This is repeated for a plurality of water-impervious sheets over the entire slope, and the adjacent water-impervious sheets are welded to each other, so that the entire surface of the slope is impermeable to water. The structure will be constructed.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.
1 and 2 show one embodiment of a water-blocking sheet according to the present invention. The water-blocking sheet 1 includes a water-blocking layer 2 and a support layer 3 laminated on the water-blocking layer 2. And a plurality of fixing pieces 4 fixed to the support layer 3.
[0016]
The water-blocking layer 2 is in the form of a sheet made of a polyolefin-based resin, and is formed in a size corresponding to a construction site. In this embodiment, the width is 2.1 m and the length is a slope. Is formed to have a length and thickness of 1.5 mm.
[0017]
Examples of the polyolefin-based resin include polyethylene, polypropylene, and olefin-based elastomer. Specific examples include a resin mainly composed of a low-density to medium-density polyethylene resin polymerized with a metaceron-based catalyst.
[0018]
The support layer 3 is in the form of a sheet made of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or the like, and is formed to have substantially the same length as the water-blocking layer 2 and a smaller width than the water-blocking layer 2. Is 2.0 m, the length is the length of the slope, and the thickness is 10 mm. Examples of the woven fabric and the nonwoven fabric include polyester-based synthetic resin fibers.
[0019]
The support layer 3 is integrally joined to the upper central portion of the water-blocking layer 2 by means such as heat fusion or bonding with an adhesive. In this case, the support layer 3 is laminated on the water-impervious layer 2 such that both ends in the width direction of the water-impervious layer 2 protrude from the both ends in the width direction of the support layer 3 by a predetermined width. The portion protruding from 3 serves as an overlap allowance 6 for joining the water-blocking sheets 1 and 1 adjacent to each other in the width direction of the slope 13 when the below-described water-blocking structure 9 is applied to the slope 13.
[0020]
The fixing piece 4 has a belt-like shape made of a polyester-based synthetic resin similarly to the support layer 3, and has a width of about 2.0 m (in the same direction as the width of the support layer 3) in this embodiment. Length), length 300 mm, thickness 10 mm.
[0021]
The fixing pieces 4 are provided on the support layer 3 at predetermined intervals (in this embodiment, at intervals of 5 m) in the length direction of the support layer 3 and each at a predetermined interval (in the width direction of the support layer 3). (A direction substantially perpendicular to the direction).
[0022]
One end of the fixing piece 4 in the longitudinal direction (the end located above the slope 13) is integrally joined to the support layer 3 side by means such as heat fusion or bonding with an adhesive over the entire width. The other end in the length direction is a free end with respect to the support layer 3.
[0023]
FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show an example of a recess at a final disposal site for general waste, industrial waste, and the like. That is, the recess 11 has a substantially horizontal bottom surface 12 and a slope 13 extending obliquely upward from the bottom 12, and concrete having a predetermined thickness is formed on the surfaces of the bottom 12 and the slope 13. It has been sprayed. If the slope 13 is a steep slope of 50% or more, especially a slope of 1 unit length in the vertical direction with respect to 2 unit lengths in the horizontal direction, a spray concrete treatment is required.
[0024]
In order to construct the water-blocking structure 9 on the inner surface of the recess 11 having such a configuration using the above-described water-blocking sheet 1, first, the locking groove is formed over the entire periphery of the opening of the recess 11. Excavate 14.
[0025]
Then, the water-impervious sheet 1 is conveyed to the laying position of the recess 11, the upper end of the water-impervious sheet 1 is positioned in the locking groove 14, and a sandbag or the like is inserted into the locking groove 14 so that the water-impervious sheet 1 Temporarily fix the upper end of. When laying the water-impervious sheet 1, since the slope 13 is steeply sloped and is sprayed with concrete, the water-impervious sheet 1 is slippery, and the force concentrates on the fixed portion at the upper end of the water-impervious sheet. Therefore, the upper end of the water-impervious sheet 1 is fixed (temporarily fixed). In this state, the impermeable sheet 1 is lowered along the slope 13 of the recess 11 from the top to the bottom while spreading by a predetermined size. In this case, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4, the leading end of the water-impervious sheet 1 to be lowered is turned back to expose the fixing piece 4 fixed to the support layer 3 to the outside.
[0026]
Then, while fixing the free end side of the fixing piece 4 located on the upper side of the water-impervious sheet 1 with the flat bar 7, a fixing metal 8 such as a concrete nail is sprayed and is vertically hit on the slope 13 subjected to the concrete treatment. It is fixed to the slope 13 side, and the impermeable sheet 1 is fixed to the slope 13. In this manner, the water-impermeable sheet 1 is lowered by a predetermined dimension, and the lower fixing pieces 4 are sequentially fixed to the side of the slope 13, thereby fixing the water-impermeable sheet 1 at the laying position of the slope 13. .
[0027]
Then, the water-impervious sheet 1 is transported to the next laying position adjacent in the horizontal direction, and the upper end of the water-impervious sheet 1 is fixed in the locking groove 14 in the same manner as the previous time. Are fixed to the slope 13 side, and the impermeable sheet 1 is fixed to the laying position of the slope 13.
[0028]
In this case, the width direction ends of the water impermeable layer 2 of the previous water impermeable sheet 1 and the current water impermeable layer 2 of the current water impermeable sheet 1 are overlapped by a predetermined width (about 100 mm in this embodiment). The installation position of the impermeable sheet 1 is adjusted in advance.
[0029]
After laying the impermeable sheet 1 on the slope 13, although not shown, sandbags and the like are arranged at a plurality of locations on the upper part of the impermeable sheet 1 as necessary to hold the impermeable sheet 1 down. Is also good.
[0030]
Then, the superposed portions of the water-blocking layers 2 and 2 of the adjacent water-blocking sheets 1 and 1 are heat-sealed by a hot-air self-propelled double fusing machine (not shown), and are integrally joined. In this case, the joining operation is performed by setting the temperature of the hot air of the hot air self-propelled double fusing machine to 400 to 550 ° C. and the speed to 1.5 to 2.5 m / min. In addition, in places where the hot air self-propelled double welding machine cannot be used, a manual welding machine may be used.
[0031]
Then, after joining the water-impervious layers 2, 2, a leak test of the joined portion is performed by a pressure test.
[0032]
In the pressurization test, as shown in FIG. 7, both ends of the joint are sealed using a wringer 20, the nozzle 22 of the compressed air supply device 21 is inserted into the inspection groove of the joint, and the compressed air is depressurized. Supply while adjusting by valve. The pressure in this case is 0.05 to 0.15 MPa. After reaching the reference pressure, the valve is squeezed and held for 30 seconds. When the pressure is decreased due to the extension of the water-blocking sheet 1 due to the pressurization, the holding time is extended, and it is confirmed that the pressure decrease has stopped. Then, the presence or absence of air leakage is confirmed, and if there is no air leakage and the pressure reduction rate is within 20%, it is judged as acceptable.
[0033]
In addition, about the part which used the manual fusion machine, the leak of a joining part is examined by a negative pressure test. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, soapy water is applied to the joint, the inspection jig 23 is set, the air in the inspection jig 23 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 24, and the air is pulled under the negative pressure condition of 50 mmHg (6700 Pa). The presence or absence of bubbles is observed for 10 seconds. If no bubbles are generated due to air leakage, the test is passed.
[0034]
By laying the above-described water-impervious sheet 1, joining the adjacent water-impervious sheets 1, 1, and inspecting the joints for leaks over the entire slope 13, the entire slope 13 is obtained. Are laid on a plurality of sheets.
Finally, the impermeable sheet temporarily fixed in the locking groove 14 with sandbags or the like is removed from the sandbags, and concrete and the like are cast and permanently fixed.
[0035]
After the laying of the water-impervious sheets 1, 1, ... is completed, a color protective mat 25 made of polyester synthetic fiber is laid on the upper part of the water-impervious sheets 1, 1, ... as shown in FIG. Do.
[0036]
The color protection mat 25 has an upper end located in the locking groove 14 and casts concrete or the like into the locking groove 14 to fix the upper end in the same manner as the water shielding sheet 1. Spread from top to bottom along the slope 13 of 11.
[0037]
Then, the overlapping portions of the adjacent color protection mats 25, 25 in the width direction are heat-sealed by a manual fusing machine or a portable burner to be integrally joined. After joining the end portions in the width direction of the adjacent color protection mats 25, 25, the surface state such as damage of the color protection mats 25, 25...
[0038]
In this way, by laying the color protection mats 25, 25,... On the water-impervious sheets 1, 1,. 25... Can be constructed.
[0039]
As shown in FIG. 6, the bottom surface 12 of the recess 11 has a general water-impervious structure, namely, a lower protective mat 30 (polyester synthetic fiber), a water-impervious sheet 31 (metallocene-catalyzed low-density polyethylene), What is necessary is just to make the water-blocking structure 35 which consists of the intermediate protective mat 32 (polyester synthetic fiber), the water-blocking sheet 33 (metallocene-catalyzed low-density polyethylene), and the upper protective mat 34 (polyester synthetic fiber).
[0040]
In the method of constructing the water impermeable sheet, the water impermeable structure, and the company water structure according to this embodiment configured as described above, the water impermeable layer 2 made of a polyolefin resin is used as the support layer made of a woven cloth, a nonwoven fabric, or the like. Are laminated and the support layer 3 is placed so as to be located on the side of the slope 13 of the recess 11, and a plurality of fixing pieces 4, 4. Since it is configured to be fixed to the side, even if the water barrier layer 2 is made of a polyolefin-based resin having slippery characteristics, it is not necessary to take measures to prevent the water barrier layer 2 from slipping, and it takes time and effort required for construction. Can be reduced. Further, when the support layer 3 is a nonwoven fabric, there is an advantage that the support layer 3 is hard to slip on the slope 13 subjected to the shotcrete treatment, and the force is concentrated on the upper end portion of the water-impermeable sheet 1 by fixing the fixing piece 4. There is an advantage that the slope 13 does not need to be formed stepwise.
Further, since the water-impervious layer 2 made of a polyolefin-based resin can be supported by the support layer 3 made of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or the like, the amount of expansion and contraction of the water-impervious layer 2 due to a temperature change can be reduced. The durability of the layer 2 can be increased. Furthermore, since the polyolefin resin is light in weight and inexpensive as compared with rubber or the like, the construction cost can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, even if it is exposed to wind and rain for a long period of time, it does not deteriorate, so that it is possible to prevent harmful substances and the like from being discharged from waste for a long period of time, thereby contributing to protection of the surrounding environment.
In the above embodiment, one or a plurality of fixing pieces 4 are provided on the support layer 3 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction of the slope 13 and in a direction substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction of the slope. However, instead of this configuration, one or a plurality of fixing pieces 4 are attached to the support layer 3 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction of the slope 13 and substantially in the vertical direction of the slope 13. It is good also as a structure provided.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the impermeable sheet and impermeable structure and the method of constructing the impermeable structure of the present invention, the impermeable sheet is laminated on the impermeable layer made of polyolefin resin and the impermeable layer. Woven fabric, a support layer made of non-woven fabric, and one or more fixing pieces provided on the support layer, so that one or more fixing pieces are fixed to the side of the slope, thereby fixing the fixing pieces. The support layer can be fixed to the slope through the support, and the impermeable layer can be fixed to the slope through the support. Therefore, even with a water barrier layer made of a polyolefin resin having slippery properties, it is not necessary to take measures to prevent the water barrier layer from slipping, and the labor required for construction can be reduced.
In addition, the water-impervious layer made of a polyolefin resin is supported by the support layer made of a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, etc. Durability can be greatly increased.
Furthermore, since the polyolefin resin is light in weight and inexpensive as compared with rubber or the like, the construction cost can be significantly reduced.
Furthermore, since the polyolefin resin does not deteriorate even if it is exposed to wind and rain for a long period of time, it is possible to prevent harmful substances from flowing out of the waste for a long period of time and contribute to the protection of the surrounding environment. You can do it.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a water impermeable sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a water impermeable sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention is laid on a slope of a recess.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a water-blocking structure according to the present invention, and is an explanatory view showing a state where the water-blocking structure is installed on a slope.
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a water-blocking structure according to the present invention, and is an explanatory view showing a state where the water-blocking structure is installed on a bottom surface.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a leak test.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the leak inspection.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 water-blocking sheet 2 water-blocking layer 3 support layer 4 fixing piece 8 fixing bracket 9 water-blocking structure 11 recess 12 bottom surface 13 slope 14 locking groove

Claims (6)

A water-blocking sheet laid on a slope, a water-blocking layer made of a polyolefin-based resin, a support layer made of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or the like laminated on the water-blocking layer, and provided on the support layer. And a fixing piece fixed to the slope. 2. The impermeable sheet according to claim 1, wherein the fixing pieces are arranged on the support layer at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction of the slope and in a direction substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction of the slope. 3. Or a plurality of water-impervious sheets are provided. 2. The waterproof sheet according to claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of the fixing pieces are provided on the support layer at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction of the slope, and substantially in a vertical direction of the slope. 3. A water-impervious sheet characterized by being made. 4. The impermeable sheet according to claim 1, wherein the fixing piece has a band shape, one end of which is fixed to the support layer, and a multi-side end is a free end. A water-impervious sheet. A water-blocking sheet is laid on the bottom surface and the slope surface with respect to a recess having a substantially horizontal bottom surface and a spray-treated concrete surface extending obliquely upward at least 50% from the bottom surface. A water-impervious structure constructed by laying the water-impervious sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4 on the slope, and fixing a fixing piece provided on a support layer of the water-impervious sheet to concrete. A water-blocking structure on a slope, wherein the water-blocking sheet is fixed with nails or the like and welded to adjacent water-blocking sheets. A watertight sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, for a recess having a substantially horizontal bottom surface and a sprayed concrete treated slope extending diagonally upward at least 50% from the bottom surface. A method of constructing a water-blocking structure on a slope by using the water-blocking sheet, wherein the water-blocking sheet is spread along the slope, after being fixed to a substantially flat opening periphery of the upper part of the slope. The fixing piece provided on the support layer of the sheet is fixed with fixing brackets such as concrete nails and laid over the entire length of the slope, and this is repeatedly performed on a plurality of waterproof sheets over the entire slope. A method of constructing a water-blocking structure on a slope, comprising welding adjacent water-blocking sheets to each other.

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