JP2004200993A - Whole image plane sharply shooting system - Google Patents

Whole image plane sharply shooting system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004200993A
JP2004200993A JP2002366647A JP2002366647A JP2004200993A JP 2004200993 A JP2004200993 A JP 2004200993A JP 2002366647 A JP2002366647 A JP 2002366647A JP 2002366647 A JP2002366647 A JP 2002366647A JP 2004200993 A JP2004200993 A JP 2004200993A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
image
frame
photographing
illuminance
distance
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JP2002366647A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Keiji Imanishi
啓二 今西
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Individual
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a whole image plane sharply shooting system that is favorable for product description data and sightseeing brochures. <P>SOLUTION: The whole image plane sharply shooting system comprises a luminance measuring means 80 for each of multiple regions into which imaged regions of an image sensing element 140 are divided, multi-frame image data 150 imaged based on information of a frame number shoot indicating table 120 that is obtained by a parallel measurement processing of a distance measuring means and by operation of a microcomputer 30, and cut-and-paste portions of effective image regions indicated from the image data by the table 120. Consequently, images are obtained whose whole planes were shot through correct exposure and accurate focusing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、製品説明や観光パンフレット使用される写真の撮影機に係り、特に、1枚の写真に盛り込む情報の最大化のため、全画面ピントと露出時間が適正な鮮明画像を得ることができるシステムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
人間の目においても、通常のカメラにおいても、手前の物に焦点を調節すれば、遠くのものはピントがぼけ、また写野範囲内に、明るい物・暗い物が共存する場合、明るいものが綺麗に写るように露出時間を調整すれば、暗い物は明瞭に写らない。かくして写真1枚には、鮮明に写らない部分が存在することが、常識であった。
【0003】
ピントについてだけ強いて画面全面に合わせるためには、針孔写真や極小絞りで撮影すると対応できる。しかし乍らこの方法だと、光の回折現象により、高い解像度が得られない。
【0004】
また従来より画面内の重要な被写体を確実に捉えるために複数駒を記録できる画像メモリを使用する方法が提案されている。(特許文献1参照。)。
【0005】
この電子オーダリングシステム速合焦電子カメラによれば、被写体が高速で移動して焦点調節困難なものでも、高速に焦点調節が可能であり、万が一焦点調節が1フレームで合っていなかったり、被写体の高速動作で、画像にブレが生じていても、複数フレーム撮影しているので、比較的良好に撮影されたフレームを後に探す事が可能である。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特願平9−346557公報(図1)
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかるに、前記従来例に係るカメラは、比較的良好に撮影された駒の選択は、人手に委ねるという不都合がある。人手に頼っていては、大量に製品説明写真や状況説明写真、観光用パンフレットといった類の、商用情報提供写真を高速大量に揃えるには向かない。
【0008】
本発明は、このような従来技術の実情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、製品説明資料や観光パンフレットに良い全画面鮮明な画像撮影システムを提供することにある。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述した目的を達成するため、本発明の全画面鮮鋭撮影システムは、撮像素子に写る画面を等面積の領域に分割して、各領域毎の照度測定と距離計測手段を設け、並列処理で計測した数値を撮影システム搭載のマイコンが、分割計測記憶テーブルに記録し、そのテーブルを被写体迄の距離の昇順にソートし、図1の焦点深度と被写界深度説明で、記述の通り、レンズ性能(Fナンバーと焦点距離)と撮像素子性能(素子分解能と感度)で制約される、許容錯乱円直径に収まるための焦点調節機構の距離段階決定及び露出条件決定(感光材寛容度)から演算される画面等分割領域全個数分良好な撮影条件の個数(必要フレーム数)の情報テーブルを作成し、当該テーブル記載の情報に従い、距離(焦点リング)・絞りシャッター速度を制御して、複数画像(フレーム)キャッシュメモリに映像を一時格納し、各フレームから、有効な領域の画像部分だけを切り出して、有効画像部分をタイル張りの如く合成して、最終的に撮像装置内最終保管記憶媒体に格納することを特徴とする。
【0010】
請求項1記載の発明では、焦点調節と露光条件を変えた複数フレームより有効な領域を抽出して1駒の画像を得るため、画面全面がピントが合い且つ、適正露出で情報量の多い写真が得られる効果がある
請求項2記載の発明では、請求項1記載の実現に当り、撮影する複数フレーム枚数を最小化する演算操作をマイコンが行うため、最終記録の1駒を得るまでの時間短縮の効果がある。
【0011】
請求項3記載の発明では、請求項1記載の実現に当り、レンズの有効径を最大限利用する方法で複数フレームを撮影するため、ピントの鋭い、解像力に優れ、光の回折現象によるボヤケの少ない写真が得られる効果がある。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係る全画面鮮鋭撮影システムの一実施形態例を図と共に説明する。図2に示すように、本実施形態例に係る全画面鮮鋭撮影システムは、絞り調整機構50と焦点調整機構60を備えた、レンズ40部分と、撮像素子140に写し出される映像の領域を等面積区画に分割した領域定義図(図4)の各領域毎の照度と被写体迄の距離を計測する、照度測定手段80と距離計測手段90と測定結果を記入する分割計測記憶テーブル100(図5)とこのテーブルを距離の昇順にソートした計測値ソート済みテーブル110(図6)と、このテーブルとこのレンズのレンズと撮像素子の固有性能値を元に、マイコンが図1理論を考慮して演算するフレーム番号撮影指示テーブル120、及びこのテーブルに基づいて撮影される画像メモリ150(画像フレーム)と、ここからフレーム番号指示テーブルに記載した各映像領域が、有効利用する部分映像データを切り貼りして最終的に、撮像装置内に最終保管する記憶媒体180から構成される。
【0013】
ここに、照度測定手段80は、撮像装置以外にカメラに複数個組み付けた照度計で実現する。もしくは撮像素子に向かう光路をハーフミラーで分岐させたもう一方の焦点面にアレイ状に配列した受光素子においても実現する。
【0014】
さらに、距離計測手段は、アレイ状に配列した赤外線距離計や、超音波距離計などを利用して実現する。
【0015】
撮像素子は、CCD(Charge Coupled Device)電化結合素子もしくは、CMOSイメージセンサーを使用する。
【0016】
撮像装置内最終保管記録媒体は、デジタルカメラに使用されているCF,SD,メモリースティックなどを使用する。
【0017】
撮影の処理は、図3のフローチャートに記載する。
シャッターを半押しにすると、半押し処理の手順S2からS13が実行されて複数枚の画像キャッシュメモリに画像が書き込まれる。
【0018】
更に全押しすれば、フレーム画像撮影指示テーブル(S8手順で生成されている。)に記載された領域番号を拾って、最終的にデジカメに記録する媒体にタイル貼り付け方法で部分映像が張り付き、1駒分全て揃うとJPEG圧縮のような画像データ圧縮処理を行って、媒体に書き込みされる。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
図1に示すように、被写体のピントは、Fナンバーの小さいすなわち明かるいレンズ程、ぴったり合う範囲が狭くなるという問題があり、被写体の距離範囲が広い情報の多い写真を得たい場合には、解像力を犠牲にして、レンズ絞り絞って撮影していたが、本発明の方法で撮影すれば、画面全面鮮明で適正露出の写真が得られるため、状況説明の写真、製品説明の写真、観光パンフレットの写真が大きい1枚の写真で可能となる。また、計測データを元にフレーム数を演算するので短い処理時間で有効な写真が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】焦点深度と被写界深度説明
本発明の解決課題に係る焦点合わせとピンボケに関する説明図である。
【図2】全画面鮮鋭撮影システム機能構成図
実施形態例に係るシステム構成図である。
【図3】全画面鮮鋭撮影システム撮影フローチャート
実施形態例に係る撮影のフローチャートである。
【図4】画面等分割領域(25分割例)
実施形態例に係る撮像素子140の描画領域の情報分割の説明図である。
【図5】分割計測記憶テーブル100
実施形態例に係る照度測定手段80および距離測定手段90の計測結果表の説明図である。
【図6】計測値ソート済みテーブル110
実施形態例に係る分割計測領域毎の距離と照度の測定値を、距離の昇順と照度の降順にソートした表の説明図である。
【図7】フレーム番号撮影指示テーブル120
実施形態例に係るマイコン30が演算した結果得た、撮影すべきフレームの撮影条件を示す表の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
20 シャッターボタン
30 マイコン(中央処理装置)
40 レンズ
50 絞り調節機構
60 焦点調節機構
70 シャッター機構
80 照度測定手段
90 距離計測手段
100 分割計測記憶テーブル
110 計測値ソート済みテーブル
120 フレーム番号撮影指示テーブル
130 焦点調節・絞り調節・シャッター調節機構を120に従い処理
140 撮像素子
150 画像メモリ(フレーム番号毎の画像データ一時格納)
160 画像メモリから120の有効範囲だけ抽出処理
170 画像合成(タイル方式)と合成画像の画像圧縮処理
180 撮像装置内部最終保管記憶媒体への記録処理
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a camera for photographing a product used in a product description or a tourist pamphlet, and in particular, can maximize the information included in one photograph to obtain a clear image with an appropriate full-screen focus and exposure time. About the system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In human eyes and ordinary cameras, if you focus on the object in front of you, the distant object will be out of focus, and if there are bright and dark objects coexisting in the field of view, the bright object will be out of focus. If you adjust the exposure time to get a clear image, dark objects will not be clearly visible. Thus, it was common sense that a single photograph had portions that were not clearly visible.
[0003]
To focus only on the focus and focus on the entire screen, shooting with a needlehole photograph or a very small aperture can be used. However, according to this method, high resolution cannot be obtained due to the light diffraction phenomenon.
[0004]
Further, conventionally, there has been proposed a method of using an image memory capable of recording a plurality of frames in order to reliably capture an important subject in a screen. (See Patent Document 1).
[0005]
According to this electronic ordering system fast focusing electronic camera, even if the subject moves at high speed and it is difficult to adjust the focus, it is possible to adjust the focus at high speed. Even if the image is blurred at high speed operation, since a plurality of frames are shot, it is possible to search for a frame shot relatively well later.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application No. 9-346557 (FIG. 1)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the camera according to the conventional example has a disadvantage that the selection of a relatively well-photographed frame is left to a human operator. Relying on humans is not suitable for preparing a large number of commercial information providing photographs such as product explanatory photos, situation explanatory photographs, and tourist brochures.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of such a situation of the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a full-screen clear image photographing system suitable for product explanation materials and tourist pamphlets.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the full-screen sharp imaging system of the present invention divides a screen captured by an image sensor into regions of equal area, provides illuminance measurement and distance measurement means for each region, and performs measurement by parallel processing. The microcomputer equipped with the photographing system records the calculated values in the divided measurement storage table, sorts the table in ascending order of the distance to the subject, and as described in the description of the depth of focus and the depth of field in FIG. (F number and focal length) and calculated by the distance step of the focus adjustment mechanism and the exposure condition (photosensitive material tolerance) to be within the permissible circle of confusion, which are limited by the imaging device performance (device resolution and sensitivity). Creates an information table of the number of required shooting conditions (the required number of frames) for the entire number of screen divided areas, and controls the distance (focal ring) and aperture shutter speed according to the information described in the table. A video is temporarily stored in an image (frame) cache memory, only an image portion of an effective area is cut out from each frame, and the effective image portion is combined like a tile, and finally a final storage medium in the imaging device Is stored.
[0010]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, an effective area is extracted from a plurality of frames in which the focus adjustment and the exposure condition are changed to obtain an image of one frame. According to the second aspect of the present invention, which has an effect to be obtained, the microcomputer performs an arithmetic operation for minimizing the number of frames to be shot in realizing the first aspect, so that the time required to obtain one frame of the final record is shortened. Has the effect of
[0011]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, in order to realize the first aspect, since a plurality of frames are photographed by using a method that maximizes the effective diameter of the lens, sharp focus, excellent resolving power, and blurring due to light diffraction phenomenon are obtained. There is an effect that few pictures can be obtained.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a full-screen sharp imaging system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 2, the full-screen sharp imaging system according to the present embodiment has the same area as the lens 40 including the aperture adjustment mechanism 50 and the focus adjustment mechanism 60 and the area of the image projected on the image sensor 140. The illuminance measuring means 80 and the distance measuring means 90 for measuring the illuminance for each area and the distance to the subject in the area definition diagram (FIG. 4) divided into sections, and a divided measurement storage table 100 for entering the measurement results (FIG. 5) Based on the measured value sorted table 110 (FIG. 6) in which the table is sorted in ascending order of the distance, and the intrinsic performance values of the table, the lens of this lens, and the image pickup device, the microcomputer calculates in consideration of the theory of FIG. Frame number photographing instruction table 120, an image memory 150 (image frame) photographed based on this table, and each image described in the frame number instruction table. Region, eventually by cutting and pasting the partial image data to be effectively utilized, and a final store storage medium 180 in the imaging device.
[0013]
Here, the illuminance measuring means 80 is realized by an illuminometer that is mounted on a camera in addition to the imaging device. Alternatively, the present invention is also realized in a light receiving element arranged in an array on the other focal plane where the optical path toward the image sensor is branched by a half mirror.
[0014]
Further, the distance measuring means is realized by using an infrared distance meter or an ultrasonic distance meter arranged in an array.
[0015]
As the imaging device, a charge coupled device (CCD) or a CMOS image sensor is used.
[0016]
As a final storage recording medium in the imaging device, CF, SD, a memory stick, or the like used in a digital camera is used.
[0017]
The shooting process is described in the flowchart of FIG.
When the shutter is half-pressed, the steps S2 to S13 of the half-press process are executed, and the image is written in the plurality of image cache memories.
[0018]
When the button is fully pressed, the area number described in the frame image shooting instruction table (generated in step S8) is picked up, and the partial image is finally attached to the medium to be recorded on the digital camera by the tile attaching method. When all the frames for one frame are completed, image data compression processing such as JPEG compression is performed, and the data is written to a medium.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As shown in FIG. 1, the focus of the subject has a problem that the smaller the F-number, that is, the brighter the lens, the narrower the fitting range becomes. At the expense of resolution, the lens was squeezed for shooting, but shooting with the method of the present invention provides a clear picture of the entire screen and proper exposure. Is possible with one large photo. Further, since the number of frames is calculated based on the measurement data, an effective photograph can be obtained in a short processing time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram relating to focusing and out-of-focus according to a problem to be solved by the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of photographing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a screen equal division area (25 division example)
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of information division of a drawing area of the image sensor 140 according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a divided measurement storage table 100;
It is explanatory drawing of the measurement result table of the illuminance measuring means 80 and the distance measuring means 90 which concern on embodiment.
FIG. 6 shows a measured value sorted table 110.
It is explanatory drawing of the table which sorted the measured value of the distance and illuminance for every division measurement area which concerns on the embodiment example in the ascending order of distance and the descending order of illuminance.
FIG. 7 is a frame number photographing instruction table 120;
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a table showing shooting conditions of frames to be shot, obtained as a result of a calculation performed by the microcomputer 30 according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
20 shutter button 30 microcomputer (central processing unit)
40 Lens 50 Aperture adjustment mechanism 60 Focus adjustment mechanism 70 Shutter mechanism 80 Illuminance measurement means 90 Distance measurement means 100 Divided measurement storage table 110 Measured value sorted table 120 Frame number shooting instruction table 130 Focus adjustment / aperture adjustment / shutter adjustment mechanism 120 140 Image memory (temporary storage of image data for each frame number)
160 Extraction processing from image memory only for 120 effective ranges 170 Image synthesis (tiling method) and image compression processing of synthesized image 180 Recording processing to final storage medium inside imaging device

Claims (3)

被写体を捉えるレンズとその映像を電気信号として捕らえる撮像素子と被写体迄の距離を測定する距離計測手段と被写体照度を測定する照度測定手段を設けた撮像装置及び、この撮像素子が捕らえた撮像電気信号の画像処理を行う中央処理装置を備えたマイクロコンピュータ(以下マイコンと略称)から構成される画像撮影装置において、鮮明画像を得るために、シャッター半押し操作で焦点調整及び露光条件が異なる複数フレームを画像メモリに蓄え、シャッター押し切り(全押し)操作で、前期複数フレームからの良好像域の切り出し、撮像装置内最終保管記憶媒体への張り合わせ合成を行うことを特徴とする撮影システム。An imaging device provided with a lens that captures an object, an image sensor that captures an image of the image as an electric signal, a distance measurement unit that measures the distance to the object, and an illuminance measurement unit that measures the illuminance of the object, and an imaging electric signal captured by the image sensor In order to obtain a clear image, a plurality of frames having different focus adjustment and exposure conditions by half-pressing the shutter are used in an image photographing apparatus including a microcomputer having a central processing unit (hereinafter, abbreviated as a microcomputer) for performing image processing. An imaging system, wherein the image is stored in an image memory, a good image area is cut out from a plurality of frames in the previous period, and the image is stuck to a final storage medium in the image pickup device by a shutter release (full press) operation. 前記複数フレームからの良好像域の切り出しを簡易的に実現するため、フレームを等面積微小長方形領域に分割し、分割領域毎の距離計測手段、照度計測手段を同時並列処理して、前記マイコンの中央処理装置に伝送し、計測手段から送信された区分距離データ、区分照度データを元に、中央処理装置で、現在撮像装置にセットした状態にあるレンズの解像度と撮像素子の解像度を元に何フレーム撮影すれば1駒の鮮明画像が得られるかの演算処理を行い、そのデータを元に前期複数フレームデータを蓄積採取することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撮影システム。In order to easily realize the extraction of a good image area from the plurality of frames, the frame is divided into small rectangular areas having the same area, and a distance measuring unit and an illuminance measuring unit for each divided region are simultaneously processed in parallel, and Based on the section distance data and the section illuminance data transmitted from the central processing unit and transmitted from the measuring unit, the central processing unit determines the resolution based on the resolution of the lens currently set in the imaging apparatus and the resolution of the image sensor. 2. The photographing system according to claim 1, wherein arithmetic processing is performed to determine whether a clear image of one frame can be obtained by photographing a frame, and the plurality of frame data are accumulated and collected based on the data. 鮮明画像を得る為に、レンズ解像度のなるだけ良好な状態すなわち絞り開放に近い状態のフレーム撮影を優先する制御機能を中央処理装置に持つことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撮影システム。2. The photographing system according to claim 1, wherein the central processing unit has a control function of giving priority to frame photographing in a state in which the lens resolution is as good as possible, that is, in a state close to an open aperture, in order to obtain a clear image.
JP2002366647A 2002-12-18 2002-12-18 Whole image plane sharply shooting system Pending JP2004200993A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007322921A (en) * 2006-06-02 2007-12-13 Canon Inc Imaging system and device, and method of controlling imaging device
JP2008236547A (en) * 2007-03-22 2008-10-02 Nikon Corp Imaging apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007322921A (en) * 2006-06-02 2007-12-13 Canon Inc Imaging system and device, and method of controlling imaging device
JP2008236547A (en) * 2007-03-22 2008-10-02 Nikon Corp Imaging apparatus

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