JP2004198862A - Method of forming image, image forming apparatus and toner for electrostatic charge image development - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of forming image by which a document having high gloss of an image and excellent storage property can be obtained and excellent transparency for an OHP (overhead projector) can be obtained, and to provide an image forming apparatus and toner for electrostatic charge development. <P>SOLUTION: The method of forming image includes processes of: forming an electrostatic charge image on the surface of an electrostatic charge image carrying body; developing the electrostatic charge image on the surface of a developer carrying body with a developer containing toner to form a toner image; transferring the toner image to the surface of a recording material; and thermally fixing the toner image. The method of forming image is characterized in that the toner comprises at least a binder resin, a coloring agent and two or more kinds of release agents having different melting points and satisfies conditions (a), (b) and (c). The method is characterized in that the process speed ranges from 280 to 560 mm/s and the heating time for the above thermal fixing is ≥5.0×10<SP>-2</SP>second. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０１７２】
表１に示すように、実施例の現像剤を用いた場合には、本発明の画像形成方法で評価した場合には、定着画像の光沢やドキュメントの保管性に優れていることがわかった。一方、比較例の現像剤を用いた場合には、高速プロセスでの評価では、画像光沢が十分でなかったり、保管時における画像同士の付着が発生し、著しく劣る結果となった。
【０１７３】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、高光沢紙を用いても、高速プロセスで用紙グロスと同等の高光沢画像を得ることができ、ドキュメント保管性に優れた画像形成方法、画像形成装置、静電荷現像用トナーを提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に用いられる画像形成装置の一例を示す概略断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１Ｙ、１Ｍ、１Ｃ、１Ｋ 感光体ドラム（静電荷像担持体）
３Ｙ、３Ｍ、３Ｃ、３Ｋ 潜像形成手段
４Ｙ、４Ｍ、４Ｃ、４Ｋ 現像器
５Ｙ、５Ｍ、５Ｃ、５Ｋ 一次転写ロール
６Ｙ、６Ｍ、６Ｃ、６Ｋ クリーニング手段
１１ 駆動ロール
１２ 支持ロール
１３ バックアップロール
１４ 二次転写ロール
１５ 中間転写ベルト
１６ 被記録体
１７ 清掃部材
１８ 定着器
２０Ｙ、２０Ｍ、２０Ｃ、２０Ｋ 帯電器（帯電手段）
４０Ｙ、４０Ｍ、４０Ｃ、４０Ｋ 現像ユニット[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an image forming method using an electrophotographic method or an electrostatic recording method, an image forming apparatus, and an electrostatic charge developing toner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Methods for visualizing image information via an electrostatic image, such as electrophotography, are currently used in various fields. In electrophotography, an electrostatic image is formed on the surface of a photoreceptor by a charging and exposing process, and the electrostatic image includes an electrostatic image developing toner (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “toner”). An electrostatic image is developed with an image developer (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as “developer”), and is visualized through a transfer and fixing process.
[0003]
The developer used here includes a two-component developer composed of a toner and a carrier, and a one-component developer using a magnetic toner or a non-magnetic toner alone. The method for producing the toner is usually a thermoplastic resin. Is melt-kneaded together with a releasing agent such as a pigment, a charge controlling agent, and a wax, cooled, finely pulverized, and then classified to form a kneading and pulverizing method. To these toners, if necessary, inorganic or organic fine particles for improving fluidity or cleaning properties may be added to the surface of the toner particles.
[0004]
In recent years, the use of color electrophotographic copiers, printers, and multifunction machines such as facsimile machines and the like has been remarkably widespread, but when realizing appropriate gloss in color image reproduction and transparency for obtaining excellent OHP images It is generally difficult to use a release agent such as wax. For this reason, a large amount of oil is applied to the fixing roll to assist in peeling, so that the sticky feeling of the copy image including the OHP and the additional writing to the image using a pen or the like become difficult, and the uneven glossiness is generated. Often. On the other hand, waxes such as polyethylene, polypropylene, paraffin and the like commonly used in ordinary black and white copying are more difficult to use because they impair OHP transparency.
[0005]
Further, for example, even if transparency is sacrificed, it is difficult to suppress exposure of a release agent to a toner surface by a conventional toner manufacturing method by a kneading and pulverizing method. This causes problems such as deterioration of fluidity and filming on a developing device and a photoreceptor.
[0006]
As a fundamental improvement method of these problems, an oil phase composed of a monomer as a raw material of a resin and a colorant is dispersed in an aqueous phase and directly polymerized to form a toner. There has been proposed a production method by a polymerization method in which exposure to the surface is controlled by being included in the film.
[0007]
In addition, as a means for intentionally controlling the shape and surface structure of a toner, a method for producing a toner by an emulsion polymerization aggregation method has been proposed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). These are generally prepared by preparing a resin dispersion by emulsion polymerization or the like, preparing a colorant dispersion in which a colorant is dispersed in a solvent, mixing and forming an aggregate corresponding to the toner particle size, and heating. This is a manufacturing method for fusing and coalescing toner.
[0008]
These manufacturing methods not only realize the inclusion of the wax, but also facilitate the reduction in the diameter of the toner, thereby enabling higher resolution and clearer image reproduction.
[0009]
On the other hand, in recent years, a role as a small number of printing presses is expected with the increase in speed of color copying and printers. When used as a printing press, compared to office use, long-term storage of documents in various environments and compatibility with various types of paper are required. It is essential that there is no difference in gloss between the image and the developed image.
[0010]
However, to obtain a high-gloss image, it is necessary to obtain a smooth fixed image surface.However, when a smooth image is compared with an image having irregularities, the contact area of the image increases, so that A high-gloss fixed image similar to such high gloss could not be compatible with high temperature and long-term storage.
[0011]
In addition, conventional copiers and printers intended for office use could adopt a method of obtaining a glossy image by reducing the paper passing speed by providing a thick paper mode, but presuming high productivity. In a printing press, this method cannot be used.
[0012]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-63-282752
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-250439
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology.
That is, the present invention provides an image forming method, an image forming apparatus, and an electrostatic charge developing method that can obtain a document having an image with high gloss, excellent storage stability, and excellent transparency with respect to OHP. It is intended to provide a toner for use.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology.
That is, the present invention
<1> a step of forming an electrostatic image on the surface of the electrostatic image carrier, a step of developing the electrostatic image on the surface of the developer carrier with a developer containing toner to form a toner image, and a step of forming the toner image Transferring the toner image onto the surface of a recording medium, and thermally fixing the toner image, wherein the toner has at least two kinds of toners having different melting points from a binder resin, a colorant and a melting point. A mold agent, satisfy the following conditions (a), (b), and (c), have a process speed in the range of 280 to 560 mm / s, and have a heating time of 5.0 for the heat fixing. × 10 ^-2 The image forming method is characterized in that the time is equal to or longer than seconds.
[0015]
(A) The volume average particle size D50v of the toner is in the range of 3 to 8 μm, and the volume average particle size distribution index GSDv is 1.25 or less.
(B) The weight average molecular weight Mw of the binder resin is in the range of 6,000 to 45,000.
(C) Among the two or more release agents, the melting point α of the release agent having the lowest melting point is in the range of 90 to 115 ° C., and the melting point of the other at least one high melting point agent is 1 .3α to 2.1α ° C.
[0016]
<2> means for forming an electrostatic image on the surface of the electrostatic image carrier, means for developing the electrostatic image on the surface of the developer carrier with a developer containing toner to form a toner image, and the toner image And a means for thermally fixing the toner image, wherein the toner comprises at least a binder resin, a colorant, and two or more release agents. And the following conditions (a), (b) and (c) are satisfied, the process speed is in the range of 280 to 560 mm / s, and the heating time during the heat fixing is 5.0 × 10 ^-2 The image forming apparatus is characterized in that the time is equal to or longer than seconds.
[0017]
(A) The volume average particle size D50v of the toner is in the range of 3 to 8 μm, and the volume average particle size distribution index GSDv is 1.25 or less.
(B) The weight average molecular weight Mw of the binder resin is in the range of 6,000 to 45,000.
(C) Among the two or more release agents, the melting point α of the release agent having the lowest melting point is in the range of 90 to 115 ° C., and the melting point of the other at least one high melting point agent is 1 .3α to 2.1α ° C.
[0018]
<3> An electrostatic image developing toner comprising at least a binder resin, a colorant, and two or more release agents, wherein the toner has the following conditions (a), (b), and (c): Is a toner for developing an electrostatic image.
[0019]
(A) The volume average particle size D50v of the toner is in the range of 3 to 8 μm, and the volume average particle size distribution index GSDv is 1.25 or less.
(B) The weight average molecular weight Mw of the binder resin is in the range of 6,000 to 45,000.
(C) Among the two or more release agents, the melting point α of the release agent having the lowest melting point is in the range of 90 to 115 ° C., and the melting point of the other at least one high melting point agent is 1 .3α to 2.1α ° C.
[0020]
The domain diameter of the release agent in the toner is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.8 μm. Further, the molecular weight distribution represented by the ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw to the number average molecular weight Mn of the binder resin is preferably 3.3 or less.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
<Image forming method>
In the image forming method of the present invention, the toner comprises at least a binder resin, a colorant, and two or more release agents, and satisfies the following conditions (a), (b), and (c): The process speed is in the range of 280 to 560 mm / s, and the heating time for fixing is 5.0 × 10 5 ^-2 Seconds or more.
[0022]
(A) The volume average particle size D50v of the toner is in the range of 3 to 8 μm, and the volume average particle size distribution index GSDv is 1.25 or less.
(B) The weight average molecular weight of the binder resin is in the range of 6,000 to 45,000.
(C) Among the two or more release agents, the melting point α of the release agent having the lowest melting point is in the range of 90 to 115 ° C, and the melting point of at least one other release agent is 1.3α to 2. It must be in the range of α ° C.
[0023]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to improve the above-described problem. As a result, in order to obtain an image having high gloss and high storability, a releasing agent having a high melting point is present on the surface of a fixed image, and It is necessary to expose the release agent having the melting point uniformly on the surface of the fixed image. For this purpose, a heating time for the fixing device to apply heat to the unfixed image and a release time for assisting the movement of the high melting point release agent are required. It was found that the mold was an important factor.
[0024]
That is, in order to obtain a high gloss image, it is necessary to impart excellent smoothness to the surface of the fixed image. It is easier to obtain smoothness by increasing the fixing temperature and lowering the viscoelasticity of the toner.However, in image formation at a high process speed, it is important how the release agent seeps out onto the fixed image surface to obtain a smooth image. As for the exudation of the release agent onto the image surface, the fixing time is effective, but the heating time is more important.
[0025]
In the image forming method of the present invention, the process speed needs to be in the range of 280 to 560 mm / s, and more preferably in the range of 280 to 480 mm / s. Within such a range of the process speed, the effects of the present invention are sufficiently exhibited.
[0026]
When a developer specified by the present invention described later is used, the heating time during fixing is 5.0 × 10 ^-2 Requires more than a second. The heating time is 5.5 × 10 ^-2 More preferably, it is not less than seconds. The heating time was 5.0 × 10 ^-2 Although there is no problem in the present invention as long as it is longer than 12 seconds, the process speed in the present invention is 120.0 × 10 ^-2 If the heating time is longer than a second, the fixing device becomes long and not very practical.
[0027]
In the present invention, the heating time refers to the time from the time when the unfixed toner image comes into contact with the fixing member and heat is applied to the fixed image to the time when the fixed image is peeled off from the fixing member. In the present invention, the process speed can be obtained by dividing the nip width of the fixing device by the heating time.
[0028]
The toner contained in the developer used in the present invention comprises at least a binder resin, a colorant, and two or more release agents having different melting points.
When the fixed image is stored in a high-temperature environment, the durability of the material forming the outermost surface layer of the fixed image to high temperatures affects the durability of the fixed image to high temperatures. In the case of a developer to which a release agent has been added, the outermost layer of the fixed image is covered with a release agent layer, but from the viewpoint of storability, the release agent layer may be composed of a high melting point release agent. It is advantageous.
[0029]
Generally, a high melting point release agent tends to have a higher viscosity at the same temperature than a low melting point release agent, and when only a high melting point release agent is added to a developer, a binder resin and a high melting point release agent are added. Since there is a difference in melt viscosity with the binder, there is no temperature region where the respective areas suitable for fixing the binder resin and the high melting point release agent overlap, and when the temperature is adjusted to the binder resin, the high melting point release agent The viscosity is too high to fix the surface of the fixed image with the release agent layer.When the temperature is adjusted to the high melting point release agent temperature, the viscosity of the binder resin becomes too low, the cohesive force becomes weak, and hot offset occurs. Would.
[0030]
Thus, in the present invention, by using a relatively low melting point release agent and a high melting point release agent in combination, the fixed image surface can be covered in a lower temperature region compared to the case of using a high melting point release agent alone. Was made possible.
[0031]
The release agent having a relatively low melting point is the release agent having the lowest melting point among two or more types of release agents having different melting points contained in the toner of the present invention. It must be in the range of 115 ° C. Further, the melting point α is more preferably in the range of 97 to 112 ° C.
[0032]
If the melting point α is less than 90 ° C., the toner is partially melted even at a normal temperature, so that the fluidity of the toner is reduced and filming on a photosensitive member or the like occurs. In addition, the difference in viscosity between the high-melting point release agent and the high-melting point release agent is too large at the fixing temperature, and the two parts are separated from each other, so that the high-melting point release agent cannot be uniformly present on the surface of the fixed image. If the melting point α exceeds 115 ° C., the viscosity itself at the fixing temperature increases, and the release agent having the high melting point cannot be uniformly present on the surface of the fixed image.
[0033]
On the other hand, in the toner of the present invention, in addition to the low melting point release agent, at least one high melting point release agent is contained, and the melting point of the high melting point release agent is 1.3α to It must be in the range of 2.1α ° C. The melting point of the high melting point release agent is more preferably in the range of 1.5α to 1.9α ° C.
[0034]
If the melting point is less than 1.3α ° C., the melting point is too low to ensure the storage stability of the toner, and the facing document tends to adhere at a high temperature. On the other hand, when the temperature exceeds 2.1α ° C., the release agent having a high melting point is melted, so that the fixing temperature becomes high. In addition, the viscosity of the release agent on the low melting point side is too different from the viscosity of the release agent on melting, resulting in separation.
[0035]
The domain diameter of the release agent in the toner is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.8 μm. Further, the range is more preferably from 1.0 μm to 1.4 μm.
When the domain diameter is less than 0.8 μm, the release agent is less likely to exude even if the heating time is sufficient, and when the domain diameter is more than 1.8 μm, the release agent is easily exposed on the toner surface and is exposed. The release agent makes it easier for the external additive to be buried, so that the photoreceptor and the carrier are more likely to be filmed, causing contamination in the apparatus.
[0036]
The domain is a domain in which two or more release agents contained in the toner are mixed, and the domain diameter can be measured by observing a cross section of the toner with a transmission electron microscope.
[0037]
Hereinafter, the electrostatic image developing toner used in the present invention will be described.
Regarding the particle diameter of the toner composition of the present invention, it is necessary that the volume average particle diameter D50v is in the range of 3 to 8 μm and the volume average particle size distribution index GSDv is 1.25 or less.
[0038]
The volume particle size distribution index GSDv is determined as follows. First, for example, based on the particle size distribution measured by a measuring instrument such as a Coulter Counter TAII (manufactured by Nikkaki Co., Ltd.), the volume is subtracted from the smaller particle size side by the cumulative distribution to obtain a particle size of 16% cumulative. Is defined as volume D16v, the particle size at 50% accumulation is volume D50v, and the particle size at 84% accumulation is volume D84v.
And the volume particle size distribution index GSDv is (D84v / D16v) ^1/2 Is calculated as
[0039]
When the volume average particle diameter D50v is less than 3 μm, the chargeability becomes insufficient, and scattering to the surroundings occurs to cause image fog, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 8 μm, the resolution of the image is reduced, and it is difficult to achieve high image quality. On the other hand, if the GSDv exceeds 1.25, the dispersion of the particle size distribution becomes large, and the graininess and resolution of the image may decrease, which is not preferable. In addition, since the shape distribution also tends to spread, cleaning and transfer maintaining properties may be affected, which is not preferable.
[0040]
Hereinafter, the toner used in the present invention will be described in more detail together with a preferred production method.
The toner is an aggregating step of preparing an aggregated particle dispersion by forming aggregated particles in a dispersion in which at least resin fine particles, colorant particles, and release agent particles are dispersed, and heating the aggregated particle dispersion, It is preferable to obtain a toner having a small particle size distribution having a sharp particle size distribution and obtain a high-quality image by using a wet process including a fusing step of fusing aggregated particles. Further, other steps can be included as necessary.
[0041]
In particular, it is preferable to provide a cooling step of cooling the fused aggregated particles after the fusion step. As described above, by appropriately adjusting the cooling rate in this cooling step, the average domain diameter of the release agent can be suitably controlled.
[0042]
For example, in the case of rapid cooling at about 5 ° C./min, the domain diameter becomes about the particle size of the release agent of the mixed solution, but in the case of slow cooling at 1 ° C./min or more, the releasing agents coagulate and fuse in the cooling process. Grow as a domain.
[0043]
Further, between the aggregating step and the fusing step, a step of adding and mixing a fine particle dispersion liquid in which fine particles are dispersed in the aggregated particle dispersion liquid and adhering the fine particles to the aggregated particles (adhering particles) Step) can also be provided.
[0044]
In the attaching step, the fine particle dispersion is added to and mixed with the aggregated particle dispersion prepared in the aggregation step, and the fine particles are attached to the aggregated particles to form the adhered particles. Since it corresponds to newly added particles as viewed from the aggregated particles, it may be described as “additional fine particles” in this specification. As the additional fine particles, in addition to resin fine particles, release agent fine particles, colorant fine particles, and the like may be used alone or in combination. The method of additionally mixing the fine particle dispersion is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, gradually and continuously, or may be divided into a plurality of steps and performed stepwise. In this way, by adding and mixing the fine particles (additional fine particles), the generation of fine particles can be suppressed, and the particle size distribution of the obtained toner for electrostatic image development can be sharpened, contributing to high image quality. I do.
[0045]
In addition, by providing the adhesion step, a pseudo shell structure can be formed, and the exposure of the toner surface of the internal additives such as the colorant and the release agent can be reduced, and as a result, the chargeability and the life can be improved. Can be. Furthermore, at the time of fusing in the fusing step, the particle size distribution can be maintained and its fluctuation can be suppressed, and the addition of a surfactant or a stabilizer such as a base or an acid for enhancing the stability at the time of fusing becomes unnecessary. In addition, the amount of addition thereof can be suppressed to the minimum limit, which is advantageous in that cost can be reduced and quality can be improved. In particular, in the present invention, since a release agent is used, it is preferable to add additional fine particles mainly composed of resin fine particles in the attaching step. Furthermore, if this method is used, the toner shape can be easily controlled by adjusting the temperature, the number of stirring, the pH, and the like in the fusion step.
[0046]
Examples of the resin (binder resin) used in the resin fine particle dispersion include a thermoplastic resin, and specifically, a single polymer of styrene such as styrene, parachlorostyrene, α-methylstyrene, and the like. Copolymer or copolymer (styrene resin); methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methacryl Homopolymer or copolymer (vinyl resin) of esters having a vinyl group such as n-propyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate; homopolymer of vinyl nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile Or copolymer (vinyl resin); vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl ether Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl ethers such as butyl ether (vinyl resins); homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ketone, and vinyl isopropenyl ketones (vinyl resins); ethylene, propylene, butadiene, Homopolymer or copolymer (olefin resin) of olefins such as isoprene; non-vinyl condensation resins such as epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, polyamide resin, cellulose resin, polyether resin, and non-vinyl condensation thereof And a graft polymer of a vinyl resin and a vinyl monomer. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0047]
Among these resins, vinyl resins are particularly preferred. A vinyl resin is advantageous in that a resin dispersion can be easily prepared by emulsion polymerization or seed polymerization using an ionic surfactant or the like.
Examples of the vinyl monomer include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, cinnamic acid, fumaric acid, vinylsulfonic acid, ethyleneimine, vinylpyridine, vinylamine, and other vinyl polymer acids and vinyl polymer bases And a monomer which is a raw material of the above. In the present invention, the resin fine particles preferably contain the vinyl monomer as a monomer component. Among these vinyl monomers, a vinyl polymer acid is more preferable in terms of the ease of the formation reaction of the vinyl resin, and specifically, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, cinnamic acid, fumaric acid, and the like. Dissociable vinyl monomers having a carboxyl group as a dissociating group are particularly preferred in terms of controlling the degree of polymerization and the glass transition point.
[0048]
The glass transition point of the binder resin used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 40C to 70C. More preferably, it is in the range of 45 to 60 ° C. If the glass transition point is lower than 40 ° C., the toner powder is likely to be blocked by heat, and if it is higher than 70 ° C., the fixing temperature may be too high.
[0049]
Further, the binder resin used in the present invention must have a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 6,000 to 45,000, and more preferably in the range of 6,000 to 10,000 when the binder resin is a polyester resin, In the case of (1), it is desirable to be in the range of 24000 to 36000.
[0050]
If the weight average molecular weight Mw is more than 45,000, the viscoelasticity at the time of fixing is high, and it is difficult to obtain a smooth fixed image surface required for high gloss. If the weight average molecular weight Mw is less than 6000, the melt viscosity of the toner during the fixing step And hot offset occurs due to low cohesion.
When the binder resin is a polyester resin, if the weight average molecular weight Mw exceeds 10,000, it is difficult to disperse the resin in an aqueous medium.
[0051]
The ratio Mw / Mn between the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight Mn of the binder resin used in the present invention needs to be 3.3 or less, and more preferably 2.8 or less. In order to accelerate the transfer of the release agent to the fixed image surface during fixing and obtain a smooth fixed image surface, a moderately low viscosity is advantageous, and the molecular weight distribution of the binder resin is as described above. It needs to be narrow. If Mw / Mn is larger than 3.3, it becomes difficult to obtain a smooth fixed image surface required for high gloss.
[0052]
The average particle size of the resin fine particles in the dispersion is preferably 1 μm or less, more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 1 μm. When the average particle size exceeds 1 μm, the particle size distribution of the toner particles obtained by aggregation and fusion is widened, or free particles are generated, and the performance and reliability of the toner are likely to be reduced. In the present invention, by adjusting the average particle diameter in the above range, the dispersion of the resin fine particles in the aggregated particles can be improved, and the uneven distribution of the composition between the toner particles can be suppressed. There is an advantage that variation can be suppressed low. The average particle size can be measured by, for example, a laser diffraction type particle size distribution analyzer or a Coulter counter.
[0053]
Examples of the colorant used in the toner of the present invention include, for example, carbon black, chrome yellow, Hansa yellow, benzidine yellow, slen yellow, quinoline yellow, permanent orange GTR, pyrazolone orange, vulcan orange, watch young red, permanent red, and brilliant carmine. 3B, Brilliant Carmine 6B, Dupont Oil Red, Pyrazolone Red, Risor Red, Rhodamine B Lake, Lake Red C, Rose Bengal, Aniline Blue, Ultramarine Blue, Calco Oil Blue, Methylene Blue Chloride, Phthalocyanine Blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Malaka Light Green Various pigments such as oxalate: acridine, xanthene, azo, benzoquinone, azine , Anthraquinone, dioxazine, thiazine, azomethine, indico, thioindico, phthalocyanine, aniline black, polymethine, triphenylmethane, diphenylmethane, thiazole, xanthene, etc. Can be. These colorants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0054]
The average particle size of the colorant particles using the colorant is preferably 1 μm or less, more preferably 0.5 μm, and further preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.5 μm. When the average particle size exceeds 1 μm, the particle size distribution of the finally obtained toner for electrostatic charge development is widened, and free particles are easily generated, which tends to cause deterioration in the performance and reliability of the toner.
[0055]
By adjusting the average particle size to the above range, the dispersion of the colorant into the aggregated particles is improved, and the uneven distribution of the composition between the toner particles can be suppressed. There is an advantage that it can be suppressed. By setting the average particle size to 0.5 μm or less, the color development, color reproducibility, OHP transparency and the like of the toner can be further improved.
The average particle size can be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction type particle size distribution analyzer.
[0056]
The content of the colorant in the agglomerated particles is preferably 50% by mass or less, and more preferably 2 to 20% by mass.
[0057]
The release agent used in the toner of the present invention is generally preferably poor in compatibility with the binder resin of the toner. When a release agent having a high compatibility with the binder resin is used, the release agent promotes plasticization of the binder resin by dissolving with the binder resin and lowers the viscosity of the toner at the time of high-temperature fixing, so that offset is easily generated. .
[0058]
Specific examples of the release agent include low molecular weight polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutene; silicones exhibiting a softening point upon heating; fatty acid amides such as oleamide, erucamide, ricinoleamide, and stearamide. Plant waxes such as carnauba wax, rice wax, candelilla wax, wood wax and jojoba oil; animal waxes such as beeswax; minerals such as montan wax, ozokerite, ceresin, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, Fischer-Tropsch wax.・ Ester waxes of higher fatty acids such as petroleum wax, stearyl stearate, behenyl behenate and higher alcohols; butyl stearate, propyl oleate, glyceride monostearate, distearic acid Ester waxes of higher fatty acids such as lyceride, pentaerythritol tetrabehenate and unit prices or polyhydric lower alcohols; higher fatty acids such as diethylene glycol monostearate, dipropylene glycol distearate, distearic diglyceride, tetrastearic triglyceride; Ester waxes comprising a polyhydric alcohol polymer; sorbitan higher fatty acid ester waxes such as sorbitan monostearate; and cholesterol higher fatty acid ester waxes such as cholesteryl stearate.
[0059]
The toner according to the present invention includes two or more release agents having different melting points. Among the two or more release agents, the melting point α of the release agent having the lowest melting point is in the range of 90 to 115 ° C. Yes, it is necessary that the melting point of at least one other high melting point release agent is in the range of 1.3α to 2.1α. As long as the release agent satisfies the above conditions, the same or different materials can be used.
[0060]
Among the release agents, the release agent having the lowest melting point can be arbitrarily used as long as it is within a desired melting point range. It is advantageous that the viscoelasticity is low, and it is preferable to use a synthetic wax or the like whose molecular weight distribution can be controlled.
[0061]
As the high melting point release agent, a polyolefin-based or oil-based synthetic wax is preferable, and a polyolefin-based metallocene catalyst-based polyethylene wax or polypropylene is particularly preferable.
[0062]
When three or more types of release agents are used, one or more types other than the above two types (low melting point and high melting point) preferably have a melting point of 150 ° C. or less, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 130 ° C. Is more preferable.
[0063]
The amount of the release agent in the toner is preferably in the range of 6 to 25% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 9 to 20% by weight.
When the total amount is less than 6% by mass, the absolute amount of the high melting point release agent is insufficient, so that even at the following compounding ratio, the fixed image is transferred to the facing paper or image by heat or pressure, that is, so-called. Document offset occurs. When the total amount exceeds 25% by mass, the viscoelasticity of the toner melted at the time of fixing is extremely reduced, hot offset occurs, or the release agent does not penetrate into the OHP, and the release agent adheres to the fixing roll. A phenomenon called wax offset occurs in which a trace of the release agent remains on the OHP even after the second rotation.
[0064]
In addition, the ratio of the release agent having the lowest melting point is preferably in the range of 30 to 80% by mass, more preferably in the range of 35 to 65% by mass of the total amount of the release agent. If the amount of the release agent is less than 30% by mass, the viscoelasticity of the release agent is dominant, and the viscoelasticity of the release agent on the high melting point side is dominant, so that the release agent may not transfer to the surface of the fixed image, If it exceeds 80% by mass, the high-melting-point release agent layer may cover the high-melting-point releasing agent layer at the time of fixing, and the effect of the high-melting-point releasing agent may be negated.
[0065]
In addition, the ratio of the high melting point release agent is preferably in the range of 30 to 70% by mass, more preferably in the range of 35 to 55% by mass, based on the total amount of the release agent. When the amount of the high melting point release agent exceeds 70% by mass, it does not easily migrate to the surface of the fixed image and cannot sufficiently cover the surface of the fixed image. Not enough as absolute amount.
[0066]
Further, for example, when two kinds of low melting point and high melting point are used as the releasing agent, the ratio (A / B) of the mass A of the low melting point releasing agent to be blended and the mass B of the high melting point releasing agent is added. ) Is preferably in the range of 4/1 to 2/3, more preferably in the range of 3/1 to 5/6.
[0067]
The average particle size of the release agent particles in the dispersion using the release agent is preferably 2 μm or less, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 μm. If the average particle size exceeds 2 μm, the particle size distribution of the finally obtained toner for electrostatic charge development is widened, or free particles are easily generated, and the performance and reliability of the toner are liable to be reduced.
[0068]
In the present invention, by adjusting the average particle diameter in the above range, there is an advantage that uneven distribution of the composition between toner particles can be suppressed, and variations in toner performance and reliability can be suppressed.
The average particle size can be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device, a centrifugal type particle size distribution measuring device, or the like.
[0069]
In the present invention, in addition to the resin fine particle dispersion, the colorant dispersion, the release agent dispersion, and the like, if necessary, an internal additive, a charge control agent, inorganic fine particles, organic fine particles, a lubricant, an abrasive, etc. Can be added. The addition method may be such that the fine particles may be dispersed in a resin fine particle dispersion, a colorant dispersion, and a release agent dispersion, or a resin fine particle dispersion, a colorant dispersion, and a release agent dispersion may be mixed. A dispersion obtained by dispersing the fine particles may be added to and mixed with the resulting mixture.
[0070]
Examples of the internal additive include metals such as ferrite, magnetite, reduced iron, cobalt, manganese, and nickel, alloys, and magnetic substances such as compounds containing these metals.
[0071]
Examples of the charge control agent include a quaternary ammonium salt compound, a nigrosine compound, a dye composed of a complex of aluminum, iron, chromium, and the like, and a triphenolmethane pigment. In the present invention, the charge control agent is added for the purpose of controlling the ionic strength which affects the stability at the time of aggregation, adhesion, fusion and the like, and for the purpose of reducing wastewater contamination. The charge control agent is preferably of a material that is hardly soluble in water.
[0072]
As the inorganic fine particles, for example, external additives for toner such as silica, titania, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, tricalcium phosphate, and cerium oxide can be used. Further, as the organic fine particles, for example, an external additive for a toner such as a vinyl resin, a polyester resin, and a silicone resin can be used. In addition, these inorganic fine particles and organic fine particles can be used as a flow aid and a cleaning aid.
[0073]
Examples of the lubricant include fatty acid amides such as ethylene bisstearic acid amide and oleic acid amide, and fatty acid metal salts such as zinc stearate and calcium stearate. Examples of the abrasive include silica, alumina, cerium oxide and the like.
[0074]
The average particle diameter of these internal additives, charge control agents, inorganic fine particles, organic fine particles, lubricants, abrasives and other fine particles is preferably 1 μm or less, more preferably 0.01 to 1 μm. When the average particle size exceeds 1 μm, the particle size distribution of the finally obtained toner for electrostatic charge development is widened, and free particles are easily generated, which tends to cause deterioration in the performance and reliability of the toner. In the present invention, by adjusting the average particle diameter in the above range, there is an advantage that uneven distribution of the composition between toner particles can be suppressed, and variations in toner performance and reliability can be suppressed.
The average particle size can be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device, a centrifugal type particle size distribution measuring device, or the like.
[0075]
These fine particles can be appropriately added as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. However, generally, the amount is very small, and specifically, a range of 0.01 to 5% by mass is preferable. The range of 0.01 to 3% by mass is more preferable.
[0076]
Using the above materials, in the aggregation step, at least a resin fine particle dispersion, a colorant particle dispersion, and a release agent particle dispersion, were adjusted by adding and mixing other components as necessary. The dispersion liquid is heated in a temperature range from room temperature to about 5 ° C. above the glass transition temperature of the resin while stirring, whereby the resin fine particles and the colorant are aggregated to form aggregated particles.
[0077]
In the aggregating step, the resin particles in the resin fine particle dispersion, the colorant particle dispersion, and, if necessary, the resin particles in the release agent particle dispersion are aggregated to form aggregated particles. The agglomerated particles are formed by heteroaggregation or the like. For the purpose of stabilizing the agglomerated particles and controlling the particle size / particle size distribution, an ionic surfactant having a polarity different from that of the agglomerated particles or a monovalent or higher charge such as a metal salt is used. It is formed by adding a compound having.
[0078]
In the aggregating step, agglomerated particles are generated by a change in pH, and the particle size of the particles can be adjusted. At the same time, an aggregating agent may be added as a method for stably and rapidly aggregating the particles or for obtaining agglomerated particles having a narrower particle size distribution.
[0079]
As the aggregating agent, compounds having a charge of at least one valence are preferable, and specific examples thereof include ionic surfactants, water-soluble surfactants such as nonionic surfactants, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and acetic acid. , Oxalic acid and other acids, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, aluminum sulfate, calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum nitrate, silver nitrate, copper sulfate, metal salts of inorganic acids such as sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium formate, sodium oxalate, phthalate Aliphatic acids such as sodium salts, potassium salicylates, etc., metal salts of aromatic acids, metal salts of phenols such as sodium phenolate, metal salts of amino acids, aliphatic and aromatic compounds such as triethanolamine hydrochloride and aniline hydrochloride Examples thereof include inorganic acid salts of amines.
[0080]
More preferably, metal salts of inorganic acids such as magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, aluminum sulfate, calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum nitrate, silver nitrate, copper sulfate, and sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium formate, sodium oxalate, sodium phthalate, and salicylic acid It is an inorganic or organic metal salt such as an aliphatic acid such as potassium, and more preferably a polyvalent inorganic metal salt such as aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum chloride, or magnesium chloride is used for the stability of agglomerated particles and the heat of an aggregating agent. And stability with time, removal during washing, and the like.
[0081]
The addition amount of these coagulants varies depending on the valence of the charge, but each is a small amount, and is about 3% by mass or less in the case of monovalent, and 1% by mass or less in the case of divalent with respect to the resin fine particles. And in the case of trivalent, about 0.5% by mass or less. Since a smaller amount of the coagulant is preferable, a compound having a higher valence is preferable.
The volume average particle diameter of the aggregated particles is preferably in the range of 2 to 9 μm.
[0082]
Resin fine particles (additional fine particles) may be additionally added to the aggregated particles thus formed to form a coating layer on the surface of the aggregated particles (adhering step). Next, heat treatment is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature of the resin, generally 70 to 120 ° C. to fuse the aggregated particles to obtain a toner particle-containing liquid (toner particle dispersion). Then, if necessary, in a cooling step, the toner particle-containing liquid (toner particle dispersion) is cooled. Next, the obtained toner particle-containing liquid is treated by centrifugation or suction filtration to separate the toner particles, and washed with ion-exchanged water 1 to 3 times. At this time, the cleaning effect can be further enhanced by adjusting the pH. Thereafter, the toner particles are separated by filtration, washed 1-3 times with ion exchanged water, and dried to obtain a toner.
[0083]
In the present invention, various resin powders or inorganic compounds may be added as external additives to the surface of the toner particles as a fluidity improver. As the resin powder, spherical particles of PMMA, nylon, melamine, benzoguanamine, and fluororesin can be used. Various known inorganic compounds include, for example, SiO 2 _Two , TiO _Two , Al _Two O _Three , MgO, CuO, ZnO, SnO _Two , CeO _Two , Fe _Two O _Three , BaO, CaO, K _Two O, Na _Two O, ZrO _Two , CaO ・ SiO _Two , CaCO _Three , K _Two O (TiO _Two ) _n , MgCO _Three , Al _Two O _Three ・ 2SiO _Two , BaSO _Four , MgSO _Four And the like, preferably SiO 2 _Two , TiO _Two , Al _Two O _Three However, the present invention is not limited to these, and one or more of these may be used in combination. The particle size is preferably 0.1 μm or less, and the amount of the external additive can be used in the range of 0.1 to 20% by mass based on the toner particles.
[0084]
The component composition of the toner can be selected according to the purpose. It may be used alone as a one-component developer, or it may be used as a two-component developer in combination with a carrier. It is preferably used as a two-component developer.
[0085]
The carrier used here is not particularly limited, and a carrier known per se can be used.
Next, a resin-coated carrier will be described as a specific example of the carrier. As the core particles (core material) of the carrier, ordinary iron powder, ferrite, magnetite moldings and the like can be used, and the volume average particle diameter D50v is suitably in the range of 30 to 200 μm.
[0086]
Examples of the coating resin for the core particles include styrenes such as styrene, parachlorostyrene and α-methylstyrene; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, Α-methylene fatty acid monocarboxylic acids such as methyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate; nitrogen-containing acrylics such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; vinyl nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile Vinyl pyridines such as vinyl methyl ether and vinyl isobutyl ether; vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ketone and vinyl isopropenyl ketone Tons, ethylene, olefins such as propylene, vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluorine-containing monomers such as tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoroethylene; homopolymers, or copolymers of two or more monomers, Examples include silicones such as methyl silicone and methyl phenyl silicone, polyesters containing bisphenol, glycol, and the like, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, polyamide resins, cellulose resins, polyether resins, and polycarbonate resins.
[0087]
These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the coating resin used is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3.0 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the core particles.
[0088]
For the production of the carrier, a heating-type kneader, a heating-type Henschel mixer, a UM mixer, or the like can be used. Depending on the amount of the coating resin, a heating-type fluidized-rolling bed, a heating-type kiln, or the like can be used. The mixing ratio between the toner and the carrier in the developer used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
[0089]
The image forming method according to the present invention includes a step of forming an electrostatic image on the surface of the electrostatic image carrier, and developing the electrostatic image on the surface of the developer carrier with an electrostatic image developer containing toner to form a toner image. An image forming method includes a forming step, a step of transferring a toner image to a surface of a recording medium, and a step of thermally fixing the toner image. Each step except the fixing step is a general step itself, and is described in, for example, JP-A-56-40868, JP-A-49-91231, and the like. It is possible. The image forming method of the present invention can be carried out by using a known image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a facsimile machine, and a printer. In the step of transferring the toner image onto the transfer member, the toner image on the electrostatic image carrier may be directly transferred to the recording member, or the recording member may be transferred via the intermediate transfer member. Transfer may be performed.
[0090]
<Image forming apparatus>
Next, the image forming apparatus of the present invention will be described.
The image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes a unit configured to form an electrostatic image on the surface of the electrostatic image carrier, and a unit configured to develop the electrostatic image on the surface of the developer carrier using a developer containing toner to form a toner image. And a unit for transferring the toner image onto a recording medium surface, and a unit for thermally fixing the toner image, wherein the toner is the toner described in the image forming method of the present invention. The process speed is in the range of 280 to 560 mm / s, and the heating time at the time of heat fixing is 5.0 × 10 ^-2 Seconds or more.
[0091]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a preferred example of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.
The image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is a tandem type image forming apparatus having a plurality of developing units, and each component is not limited. Hereinafter, the image forming apparatus will be described.
[0092]
In the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 1, four developing units 40Y, 40M, 40C, and 40K for forming images of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, respectively, are arranged in parallel (tandem form) at predetermined intervals. To). Here, the developing units 40Y, 40M, 40C, and 40K have basically the same configuration except for the difference in the color of the toner in the contained developer. Let me explain.
[0093]
The yellow developing unit 40Y includes a photoconductor drum (electrostatic image carrier) 1Y as an image carrier, and the photoconductor drum 1Y has an axis perpendicular to the plane of FIG. And is rotationally driven at a predetermined speed along the direction of arrow A shown in the figure. As the photoconductor drum 1Y, for example, an organic photoconductor having sensitivity in an infrared region is used.
[0094]
A roll charger type charger 20Y is provided above the photosensitive drum 1Y in FIG. 1, and a predetermined voltage is applied to the charger 20Y by a power supply (not shown), and the surface of the photosensitive drum 1Y is It is charged to a predetermined potential (the same applies to the chargers 20M, 20C, 20K and the photosensitive drums 1M, 1C, 1K).
[0095]
Forming an electrostatic latent image around the photoconductor drum 1Y on the surface of the photoconductor drum 1Y by performing image exposure on the downstream side in the rotation direction of the photoconductor drum 1Y from the charger 20Y. Means 3Y is arranged. Here, as the electrostatic image forming means 3Y, an LED array which can be reduced in size due to space limitations is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other latent image forming means using a laser beam or the like may be used. There is no problem if used.
[0096]
Around the photosensitive drum 1Y, a yellow developing unit 4Y is disposed downstream of the latent image forming unit 3Y in the rotation direction of the photosensitive drum 1Y, and is formed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1Y. The electrostatic charge image is visualized by yellow toner to form a toner image on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1Y.
[0097]
An intermediate transfer belt 15 that primarily transfers a toner image formed on the surface of the photoconductor drum 1Y under the photoconductor drum 1Y in FIG. 1 extends below the four photoconductor drums 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. The intermediate transfer belt 15 is pressed against the surface of the photosensitive drum 1Y by the primary transfer roll 5Y. Further, the intermediate transfer belt 15 is stretched by driving means including three rolls of a driving roll 11, a support roll 12, and a backup roll 13, and moves in the direction of arrow B at a moving speed equal to the speed of the photosensitive drum 1Y. It is supposed to be. Then, in addition to the yellow toner image primarily transferred as described above, magenta, cyan, and black toner images are sequentially primary-transferred and stacked on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 15.
[0098]
Further, around the photosensitive drum 1Y, the toner remaining on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1Y and the re-transferred toner are cleaned downstream of the primary transfer roller 5Y in the rotation direction (the direction of the arrow A) of the photosensitive drum 1Y. A cleaning means 6Y composed of a cleaning blade for cleaning is provided, and the cleaning blade in the cleaning means 6Y is attached to the surface of the photosensitive drum 1Y so as to abut in the counter direction.
[0099]
A secondary transfer roll 14 is pressed against the backup roll 13 that stretches the intermediate transfer belt 15 via the intermediate transfer belt 15, and the toner image that is primarily transferred and stacked on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 15 is transferred to the backup roll 13. It is configured to electrostatically transfer to a nip portion between the secondary transfer roll 13 and the secondary transfer roll 14 on the surface of the recording medium 16 supplied from a paper cassette (not shown).
[0100]
Further, on the outer periphery of the intermediate transfer belt 15, a cleaning member 17 for the intermediate transfer belt is disposed at a position substantially corresponding to the surface of the drive roll 11 so as to contact the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 15.
[0101]
In addition, below the drive roll 11 of the intermediate transfer belt 15 in FIG. 1, the toner image multiplex-transferred onto the surface of the recording medium 16 is transferred to the surface of the recording medium 16 by heat and pressure to form a permanent image. Fixing device 18 is disposed.
[0102]
The fixing device used as the fixing device 18 in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the relationship between the process speed and the heating time described above can be satisfied, and a fixing device known per se can be used. .
[0103]
It is preferable to provide a release layer on the heating member of the fixing device. The release layer is preferably formed of a material having excellent releasability from the toner, for example, silicone rubber, a fluororesin, or the like, for the purpose of preventing the toner from adhering. Specific examples of the fluororesin include, for example, a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether, a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene, and a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoroethylene. Preferred are mentioned. The thickness of the release layer can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but is preferably in the range of 10 to 60 μm.
[0104]
In the toner composition of the present invention, a releasing liquid such as silicone oil to be applied to a heating member is unnecessary since the toner composition contains a releasing agent. However, about 1 μl or less per A4 sheet for the purpose of securing a high-temperature fixing area. May be used.
[0105]
In the present invention, even if the fixing device is composed of two rolls, the fixing device may be installed in series, and the heating time of the present invention may be determined from the sum of the heating times of the respective fixing rolls in a tandem system. In order to obtain the heating time specified by the process speed of the present invention, a system using a belt is desirable (hereinafter, this system is referred to as a belt nip system).
[0106]
The belt nip method uses an endless belt that is rotatably stretched over a plurality of support rolls, and a fixing device that includes a heat fixing roll that forms a belt nip by contacting the endless belt. The paper on which the unfixed toner image is formed passes between the belt nip with the endless belt, and at this time, fixing is performed by the pressure and heat energy between the belt nips. After passing through the belt nip, the paper is peeled off by a peeling claw and discharged to the outside of the fixing device. Such a configuration is desirable because the process speed can be increased and the flexibility of the heating time can be relatively easily increased.
[0107]
In the image forming apparatus of the present invention, each constituent member is not particularly limited, other than those defined in the present invention. For example, any known components such as an electrostatic image carrier, an intermediate transfer belt (or an intermediate transfer drum), and a charger can be employed.
However, it is preferable that the charging means is a roll-charging type charging device in that it can realize environmental preservation and the like by reducing ozone generation at a high level.
[0108]
<Electrostatic image developing toner>
The electrostatic image developing toner of the present invention is an electrostatic image developing toner comprising at least a binder resin, a colorant, and two or more release agents, wherein the toner has the above-mentioned condition (a), (B) and (c) are satisfied.
Details of the toner material, the manufacturing method, and the like are as described in the image forming method of the present invention.
[0109]
When an image is formed using the electrostatic image developing toner of the present invention, a document having excellent image gloss and stable image preservability can be obtained when a fixed image is formed. Method, even when used for image formation in a high-speed process used in an image forming apparatus, it is possible to form a high-gloss image that could not be achieved with a conventional toner, and has excellent long-term storage properties. Documentation can be provided.
[0110]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
First, toners used in Examples and Comparative Examples will be described. In the following, “parts” means “parts by mass”.
[0111]
In the following preparation of toner and the like, the volume average particle diameter D50v of the toner was measured using a Coulter counter (TA2 type manufactured by Coulter, Inc.). The average particle size of the resin fine particles, the colorant fine particles, and the release agent fine particles was measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (LA-700, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). The resin in the aggregated particles and the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the resin for resin coating were measured using a gel permeation chromatograph (HLC-8120GPC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation). The glass transition point of the resin particles was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-50, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) under the condition of a temperature rising rate of 3 ° C./min. The release agent domain diameter was determined by using a transmission electron microscope TEM device (JEM-1010 type electron microscope, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.) after preparing the toner, and the major axis diameter of the domain was defined as the domain diameter.
[0112]
First, various dispersions were prepared as described below.
-Preparation of resin fine particle dispersion liquid (1)-
・ 350 parts of styrene
・ Butyl acrylate 50 parts
・ Acrylic acid 8 parts
・ Dodecyl mercaptan 10 parts
・ 3 parts carbon tetrabromide
[0113]
The above-mentioned components are previously mixed and dissolved to prepare a solution, and 7 parts of a nonionic surfactant (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd .: Novonyl) and an anionic surfactant (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .: Neogen R) ) A surfactant solution prepared by dissolving 10 parts in 520 parts of ion-exchanged water and the above solution were charged into a flask, and were mechanically dispersed and emulsified by a pressure disperser (manufactured by Doei Shoji Co., Ltd .: Gorin homogenizer). While slowly mixing for 10 minutes, 70 parts of ion-exchanged water in which 3 parts of ammonium persulfate was dissolved was further added, and nitrogen replacement was performed. Thereafter, the contents were heated to 70 ° C. in an oil bath while stirring the flask, and emulsion polymerization was continued for 6 hours. Thereafter, the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature to obtain a resin dispersion (1) having an average particle size of 148 nm, a glass transition point of 51.2 ° C., a weight average molecular weight Mw of 21,000, and Mw / Mn of 2.5. Was.
[0114]
-Preparation of resin dispersion particle liquid (2)-
・ Styrene 280 parts
・ 100 parts of n-butyl acrylate
・ Acrylic acid 8 parts
・ Dodecanethiol 10 parts
・ 3 parts carbon tetrabromide
[0115]
The above components are mixed and dissolved in advance to prepare a solution, and 10 parts of a nonionic surfactant (NOVONYL manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.) and an anionic surfactant (NEOGEN RK manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) ) A surfactant solution obtained by dissolving 6 parts in 520 parts of ion-exchanged water and the above solution were charged into a flask, and were mechanically dispersed and emulsified by a pressure dispersing machine (manufactured by Doei Shoji Co., Ltd .: Gorin homogenizer). While slowly mixing for 10 minutes, 70 parts of ion-exchanged water in which 3 parts of ammonium persulfate was dissolved was further added, and nitrogen replacement was performed. Thereafter, the contents were heated to 70 ° C. in an oil bath while stirring the flask, and emulsion polymerization was continued for 6 hours. Thereafter, the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature to obtain a resin dispersion (2) having an average particle size of 160 nm, a glass transition point of 55.6 ° C., a weight average molecular weight of 23,000, and Mw / Mn of 2.3.
[0116]
-Preparation of Colorant Dispersion (1)-
・ 70 parts of phthalocyanine pigment (Dainichi Seika Co., Ltd .: PVFASTBLUE)
・ Anionic surfactant (Wako Pure Chemical Industries) 3 parts
・ 400 parts of ion exchange water
[0117]
After mixing and dissolving the above components, the mixture is dispersed using a homogenizer (Ultra Turrax manufactured by IKA), and a colorant dispersion liquid (1) is prepared by dispersing a colorant (phthalocyanine pigment) having an average particle size of 150 nm. ) Got.
[0118]
-Preparation of release agent dispersion liquid (1)-
・ 100 parts of polyethylene wax (melting point: 109 ° C)
-2 parts of anionic surfactant (Pionin A-45-D manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0119]
The above components are mixed and dissolved, and dispersed using a homogenizer (Ultra Turrax manufactured by IKA), and then subjected to dispersion treatment with a pressure discharge type homogenizer, and release agent fine particles (polyethylene wax) having an average particle size of 280 nm. Was obtained to obtain a release agent dispersion liquid (1).
[0120]
-Preparation of release agent dispersion liquid (2)-
・ 100 parts of polypropylene wax (melting point: 152 ° C)
-2 parts of anionic surfactant (Pionin A-45-D manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0121]
After mixing and dissolving each of the above components and dispersing them using a homogenizer (Ultra Turrax manufactured by IKA), dispersion treatment is performed using a pressure discharge type homogenizer, and release agent fine particles (polypropylene wax) having an average particle size of 280 nm. Release agent dispersion liquid (2) obtained by dispersing
[0122]
-Preparation of release agent dispersion liquid (3)-
・ 100 parts of polyethylene wax (melting point: 82 ° C)
-2 parts of anionic surfactant (Pionin A-45-D manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0123]
The above components are mixed and dissolved, and dispersed using a homogenizer (Ultra Turrax manufactured by IKA), and then subjected to dispersion treatment with a pressure discharge type homogenizer, and release agent fine particles (polyethylene wax) having an average particle size of 280 nm. Was obtained to obtain a release agent dispersion liquid (3).
[0124]
-Preparation of release agent dispersion liquid (4)-
・ 100 parts of polypropylene wax (melting point: 171 ° C)
-2 parts of anionic surfactant (Pionin A-45-D manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0125]
After mixing and dissolving each of the above components and dispersing them using a homogenizer (Ultra Turrax manufactured by IKA), dispersion treatment is performed using a pressure discharge type homogenizer, and release agent fine particles (polypropylene wax) having an average particle size of 280 nm. Was obtained to obtain a release agent dispersion liquid (4).
[0126]
(Example 1)
-Preparation of Toner A-
・ Resin dispersion liquid (1) 300 parts
・ Colorant dispersion liquid (1) 200 parts
-50 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (1) (8.3% by mass based on toner)
50 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (2) (8.3% by mass based on toner)
-3 parts of cationic surfactant (Sanisol B50, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0127]
After mixing and dispersing each of the above components in a round bottom stainless steel flask using a homogenizer (manufactured by IKA: Ultra Turrax T50), the mixture was heated to 50 ° C. in a heating oil bath while stirring, and then heated at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Holding to form aggregated particles. When a part of the obtained aggregated particles was observed with an optical microscope, the average particle size of the aggregated particles was about 5.1 μm. When 30 parts of the resin dispersion liquid (1) is gently added to the aggregated particle liquid, the mixture is further heated and stirred at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the obtained aggregated particle liquid is observed with an optical microscope. It was about 5.6 μm.
[0128]
Next, 6 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Co., Ltd., Neogen SC) was added to the dispersion, heated to 97 ° C., and kept for 7 hours to fuse the aggregated particles. . Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 45 ° C. at a rate of 0.5 ° C./min, filtered, sufficiently washed with ion-exchanged water, and then filtered through a 400-mesh sieve. The volume average particle diameter D50v of the fused particles measured with a Coulter counter was 5.8 μm. In addition, the obtained volume particle size distribution was 1.21 as determined by GSDv as described above. This was dried with a vacuum dryer to obtain toner A.
[0129]
A cross section of the toner A was confirmed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The domain diameter of the release agent was 1.1 μm. The glass transition point and the melting point of the wax were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-50, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at a rate of temperature rise of 3 ° C./min. The melting point of the wax was observed at 109 ° C and 152 ° C.
[0130]
-Preparation of Developer A-
To 100 parts of the obtained toner A, 1.5 parts of colloidal silica (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd .: R972) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner for electrostatic charge development. Then, a ferrite carrier coated with 1% by mass of polymethyl methacrylate (weight average molecular weight: 100,000, manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) and having a volume average particle diameter D50v of 50 μm was weighed into a glass bottle so that the toner concentration was 5% by mass. The mixture was mixed on a ball mill for 5 minutes to obtain a developer (A).
[0131]
-Image formation and evaluation-
Using the obtained developer A, a modified Docucolor 4040 machine (fixing machine configuration is an endless belt and belt, nip width: 30.3 mm), and the toner mass per unit area is 4.0 mg / cm. ^Two And a toner image is formed on recording paper (JCOAT paper, manufactured by Fuji Xerox Office Supply Co., Ltd.). The fixing temperature is 180 ° C., the process speed is 380 mm / sec, and the heating time is 8.0 × 10. ^-2 The fixing was performed after adjusting the time to seconds.
[0132]
The gloss difference between the fixed image and the recording paper was confirmed with a gloss meter (Model GM-26D, manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.) at 75 ° gloss. The gloss was determined based on the difference from the paper gloss (47).
[0133]
Further, two sheets of the obtained fixed images are opposed to each other, and a load of 250 g / cm ^Two , And stored for one month under stress. The case where the opposing paper or the fixed image did not adhere was evaluated as “○”, and the case where the adhered paper or the adhered image was not observed and gloss unevenness occurred on the surface of the fixed image was evaluated as “x”.
Table 1 shows the above evaluation results.
[0134]
(Example 2)
-Preparation of Toner B-
・ Resin dispersion liquid (2) 300 parts
・ Colorant dispersion liquid (1) 200 parts
-60 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (1) (10.0% by mass based on toner)
-40 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (4) (6.6% by mass based on toner)
-3 parts of cationic surfactant (Sanisol B50, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0135]
After mixing and dispersing each of the above components in a round bottom stainless steel flask using a homogenizer (manufactured by IKA: Ultra Turrax T50), the mixture was heated to 50 ° C. in a heating oil bath while stirring, and then heated at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Holding to form aggregated particles. When a part of the obtained aggregated particles was observed with an optical microscope, the average particle size of the aggregated particles was about 4.9 μm. When 30 parts of the resin dispersion liquid (2) is gently added to the aggregated particle liquid, the mixture is further heated and stirred at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the obtained aggregated particle liquid is observed with an optical microscope. It was about 5.5 μm.
[0136]
Next, 6 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Co., Ltd., Neogen SC) was added to the dispersion, heated to 97 ° C., and kept as it was for 7 hours to fuse the aggregated particles. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 45 ° C. at a rate of 0.7 ° C./min, filtered, sufficiently washed with ion-exchanged water, and filtered through a 400-mesh sieve. The volume average particle diameter D50v of the fused particles measured with a Coulter counter was 5.6 μm. In addition, GSDv was determined from the obtained volume particle size distribution as described above to be 1.20. This was dried with a vacuum drier to obtain toner B.
[0137]
When the cross section of the toner B was confirmed with a TEM device, the domain diameter of the release agent was 1.3 μm. The glass transition point and the melting point of the wax were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-50, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at a rate of temperature rise of 3 ° C./min. 0.2 ° C. and the melting points of the wax were observed at 109 ° C. and 171 ° C.
[0138]
-Preparation of developer B-
To 100 parts of toner B, 1.5 parts of colloidal silica (R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed using a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner for electrostatic charge development. Then, a ferrite carrier coated with 1% by mass of polymethyl methacrylate (weight average molecular weight: 100,000, manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) was weighed in a glass bottle so that the toner concentration was 5% by mass, and the ball mill was weighed. The mixture was mixed on a table for 5 minutes to obtain a developer B.
[0139]
-Image formation and evaluation-
Using the obtained developer B, the nip width of the fixing device in the modified Docucolor 4040 in Example 1 was set to 27.8 mm, the process speed was 480 mm / sec, and the heating time was 5.8 × 10 ^-2 An image was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was changed to seconds, and the same evaluation was performed.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0140]
(Example 3)
-Preparation of Toner C-
・ Resin dispersion liquid (1) 300 parts
・ Colorant dispersion liquid (1) 200 parts
100 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (2) (16.6% by mass based on toner)
-3 parts of cationic surfactant (Sanisol B50, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0141]
After mixing and dispersing each of the above components in a round bottom stainless steel flask using a homogenizer (manufactured by IKA: Ultra Turrax T50), the mixture was heated to 50 ° C. in a heating oil bath while stirring, and then heated at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Holding to form aggregated particles. When a part of the obtained aggregated particles was observed with an optical microscope, the average particle size of the aggregated particles was about 5.1 μm. 30 parts of the resin dispersion liquid (1) is gently added to the aggregated particle liquid, and the mixture is further heated and stirred at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. When the obtained aggregated liquid is observed with an optical microscope, the average particle diameter of the aggregated particles is about 5. It was 4 μm.
[0142]
Next, 6 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Co., Ltd., Neogen SC) was added to the dispersion, heated to 97 ° C., and kept as it was for 7 hours to fuse the aggregated particles. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 45 ° C. at a rate of 0.5 ° C./min, filtered, sufficiently washed with ion-exchanged water, and then filtered through a 400-mesh sieve. The volume average particle diameter D50v of the fused particles measured with a Coulter counter was 5.3 μm. In addition, GSDv was determined from the obtained volume particle size distribution as described above to be 1.20. This was dried with a vacuum drier to obtain toner C.
[0143]
When the cross section of the obtained toner C was confirmed with a TEM apparatus, the domain diameter of the release agent was 0.6 μm. The glass transition point and the melting point of the wax were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-50, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at a rate of temperature rise of 3 ° C./min. 0.2 ° C. and the melting points of the wax were observed at 109 ° C. and 171 ° C.
[0144]
-Preparation of Developer C-
To 100 parts of the toner C, 1.5 parts of colloidal silica (R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner for electrostatic charge development. Then, a ferrite carrier coated with 1% by mass of polymethyl methacrylate (weight average molecular weight: 100,000, manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) was weighed in a glass bottle so that the toner concentration was 5% by mass, and the ball mill was weighed. The mixture was mixed on a table for 5 minutes to obtain a developer C.
[0145]
-Image formation and evaluation-
An image was formed using the obtained developer C in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same evaluation was performed.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0146]
(Comparative Example 1)
-Preparation of Toner D-
・ Resin dispersion liquid (1) 300 parts
・ Colorant dispersion liquid (1) 200 parts
100 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (1) (16.6% by mass based on toner)
-3 parts of cationic surfactant (Sanisol B50, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0147]
After mixing and dispersing each of the above components in a round bottom stainless steel flask using a homogenizer (manufactured by IKA: Ultra Turrax T50), the mixture was heated to 50 ° C. in a heating oil bath while stirring, and then heated at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Holding to form aggregated particles. When a part of the obtained aggregated particles was observed with an optical microscope, the average particle size of the aggregated particles was about 5.1 μm. 30 parts of the resin dispersion liquid (1) was gently added to the aggregated particle liquid, and the mixture was further heated and stirred at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. The obtained aggregated particle liquid was observed with an optical microscope. It was 5.9 μm.
[0148]
Next, 6 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Co., Ltd., Neogen SC) was added to the dispersion, heated to 97 ° C., and kept as it was for 7 hours to fuse the aggregated particles. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 45 ° C. at a rate of 0.5 ° C./min, filtered, sufficiently washed with ion-exchanged water, and then filtered through a 400-mesh sieve. The volume average particle diameter D50v of the fused particles measured with a Coulter counter was 6.1 μm. GSDv was 1.21 as determined from the obtained volume particle size distribution as described above. This was dried with a vacuum drier to obtain toner D.
[0149]
When the cross section of the toner D was confirmed with a TEM apparatus, the domain diameter of the release agent was 1.2 μm. The glass transition point and the melting point of the wax were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-50, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at a rate of temperature rise of 3 ° C./min. 0.6 ° C., and the melting point of the wax was observed at 109 ° C.
[0150]
-Preparation of Developer D-
1.5 parts of colloidal silica (R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added to 100 parts of the toner D, and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner for electrostatic charge development. Then, a ferrite carrier coated with 1% by mass of polymethyl methacrylate (weight average molecular weight: 100,000, manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) was weighed in a glass bottle so that the toner concentration was 5% by mass, and the ball mill was weighed. The mixture was mixed on a table for 5 minutes to obtain a developer D.
[0151]
-Image formation and evaluation-
An image was formed using the obtained developer D in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same evaluation was performed.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0152]
(Comparative Example 2)
-Preparation of Toner E-
・ Resin dispersion liquid (1) 300 parts
・ Colorant dispersion liquid (1) 200 parts
100 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (2) (16.6% by mass based on toner)
-3 parts of cationic surfactant (Sanisol B50, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0153]
After mixing and dispersing each of the above components in a round bottom stainless steel flask using a homogenizer (Ultra Turrax T50, manufactured by IKA), the mixture was heated to 50 ° C in a heating oil bath while stirring, and then heated at 50 ° C for 30 minutes. Holding to form aggregated particles. When a part of the obtained aggregated particles was observed with an optical microscope, the average particle size of the aggregated particles was about 5.1 μm. To the aggregated particle liquid, gently add 30 parts of the resin dispersion liquid (1), further heat and stir at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes, and observe the obtained aggregated particle liquid with an optical microscope. 0.4 μm.
[0154]
Next, 6 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Co., Ltd., Neogen SC) was added to the dispersion, heated to 97 ° C., and kept for 7 hours to fuse the aggregated particles. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 45 ° C. at a rate of 0.5 ° C./min, filtered, sufficiently washed with ion-exchanged water, and then filtered through a 400-mesh sieve. The volume average particle diameter of the fused particles measured with a Coulter counter was 5.3 μm. GSDv was 1.22 as determined from the obtained volume particle size distribution as described above. This was dried with a vacuum drier to obtain toner E.
[0155]
When the cross section of the obtained toner E was confirmed with a TEM device, the domain diameter of the release agent was 0.6 μm. The glass transition point and the melting point of the wax were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-50, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) under the condition of a heating rate of 3 ° C./min. 0.3 ° C. and at 152 ° C. the melting point of the wax was observed.
[0156]
-Preparation of Developer E-
To 100 parts of the toner E, 1.5 parts of colloidal silica (R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner for electrostatic charge development. Then, a ferrite carrier coated with 1% by mass of polymethyl methacrylate (weight average molecular weight: 100,000, manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) was weighed in a glass bottle so that the toner concentration was 5% by mass, and the ball mill was weighed. The mixture was mixed on a table for 5 minutes to obtain a developer E.
[0157]
-Image formation and evaluation-
An image was formed using the obtained developer E in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same evaluation was performed.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0158]
(Comparative Example 3)
-Preparation of Toner F-
・ Resin dispersion liquid (1) 300 parts
・ Colorant dispersion liquid (1) 200 parts
-50 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (2) (8.3% by mass based on toner)
50 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (3) (8.3% by mass based on toner)
-3 parts of cationic surfactant (Sanisol B50, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0159]
After mixing and dispersing each of the above components in a round bottom stainless steel flask using a homogenizer (manufactured by IKA: Ultra Turrax T50), the mixture was heated to 50 ° C. in a heating oil bath while stirring, and then heated at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Holding to form aggregated particles. When a part of the obtained aggregated particles was observed with an optical microscope, the average particle size of the aggregated particles was about 5.1 μm. To the aggregated particle liquid, gently add 30 parts of the resin dispersion liquid (1), further heat and stir at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes, and observe the obtained aggregated particle liquid with an optical microscope. 0.6 μm.
[0160]
Next, 6 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Co., Ltd., Neogen SC) was added to the dispersion, heated to 97 ° C., and kept as it was for 7 hours to fuse the aggregated particles. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 45 ° C. at a rate of 0.5 ° C./min, filtered, sufficiently washed with ion-exchanged water, and then filtered through a 400-mesh sieve. The volume average particle diameter D50v of the fused particles measured with a Coulter counter was 5.6 μm. In addition, GSDv was determined from the obtained volume particle size distribution as described above to be 1.20. This was dried with a vacuum drier to obtain toner F.
[0161]
When the cross section of the obtained toner E was confirmed with a TEM device, the domain diameter of the release agent was 1.7 μm. The glass transition point and the melting point of the wax were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-50, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at a rate of temperature rise of 3 ° C./min. 0.0 ° C, and melting points of the wax were observed at 82 ° C and 152 ° C.
[0162]
-Preparation of developer F-
To 100 parts of the toner F, 1.5 parts of colloidal silica (R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner for electrostatic charge development. Then, a ferrite carrier coated with 1% by mass of polymethyl methacrylate (weight average molecular weight: 100,000, manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) was weighed in a glass bottle so that the toner concentration was 5% by mass, and the ball mill was weighed. The mixture was mixed on a table for 5 minutes to obtain a developer F.
[0163]
-Image formation and evaluation-
An image was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained developer F, and the same evaluation was performed.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0164]
(Comparative Example 4)
In Example 1, the nip width of the fixing device in the modified Docucolor 4040 was set to 13.3 mm, the fixing temperature was set to 200 ° C., and the heating time was set to 3.5 × 10 ^-2 An image was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was changed to seconds, and the same evaluation was performed.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0165]
(Comparative Example 5)
-Preparation of Toner G-
・ Resin dispersion liquid (1) 300 parts
・ Colorant dispersion liquid (1) 200 parts
-50 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (1) (8.3% by mass based on toner)
-50 parts of release agent dispersion liquid (5) (8.3% by mass based on toner)
-3 parts of cationic surfactant (Sanisol B50, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ 500 parts of ion exchange water
[0166]
After mixing and dispersing each of the above components in a round bottom stainless steel flask using a homogenizer (manufactured by IKA: Ultra Turrax T50), the mixture was heated to 50 ° C. in a heating oil bath while stirring, and then heated at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Holding to form aggregated particles. When a part of the obtained aggregated particles was observed with an optical microscope, the average particle size of the aggregated particles was about 4.9 μm. To the aggregated particle liquid, gently add 30 parts of the resin dispersion liquid (1), further heat and stir at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes, and observe the obtained aggregated particle liquid with an optical microscope. 0.4 μm.
[0167]
Next, 6 parts of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Co., Ltd., Neogen SC) was added to the dispersion, heated to 97 ° C., and kept as it was for 7 hours to fuse the aggregated particles. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 45 ° C. at a rate of 0.5 ° C./min, filtered, sufficiently washed with ion-exchanged water, and then filtered through a 400-mesh sieve. The volume average particle diameter D50v of the fused particles measured with a Coulter counter was 5.5 μm. In addition, GSDv was determined from the obtained volume particle size distribution as described above to be 1.20. This was dried with a vacuum drier to obtain toner G.
[0168]
When the cross section of the obtained toner G was confirmed with a TEM device, the domain diameter of the release agent was 1.9 μm. The glass transition point and the melting point of the wax were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-50, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at a rate of temperature rise of 3 ° C./min. The melting point of the wax was observed at 82 ° C and 134 ° C.
[0169]
-Preparation of Developer G-
To 100 parts of the toner G, 1.5 parts of colloidal silica (R972 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed using a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner for electrostatic charge development. Then, a ferrite carrier coated with 1% by mass of polymethyl methacrylate (weight average molecular weight: 100,000, manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) was weighed in a glass bottle so that the toner concentration was 5% by mass, and the ball mill was weighed. The mixture was mixed on a table for 5 minutes to obtain a developer G.
[0170]
-Image formation and evaluation-
An image was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained developer G, and the same evaluation was performed.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0171]
[Table 1]

[0172]
As shown in Table 1, it was found that when the developer of the example was used, the gloss of the fixed image and the storage stability of the document were excellent when evaluated by the image forming method of the present invention. On the other hand, when the developer of the comparative example was used, in the evaluation by the high-speed process, the gloss of the image was not sufficient, or the images adhered to each other during storage, resulting in extremely poor results.
[0173]
【The invention's effect】
Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, even when using high gloss paper, a high gloss image equivalent to paper gloss can be obtained in a high-speed process, and an image forming method, an image forming apparatus, and an electrostatic charge developing toner having excellent document storability are provided. Can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of an image forming apparatus used in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1Y, 1M, 1C, 1K Photoconductor drum (electrostatic image carrier)
3Y, 3M, 3C, 3K latent image forming means
4Y, 4M, 4C, 4K developing unit
5Y, 5M, 5C, 5K primary transfer roll
6Y, 6M, 6C, 6K cleaning means
11 Drive roll
12 Support roll
13 Backup Roll
14 Secondary transfer roll
15 Intermediate transfer belt
16 Recorded object
17 Cleaning member
18 Fixing unit
20Y, 20M, 20C, 20K Charging device (charging means)
40Y, 40M, 40C, 40K developing unit

Claims (3)

Forming an electrostatic image on the surface of the electrostatic image carrier, developing the electrostatic image on the surface of the developer carrier with a developer containing toner to form a toner image, and recording the toner image on the surface. A step of transferring to a body surface and a step of heat-fixing the toner image, comprising:
The toner comprises at least a binder resin, a colorant, and two or more release agents having different melting points, and satisfies the following conditions (a), (b), and (c), and has a process speed of 280. An image forming method, wherein the heating time during the heat fixing is 5.0 × 10 ^-2 seconds or more.
(A) The volume average particle size D50v of the toner is in the range of 3 to 8 μm, and the volume average particle size distribution index GSDv is 1.25 or less.
(B) The weight average molecular weight Mw of the binder resin is in the range of 6,000 to 45,000.
(C) Among the two or more release agents, the melting point α of the release agent having the lowest melting point is in the range of 90 to 115 ° C., and the melting point of the other at least one high melting point agent is 1 .3α to 2.1α ° C. Means for forming an electrostatic image on the surface of the electrostatic image carrier, means for developing the electrostatic image on the surface of the developer carrier with a developer containing toner to form a toner image, and recording the toner image thereon An image forming apparatus including: a unit configured to transfer the toner image to a body surface; and a unit configured to thermally fix the toner image.
The toner comprises at least a binder resin, a colorant, and two or more release agents, and satisfies the following conditions (a), (b), and (c), and has a process speed of 280 to 560 mm / s, and the heating time during the heat fixing is 5.0 × 10 ⁻² seconds or more.
(A) The volume average particle size D50v of the toner is in the range of 3 to 8 μm, and the volume average particle size distribution index GSDv is 1.25 or less.
(B) The weight average molecular weight Mw of the binder resin is in the range of 6,000 to 45,000.
(C) Among the two or more release agents, the melting point α of the release agent having the lowest melting point is in the range of 90 to 115 ° C., and the melting point of the other at least one high melting point agent is 1 .3α to 2.1α ° C. An electrostatic image developing toner comprising at least a binder resin, a colorant, and two or more release agents,
The toner for developing an electrostatic image, wherein the toner satisfies the following conditions (a), (b), and (c).
(A) The volume average particle size D50v of the toner is in the range of 3 to 8 μm, and the volume average particle size distribution index GSDv is 1.25 or less.
(B) The weight average molecular weight Mw of the binder resin is in the range of 6,000 to 45,000.
(C) Among the two or more release agents, the melting point α of the release agent having the lowest melting point is in the range of 90 to 115 ° C., and the melting point of the other at least one high melting point agent is 1 .3α to 2.1α ° C.

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