JP2004197497A - Base material for mortar wall and mortar wall construction method - Google Patents

Base material for mortar wall and mortar wall construction method Download PDF

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JP2004197497A
JP2004197497A JP2002369536A JP2002369536A JP2004197497A JP 2004197497 A JP2004197497 A JP 2004197497A JP 2002369536 A JP2002369536 A JP 2002369536A JP 2002369536 A JP2002369536 A JP 2002369536A JP 2004197497 A JP2004197497 A JP 2004197497A
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base material
mortar
wall
lath
aggregates
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Japanese (ja)
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Yutaka Shimizu
豊 清水
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Individual
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a base material for a mortar wall and a mortar wall construction method for preventing the generation of large cracks having a risk that rainwater or the like enters a building. <P>SOLUTION: A lath material 3 laid on one bed sheet 2 is parted into four partitions smaller than the bed sheet 2 laid substantially in a checkerboard pattern. The upper and lower and right and left adjacent lath materials 3, 3 are laid and arranged so that the short mesh width direction of a through hole 3a of one lath material 3 intersects perpendicularly to the short mesh width direction of a through hole 3a of the other lath material 3. A little gap W is provided between the adjacent lath materials 3, 3, whereby edges of the lath materials 3, 3 are separated from each other to prevent overlapping. A thus constructed wall base material 1 is stuck to the wall surface 10 or the like, and various mortar 5 is applied thereon to form the inside of the mortar layer 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、建築物の壁面等に施工されるモルタル壁に関し、特に、そのモルタル壁の基礎となるモルタル壁用基材、及び、そのモルタル壁の施工方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】モルタル壁は、例えば、木造建築物や鉄骨建築物の内壁、外壁または天井などに用いられている。モルタル壁の施工方法では、その建築物に応じて種々の方法があるが、例えば、建築物の壁面等に配設される構造用部材に防水シートなどの下地材を貼り付けた後、金属製のラス材(骨材)をタッピングビスやタッカ針で取着し、その上に軽量モルタル等が塗着されてモルタル層が形成されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記したモルタル壁は、塗り付けたモルタルに対する下地材及び骨材の拘束力が比較的脆弱であるため、モルタル層の収縮等に伴ったひび割れが発生し易い状況にある。そこで、モルタル層の塗り付け回数を増やしたり(塗り付け厚の低減)、モルタル層の強度を低くする(収縮応力の低減)などの工夫がなされているが、ひび割れの発生を完全に防止するには至っていない。
【0004】
例えば、特開平5−280170号公報では、モルタル層表面に炭素繊維製の不織布を添加することにより補強層を形成して仕上げ面のひび割れ防止を図る施工方法も提案されているが、かかる方法であっても、時として長さ数メートル、幅数ミリに至るような大きなひび割れの発生を効果的に抑制し得るものではないという問題点があった。特に、このような大きなひび割れはモルタル壁内への雨水等の浸入を招き、ラス材や構造用部材が腐食の危険に曝されるという問題点もある。
【0005】
本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、雨水等が建築物内部へ浸入する虞のある大きなひび割れの発生を防止することができるモルタル壁用基材およびモルタル壁施工方法を提供することを目的としている。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するために請求項1記載のモルタル壁用基材は、建築物の壁面等に敷設可能な略シート状の下地材と、その下地材より小さな区画に分断されると共に、複数の透孔が一面に穿設され前記下地材の一面に複数敷設される骨材とを備えている。
【0007】
この請求項1記載のモルタル壁用基材によれば、下地材には複数の骨材が予め敷設されており、その複数の骨材の非敷設面が建築物の壁面等に向けられた状態で、下地材が建築物の壁面等に敷設される。この下地材の敷設によりモルタル壁用基材は建築物の壁面等に敷設され、タッカ針等の固定具により建築物の壁面等に固定される。この固定後は、複数の骨材を覆い隠すようにモルタルが塗着され、そのモルタルが骨材の透孔を介して骨材に付着して、建築物の壁面等に保持される。更に、モルタルを塗り込むと、複数の骨材がモルタル層内に埋設され、モルタル壁が建築物の壁面等に形成される。
【0008】
請求項2記載のモルタル壁用基材は、請求項1記載のモルタル壁用基材において、前記骨材は収縮可能な構造に形成されている。
【0009】
請求項3記載のモルタル壁用基材は、請求項1又は2に記載のモルタル壁用基材において、前記骨材は少なくとも一方向に収縮可能な構造に形成され、隣り合う前記骨材同士は互いの収縮方向が略直角に交差している。
【0010】
請求項4記載のモルタル壁用基材は、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のモルタル壁用基材において、隣り合う前記骨材同士の縁部間には若干の隙間が設けられている。
【0011】
請求項5記載のモルタル壁用基材は、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のモルタル壁用基材において、複数の前記骨材は、前記下地材に略碁盤目状に敷設されている。
【0012】
請求項6記載のモルタル壁施工方法は、建築物の壁面等に略シート状の下地材を敷設し、その下地材より小さな区画に分断され複数の透孔が一面に穿設された骨材を、下地材の一面に複数敷き並べた状態に取着し、その取着された複数の骨材にモルタルを塗着する。
【0013】
請求項7記載のモルタル壁施工方法は、請求項6記載のモルタル壁施工方法において、前記下地材の一面に敷き並べられる骨材は収縮可能な構造に形成されている。
【0014】
請求項8記載のモルタル壁施工方法は、請求項6又は7に記載のモルタル壁施工方法において、前記骨材は少なくとも一方向に収縮可能な構造に形成され、前記骨材を敷き並べる工程は、隣り合う前記骨材同士の収縮方向を略直角に交差させる。
【0015】
請求項9記載のモルタル壁施工方法は、請求項6から8のいずれかに記載のモルタル壁施工方法において、前記骨材を敷き並べる工程は、隣り合う前記骨材同士の縁部間に若干の隙間を設ける。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の好ましい実施例について、添付図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明のモルタル壁用基材の一実施例である壁用基材1の平面図である。
【0017】
図1に示すように、壁用基材1は、主に、平面視略正方形状に形成されており、薄手の略シート状に形成された下地シート2と、その下地シート2の一面に複数敷設されるラス材3と、そのラス材3を下地シート2の表面に貼着する取着材4とを備えている。下地シート2は、建築物の外壁、内壁または天井等(以下「壁面等」と称す)10にモルタル壁7(図5参照)を施工する場合にモルタル壁7の基材の一部として使用される下地材あり、例えば、アスファルトフェルトやアスファルトルーフィング等の防水シートで構成されている。
【0018】
ラス材3は、下地シート2と共にモルタル壁7の基材の一部として使用される骨材であり、その一面に平面視略菱形状の透孔3aが複数穿設されたメタルラスで構成されている。メタルラス(metal lath)は、例えば、厚さ0.5〜0.8mm程度の可撓性を有する金属製薄板に多数の切れ目を規則的に入れて、その切れ目と直交する方向(図2左右方向)に金属製薄板を伸張させたものであり、エキスパンデッドメタル(expanded metal)の一種である。
【0019】
図2は、ラス材3の拡大平面図である。図2に示すように、複数の透孔3aは、上記した通り略菱形状に形成されており、その長目幅LWの方が短目幅SWより大きくされている(LW>SW)。このため、モルタル層6(図5参照)の収縮に伴う内部応力が各透孔3aを仕切る骨部3bに作用する場合、ラス材3は、長目幅LW方向よりも短目幅SW方向へより収縮し易い構造となる。即ち、モルタル層6内に埋設されたラス材3は、透孔3aの短目幅SWが収縮方向となるのである。
【0020】
図1に戻って説明する。1枚の下地シート2に敷設されるラス材3は、その下地シート2より小さな4つの区画に分断されて略碁盤目状に敷設されている。また、上下又は左右に隣り合うラス材3,3によれば、その一方のラス材3の透孔3aの短目幅SW方向と他方のラス材3の透孔3aの短目幅SW方向とが略直角に交差するように、敷き並べられている。即ち、隣り合うラス材3,3は、互いの収縮方向が略直角に交差するように下地シート2の一面上に敷設されている。また、隣り合うラス材3,3同士の間には、若干の隙間Wが設けられており、各ラス材3,3の縁部同士が互いに重なり合わないように離間されている。
【0021】
取着材4は、ラス材3の縁部より内側の四隅にそれぞれ点在され、かかる4点を以て下地シート2の表面に1枚のラス材3を貼着させている。このように、ラス材3は、数箇所に点在する取着材4により下地シート2の表面に貼着(取着)されるので、取着材4が不在の部位がモルタル層6の収縮に伴って自由に収縮することができるのである。ここで、本実施例では、取着材4にはシリコン樹脂などの固化以前に粘着性を有する樹脂製接着材を用いている。なお、取着材4による取着箇所の数は必ずしも4箇所に限定されるものではなく、1枚のラス材3を複数点で下地材2に取着できれば良い。
【0022】
ここで、取着材4によりラス材3を下地シート2に貼着する時期としては、下地シート2を建築物の壁面等10(図5参照)へ貼り付ける以前に予め貼着する場合と、下地シート2を建築物の壁面等10に貼り付けた後に貼着する場合とが想定される。前者の場合は、主としてモルタル壁7の施工以前より壁用基材1を一体の製品として取り扱うものであり、後者の場合は、主としてモルタル壁7の施工以前において壁用基材1の下地シート2とラス材3とを別々の製品として取り扱うものである。
【0023】
図3から図5を参照して、上記のように構成された壁用基材1を用いたモルタル壁施工方法について説明する。図3は、壁用基材1がモルタル壁7の施工前から一体の製品である場合におけるモルタル壁7の施工工程図であり、図4は、モルタル壁7の施工前に壁用基材1の下地シート2とラス材3とが別体である場合におけるモルタル壁7の施工工程図である。また、図5は、図3又は図4に示した施工工程により施工されたモルタル壁7の部分断面図である。
【0024】
図3に示す施工工程は、壁用基材1が予め一体製品である場合に採用される。この施工工程では、まず、壁用基材1が建築物の壁面等10にタッカ針などにより貼り付けられる(S1)。1枚の壁用基材1は、例えば、約50cm四方の平面視略正方形状に形成されるので、モルタル壁7を施工すべき壁面等10の全面を覆うには複数の壁用基材1が並べて貼り付けられる(S2:No)。全ての壁用基材1が壁面等10に貼り付けられると(S2:Yes)、建築物の壁面等10には、複数の小区画に分断されたラス材3が下地シート2の表面に敷き並べられる。このように敷き並べられた各ラス材3は、それを覆い隠すように塗着される各種のモルタル5から成るモルタル層6内に埋設され(S3)、モルタル層6の表面の仕上げや乾燥などのその他の施工がなされて(S4)、モルタル壁7が完成する。
【0025】
図4に示す施工工程は、壁用基材1の下地シート2とラス材3とが予め別個の製品である場合に採用される。この施工工程では、まず、下地シート2が建築物の壁面等10にタッカ針などにより貼り付けられる(S11)。建築物の壁面等10が下地シート2により覆われると、ラス材3が取着材4により取着(貼着)されつつ下地シート2表面に敷設される(S12)。1枚のラス材3は下地シート2より小さな区画に分断されたものであるので、建築物の壁面等10には、複数枚のラス材3が略碁盤目状に敷き並べられる(S13:No)。
【0026】
ここで、下地シート2上にラス材3を敷き並べる工程では、隣り合うラス材3同士の間に若干の隙間Wが設けられ、更に、隣り合うラス材3同士の透孔3aの短目幅SW方向が略直角に交差するように並べられる。全てのラス材3が取着されると(S13:Yes)、各ラス材3は、それを覆い隠すように塗着される各種のモルタル5から成るモルタル層6内に埋設され(S14)、モルタル層6の表面の仕上げや乾燥などのその他の施工がなされて(S15)、モルタル壁7が完成する。
【0027】
以上、実施例に基づき本発明を説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の改良変形が可能であることは容易に推察できるものである。
【0028】
例えば、壁用基材1の平面形状は必ずしも正方形状に限られるものではなく、他の形状、例えば、長方形状や、頂部が三角形状の壁面等に合わせた三角形状などとしても良い。また、下地シート2の材質は必ずしも防水シートである必要はなく、ハトロン紙、厚紙、新聞紙またはフェルト紙等の撥水処理が施されていない非防水シートであっても良い。更に、下地シート2の材質は必ずしも紙製シート単体に限られるものではなく、紙製シート以外の樹脂製シート、布製シート若しくはこれらの結合又はこれらと紙製シートとの結合であっても良い。
【0029】
また、本実施例で説明したラス材3は透孔3aが略菱形状のメタルラスであったが、ラス材の形態は必ずしもこれに限定されるものではなく、上記したラス材3と同様の作用及び効果を奏するものであれば、例えば、透孔の形状、材質又は構造が異なった別の形態であっても良い。具体的には、ラス材の透孔の形状は菱形以外の多角形や円形、楕円形などでも良く、ラス材の材質は金属以外の樹脂や布や木製などでも良い。また、ラス材の構造は、丸形、菱形又は亀甲形等の網目に線材を編んだ金網状のワイヤラスや、メタルラスの一種であるリブラスやヘリンボーンラス等であっても良く、金属板や樹脂板に任意形状の透孔をプレス加工により穿設したものであっても良い。
【0030】
更に、本実施例では取着材4として樹脂製接着材を用いて説明したが、かかる取着材は、ラス材を下地シートに収縮可能に取着可能なものであれば必ずしも接着材に限られるものではなく、例えば、1枚のラス材を下地シート表面の数カ所で取着するタッカ針などであっても良い。
【0031】
【発明の効果】本発明のモルタル壁用基材またはモルタル壁施工方法によれば、モルタル層内に埋設される骨材は下地材に比べて小さな複数の区画に分断されるので、各骨材の境界部分ではモルタル層の剛性強度を低くすることができる。この結果、モルタル層の収縮等に起因する内部応力が各骨材の境界部分に集中するので、これによりモルタル層に発生するひび割れを各骨材の境界部分に誘発させることができるという効果がある。
【0032】
このようにして誘発されるモルタル層のひび割れは、そのモルタル層内に埋設される複数の骨材同士の境界部分に分散して複数生じるので、建築物の壁面等に筋状に連続する大きなひび割れの発生を防止することができるという効果がある。しかも、一つ一つのひび割れは肉眼で確認不可能な程度に微細な亀裂となるので、建築物の壁面等の美観を損ねる虞もなく、且つ、一度に大量の雨水等が建築物内へ浸入することも防止できるという効果がある。
【0033】
また、特に、請求項2記載のモルタル壁用基材、又は、請求項7記載のモルタル壁施工方法によれば、モルタル層内に埋設される骨材は収縮可能な構造に形成されるので、モルタル層の経時的な収縮に伴わせて各骨材を収縮させることができる。この骨材の収縮によってモルタル層内での内部応力の増加を抑制することができ、更に、モルタル層及び骨材相互間の収縮量の相違に起因した骨材とモルタル層との剥離を抑制でき、結果、モルタル壁の脆弱化を抑制できるという効果がある。
【0034】
また、請求項3記載のモルタル壁用基材、又は、請求項8記載のモルタル壁施工方法によれば、隣り合う骨材同士は互いの収縮方向が略直角に交差するように下地材に敷設される。このため、例えば、一の骨材がモルタル層の収縮で縦方向に収縮する場合には、それと隣り合う骨材はモルタル層の収縮で横方向に収縮することとなる。従って、モルタル層には、一の骨材の上下と、それに隣り合うの他の骨材の左右に、それぞれ別々に微細亀裂を生じることとなる。故に、モルタル層が収縮する場合において、隣り合う骨材同士は互いに異なる箇所に微細な亀裂を誘発させることとなるので、個々の亀裂の成長拡大を低減できるという効果がある。
【0035】
また、請求項4記載のモルタル壁用基材、又は、請求項9記載のモルタル壁施工方法によれば、隣り合う骨材同士の縁部間には若干の隙間が設けられており、モルタル層は、かかる隙間部分に対応する箇所での強度が弱められている。これによって、モルタル層の収縮等に伴う内部応力を隣り合う骨材間に更に積極的に集中させて微細亀裂の発生を誘導することができるという効果がある。しかも、隣り合う骨材間に若干の隙間を設けることで、仮に気温などの環境条件の変化により骨材が伸張変形するような場合に、隣り合う骨材同士が干渉することを防止できるという効果がある。
【0036】
また、請求項5記載のモルタル壁用基材によれば、複数の骨材は略碁盤目状に敷設されるので、骨材が下地材に敷設されたままの状態であっても、その各骨材間を折目にしてモルタル壁用基材を折り畳むことができ、容易に携帯し或いは運搬することができるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施例である壁用基材の平面図である。
【図2】ラス材の拡大平面図である。
【図3】壁用基材がモルタル壁の施工前から一体の製品である場合におけるモルタル壁の施工工程図である。
【図4】モルタル壁の施工前に壁用基材の下地シートとラス材とが別体である場合におけるモルタル壁の施工工程図である。
【図5】壁用基材を用いたモルタル壁の部分断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 壁用基材(モルタル壁用基材)
2 下地シート(下地材)
3 ラス材(骨材)
6 モルタル層
10 建築物の壁面等
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mortar wall constructed on a wall of a building, and more particularly, to a mortar wall base material which is a foundation of the mortar wall and a method for constructing the mortar wall. is there.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art Mortar walls are used, for example, as inner walls, outer walls or ceilings of wooden buildings and steel structures. There are various methods for mortar wall construction depending on the building.For example, after attaching a base material such as a waterproof sheet to a structural member disposed on a building wall, etc. The above-mentioned lath material (aggregate) is attached with a tapping screw or a tacker needle, and a lightweight mortar or the like is applied thereon to form a mortar layer.
[0003]
However, in the mortar wall described above, since the binding force of the base material and the aggregate to the applied mortar is relatively weak, cracks occur due to shrinkage of the mortar layer. The situation is easy. Therefore, various measures have been taken such as increasing the number of mortar layer coatings (reducing the coating thickness) and reducing the strength of the mortar layer (reducing the shrinkage stress), but in order to completely prevent the occurrence of cracks. Has not been reached.
[0004]
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-280170 proposes a construction method in which a reinforcing layer is formed by adding a nonwoven fabric made of carbon fiber to the surface of a mortar layer to prevent cracks on a finished surface. Even so, there is a problem that it is not possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of large cracks, which are sometimes several meters long and several mm wide. In particular, such large cracks cause infiltration of rainwater or the like into the mortar wall, and there is also a problem that the lath material and the structural member are exposed to the danger of corrosion.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and has a mortar wall base material and a mortar wall construction that can prevent the occurrence of large cracks that may cause rainwater or the like to enter the inside of a building. It is intended to provide a way.
[0006]
In order to achieve this object, a base material for a mortar wall according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a substantially sheet-like base material that can be laid on a wall surface of a building, and a base material smaller than the base material. And a plurality of aggregates which are divided into sections, a plurality of through holes are formed on one surface, and a plurality of the holes are laid on one surface of the base material.
[0007]
According to the mortar wall base material of the present invention, a plurality of aggregates are laid in advance on the base material, and the non-laying surfaces of the plurality of aggregates are directed to the wall surface of the building. Then, the base material is laid on the wall surface of the building or the like. By laying the base material, the mortar wall base material is laid on the wall surface of the building or the like, and is fixed to the wall surface of the building or the like by a fixing tool such as a tacker needle. After this fixation, mortar is applied so as to cover the plurality of aggregates, and the mortar adheres to the aggregates through the through holes of the aggregates and is held on the wall surface of the building or the like. Further, when the mortar is applied, a plurality of aggregates are buried in the mortar layer, and the mortar wall is formed on the wall surface of the building.
[0008]
A mortar wall substrate according to a second aspect is the mortar wall substrate according to the first aspect, wherein the aggregate is formed in a contractible structure.
[0009]
The mortar wall base material according to claim 3 is the mortar wall base material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aggregate is formed in a structure capable of contracting in at least one direction, and the adjacent aggregates are separated from each other. The directions of contraction intersect at substantially right angles.
[0010]
A mortar wall substrate according to a fourth aspect is the mortar wall substrate according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a slight gap is provided between edges of the adjacent aggregates. .
[0011]
A mortar wall substrate according to a fifth aspect is the mortar wall substrate according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the plurality of aggregates are laid in a substantially grid pattern on the base material. .
[0012]
The mortar wall construction method according to claim 6, laying a substantially sheet-like base material on a wall surface of a building or the like, dividing the aggregate into smaller sections than the base material, and forming a plurality of through-holes on one surface. Then, a plurality of aggregates are attached to one surface of the base material, and mortar is applied to the attached aggregates.
[0013]
In a mortar wall construction method according to a seventh aspect, in the mortar wall construction method according to the sixth aspect, the aggregate laid on one surface of the base material is formed in a contractible structure.
[0014]
The mortar wall construction method according to claim 8, wherein in the mortar wall construction method according to claim 6 or 7, the aggregate is formed in a structure that can be shrunk in at least one direction, and the step of laying the aggregates comprises: The contraction directions of the adjacent aggregates intersect at a substantially right angle.
[0015]
The mortar wall construction method according to claim 9 is the method for constructing a mortar wall according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the step of laying the aggregates includes a step between the edges of the adjacent aggregates. Provide a gap.
[0016]
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a wall substrate 1 which is one embodiment of the mortar wall substrate of the present invention.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 1, the wall substrate 1 is mainly formed in a substantially square shape in a plan view, and a base sheet 2 formed in a thin and substantially sheet shape, and a plurality of base sheets 2 on one surface of the base sheet 2. A lath material 3 to be laid is provided, and an attaching material 4 for attaching the lath material 3 to the surface of the base sheet 2 is provided. The base sheet 2 is used as a part of the base material of the mortar wall 7 when the mortar wall 7 (see FIG. 5) is constructed on the outer wall, inner wall, ceiling, or the like (hereinafter, referred to as “wall surface”) 10 of the building. The base material is made of, for example, a waterproof sheet such as asphalt felt or asphalt roofing.
[0018]
The lath material 3 is an aggregate used as a part of the base material of the mortar wall 7 together with the base sheet 2, and is formed of a metal lath having a plurality of through-holes 3a having a substantially rhombic shape in plan view on one surface thereof. I have. In a metal lath, for example, a large number of cuts are made regularly in a flexible thin metal plate having a thickness of about 0.5 to 0.8 mm, and a direction perpendicular to the cut (FIG. ) Is obtained by expanding a thin metal plate, and is a kind of expanded metal.
[0019]
FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the lath material 3. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of through holes 3a are formed in a substantially rhombic shape as described above, and the long width LW is larger than the short width SW (LW> SW). For this reason, when the internal stress accompanying the contraction of the mortar layer 6 (see FIG. 5) acts on the bones 3b partitioning the respective through holes 3a, the lath material 3 moves in the short width SW direction rather than the long width LW direction. The structure is more easily contracted. That is, in the lath material 3 embedded in the mortar layer 6, the short width SW of the through hole 3a is in the contraction direction.
[0020]
Returning to FIG. The lath material 3 laid on one base sheet 2 is divided into four sections smaller than the base sheet 2 and laid in a substantially grid pattern. Further, according to the lath members 3 adjacent vertically or horizontally, the short width SW direction of the through hole 3a of one lath member 3 and the short width SW direction of the through hole 3a of the other lath member 3 are set. Are laid out so that they intersect at a substantially right angle. That is, the adjacent lath members 3 are laid on one surface of the base sheet 2 such that their contracting directions intersect at a substantially right angle. Further, a slight gap W is provided between the adjacent lath members 3 and 3 so that the edges of the lath members 3 and 3 are separated from each other so as not to overlap with each other.
[0021]
The attachment members 4 are scattered at four corners inside the edge of the lath member 3, and one lath member 3 is adhered to the surface of the base sheet 2 at these four points. In this manner, the lath material 3 is attached (attached) to the surface of the base sheet 2 by the attachment materials 4 scattered at several places, so that the portion where the attachment material 4 is absent contracts the mortar layer 6. Can be freely contracted along with. Here, in the present embodiment, a resin adhesive material having adhesiveness before solidification, such as a silicone resin, is used as the attachment material 4. It should be noted that the number of attachment locations by the attachment material 4 is not necessarily limited to four, and it is sufficient that one lath material 3 can be attached to the base material 2 at a plurality of points.
[0022]
Here, when the lath material 3 is adhered to the base sheet 2 by the attaching material 4, the base sheet 2 is pre-applied before pasting to the wall surface 10 (see FIG. 5) of the building, It is assumed that the base sheet 2 is attached to the wall surface 10 of a building or the like after being attached. In the former case, the wall base material 1 is mainly handled as an integral product before the mortar wall 7 is installed. In the latter case, the base sheet 2 of the wall base material 1 is mainly used before the mortar wall 7 is installed. And the lath material 3 are handled as separate products.
[0023]
A mortar wall construction method using the wall substrate 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG. 3 is a construction process diagram of the mortar wall 7 in a case where the wall base material 1 is an integrated product before the mortar wall 7 is constructed. FIG. FIG. 6 is a construction process diagram of a mortar wall 7 when the base sheet 2 and the lath material 3 are separate bodies. FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the mortar wall 7 constructed by the construction process shown in FIG. 3 or FIG.
[0024]
The construction process shown in FIG. 3 is employed when the wall base material 1 is an integrated product in advance. In this construction step, first, the wall substrate 1 is attached to a wall surface 10 of a building or the like with a tacker needle or the like (S1). Since one wall substrate 1 is formed, for example, in a substantially square shape in plan view of about 50 cm square, a plurality of wall substrates 1 are required to cover the entire surface of the wall surface 10 on which the mortar wall 7 is to be constructed. Are arranged and pasted (S2: No). When all the wall substrates 1 are attached to the wall surface 10 (S2: Yes), the lath material 3 divided into a plurality of small sections is spread on the surface of the base sheet 2 on the wall surface 10 of the building. Lined up. Each lath material 3 laid out in this manner is embedded in a mortar layer 6 composed of various mortars 5 applied so as to cover the lath material 3 (S3), and finishing and drying of the surface of the mortar layer 6 are performed. (S4), and the mortar wall 7 is completed.
[0025]
The construction process shown in FIG. 4 is employed when the base sheet 2 of the wall base material 1 and the lath material 3 are separate products in advance. In this construction step, first, the base sheet 2 is attached to a wall surface 10 of a building or the like with a tacker needle or the like (S11). When the wall surface 10 of the building is covered with the base sheet 2, the lath material 3 is laid on the surface of the base sheet 2 while being attached (sticked) by the attachment material 4 (S12). Since one lath material 3 is divided into smaller sections than the base sheet 2, a plurality of lath materials 3 are laid out in a substantially grid pattern on the wall surface 10 of the building (S13: No). ).
[0026]
Here, in the step of laying the lath members 3 on the base sheet 2, a slight gap W is provided between the adjacent lath members 3, and a short width of the through hole 3 a between the adjacent lath members 3. They are arranged so that the SW directions intersect at a substantially right angle. When all the lath members 3 are attached (S13: Yes), each lath member 3 is embedded in a mortar layer 6 composed of various mortars 5 applied so as to cover the lath members 3 (S14). Other construction such as finishing and drying of the surface of the mortar layer 6 is performed (S15), and the mortar wall 7 is completed.
[0027]
As described above, the present invention has been described based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it is easily understood that various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It can be inferred.
[0028]
For example, the planar shape of the wall base material 1 is not necessarily limited to a square shape, but may be another shape, for example, a rectangular shape, or a triangular shape whose top is fitted to a triangular wall surface. The material of the base sheet 2 does not necessarily need to be a waterproof sheet, and may be a non-waterproof sheet that has not been subjected to a water-repellent treatment, such as haptron paper, cardboard, newsprint, or felt paper. Further, the material of the base sheet 2 is not necessarily limited to a single paper sheet, but may be a resin sheet other than a paper sheet, a cloth sheet, or a combination thereof, or a combination of these and a paper sheet.
[0029]
Further, although the lath member 3 described in this embodiment is a metal lath whose through-holes 3a are substantially rhombic, the form of the lath member is not necessarily limited to this, and the same operation as the lath member 3 described above is performed. For example, another form having a different shape, material, or structure of the through-hole may be used as long as it has the effect. Specifically, the shape of the through hole of the lath material may be a polygon other than a rhombus, a circle, an ellipse, or the like, and the material of the lath material may be resin, cloth, wood, or the like other than metal. Further, the structure of the lath material may be a wire net-like wire lath in which a wire is knitted in a net shape such as a round shape, a rhombus shape, or a tortoiseshell shape, or a metal lath or a herringbone lath which is a kind of metal lath. Alternatively, a through hole having an arbitrary shape may be formed by press working.
[0030]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the description has been made using a resin-made adhesive as the attachment material 4. However, such an attachment material is not necessarily limited to the adhesive material as long as the lath material can be attached to the base sheet in a contractible manner. Instead, for example, it may be a tacker needle for attaching one lath material at several places on the surface of the base sheet.
[0031]
According to the mortar wall base material or the mortar wall construction method of the present invention, the aggregate buried in the mortar layer is divided into a plurality of sections smaller than the base material. The rigidity of the mortar layer can be reduced at the boundary portion of. As a result, the internal stress caused by the contraction of the mortar layer and the like is concentrated on the boundary portion between the aggregates, so that the crack generated in the mortar layer can be induced at the boundary portion between the aggregates. .
[0032]
The plurality of cracks in the mortar layer induced in this manner are dispersed at the boundary between the aggregates buried in the mortar layer, and are thus formed. This has the effect of preventing the occurrence of blemishes. In addition, since each crack is a minute crack that cannot be visually confirmed, there is no risk of impairing the appearance of the walls of the building, etc., and a large amount of rainwater etc. infiltrates into the building at once. There is an effect that it is possible to also prevent
[0033]
Also, in particular, according to the mortar wall base material according to claim 2 or the mortar wall construction method according to claim 7, since the aggregate embedded in the mortar layer is formed into a contractible structure, Each aggregate can be contracted as the mortar layer contracts over time. Due to the contraction of the aggregate, it is possible to suppress an increase in internal stress in the mortar layer, and further, it is possible to suppress the separation of the aggregate and the mortar layer due to a difference in the amount of contraction between the mortar layer and the aggregate. As a result, there is an effect that fragility of the mortar wall can be suppressed.
[0034]
Further, according to the mortar wall base material according to the third aspect or the mortar wall construction method according to the eighth aspect, the adjacent aggregates are laid on the base material such that the contraction directions of the aggregates cross each other at substantially right angles. Is done. Therefore, for example, when one aggregate contracts in the vertical direction due to the contraction of the mortar layer, the aggregate adjacent thereto contracts in the horizontal direction due to the contraction of the mortar layer. Therefore, fine cracks are separately formed in the mortar layer on the upper and lower sides of one aggregate and on the left and right sides of the other aggregates adjacent thereto. Therefore, when the mortar layer contracts, the adjacent aggregates induce fine cracks at different portions, so that the growth and expansion of each crack can be reduced.
[0035]
According to the mortar wall substrate according to the fourth aspect or the mortar wall construction method according to the ninth aspect, a slight gap is provided between edges of adjacent aggregates, and the mortar layer The strength of the portion corresponding to the gap is reduced. Thereby, there is an effect that the internal stress due to the contraction of the mortar layer and the like can be more positively concentrated between the aggregates adjacent to each other to induce the generation of the fine crack. Moreover, by providing a slight gap between adjacent aggregates, it is possible to prevent interference between adjacent aggregates when the aggregates are expanded and deformed due to a change in environmental conditions such as temperature. There is.
[0036]
In addition, according to the mortar wall substrate according to claim 5, since the plurality of aggregates are laid in a substantially grid pattern, even if the aggregates are laid on the base material, each of the aggregates is laid. There is an effect that the mortar wall base material can be folded at the fold between the aggregates and can be easily carried or transported.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a wall base material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a lath member.
FIG. 3 is a construction process diagram of a mortar wall in a case where the wall base material is an integral product before the construction of the mortar wall.
FIG. 4 is a construction process diagram of a mortar wall in a case where a base sheet of a wall base material and a lath material are separate bodies before construction of the mortar wall.
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a mortar wall using a wall base material.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Wall base material (mortar wall base material)
2 Base sheet (base material)
3 Lath lumber (aggregate)
6 Mortar layer 10 Building wall etc.

Claims (9)

建築物の壁面等に敷設可能な略シート状の下地材と、
その下地材より小さな区画に分断されると共に、複数の透孔が一面に穿設され前記下地材の一面に複数敷設される骨材とを備えていることを特徴とするモルタル壁用基材。
A substantially sheet-like base material that can be laid on the wall of a building,
A base material for a mortar wall, wherein the base material is divided into smaller sections than the base material, and a plurality of through holes are formed on one surface and a plurality of aggregates are laid on one surface of the base material.
前記骨材は収縮可能な構造に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のモルタル壁用基材。The mortar wall substrate according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate is formed in a contractible structure. 前記骨材は少なくとも一方向に収縮可能な構造に形成され、隣り合う前記骨材同士は互いの収縮方向が略直角に交差していることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のモルタル壁用基材。The mortar wall according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate is formed in a structure capable of contracting in at least one direction, and adjacent aggregates cross each other at a substantially right angle in a contraction direction. Substrate. 隣り合う前記骨材同士の縁部間には若干の隙間が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のモルタル壁用基材。The mortar wall base material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a slight gap is provided between edges of the adjacent aggregates. 複数の前記骨材は、前記下地材に略碁盤目状に敷設されていることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のモルタル壁用基材。The mortar wall base material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of aggregates are laid in a substantially grid pattern on the base material. 建築物の壁面等に略シート状の下地材を敷設し、
その下地材より小さな区画に分断され複数の透孔が一面に穿設された骨材を、下地材の一面に複数敷き並べた状態に取着し、
その取着された複数の骨材にモルタルを塗着することを特徴とするモルタル壁施工方法。
Laying a substantially sheet-like base material on the wall surface of the building,
Attach the aggregate that is divided into smaller sections than the base material and a plurality of through-holes are drilled on one surface, in a state where multiple aggregates are laid on one surface of the base material,
A mortar wall construction method, comprising applying mortar to the plurality of aggregates attached.
前記下地材の一面に敷き並べられる骨材は収縮可能な構造に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項6記載のモルタル壁施工方法。The mortar wall construction method according to claim 6, wherein the aggregate laid on one surface of the base material is formed in a contractible structure. 前記骨材は少なくとも一方向に収縮可能な構造に形成され、前記骨材を敷き並べる工程は、隣り合う前記骨材同士の収縮方向を略直角に交差させることを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載のモルタル壁施工方法。The said aggregate is formed in the structure which can be shrunk in at least one direction, and the step of laying the said aggregates makes the contraction direction of the said adjacent aggregates cross | intersect substantially perpendicularly. The mortar wall construction method according to 1. 前記骨材を敷き並べる工程は、隣り合う前記骨材同士の縁部間に若干の隙間を設けることを特徴とする請求項6から8のいずれかに記載のモルタル壁施工方法。The mortar wall construction method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the step of laying the aggregates includes providing a slight gap between edges of the adjacent aggregates.
JP2002369536A 2002-12-20 2002-12-20 Base material for mortar wall and mortar wall construction method Pending JP2004197497A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007182677A (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-19 Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd Lath net
CN107829541A (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-03-23 刘永贵 A kind of metope pattern handles paster

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007182677A (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-19 Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd Lath net
CN107829541A (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-03-23 刘永贵 A kind of metope pattern handles paster

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