JP2004194639A - Weed-preventing sheet - Google Patents

Weed-preventing sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004194639A
JP2004194639A JP2002383370A JP2002383370A JP2004194639A JP 2004194639 A JP2004194639 A JP 2004194639A JP 2002383370 A JP2002383370 A JP 2002383370A JP 2002383370 A JP2002383370 A JP 2002383370A JP 2004194639 A JP2004194639 A JP 2004194639A
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Prior art keywords
sheet
sponge
foam
weed
grass
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yukiyo Kosaka
行代 小坂
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KS SHOKAI KK
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KS SHOKAI KK
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Priority to JP2002383370A priority Critical patent/JP2004194639A/en
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  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a weed-preventing sheet, easy to use, having a suitable effective period, i.e., expiration period and also effective in view of its cost, while considering so as to be gentle to environment and not to worry about environmental pollution. <P>SOLUTION: This weed-preventing sheet is provided by using a biodegradable polymer material, forming a plane-shaped sponge-state foamed material having communicated bubbles joining each other and bending complicatedly, and imparting light-shading property while enabling ventilation and water permeation from a surface part 6 to the reverse surface part 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、田畑の畦道や道路のり面そして空き地等に生える雑草の繁殖を防止する防草シートに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来技術】
従来から、雑草の繁殖を防止する手段として、プラスチックシートの利用が知られている。その利用の方法は、田畑の畦道、道路のり面そして空き地更に果樹園や野菜畑等で雑草が生えては好ましくない所に着色したプラスチックシートを敷設或いは被せて、雑草の育成に必要な太陽光と雨水等の水を遮断するものである。けれど、好天が続いた場合はプラスチックシート内の土が乾燥し過ぎて埃状となり、プラスチックシートと地面の間から噴出し、風にのって舞い上がるということもあり、逆に果樹園や野菜畑に於いて、果樹や野菜の根元に敷設した場合は、水不足となって果樹や野菜が枯死してしまうという弊害もある。そこで、プラスチックシートに小さい孔を複数貫設して通水性と通気性を持たせていた。ところが、プラスチックは通常自然界に於いて分解しないので、役目を終えたプラスチックシートは片付けなければならないが、その労力は大変なものである。仮に労力を惜しんでプラスチックシートを放置した場合は、見た目が汚いばかりでなく、重大な環境汚染につながり、果樹園や野菜畑では、果樹や野菜への影響も発生する。こうした観点から近年、天然繊維や生分解性プラスチックを使用した防草シートが開発されている。例えば、ココヤシ繊維を必須構成要件としたり、ココヤシ繊維と木綿、麻等の天然繊維或いは生分解性高分子材料を混合して、自然に穏やかで緩慢な生分解性を有し耐久性が良く、遮光性と適度の透水性を持った防草シート(特開2001−320984)そして植物繊維特に紙等の材料で編んだシートに生分解性又は光分解性プラスチックを被覆させて、折り畳み可能で軽量そして通気性と通水性更に適当で一様な遮光性を持たせた雑草抑制膜(特開平5−252838)等がある。天然繊維は自然環境に於いて微生物等によって分解され、生分解性高分子は自然分解して水と炭酸ガスとなって消滅するので、前述したプラスチックシート即ち非分解性高分子材料で作られたシートのような環境汚染や果樹や野菜への影響の心配は無くなる。この様に天然繊維や生分解性高分子材料を使用したシートは、自然環境下に於いて分解或いは消滅して時代のニーズにマッチした環境に優しい商品といえる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
然し、防草シートの役目は、環境に優しく、雑草の繁殖を防止することだけであろうか。それだけでなく、例えば使い勝手は如何か、有効期間は如何か、価格は如何か等付加的ではあるが重要な項目があるのである。有効期間を考えて見ると、単純に耐久性があれば良いと云うものではない。長期間使用すれば本来の機能が低下するし、敷設状態が悪くなり、見た目にも見苦しくなるので、一定の期間を経過したら分解或いは消滅させて、新たなシートを敷設した方がトータル的には効果がある。又価格については加工費はもとより、材料費等も考慮することが必要となる。こうした点を考慮して従来技術を見ると、ココヤシ繊維を必須構成要件としたシートに於いては自然に穏やかなのは結構であるが、緩慢な生分解性を有し耐久性が良く、使用寿命が著しく長くなるとしているが、適度な有効期間ということを考えると必ずしも効果があるとは云えない。又、紙等の植物繊維を基材としたシートは、基材のみでは強度や耐久性等に支障があるため、シート状に加工した後生分解性或いは光分解性プラスチックを被覆させるものであるから、通気性、通水性に問題があり、それを解消するため孔を明けるようになっている。
【0004】
本発明の目的は、従来技術の問題点に鑑み、環境汚染の心配がないように、環境に優しく配慮しながら、使い勝手が良く、適度の有効期間即ち使用可能期間を有し、価格面に於いても効果のある防草シートを提供することである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項1記載の発明は、生分解性高分子材料であって、連通気泡が複雑に曲がり通じているスポンジ状発泡体を平板状に形成し、表面部から裏面部への通気及び通水を可能としながら遮光性を持たせたものである。この様に構成したことにより、自然環境のもとで分解、消滅するので汚染の心配がなく、環境に優しく配慮することが出来る。更に、発泡体としていることから軽量化が図れて持ち運びが簡単となり敷設も容易となる。又、発泡体がスポンジ状となっているから特別な処置や加工をせずに通気性と通水性があり、加えて遮光性も備わっていて防草シートとして非常に効果的である。更に又、発泡体であるので平板シートの状態と比べて分解が早く、防草シートとしての耐久性を適度に持たせることが出来るし、使用する材料が少ないので材料の節減が図れる。
【0006】
請求項2記載の発明は、生分解性高分子材料であって、連通気泡が複雑に曲がり通じているスポンジ状発泡体を平板状に形成したシートを基材とし、該基材の表面部と裏面部の両方或いは何れか一方側に、糸状もしくは織布状に形成された天然繊維を縦横もしくは全面に貼り付けて補強部材としたものである。この様に構成したことにより、環境に優しく、軽量化が図れて持ち運びが簡単となり敷設も容易で、特別な処置や加工をしなくとも通気性と通水性そして遮光性もあり、平板シートと比べて分解が早く、耐久性を適度に持たせることが出来、使用する材料が少ないので材料費の節減が図れると云う防草シートの重要な機能を持たせながら、補強部材によって強度アップを図ったので、外圧を受けやすい場所や敷設の仕方或いは外圧を受ける頻度が多い場所への対応も可能となる。
【0007】
請求項3記載の発明は、補強部材が糸状もしくは紐状で、基材の表面部と裏面部の両方或いは何れか一方側に、ランダムに面状に散布して貼り付けるようにしたものである。この様に構成したことにより、補強部材の基材への貼り付けは単純に散布するだけでよく、加工を簡単に行うことが出来る。
【0008】
請求項4記載の発明は、生分解性高分子材料として、端材や残材となった生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を使用し、該生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を細かく裁断し、平板状に接着接合したものである。この様に構成したことにより、防草シートとしての機能を損なうことなく、材料費を大巾に下げることが出来る。更に、端材や残材となった生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体は、処分するには費用と時間と人手がかかり、放置して置けば公害問題となり、業者にとっては悩みの種であるが、この屑材を再生利用することになるので、産業廃棄物対策にも貢献出来る。尚、ウレタン製発泡体は高分子材料の中で比較的機械的強度が高く、軽いのは勿論保水性が有り、気化熱により土中の温度上昇を下げるので、防草シートとして雑草の繁殖を防止しつつ、ミミズ等の益虫に対する生活環境を良くするという付加的効果もある。
【0009】
請求項5記載の発明は、端材や残材となった生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を細かく裁断し、接着接合してシート状部材となし、該シート状部材を基材とし、補強部材として屑綿や屑麻を使用したものである。この様に構成したことにより、防草シートとしての機能を損なうことなく、材料費を大巾に下げることが出来るのは勿論、屑綿や屑麻となってしまう使用済みの南京袋等を補強部材として再生利用するので、更に産業廃棄物対策に貢献出来る。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を実施例である図1〜図7に基づき詳細に説明する。図1は、本発明の一実施例を示す平面図であって、しかも発明の基本形態を表すものであり、図4を参照しながら、その構成を説明する。1は平板状であってスポンジ状の発泡体として形成された防草シートで、平面視長方形を呈している。材料は生分解性高分子で、特に耐候性、機械的強度に有利なウレタンが望ましい。表面部6と裏面部7は、シート状に加工した後特に表面処理をしなくても良いが、必要に応じて処理をしても差し支えない。この様に形成された防草シート1は単板シート(平板シート)に比べて空気と接触する表面積が何十倍も大きく、故に分解する速度が速くなる。然し、分解するまでの時間は、温度、水分量、紫外線照射時間、空気との接触度合い(敷設した時の泥等による目詰まりの度合い)等によって変化するので一概に推定するのは困難であるが、単板シートと比べると、より短時間で分解するのは云うまでもない。又、防草シート1は、独立気泡の発泡体でなく、連通気泡のスポンジ状発泡体を使用しているので、通気性と通水性はもとより、遮光性をも有している。その理由は、連通気泡が複雑に曲がり通じているためである。従って、防草シート1は、シート状に加工したまま(孔明加工をせずに)で使用可能となり、仮に必要に応じて表面部6と裏面部7を適度に表面処理しても残存する連通気泡により通気性と通水性が確保され、表面部6から入り込んだ水或いは大気は内部8を通り裏面部7より地面に通り抜ける。尚、防草シート1を平面視長方形と説明したが、実施例として説明したもので、これに限定されるものではなく、どのような形状であっても差し支えないことを付言して置く。又、防草シート1表面は着色するのが肝要で、黒色とするのが有利である。
【0011】
図2は、本発明による防草シートの他の実施例を示す平面図であるが、図5を参照しながら説明する。防草シート2は、防草シート1の表面部6と裏面部7に、或いは何れか一方に補強部材4を適切な方法で貼り付けた構成を基本とするものである。シートは必ずしも同じ条件で使用されるものではなく、場所や敷設の仕方等によって外圧を受ける頻度や力が異なる場合があり、条件によってはスポンジ状発泡体だけを基材としたシートでは強度的に対応出来ないこともある。補強部材4を貼り付けた防草シート2はこの様な時に対応させるためのものである。本実施例による補強部材4は、木綿や麻そして綿等の天然繊維を糸状又は織布状として、防草シート1即ち基材であるスポンジ状発泡体シートの上下両面に、或いは何れか一方側に適切な方法でもって貼り付けるようになっている。但し、糸状の場合は縦横に入れ、織布状の場合は全面に貼り付けることになる。尚、念のため付言すれば、すでに述べたように天然繊維は自然環境に於いて微生物等によって分解されるので、環境汚染の心配はなく、通気性や通水性もあり、補強部材4を貼り付けることによって防草シートの基本機能を損なうことはなく、使い方についても前述した特別な場所や敷設の仕方の所だけでなく、一般的な所への使用も勿論可能であることは云うまでもない。
【0012】
図3は、本発明による防草シートの更に他の実施例を示す平面図であり、図6を参照しながら更に説明する。防草シート3は、防草シート1の表面部6と裏面部7に、或いは何れか一方に補強部材5を適切な方法で散布し貼り付けた構成を基本とするものである。本実施例は、前述した防草シート2と同様の目的で開発され、異なる点は補強部材の構造である。補強部材5は補強部材4と同じように天然繊維を使用するが、基材であるスポンジ状発泡体シートへの貼り付け方が相違する。本実施例では短繊維状や糸状そして紐状の材料をランダムに面状に散布して貼り付けるものである。この様に形成された補強部材5を具備した防草シート3は、前記防草シート2と同様の目的で使用され、同様の効果を有するものである。
【0013】
次に、前記防草シート1、防草シート2、防草シート3を更に改良した実施例を説明する。公害対策そして環境汚染対策は、現在は勿論のこと将来に渡る人類共通の大問題であり、必ず成し逐げなければならないテーマである。この中で高分子材料いわゆるプラスチックの処理は重要課題の1つである。又、天然繊維だから自然に分解するといっても、ただ放置して置けば良いと云うものではなく、場合によっては公害問題に発展してしまうことになりかねない。本出願人はこの様な観点から端材や残材となったウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体と使用済みの南京袋や軍手等の屑綿糸や屑麻に着目した。前記端材や残材となったウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体が生分解性であり、南京袋や軍手等の屑綿糸や屑麻が天然繊維であることから、その利用方法を思考し防草シートへの応用を考えたのである。端材や残材となったウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体にしても使用済みの南京袋や軍手等の屑綿糸や屑麻にしても産業廃棄物で、処理については時間と費用更に人手がかかり、業者にとっては大きな悩みであった。放置して置けば公害となる材料を再生利用することで、公害対策そして環境汚染対策に少しは貢献できるのではと考えている。
【0014】
先ず最初に前記防草シート1の改良について説明する。該防草シート1の材料は、前述したようにスポンジ状発泡体の生分解性高分子材料(ウレタン製が有利)であるが、本実施例の主眼は、端材や残材となったウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を再生利用することである。即ち端材や残材となったウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を細かく裁断し、接着接合してシート状とするものである。この加工は比較的簡単に出来、成形されたシートもバージンシートを使用した前記防草シート1と略同等の機能を有している。
【0015】
次に補強部材4および5の改良について説明する。補強部材の材料は、補強部材4および5の部分で述べた通り、木綿や麻そして綿等の天然繊維を糸状又は織布状としたり、或いは短繊維状や紐状として使用するが、改良品については使用済みの南京袋や軍手等の屑綿糸や屑麻を糸状又は織布状としたり、或いは短繊維状や紐状に加工(場合によっては単に解すのみで使用可能)して再生利用するものである。尚、補強部材の防草シートへの貼り付けは、前述した防草シート2と防草シート3の時と同様であるので説明は省略する。
【0016】
それでは続いて、本発明による防草シートの使い方の一例を図7により説明する。図7は畑に使用した場合の説明図である。畑9は通路10に沿って作られていて、畦道11により複数に区画されている。該畦道には雑草が繁殖し、草取りは農家にとって大切な仕事の1つとなっている。そこで、防草シート1(もしくは2,3)を畦道に敷設すると、通気と通水は適度になされるものの太陽光が遮断されるので、雑草の育成が阻害されることになって繁殖が防止される。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上説明したように構成されているので、以下に説明するような効果を奏する。
【0018】
本発明による防草シートは、生分解性高分子材料であって、連通気泡が複雑に曲がり通じているスポンジ状発泡体を平板状に形成し、表面部から裏面部への通気及び通水を可能としながら遮光性を持たせたので、自然環境のもとで分解、消滅するので汚染の心配がなく、環境に優しく配慮することが出来、更に発泡体としていることから軽量化が図れて持ち運びが簡単となり敷設も容易となる上、発泡体がスポンジ状となっている為、特別な処置や加工をせずに通気性と通水性を有しており、加えて遮光性も備わっていて、防草シートとして非常に効果的である。更に又、発泡体であるので平板シートの状態と比べて分解が早く、防草シートとしての耐久性を適度に持たせることが出来るし、使用する材料が少ないので材料の節減が図れる
【0019】
更に、本発明による防草シートは、生分解性高分子材料であって、連通気泡が複雑に曲がり通じているスポンジ状発泡体を平板状に形成したシートを基材とし、該基材の表面部と裏面部の両方或いは何れか一方側に、糸状もしくは織布状に形成された天然繊維を縦横もしくは全面に貼り付けて補強部材としたので、環境に優しく、軽量化が図れて持ち運びが簡単となり敷設も容易で、特別な処置や加工をしなくとも通気性と通水性そして遮光性もあり、平板シートと比べて分解が早くしかもスポンジ状発泡体の生分解性高分子材料と天然繊維の自然界に於ける分解のスピードがそれ程大きな差はないので、全体としての耐久性を適度に持たせることが可能となるのと併せ、使用する材料が少ないので、材料費の節減が図れると云う防草シートの重要な機能を持たせながら、補強部材によって強度アップを図っている為、外圧を受けやすい場所や敷設の仕方或いは外圧を受ける頻度が多い場所へも対応させることが出来る。
【0020】
更に、本発明による防草シートは、補強部材が糸状もしくは紐状で、基材の表面部と裏面部の両方或いは何れか一方側に、ランダムに面状に散布して貼り付けるようにしたので、補強部材の基材への貼り付けは単純に散布するだけでよく、加工を簡単に行うことが出来る。
【0021】
更に、本発明による防草シートは、生分解性高分子材料として、端材や残材となった生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を使用し、該生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を細かく裁断し、平板状に接着接合したので、防草シートとしての機能を損なうことなく、材料費を大巾に下げることが出来る。更に、端材や残材となった生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体は、処分するには費用と時間と人手がかかり、放置して置けば公害問題となり、業者にとっては悩みの種であるが、この屑材を再生利用することになるので、産業廃棄物対策にも貢献出来る。尚、ウレタン製発泡体は高分子材料の中で比較的機械的強度が高く、軽いのは勿論保水性が有り、気化熱により土中の温度上昇を下げるので、防草シートとして雑草の繁殖を防止しつつ、ミミズ等の益虫に対する生活環境を良くするという付加的効果もある。
【0022】
更に、本発明による防草シートは、端材や残材となった生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を細かく裁断し、接着接合してシート状部材となし、該シート状部材を基材とし、補強部材として屑綿や屑麻を使用したので、防草シートとしての機能を損なうことなく、材料費を大巾に下げることが出来るのは勿論、屑綿や屑麻となってしまう使用済みの南京袋等を補強部材として再生利用するので、更に産業廃棄物対策に貢献出来る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による防草シートの一実施例を示す平面図である。
【図2】本発明による防草シートの他の実施例を示す平面図である。
【図3】本発明による防草シートの更に他の実施例を示す平面図である。
【図4】図1のA−A断面図である。
【図5】図2のB−B断面図である。
【図6】図3のC−C断面図である。
【図7】本発明による防草シートを畑に使用した場合の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 防草シート
2 防草シート
3 防草シート
4 補強部材
5 補強部材
6 表面部
7 裏面部
8 内部
9 畑
10 通路
11 畦道
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a weed control sheet for preventing the growth of weeds growing on ridges, road slopes, vacant lots and the like in fields.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, use of a plastic sheet has been known as a means for preventing the propagation of weeds. The method of utilization is to lay or cover a colored plastic sheet in places where weeds are not desirable in fields such as paddy fields, road slopes and vacant lots, orchards and vegetable fields, etc. And water such as rainwater. However, if the weather continues, the soil in the plastic sheet will be too dry and dusty, squirting from between the plastic sheet and the ground, and soaring in the wind. In the field, if it is laid at the base of fruit trees and vegetables, there is also a problem that water shortage and fruit trees and vegetables die. Therefore, a plurality of small holes are provided in the plastic sheet to provide water permeability and air permeability. However, plastics usually do not decompose in the natural world, and the plastic sheet that has finished its function must be cleared, but the labor is enormous. If the plastic sheet is neglected without much effort, it not only looks unclean, but also leads to serious environmental pollution. In an orchard and a vegetable field, the effect on fruit trees and vegetables also occurs. From such a viewpoint, a herbicidal sheet using a natural fiber or a biodegradable plastic has recently been developed. For example, coco fiber is used as an essential component, or coco fiber and cotton, natural fiber such as hemp or a biodegradable polymer material is mixed, and naturally has a gentle and slow biodegradability and has good durability, A herbicidal sheet having light-shielding properties and moderate water permeability (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-320984) and a sheet knitted with a material such as plant fiber, especially paper, coated with a biodegradable or photodegradable plastic, and is foldable and lightweight. Further, there is a weed suppression film (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-252838) which is provided with air permeability and water permeability, and further has an appropriate and uniform light-shielding property. Natural fibers are degraded by microorganisms in the natural environment, and biodegradable polymers are spontaneously decomposed into water and carbon dioxide gas and disappear. There is no need to worry about environmental pollution such as sheets and the effect on fruit trees and vegetables. Sheets using natural fibers or biodegradable polymer materials as described above can be said to be environmentally friendly products that meet the needs of the times by decomposing or disappearing in the natural environment.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
But is the purpose of the weed control sheet only to be environmentally friendly and to prevent weed propagation? Not only that, but there are additional but important items such as usability, expiration date, and price. Considering the validity period, it is not simply enough to have durability. If you use it for a long period of time, the original function will be reduced, the laying state will be worse, and it will be hard to see, so after a certain period of time, disassemble or disappear and lay a new sheet effective. It is necessary to consider not only the processing cost but also the material cost as well as the price. Considering these points, considering the prior art, it is fine for a sheet that has coconut fiber as an essential component, but it is moderately natural, but has slow biodegradability, good durability, and a long service life. Although it is said to be extremely long, it is not necessarily effective in view of an appropriate validity period. In addition, a sheet made of a plant fiber such as paper has a problem in strength and durability if the base material alone is used. Therefore, the sheet is processed into a sheet and then coated with a biodegradable or photodegradable plastic. However, there are problems with air permeability and water permeability, and holes are made to solve the problems.
[0004]
In view of the problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-use, moderately effective period, that is, a usable period, while giving due consideration to the environment so that there is no concern about environmental pollution. It is to provide an effective weed control sheet.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is a biodegradable polymer material, in which a sponge-like foam in which open cells are bent in a complicated manner is formed in a flat plate shape, and a front surface portion is formed on a back surface. It has a light-shielding property while allowing ventilation and water flow to the part. With such a configuration, it decomposes and disappears in the natural environment, so there is no need to worry about pollution, and the environment can be considered gently. Furthermore, since it is made of a foam, the weight is reduced, the carrying is easy, and the laying is easy. Further, since the foam is in the form of a sponge, it has air permeability and water permeability without any special treatment or processing, and also has a light-shielding property, so that it is very effective as a grass-proof sheet. Furthermore, since it is a foam, it can be quickly decomposed as compared with a flat sheet state, can have a moderate durability as a weed-proof sheet, and can use less material because it uses less material.
[0006]
The invention according to claim 2 is a biodegradable polymer material, wherein a base sheet is a sheet formed of a sponge-like foam in which communicating cells are bent in a complicated manner, and a surface portion of the base material. Threads or woven fabric-shaped natural fibers are stuck on both sides or on the entire surface on both or one of the back surfaces to form a reinforcing member. With this configuration, it is environmentally friendly, lightweight, easy to carry and easy to lay, has no ventilation, water permeability and light shielding without special treatment or processing. Decomposition is quick, the durability can be moderately maintained, and the material used is small, so the material cost can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to cope with a place where external pressure is likely to be applied, a laying method, or a place where external pressure is frequently applied.
[0007]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the reinforcing member is in the form of a string or a string, and is scattered and attached to both or one of the front surface and the back surface of the base material at random. . With this configuration, the reinforcing member can be simply attached to the base material by simply spraying, and can be easily processed.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 4 uses, as the biodegradable polymer material, a sponge foam made of a biodegradable urethane that has become an offcut or a residual material, and the sponge foam made of a biodegradable urethane is used. It is cut into small pieces and adhesively bonded in a flat plate shape. With such a configuration, the material cost can be significantly reduced without impairing the function as a grass sheet. Furthermore, the sponge foam made of biodegradable urethane, which has become scrap material and residual material, requires cost, time and manpower to dispose of it, and if left untreated, it poses a pollution problem. However, since this waste material will be recycled, it can also contribute to industrial waste countermeasures. In addition, urethane foam has relatively high mechanical strength among polymer materials, is light in weight, and of course has water retention, and reduces the temperature rise in the soil by heat of vaporization. There is also an additional effect of improving the living environment for beneficial insects such as earthworms while preventing them.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 5 is to finely cut a biodegradable urethane sponge-like foam that has become an offcut or a residual material, and to form a sheet-like member by adhesive bonding, the sheet-like member as a base material, Waste cotton and waste hemp are used as reinforcing members. With this configuration, it is possible to greatly reduce the material cost without impairing the function as a weed prevention sheet, as well as to reinforce the used Nanjing bags that become waste cotton and hemp. Because it is recycled as a member, it can further contribute to industrial waste countermeasures.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a basic mode of the present invention. The configuration will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes a flat sheet-shaped weed-proof sheet formed as a sponge-like foam, and has a rectangular shape in plan view. The material is a biodegradable polymer, particularly urethane, which is advantageous in weather resistance and mechanical strength. The front surface portion 6 and the back surface portion 7 do not have to be particularly subjected to a surface treatment after being processed into a sheet shape, but may be treated if necessary. The grass sheet 1 formed in this way has a surface area in contact with air tens of times greater than a single sheet (flat sheet), and therefore the decomposition speed is high. However, the time required for decomposition varies depending on the temperature, moisture content, ultraviolet irradiation time, degree of contact with air (degree of clogging due to mud, etc. when laid), and is difficult to estimate unconditionally. However, it goes without saying that it decomposes in a shorter time than a single-plate sheet. Moreover, since the grass-proof sheet 1 uses not a closed-cell foam but a continuous-cell sponge-like foam, it has not only air permeability and water permeability but also light-shielding properties. The reason is that the communication bubbles are complicatedly bent. Therefore, the herbicidal sheet 1 can be used as it is processed into a sheet shape (without drilling), and even if the front surface portion 6 and the back surface portion 7 are appropriately surface-treated as needed, the remaining communication is possible. Air permeability and water permeability are ensured by the air bubbles, and water or air entering from the front surface portion 6 passes through the inside 8 and passes through the back surface portion 7 to the ground. Although the weed prevention sheet 1 has been described as a rectangle in plan view, it is described as an example, and the invention is not limited to this. It is noted that any shape may be used. It is important that the surface of the weed control sheet 1 is colored, and it is advantageous to make the surface black.
[0011]
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the weed prevention sheet according to the present invention, which will be described with reference to FIG. The grass sheet 2 is based on a structure in which the reinforcing member 4 is attached to the front surface portion 6 and / or the back surface portion 7 of the grass sheet 1 by an appropriate method. Sheets are not always used under the same conditions, and the frequency and force of receiving external pressure may differ depending on the place and the way of laying, etc.Depending on the conditions, sheets using only sponge-like foam as base material There are times when we cannot respond. The grass sheet 2 to which the reinforcing member 4 is attached is intended to cope with such a case. The reinforcing member 4 according to the present embodiment is made of a natural fiber such as cotton, hemp, or cotton in the form of a thread or a woven fabric, and is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the grass-proof sheet 1, that is, the sponge-like foam sheet as a base material, or on one of the two sides. And stick it in an appropriate way. However, in the case of a thread, it is inserted vertically and horizontally, and in the case of a woven fabric, it is attached to the entire surface. It should be noted that, as a precautionary note, as described above, natural fibers are decomposed by microorganisms and the like in the natural environment, so there is no concern about environmental pollution, there is air permeability and water permeability, and the reinforcing member 4 is attached. It does not impair the basic function of the grass sheet by attaching it, and it goes without saying that it can be used not only for the special places and laying methods described above but also for general places. Absent.
[0012]
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing still another embodiment of the weed prevention sheet according to the present invention, which will be further described with reference to FIG. The grass sheet 3 is based on a structure in which the reinforcing member 5 is scattered and attached to the front surface portion 6 and / or the back surface portion 7 of the grass sheet 1 by an appropriate method. This embodiment is developed for the same purpose as the above-mentioned weed prevention sheet 2, and a different point is a structure of a reinforcing member. The reinforcing member 5 uses natural fibers as in the case of the reinforcing member 4, but differs in a method of sticking to a sponge-like foam sheet as a base material. In this embodiment, a short fiber, thread, or string material is randomly scattered and attached in a planar manner. The grass sheet 3 provided with the reinforcing member 5 formed in this manner is used for the same purpose as the grass sheet 2 and has the same effect.
[0013]
Next, an embodiment in which the grass sheet 1, the grass sheet 2, and the grass sheet 3 are further improved will be described. Pollution countermeasures and environmental pollution countermeasures are a major problem common to all human beings, not to mention now and in the future, and they must be solved. Among them, treatment of a polymer material, that is, plastic, is one of the important issues. Also, even if it is naturally decomposed because it is a natural fiber, it does not mean that it should just be left alone, and in some cases it may lead to pollution problems. From such a viewpoint, the present applicant has paid attention to urethane sponge-like foams, which are scraps and remaining materials, and used cotton thread and hemp used in Nanjing bags and work gloves. Since the urethane sponge-like foam that has become the scrap material and the remaining material is biodegradable, and the waste cotton thread and waste hemp of the Nanjing bag and gloves are natural fibers, the usage of the herbicidal sheet is considered considering the usage. I thought about an application to it. Even waste urethane sponge-like foams that have become scraps and residual materials are used as industrial waste, even used cotton cloth and hemp gloves such as used Nanjing bags and gloves. It was a big problem for the trader. We believe that recycling materials that can be polluted if left unchecked can contribute slightly to pollution control and environmental pollution control.
[0014]
First, an improvement of the weed control sheet 1 will be described. As described above, the material of the weed control sheet 1 is a biodegradable polymer material of a sponge-like foam (urethane is advantageous). Is to recycle the sponge-like foam made from the foam. That is, the urethane sponge-like foam that has become the end material or the remaining material is finely cut, and is adhesively bonded to form a sheet. This processing can be performed relatively easily, and the formed sheet has substantially the same function as that of the weed-proof sheet 1 using a virgin sheet.
[0015]
Next, improvement of the reinforcing members 4 and 5 will be described. As described in the section of the reinforcing members 4 and 5, the reinforcing member is made of a natural fiber such as cotton, hemp, or cotton in the form of a thread or a woven fabric, or a short fiber or a string. For waste cotton yarn or linen from used Nanjing bags or gloves, make it into a thread or woven fabric, or process it into a short fiber or string (in some cases, it can be used simply by unraveling) and reuse it. Things. The attachment of the reinforcing member to the grass sheet is the same as that of the grass sheet 2 and grass sheet 3 described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0016]
Next, an example of how to use the grass sheet according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram when used in a field. The field 9 is formed along a passage 10 and is divided into a plurality by ridges 11. Weeds proliferate in the ridges, and weeding is one of the most important tasks for farmers. Therefore, when weeding sheet 1 (or 2, 3) is laid on the ridge, ventilation and water flow are moderate, but sunlight is blocked, so weed growth is hindered and propagation is prevented. Is done.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects.
[0018]
The herbicidal sheet according to the present invention is a biodegradable polymer material, and a sponge-like foam in which communicating cells are bent in a complicated manner is formed in a flat plate shape, and ventilation and water flow from the surface portion to the back surface portion are formed. As it is possible, it has a light-shielding property, so it decomposes and disappears in the natural environment, so there is no need to worry about pollution, it can be considered environmentally friendly, and because it is made of foam, it is lightweight and portable. It is easy to lay and easy to lay, and because the foam is sponge-shaped, it has breathability and water permeability without special treatment or processing, and it also has light shielding properties, It is very effective as a grass sheet. Furthermore, since it is a foam, it can be quickly decomposed as compared with a flat sheet state, can have a moderate durability as a weed-proof sheet, and can use less material because it uses less material.
Further, the herbicidal sheet according to the present invention is based on a sheet formed from a biodegradable polymer material, and formed from a sponge-like foam in which open cells are bent in a complicated manner, in the form of a flat plate. Thread or woven fabric is attached to both sides and / or the whole surface to make a reinforcing member on both or one side and the other side, so it is environmentally friendly, lightweight and easy to carry. It is easy to lay, and it has breathability, water permeability and light shielding without any special treatment or processing, it is faster to decompose than a flat sheet, and it is a sponge-like foam biodegradable polymer material and natural fiber The speed of decomposition in the natural world is not so different, and it is possible to reduce the cost of materials by using less materials, while at the same time making it possible to have a moderate overall durability. Grass sheet While to have an important function, because it is aimed at strength up by the reinforcing member, it can be made to correspond also to the frequently place to receive the manner or external pressure of vulnerable places and laying the external pressure.
[0020]
Furthermore, in the grass-proof sheet according to the present invention, the reinforcing member is in the form of a thread or a string, and is scattered and attached to both or either one of the front surface portion and the back surface portion of the base material at random. In addition, the attachment of the reinforcing member to the substrate can be performed simply by spraying, and the processing can be easily performed.
[0021]
Further, the herbicidal sheet according to the present invention uses a biodegradable urethane sponge-like foam as a biodegradable polymer material, which is a waste material or a residual material. Since the body is cut into small pieces and bonded in a flat plate shape, the material cost can be significantly reduced without impairing the function as a weed prevention sheet. Furthermore, the sponge foam made of biodegradable urethane, which has become scrap material and residual material, requires cost, time and manpower to dispose of it, and if left untreated, it poses a pollution problem. However, since this waste material will be recycled, it can also contribute to industrial waste countermeasures. In addition, urethane foam has relatively high mechanical strength among polymer materials, is light in weight, and of course has water retention, and reduces the temperature rise in the soil by heat of vaporization. There is also an additional effect of improving the living environment for beneficial insects such as earthworms while preventing them.
[0022]
Furthermore, the herbicidal sheet according to the present invention is obtained by finely cutting a biodegradable urethane sponge-like foam that has become an offcut or a residual material, and bonding and bonding to form a sheet-like member. The use of waste cotton and hemp as the reinforcing member allows the material cost to be greatly reduced without impairing the function as a grass-proof sheet, and of course it becomes waste cotton and hemp. Recycled used Nanjing bags and the like as reinforcing members can further contribute to industrial waste countermeasures.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a weed prevention sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the weed prevention sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing still another embodiment of the grass sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram in a case where the weed control sheet according to the present invention is used in a field.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Weed-proof sheet 2 Weed-proof sheet 3 Weed-proof sheet 4 Reinforcement member 5 Reinforcement member 6 Surface part 7 Back part 8 Inside 9 Field 10 Passage 11 Levee

Claims (5)

生分解性高分子材料であって、連通気泡が複雑に曲がり通じているスポンジ状発泡体を平板状に形成し、表面部から裏面部への通気及び通水を可能としながら遮光性を持たせたことを特徴とする防草シート。It is a biodegradable polymer material that forms a sponge-like foam in which communicating bubbles are bent in a complicated manner into a flat plate shape, and has a light-shielding property while allowing ventilation and water flow from the front surface to the back surface. A grass sheet. 生分解性高分子材料であって、連通気泡が複雑に曲がり通じているスポンジ状発泡体を平板状に形成したシートを基材とし、該基材の表面部と裏面部の両方或いは何れか一方側に、糸状もしくは織布状に形成された天然繊維を縦横もしくは全面に貼り付けて補強部材としたことを特徴とする防草シート。A base material is a sheet formed of a biodegradable polymer material and a sponge-like foam in which communicating cells are bent in a complicated manner, and either or both of the front surface portion and the back surface portion of the base material A weed-proofing sheet, characterized in that natural fibers formed in the shape of a thread or a woven fabric are adhered to the sides and all over the surface to form a reinforcing member. 補強部材が糸状もしくは紐状で、基材の表面部と裏面部の両方或いは何れか一方側に、ランダムに面状に散布して貼り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項2記載の防草シート。3. The prevention device according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing member is in the form of a string or a string, and is scattered and attached to the front surface and / or the back surface of the base material in a random manner. Grass sheet. 生分解性高分子材料として、端材や残材となった生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を使用し、該生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を細かく裁断し、平板状に接着接合することを特徴とする請求項1記載の防草シート。As a biodegradable polymer material, a sponge foam made of biodegradable urethane, which is used as scrap material or residue, is used, and the sponge foam made of urethane is cut into small pieces and adhered to a flat plate. The grass sheet according to claim 1, wherein the sheet is joined. 端材や残材となった生分解性のウレタン製スポンジ状発泡体を細かく裁断し、接着接合してシート状部材となし、該シート状部材を基材とし、補強部材として屑綿や屑麻を使用したことを特徴とする請求項2及び請求項3記載の防草シート。The biodegradable urethane sponge-like foam, which has been left off or left over, is cut into small pieces and bonded to form a sheet-like member. The sheet-like member is used as a base material, and waste cotton or hemp is used as a reinforcing member. The weed control sheet according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014125837A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-07 Mitsui Kagaku Sanshi Kk Method for laying weed-proof sheet
CN108781935A (en) * 2018-08-29 2018-11-13 上海市农业科学院 A method of utilizing earthworm biological control corn field weed

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