JP2004178034A - File management method, recording device, reproducing device, and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recording/reproducing device preventing unnecessary increase in size of a file management area and allowing effective use of a data recording area on a disk. <P>SOLUTION: A positional information management table showing a table included in another management area is arranged, and positional information of a table unchanged from previously registered file management information is registered in this table. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for managing files recorded on a recording medium, particularly when recording and reproducing data in a file format on a randomly accessible recording medium such as an optical disk, a magnetic disk, or a semiconductor memory. It relates to a file management system to be used.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a recording medium such as an optical disk device or a magnetic disk device, data is recorded as a file in order to easily access a recorded data file. At this time, a file management system is used to manage these data files.
[0003]
A CD-ROM is a widely used magneto-optical disk. A file management system called ISO-9660 is generally used for CD-ROM, and a file system called UDF (Universal Disc Format) is widely used for DVD which is becoming popular as a higher density optical disk. ing. In the UDF, the directory structure is described using a table of a file identifier and a file entry for each directory.
[0004]
For recording and reproducing AV data, a system has been devised for performing file management by performing anchor descriptor (AIA) and file management information (MIA). In this file management system, an area for recording file data and an area for recording file management information are clearly separated (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-313378 (page 3-28)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When the above-described file management system for recording / reproducing AV data is used, additional recording of a disk such as a CD-R, which can be written only once, requires a large area for recording file management information. There was a point. That is, if the file management information area is not sufficiently reserved, the file management information area becomes insufficient before the file data area is completely used, and there is a problem that no more files can be written. However, in the above-mentioned known example, since a disk which can be erased and overwritten a plurality of times like a CD-RW is targeted, these problems are not considered at all.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a recording / reproducing apparatus capable of preventing a file management area from unnecessarily increasing in size and effectively using a data recording area on a disc.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the file management method according to the present invention,
When new file management information is added to an additional recording medium, only a portion of the information included in the file management information that is different from the already recorded file management information is recorded.
[0009]
Means for solving the specific problem are shown in the following (1) to (12).
(1) A file management method for managing file format data recorded on a recording medium, comprising at least two pieces of file management information, wherein a part of the first file management information is used as second file management information. A file management method characterized by handling.
(2) The file management method according to (1), wherein the second file management information has a table indicating a position in the first file management information.
(3) A file management method for managing data in a file format recorded on a recording medium, wherein the file management method has at least two pieces of file management information having a plurality of tables, and stores a part of the tables of the first file management information. A file management method characterized in that it is virtually handled as a table of second file management information.
(4) The file management method according to (3), wherein all the tables of the second file management information are different from the tables of the first file management information.
(5) The file management information according to (4), wherein the second file management information has a table indicating a position of a table of the first file management information used virtually. Method.
(6) The file management information according to (5), wherein the table indicating the position of the virtually used first file management information table included in the second file management information is the first file management information. A file management method having information indicating the position of the table following the table together with the position of the table.
(7) All the tables included in the second file management information, which are the file management information described in the above (5), are assigned numbers, and are virtually used included in the second file management information. A file management method, wherein a table indicating a position of a table of the first file management information is composed of a plurality of records, and the records are assigned the same numbers different from the table numbers.
(8) In the file management method according to the above (7), the record forming the table indicating the position of the virtually used first file management information table included in the second file management information is the first file. A file management method having a table number of a file following the table together with a table number of the file management information or a record number indicating the position.
(9) The file management method according to (7), wherein a certain table included in the second file management information indicates a position of a table following an arbitrary table or a record number indicating the position. File management method.
(10) A recording device that records data in a file format on a recording medium, and records file data in a file management method corresponding to any of the file management methods described in (1) to (9). A recording device characterized by the above-mentioned.
(11) A reproducing apparatus for reproducing file format data from a recording medium, wherein the reproducing apparatus reproduces file data from a recording medium corresponding to any one of the file management methods described in (1) to (9). A reproducing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.
(12) A recording medium for recording file management information corresponding to any one of the file management methods described in (1) to (9).
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings of specific embodiments.
[0011]
FIG. 2 shows details of file management information (MIA) devised for recording and reproducing AV data.
[0012]
In FIG. 2, 101a is a management information arrangement table 1, 103a is a file table 1, 103b is a file table 2, 104a is a recording area table 1, 104b is a recording area table 2, 105a is an allocation rule set table 1, and 106a is a file identifier. Tables 1 and 106b are file identifier tables 2 and 106c are file identifier tables 3.
[0013]
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, in the description of the objects in which the numbers in the figures are followed by the branch numbers a, b, c,. Indicates all objects to which a branch number is assigned after the number. For example, when the file table 103 is used, both the file tables 1 and 103a and the file tables 2 and 103b are shown.
[0014]
The management information arrangement table 101 records the arrangement information of each table in the file management information. Specifically, it is the recording start number of each table, the presence or absence of a continuation table from the table number, or the continuation table number. The table contents of each table can be referred to from the area arrangement information.
[0015]
The file table 103 includes information such as a file identifier table number corresponding to a file, link information indicating a directory relationship, a file attribute, a number of an extended attribute information table, a file type, a file creation time, and a file modification time. By referring to the file table, the number of the table corresponding to each file can be obtained.
[0016]
The recording area table 104 records information on the recording position of each file on the disk. More specifically, the information includes a recording start sector number, a recording start position, a recording end sector number, and a recording end position of the file. When reading the contents of the file data, the sector number where the file data is recorded is obtained from the recording area table, and the data is read.
[0017]
The allocation rule set table 105 records information on the divisional arrangement of data to be arranged on the disk. This defines the minimum division size when recording data on a disk so that data reading is performed continuously. For example, when sectors are used continuously in units of 4096 sectors (8 MB), 4096 is set as a parameter.
[0018]
The file identifier table 106 has information on the name of the file identifier and the length of the file identifier. When one file identifier table is 32 bytes, if 4 bytes are allocated to the file identifier length, a 28-byte data area can be allocated to the file identifier entity.
[0019]
Each of the above tables is composed of 32 bytes. If the recording area is insufficient, the data length to be recorded is set to 32 × n bytes (n is an integer of 2 or more) using a plurality of tables. Can be increased.
[0020]
FIG. 1 shows the details of the file management information of the present invention in contrast to FIG.
[0021]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 102a denotes a location information management table 1, and similarly to FIG. 2, 101a denotes a management information arrangement table 1, 103b denotes a file table 2, 104b denotes a recording area table 2, 105a denotes an allocation rule set table 1, and 106c denotes a file. It is an identifier table 3.
[0022]
As in FIG. 2, the management information arrangement table 101 records the arrangement information of each table in the file management information, specifically, the recording start number of each table, the presence or absence of a continuation table from the table number, or the continuation table number. You.
[0023]
The file table 103, the recording area table 104, the allocation rule set table 105, and the file identifier table 106 are the same as in FIG.
[0024]
In the position information management table 102, information indicating the position of a table located in different file management information is recorded. That is, assuming that FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are file management information for the same data, in FIG. 1, the position information management table 102 shows the position information of the file table 1, the recording area table 1, and the file identifier tables 1 and 2. It is. Specifically, the table number of the position information management table 102 is indicated as the table number of the file table 1, the recording area table 1, and the file identifier tables 1 and 2 in the management information arrangement table 101. The position information management table 102 refers to the file management information position where each table is recorded and the table position in the file management information. The details of the location information management table and its use will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0025]
If the area to be recorded in the table is insufficient, a plurality of tables can be used to increase the data length to be recorded.
[0026]
FIG. 7 shows an example for explaining the details of the position information management table 102 in FIG.
[0027]
7, reference numeral 701 denotes a position information management header, 702a denotes a position information management record 1, 702b denotes a position information management record 2, 702c denotes a position information management record 3, and 702d denotes a position information management record N.
[0028]
The position information management header 701 includes several bytes of information data indicating that this table is a position information management table, like the other tables, and the position information management record 702 includes The file management information position where the omitted table is recorded and the information of the table position in the file management information are included.
[0029]
FIG. 8 shows an example for explaining the details of the position information management record 702 in FIG.
[0030]
As shown in the figure, the position information management record 702 records the table number of the immediately preceding table, the file management information number in which the target table actually exists, the table number, and the table number in which the next table is located. ing.
[0031]
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 301 denotes a recording area of the optical disk, 302 denotes an anchor descriptor, 303 denotes file management information, and 304 and 305 denote files managed by the file management information.
[0032]
The recording area 301 of the optical disc has a sector structure of a predetermined length, and each sector can record 2048 bytes of data. Each sector is assigned a sector number sequentially from the center of the disk, and the sector number to be accessed can be specified by this sector number.
[0033]
The anchor descriptor 302 indicates an area where the file management information 303 is recorded. When the position of the file management area is changed, the reading position of the file management area can be changed by rewriting the anchor descriptor. Further, when a plurality of anchor descriptors are recorded in the anchor descriptor recording area, it is defined that only the last anchor descriptor is referred to.
[0034]
The file management information 303 is an area for managing information such as a recording position and a data size of a data file recorded on the optical disc, a file identifier (file name), and the like. That is, FIG. 1 corresponds to this region.
[0035]
The files 304 and 305 are data files recorded by the user, and the file 2 is a new file added after the file 1 is recorded or a file 1 in which the contents are changed.
[0036]
The difference between the system of the present invention and the conventional system will be clarified again with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 7, and 8 described above.
[0037]
In the system of FIG. 1 showing the features of the present invention, when the file management information 303 is added, only the table that has been changed from the conventional file management information is newly added in order to suppress the expansion of the recording area of the file management information 303. It is characterized in that it is additionally written as file management information.
[0038]
Therefore, the difference between FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 appears in the number of tables in the file management information 303.
[0039]
Specifically, the file table 1 103a, the recording area table 1 104a, the file identifier table 1 106a, and the file identifier table 2 106b included in FIG. 2 are not shown in FIG. 1, and an information management table 1 102a is added instead. . Since the contents of the position information management tables shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are simple, it can be seen that the area required for the file management information in FIG. 2 can be smaller than the conventional file management information.
[0040]
In FIG. 2, it has been described that the recording start number of each table, the presence / absence of a continuation table from the table number, or the continuation table number is recorded in the management information arrangement table 1 101a. For example, in the file identifier table 106, the file identifier table 1 is arranged at the table number 4, the file identifier table 2 is arranged at the table number 7, the file identifier table 3 is arranged at the table number 8, and the table number Information that there is no file identifier table following 8 is stored in the management information arrangement table 101.
File identifier table: (0004) ⇒ (0007) ⇒ (0008) ⇒ (FFFF)
It means that it is described in the format. However, (FFFF) indicates that the following table does not exist.
[0041]
On the other hand, in the file identifier table 106 in the system of FIG. 1, the position information of some file identifier tables is arranged in the table number 2 and the file number is stored in the table number 6 (it is actually unknown that the file identifier table is unknown). Information that the identifier table N is arranged and there is no file identifier table following the table number 8 is contained in the management information arrangement table 101.
File identifier table: (0002)
File identifier table: (0006) ⇒ (FFFF)
It is described in the format. Also for the location information management table,
Location information management table: (0002) ⇒ (FFFF)
Therefore, it can be interpreted that (0002) in which the file identifier table is arranged indicates that information on the file identifier table is stored in the position information management table. Also, data corresponding to the file identifier table 1 106a is recorded in the table number 4 of the second file management information 303, and data corresponding to the file identifier table 2 106b is recorded in the table number 3 of the fourth file management information 303. If the location information management record 702 in the location information management table
Record N:
Previous table number = FFFB (indicates the beginning of the file identifier table)
File management information number = 0002
Table number = 0004
Next table number = 0002 (indicating that the next table position information is in record N + 1)
When
Record N + 1:
Previous table number = 0002 (indicates that previous table position information is in record N)
File management information number = 0004
Table number = 0003
Next table number = 0006
, The file identifier table is the same as in FIG.
File identifier table: (0002, 0004) ⇒ (0004, 0003) ⇒ (0006) ⇒ (FFFF)
Link can be generated. However, it is assumed that (M, N) indicates that a table exists at the position of the table number N of the file management information M.
[0042]
Therefore, it can be understood that the system shown in FIG. 1 in which the expansion of the recording area of the file management information 303 is suppressed can have the same data information as the conventional system shown in FIG.
[0043]
By the way, data to be recorded on a disc must be able to be correctly reproduced even if the disc is scratched or stained. Therefore, separately from the data, an error detection code and an error correction code are added so that errors can be detected and corrected, and then recorded on the disk. For this purpose, each sector data is converted into a unit data shape, and some unit data are collectively added with an error correction code.
[0044]
FIG. 4 shows a method of configuring unit data.
[0045]
Each sector has a data area of 2048 bytes, and the sector data to be recorded is recorded in this area. A 4-byte data identification code (ID) for data identification, a 2-byte IED as an ID error detection code, and a 6-byte RSV as a spare data area are added to the sector data. A 4-byte error detection code EDC for detecting a data error is added to the last part of the recording data, and a data unit is constituted as a total of 2064 bytes of data. Each unit data is handled in the form of 172 bytes and 12 rows.
[0046]
FIG. 5 shows a method of configuring an ECC block.
[0047]
The unit data of 172 bytes and 12 rows configured as shown in FIG. 4 is collected for 16 sectors to form an ECC block. In the vertical direction, a 16-byte error correction code (PO) is attached to each row. Each row is 208 rows, with 16 bytes of error correction code added to 192 rows of data for 12 rows and 16 units.
[0048]
A 10-byte error correction code (PI) is added to the data in each column to form 182-byte data. Thereby, it is recorded on the optical disc as data of 182 bytes and 208 lines.
[0049]
Here, a CRC code (cyclic code) may be used for each error detection code. Also, a Reed-Solomon code (RS code) may be used as the error correction code.
[0050]
With the above-described processing, correct data can be obtained even when data is recorded and reproduced on the optical disc and unreadable data occurs due to scratches, dust, and the like.
[0051]
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a recording apparatus according to the present invention.
[0052]
6, 601 is an optical disk, 602 is an optical head, 603 is a signal processing circuit, 604 is a control microcomputer, 605 is a servo, 606 is an interface, and 607 is an input / output terminal.
[0053]
Information recorded on the optical disk 601 is read out by the optical head 602, and demodulated by the signal processing circuit 603. These demodulated data are subjected to decoding processing such as error correction processing, and sector data is output to an external host PC (not shown) via the interface 606 and the input / output terminal 607. The control microcomputer 604 receives an instruction from an external host PC or the like, and controls the entire apparatus so as to access a designated sector.
[0054]
During recording, sector data is input from an external host PC or the like via the input / output terminal 607 and the interface 606. The input data is subjected to an encoding process such as addition of an error correction code by a signal processing circuit 603, and then to a modulation process capable of writing to an optical disc. Data is written to The control microcomputer 604 receives an instruction from an external host PC or the like, and controls the entire apparatus so as to perform writing to a specified sector.
[0055]
The servo 605 performs control such as rotation control of the optical disk and tracking processing of the optical head in accordance with an instruction from the control microcomputer 604.
[0056]
First, an operation for reading a file by an apparatus corresponding to the file management information not including the position information management table shown in FIG. 2 will be described.
[0057]
When the optical disk 601 is inserted into the disk drive, the control microcomputer 604 detects this, and notifies the host PC via the interface 606 and the input / output terminal 607 that the disk has been inserted.
[0058]
Upon receiving the disk insertion notification, the host PC first instructs reading of the anchor descriptor 302. In the anchor descriptor 302, a sector number in which the main file management information 303 is written is recorded.
[0059]
The host PC obtains the sector number in which the file management information 303 is recorded based on the read anchor descriptor 302, and reads the file management information.
[0060]
In the file management information 303, all information on the file, such as the file identifier of the file, information on the recording position, and the directory structure, is recorded as a table.
[0061]
When reading a predetermined file using the file management information, first, the management information arrangement table 101 is read. From the data in the management information arrangement table, all the file tables 103 recorded in the same file management information are searched. In each file table 103, the number of the file identifier table corresponding to the file table is written, so that a file having a file identifier table that matches the file name to be read is searched. At this time, the directory is also analyzed from the directory structure information written on the file table to find a desired file table.
[0062]
After the file table 103 is searched, information on the sector number and the number of recording bytes of the file to be read is obtained from the recording area information in the recording area table 104 corresponding to the file table. Data is read from the optical disk information sector based on this information.
[0063]
Next, an operation for reading a file by an apparatus corresponding to the file management information including the position information management table shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
[0064]
When the optical disk 601 is inserted into the disk drive device, the control microcomputer 604 detects this and notifies the host PC via the interface 606 and the input / output terminal 607 that the disk has been inserted.
[0065]
Upon receiving the disk insertion notification, the host PC first instructs reading of the anchor descriptor 302. In the anchor descriptor 302, a sector number in which the main file management information 303 is written is recorded.
[0066]
The host PC obtains the sector number in which the file management information 303 is recorded based on the read anchor descriptor 302, and reads the file management information.
[0067]
The file management information 303 includes information tables relating to the file, such as file identifiers, recording position information, and directory structures, which are different from tables in other file management information, and are included in other file management information. A table indicating the position of the information table which needs to be referred to is recorded.
[0068]
When reading a predetermined file using the file management information, first, the management information arrangement table 101 is read. From the data in the management information arrangement table, all the file tables 103 recorded in the same file management information and all the file tables included in other file management information registered in the position information management table 102 are extracted. Search by the method described earlier. In each file table 103, the number of the file identifier table corresponding to the file table is written, so that a file having a file identifier table that matches the file name to be read is searched. At this time, the directory is also analyzed from the directory structure information written on the file table to find a desired file table.
[0069]
After the file table 103 is searched, information on the sector number and the number of recording bytes of the file to be read is obtained from the recording area information in the recording area table 104 corresponding to the file table. Data is read from the optical disk information sector based on this information.
[0070]
Further, in order to record the file management information 303 in this apparatus, various tables newly changed when a file is newly created, changed, or deleted are stored during operation, and as a result, a change occurs. Record only the table as new file management information. At this time, for the table that has not been changed, the information is stored in the position information management table as it is in the file management information 303 recorded immediately before and the table that has been handled as before is stored in the file management information 303, In the file management information 303, information indicating that the table exists in the immediately preceding file management information in the position management table is newly added to the position information management for the table handled normally.
[0071]
In the above example, the position information management record 702 records the table number of the immediately preceding table, the file management information number in which the target table actually exists, the table number, and the table number in which the next table is located. However, the format is not particularly limited as long as there is a means for associating various tables with information indicating a location where a table position requiring reference is recorded, and various modifications are possible. For example, if the total number of tables in the file management information 303 does not reach 8000 or more, 0000 to 7FFF are assigned to the table number, and numbers 8000 to FFFF excluding the special code are assigned to the position information management record in the position information management table. As a result, the position information management record number can be handled in the same manner as the table number. Therefore, the head of the file identifier table in FIG. 1 is not directly set to 0002 as described above, but directly indicates the position information management record number. Thus, the configuration can be simplified. In this case, the table number of the previous table is not required, and the table number or the position information management record number can be directly written in the table number where the next table is located, and the same effect can be obtained. Becomes possible.
[0072]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, in particular, when adding new file management information to a write-once recording medium, recording only a portion of the information included in the file management information that is different from the already recorded file management information Thus, the area on the disk can be used effectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram of file management information.
FIG. 2 is a diagram (conventional) of file management information.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the structure of main file management information.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a data unit structure of sector data.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a data structure in an ECC block.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a recording / reproducing apparatus.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a structure of a position information management table.
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a structure of a position information management record.
[Explanation of symbols]
101 Management information arrangement table
102 Location information management table
103 File Table
104 Recording area table
105 Allocation rule set table
106 File identifier table
301 Recording area of optical disk
302 anchor descriptor
303 File management information
304 File 1
305 File 2
601 optical disk
602 optical head
603 signal processing circuit
604 control microcomputer
605 servo
606 interface
607 I / O terminal
701 Location information management header
702 Location information management record

Claims (12)

A file management method for managing data in a file format recorded on a recording medium,
It has at least two file management information,
A file management method characterized in that a part of the first file management information is treated as second file management information. The file management method according to claim 1, wherein
A file management method, wherein the second file management information has a table indicating a position in the first file management information. A file management method for managing data in a file format recorded on a recording medium,
Has at least two file management information having a plurality of tables,
A file management method, wherein a part of the table of the first file management information is virtually handled as a table of the second file management information. The file management method according to claim 3, wherein
A file management method, wherein all tables of the second file management information are different from the table of the first file management information. The file management information according to claim 4, wherein
A file management method, wherein the second file management information includes a table indicating a position of a table of the first file management information used virtually. The file management information according to claim 5, wherein
The table indicating the position of the virtually used first file management information table included in the second file management information includes information indicating the position of the table following the table together with the position of the table of the first file management information. A file management method characterized in that: The file management information according to claim 5, wherein
Numbers are assigned to all tables included in the second file management information,
The table indicating the position of the virtually used first file management information table included in the second file management information is composed of a plurality of records, and the same numbers are assigned to the records so as to be different from the table numbers. A file management method characterized by being performed. The file management method according to claim 7, wherein
The record that constitutes the table indicating the position of the virtually used first file management information table included in the second file management information includes the table number of the first file management information and the position of the table following the table, or A file management method having a record number indicating the position. The file management method according to claim 7, wherein
A file management method, wherein a certain table included in the second file management information indicates a position of a table following an arbitrary table or a record number indicating the position. A recording device that records data in a file format on a recording medium,
10. A recording apparatus for recording file data by a file management method corresponding to any one of the file management methods according to claim 1. A reproducing apparatus for reproducing data in a file format from a recording medium,
10. A reproducing apparatus for reproducing file data from a recording medium compatible with the file management method according to any one of claims 1 to 9. A recording medium,
10. A recording medium for recording file management information corresponding to any one of the file management methods according to claim 1.

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