JP2004167062A - Wound outside fixing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wound outside fixing apparatus capable of shortening time required to completely recover from a fracture by performing the bending and stretching rehabilitation of a joint even during the treatment period of the fracture. <P>SOLUTION: This wound outside fixing apparatus is composed of an attachment member 1 disposed near a joint 5, provided with pin support parts 2a, 2b (further supported to moving bodies 21a, 21b) at or near both end parts and attached to bones 4a, 4b, and pins 3a, 3b supported by the pin support parts 2a, 2b and thrusted into the bones 4a, 4b. The attachment member 1 is formed to be freely bent or curved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an external fixator used for fracture treatment and bone lengthening treatment.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
When joining bones separated by a fracture or the like, for example, an external fixator as disclosed in JP-A-2002-172119 is used.
[0003]
This external fixator has a configuration in which an auxiliary member having pin support portions provided at both ends thereof and a pin supported by the pin support portion, and the auxiliary member is arranged beside a bone cut off by a fracture. Then, each pin is inserted through the bone to fix the cut bone, and after the cut part disappears due to the subsequent growth of the bone (after the fracture has healed), the pin is removed from the bone. is there.
[0004]
By the way, a non-bending member is employed as an additional member of the external fixator. This non-flexible additional member is very suitable from the viewpoint of fixing the bone.
[0005]
However, when an external fixator employing such an inflexible additional member is used to treat a fracture of a finger, for example, the finger has a small bone and is close to a joint. Unless the bone is straddled and penetrated into the bone, the bone cut by the fracture cannot be properly fixed, and in this case, the bending and extension of the finger cannot be performed at all.
[0006]
Therefore, after the treatment period of the fracture in the state that the finger cannot be bent at all, if the finger bending and stretching rehabilitation is not performed for a long period of time, the finger cannot be bent and stretched as before, and eventually the bone is completely cured. Takes a very long time.
[0007]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and provides an innovative external fixator that can perform bending and extension rehabilitation of a joint even during a treatment period for a fracture, thereby shortening the time required for complete healing of the fracture. Things.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
Pin support portions 2a and 2b are provided at both ends or in the vicinity thereof, and an additional member 1 is provided to be attached to the bones 4a and 4b, respectively, and is supported by the pin support portions 2a and 2b and inserted into the bones 4a and 4b. An external fixation device comprising a pair of pins 3a and 3b and disposed near the joint 5, wherein the additional member 1 is configured to be bendable or bendable. Pertains to vessels.
[0010]
Further, in the external fixator according to claim 1, each of the pins 3a and 3b is inserted into one of the bones 4a and the other of the bones 4b connected via the joint 5, respectively. The auxiliary member 1 is related to an external fixator characterized in that it is configured to bend or bend with the bending and extension of the joint 5.
[0011]
Further, in the external fixator according to the second aspect, when the additional member 1 is bent or bent by bending or stretching of the joint 5, a resistance mechanism for resisting the bending or bending of the additional member 1 is provided. The present invention relates to a characteristic external fixator.
[0012]
In addition, in the external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the additional member 1 is configured such that the first additional member 6a and the second additional member 6b are connected via the bent portion 7 or the bent portion. The external fixator according to claim 1, wherein the first additional member 6a and the second additional member 6b are connected to each other by an elastic body 8 in an extended and urged state. Things.
[0013]
The external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the external fixator is attached to the finger 9 when the finger 9 is broken. It relates to an external fixator.
[0014]
Function and effect of the present invention
For example, the additional member 1 is attached to the side of the bones 4a and 4b of the finger 5 separated by the fracture or the like, and the pins 3a and 3b supported by the pin supporting portions 2a and 2b of the additional member 1 are connected to the joint 5. When the cut bones 4a and 4b are fixed by inserting the bones 4a and 4b, respectively, through the intervening bones 4a and 4b, the bones 4a and 4b grow in the cut portion 10 and the cut portions 10a and 4b grow. Gradually disappears.
[0015]
When the finger 5 is bent and stretched in a situation where the cutaway portion 10 has disappeared to some extent (in a state where the fracture has not been completely cured and the treatment has progressed to some extent), the attached member 1 bends with the bending and stretching of the finger 5. Alternatively, since the finger 5 is curved, the finger 5 can be bent and stretched and rehabilitated.
[0016]
That is, since the bending and extension rehabilitation of the finger 5 and the like can be performed before the fracture is completely cured, and the period during which the finger 5 cannot be extended is shortened, the period of the bending and extension rehabilitation can be shortened. It is possible to shorten a fracture treatment period before bending and stretching can be performed.
[0017]
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is an epoch-making external fixator that can perform bending and rehabilitation during the treatment period of the fracture and can shorten the time required for the complete healing of the fracture (treatment period).
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The drawings illustrate one embodiment of the present invention and will be described below.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, an additional member 1 attached to the bones 4a and 4b, pin support portions 2a and 2b provided at both ends of the additional member 1, respectively, are supported by the pin support portions 2a and 2b. An external fixation device comprising a pin 3a and 3b inserted into the bones 4a and 4b, wherein the additional member 1 is configured to be bendable.
[0020]
As the additional member 1, a rod-shaped first additional member 6 a and a rod-shaped second additional member 6 b are linearly connected via a bent portion 7.
[0021]
The bent portion 7 has a first attached member 6a provided with a convex portion 11, and a second attached member 6b provided with a concave portion 12 into which the convex portion 11 is inserted. Is provided with a communication hole (not shown) for communicating when the convex portion 11 is inserted into the concave portion 12, and a shaft 13 is inserted into the communication hole, and the first additional member is provided with the shaft 13 as a fulcrum. A structure in which the second attachment member 6b and the second attachment member 6b are bent is employed.
[0022]
Protrusions 25a and 25b are provided on the surfaces (upper surface in FIG. 1) of the first additional member 6a and the second additional member 6b and at positions adjacent to the bent portion 7.
[0023]
When the auxiliary member 1 is about to bend toward the surface of the auxiliary member 1, the protrusions 25 a and 25 b abut against each other, and the protrusions 25 a and 25 b are bent toward the surface of the auxiliary member 1. Becomes impossible.
[0024]
The protruding portions 25a and 25b are provided with fitting holes 25a 'and 25b' for fitting the pins 3a and 3b, and the protruding portions 25a and 25b are further fitted into the fitting holes 25a 'and 25b'. Lock screws 22a and 22b are provided, which are capable of pressing and locking the pins 3a and 3b. Accordingly, the protruding portions 25a and 25b also function as the pin supporting portions 2a and 2b that support the pins 3a and 3b, similarly to the moving bodies 21a and 21b described later.
[0025]
The pin supporting portions 2a and 2b are provided with fitting holes 21a 'and 21b' for fitting the pins 3a and 3b into moving bodies 21a and 21b which move in the length direction of the attached member 1 with respect to the attached member 1. The movable bodies 21a and 21b are provided with lock screws 23a and 23b that can be freely inserted and removed to press and lock the pins 3a and 3b fitted in the fitting holes 22a and 22b.
[0026]
In the drawings, the moving bodies 21a and 21b (projecting portions 25a and 25b) are provided with two fitting holes 21a 'and 21b' (fitting holes 25a 'and 25b'), respectively. The number of the pins 3a and 3b that can be inserted into the bones 4a and 4b depends on the size of the bones 4a and 4b to be treated and the complexity of the fracture. A suitable one is adopted depending on factors such as the size.
[0027]
The first additional member 6a and the second additional member 6b are formed with recessed grooves 20a and 20b.
[0028]
Inside the concave grooves 20a and 20b, screw rods 26a and 26b extending in the extending direction of the concave grooves 20a and 20b are provided, respectively, and the lower portions of the moving bodies 21a and 21b are screwed into the screw rods 26b and 26b. Therefore, the moving bodies 21a and 21b are configured to be guided and moved by the concave grooves 20a and 20b by the rotation of the screw rods 26b and 26b.
[0029]
The ends of the screw rods 26a and 26b are exposed from the first and second attachment members 6a and 6b so that the screw rods 26a and 26b can be rotated. Is set to
[0030]
With this configuration, when the screw rods 26a and 26b are rotated, the moving bodies 21a and 21b screw with the screw rods 26a and 26b, and inevitably change the distance between the moving bodies 21a and 21b. It becomes possible.
[0031]
Further, the first additional member 6a and the second additional member 6b have an outer cylinder 14 having one end pivotally connected to an end of the first additional member 6a, and the other end having the other end of the second additional member 6b. The outer cylinder 14 is fitted on the inner rod 15 and a telescopic cylinder 16 slidably movable with respect to the outer cylinder 14 is provided in an extended state.
[0032]
The proximal end of a spring-like elastic body 8 having a bias in the extension direction is connected to the distal end of the inner rod 15. The distal end of the elastic body 8 is connected to the inner wall end of the outer cylinder 14.
[0033]
Therefore, the first additional member 6a and the second additional member 6b are always in a state where the protruding portions 25a and 25b are in contact with each other due to the urging force of the elastic body 8, that is, the first additional member 6a and the second additional member 6b are in contact with each other. The two additional members 6b are maintained in a single rod shape.
[0034]
Furthermore, when a bending bias acts on the additional member 1, the telescopic cylinder 16 contracts, and the telescopic cylinder 16, the first additional member 6a, and the second additional member 6b become triangular. However, at this time, the expandable tubular body 16 is subjected to the extension bias by the elastic body 8, and the first additional member 6a and the second additional member 6b try to return to the original single rod shape. That is, the bending of the additional member 1 receives resistance.
[0035]
The pins 3a and 3b are of a type in which a drill-shaped blade is formed on the peripheral surface of the tip. The pins 3a and 3b may be appropriately selected, such as needle-shaped ones, depending on the condition of the bones 4a and 4b into which the pins 3a and 3b are inserted.
[0036]
The present embodiment is used particularly for treatment when a fracture near the joint 5 of the finger 9 is performed, and a method of using the same will be described below.
[0037]
First, in order to properly fix the dissected bone 4a, a total of eight pins 3a (3a '...) Are attached to both the bone 4a dissected by the fracture and the bone 4b connected to the dissected bone 4a via the joint 5. 3a ") and 3b (3b 'and 3b") (especially when the pins 3a "and 3b" supported by the projections 25a and 25b are inserted into the bones 4a and 4b, the pins 3a and 3b are later inserted). Is inserted in consideration of the fact that the bent portion 7 of the additional member 1 supporting the joint 5 is disposed closest to the joint 5).
[0038]
Subsequently, the attachment member 1 is positioned near the finger 9, and the positions of the pin supporting portions 2 a and 2 b (moving bodies 21 a and 21 b) are adjusted so that the bending portion 7 can be bent by bending and extending the joint 5. To support the pins 3a and 3b inserted into the bones 4a and 4b.
[0039]
At this time, the attached member 1 is maintained in a single rod shape by the extension urging action of the telescopic cylinder 16 and the contact action of the protruding portions 25a and 25b. Unless the joint 5 is bent, the attached member 1 is prevented from bending at the bending portion 7. Therefore, the pins 3a and 3b that fix the bones 4a and 4b do not move until the dissection 10 caused by the fracture disappears due to the growth of the bone 4a, that is, until the treatment of the fracture is completed to some extent. The bones 4a and 4b can be kept fixed. In this state, by moving the two moving bodies 21a and 21b to the bent portion 7 side, a force can be applied in a direction in which the separating portion 10 sticks, and in this respect, the treatment of the separating portion 10 can be performed well. The fixed bones 4a and 4b are achieved.
[0040]
After the treatment of the fracture is completed to a certain extent, a bending and stretching rehabilitation for bending and stretching the joint 5 of the finger 9 is performed. The bending and extension rehabilitation of the finger 9 can be performed while the bones 4a and 4b are fixed by the pins 3a and 3b, that is, while the treatment of the fracture is continued, since the attached member 1 is configured to be bendable. .
[0041]
In addition, since the rehabilitation of the finger 9 is started from the stage where the treatment of the fracture has been completed to a certain extent, the period during which the finger 9 is not moved at all in order to eliminate the cutout portion 10 is short, and the muscle of the finger 9 is less weakened. In addition, the bending and extension rehabilitation period can be shortened.
[0042]
In addition, the bending and extension rehabilitation of the finger 9 is inevitably received because the bending of the attached member 1 is resisted by the extension and urging action of the telescopic cylinder 16, and therefore, the bending and extension rehabilitation of the finger 9 is to some extent. Satisfactorily performed under the load of
[0043]
After the fracture is completely healed, the pins 3a and 3b are removed from the bones 4a and 4b. Then, the bending and stretching rehabilitation of the finger 9 is continued as appropriate. At this time, since the bending and stretching rehabilitation of the finger 9 has already progressed to some extent, the finger 9 can be freely bent and stretched immediately before the fracture.
[0044]
In addition, the attachment of the external fixator to the finger 9 according to the present embodiment is not limited to the above-described process, and may be the following process in addition to this.
[0045]
That is, first, the pin support portions 2a and 2b (moving body 21a) at both ends of the attached member 1 are attached to both the bone 4a separated by the fracture and the bone 4b connected to the separated bone 4a via the joint 5. Insert a total of four pins 3a (3a ') and 3b (3b') supported by 21b).
[0046]
Subsequently, the attachment member 1 is positioned near the finger 9, and the positions of the pin support portions 2a and 2b (moving bodies 21a and 21b) are adjusted, and the positions of the pin support portions 2a and 2b (moving bodies 21a and 21b) are adjusted. The pins 3a (3a ') and 3b (3b') are supported. At this time, by appropriately moving the pin support portions 2a and 2b (moving bodies 21a and 21b) supporting the pins 3a (3a ') and 3b (3b'), the bending portion 7 of the additional member 1 causes the joint 5 to bend and extend. Thus, the position can be adjusted so as to be a position where the bending portion 7 can be satisfactorily bent (the position where the bending portion 7 of the additional member 1 is disposed closest to the joint 5).
[0047]
Subsequently, a total of four pins 3a (3a ″) and 3b (3b ″) are fitted into the fitting holes 25a ′ and 25b ′ of the protruding portions 25a and 25b of the attached member 1, and the pins 3a (3a ″) are fitted. 3b (3b ″) is inserted into the bones 4a and 4b.
[0048]
Therefore, in this step, the movement of the pin supporting portions 2a and 2b (moving bodies 21a and 21b) is performed by adjusting the positions of the insertion holes 21a 'and 21b' with respect to the pins 3a and 3b, and by adjusting the bending portion 7. It can also be effectively used to adjust the joint 5 to a position where the joint can be satisfactorily bent (the position where the bent portion 7 is disposed closest to the joint 5).
[0049]
Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, it is possible to start the bending and stretching rehabilitation of the joint 5 during the treatment of the fracture during the treatment of the fracture occurring near the joint 5 such as the finger 9, and thus, before the fracture. It is an extremely innovative external fixator that can shorten the period until the joint 5 can be freely moved as shown in FIG.
[0050]
In addition, since the auxiliary member 1 is provided with a function of resisting bending, the bending and extension rehabilitation of the joint 5 can be performed in a state where a load is applied. Also in this respect, the period until the joint 5 can be freely moved as before the fracture can be shortened.
[0051]
In addition, the function provided in the additional member 1 to resist bending serves to maintain the additional member 1 in a single rod shape, and thus the function until the detached portion 10 caused by the fracture disappears. The additional member 1 is prevented from being bent in between, and the function of fixing the bones 4a and 4b of the external fixator can also be favorably exhibited.
[0052]
In addition, since the configuration provided in the auxiliary member 1 for resisting bending is housed inside the first concave groove, the component does not become a hindrance when treating a fracture. Fractures can be satisfactorily treated.
[0053]
In addition, since the distance between the pin supporting portions 2a and 2b that support the pins 3a and 3b can be adjusted, the pins 3a and 3b can be inserted into appropriate positions according to the bone to be fixed. The joint 5 can be moved to a position where the joint 5 can be flexed and stretched satisfactorily, and the joint 5 can be flexibly stretched and rehabilitated.
[0054]
In this embodiment, the configuration in which the additional member 1 is bent has been described. However, the same applies to a configuration in which the additional member 1 is curved. Also, the mechanism using the extension and urging action of the elastic body 8 has been described as a mechanism for the attached member 1 to resist bending. For example, the elastic body is provided on the opposite side to the present embodiment, and the elastic body is contracted. The same applies to those utilizing the urging action.
[0055]
This embodiment is particularly suitable for treating a fracture near the joint 5 where the bone of the finger 9 or the like is small. For example, a fracture near a joint such as a knee or an elbow is treated. It can be adopted also when doing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory perspective view of an additional member 1 of the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory perspective view showing a state in which the additional member 1 of the present embodiment is bent.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory perspective view showing a treatment state of a fracture of a finger 9 according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view showing a treatment state of a fracture of a finger 9 according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a bending and stretching rehabilitation state of the finger 9 according to the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Additional members 2a and 2b Pin support portions 3a and 3b Pins 4a and 4b Bone 5 Joint 6a First additional member 6b Second additional member 7 Bending portion 8 Elastic body 9 Finger

Claims (5)

Pin support portions are provided at or near both ends, and an additional member attached to the bone and a pin supported by the pin support portion and inserted into the bone are provided near the joint. An external fixator, wherein the additional member is configured to be bendable or bendable. 2. The external fixator according to claim 1, wherein each of the pins is inserted into one of the bones and the other of the bones connected to each other via a joint, and the attached member is connected to the joint by the joint. An external fixator characterized by being configured to bend or bend with bending. 3. The external fixator according to claim 2, further comprising a resistance mechanism for resisting bending or bending of the additional member when the additional member bends or bends due to bending or stretching of the joint. Fixator. The external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the additional member has a configuration in which the first additional member and the second additional member are connected to each other via a bent portion or a curved portion. Further, the external fixator is characterized in that the first additional member and the second additional member are connected by an elastic body in an extended and urged state. The external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the external fixator is attached to the finger when the finger is fractured.

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