JP2004161784A - Fuel oil c property controller and fuel oil c preparing system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel oil C property controller responsive to a prescribed measuring temperature with a high preparing accuracy of various kinds of base materials and to provide a fuel oil C preparing system. <P>SOLUTION: There are provided a property detecting part 111 provided on a unified line LM in which lines L1, L2... are unified and detecting sulfur concentration and kinematic viscosity of the fuel oil C flowing through the unified line and a property controlling part 112 controlling the flow rate of at least two kinds of base materials having different sulfur concentrations so as to provide the sulfur concentration of the fuel oil C with a prescribed value and controlling the flow rates of at least the two kinds of base materials having different kinematic viscosities so as to provide the kinematic viscosity of the fuel oil C with a prescribed value in each of base materials K1, K2.... The property controlling part 111 performs PI control of the sulfur concentration without providing a dead zone thereto and further PI control by providing the kinematic viscosity with a dead zone. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a C-fuel oil property control device and a C-fuel oil mixing system that include a property detection unit capable of obtaining the same accuracy as property detection by LABO (test laboratory) on-line, and that can automatically mix various base materials. In particular, the present invention relates to the property control device and the C heavy oil blending system, which have high blending accuracy of various base materials and can cope with a predetermined measurement temperature.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Heavy oil C is produced by blending various base materials. There are many types thereof, and in the preparation thereof, accurate measurement (detection) of sulfur concentration, kinematic viscosity, density and the like is required.
[0003]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a C heavy oil blending system that detects the sulfur concentration and the kinematic viscosity offline. As shown in FIG. 8, base materials from a plurality of base tanks (three base tanks 81, 82, and 83 are shown in FIG. 8) are prepared according to the type of C heavy oil, and a plurality of product tanks ( In FIG. 8, three product tanks 91, 92, and 93 are shown. In this case, in order to conform the product (heavy oil C) to a desired target value, heavy fuel oil C stored in the product tanks 91, 92, and 93 is sampled and its properties (sulfur concentration, kinematic viscosity, etc.) are detected by LABO. Must.
[0004]
In the blending system shown in FIG. 8, since the sulfur concentration and the kinematic viscosity are detected off-line (that is, by LABO), accurate values can be obtained, but a large number of product tanks must be prepared.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, in order to reduce the number of product tanks, the sulfur content and the kinematic viscosity (Vis) are previously detected online to produce a product having desired properties (C heavy oil).
[0006]
As described above, there are many types of base materials used for the production of C heavy oil. For this reason, it is not easy to simultaneously adjust the target value of the sulfur concentration and the target value of the kinematic viscosity at the same time when trying to obtain desired properties by detecting the properties of the product (fuel oil C) online. That is, in the case where a plurality of base materials are blended in order to produce C heavy oil having a certain property at a predetermined target value, for example, even if the target value of the kinematic viscosity can be adapted, the target value of the sulfur concentration is A problem arises that it cannot be adapted.
[0007]
Further, the measurement of the kinematic viscosity has a problem relating to a temperature error as described below. That is, since the kinematic viscosity specification is almost always 50 ° C., in order to make the indicated value of the online viscometer and the measured value of LABO the same, the measurement by the online viscometer is performed at 50 ° C. However, high viscosity oils and high pour point oils cannot be measured at 50 ° C. due to their characteristics. Therefore, the on-line viscometer must be measured at a temperature higher than, for example, 50 ° C. (for example, 80 ° C.), and the actually measured kinematic viscosity must be converted to the kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C. However, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, even if the kinematic viscosities of the two types of substrates R1 and R2 have the same value at 80 ° C., they are different values at 50 ° C. For this reason, in order to convert the measured value of the kinematic viscosity at 80 ° C. to the measured value at 50 ° C., it is necessary to convert each base material. However, it is not practical to prepare a conversion curve as shown in FIG. 9 for each substrate, for example, because there are various types of substrates.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide a C-heavy oil property control device and a C-heavy oil blending system, which have high blending accuracy of various base materials and can cope with a predetermined measurement temperature.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The C-fuel oil property control device of the present invention is provided on an integrated line in which lines for flowing at least two or more base materials are integrated, and detects a sulfur concentration and a kinematic viscosity of the C-fuel oil flowing in the line. And, in each of the base materials, while controlling the flow rate of at least two types of base materials having different sulfur concentrations so that the sulfur concentration of the C heavy oil becomes a predetermined value, and in each of the base materials, at least the kinematic viscosity is different. A property control unit for controlling the flow rates of the two types of base materials so that the kinematic viscosity of the C heavy oil becomes a predetermined value, wherein the property control unit controls the sulfur concentration by PI control without having a dead zone. In addition, PI control is performed by giving the kinematic viscosity a dead zone.
[0010]
In the C-fuel oil property control device of the present invention, the kinematic viscosity detector includes a kinematic viscosity detector that detects a kinematic viscosity by measuring a differential pressure between an inlet and an outlet of the C-heavy oil that has flowed through the thin tube; Cleaning means for flowing a cleaning oil through the thin tube when the section is not driven.
[0011]
Further, in the C-fuel oil property control device of the present invention, the sulfur concentration detection unit has a calibration curve for calibrating a sulfur concentration instruction value for each of the divided regions of the plurality of divided sulfur concentration measurement ranges. A sulfur concentration calibrator is provided, and the property control unit can apply a calibration curve corresponding to a concentration range to which the target value of the sulfur concentration belongs when preparing each of the base materials.
[0012]
Further, the C-heavy oil blending system of the present invention is provided on an integrated line in which a plurality of base tanks accommodating at least two or more bases and lines drawn from the base tanks are integrated. A property detector for detecting the sulfur concentration and kinematic viscosity of the C heavy oil, and controlling the flow rates of at least two kinds of base materials having different sulfur concentrations in the respective base materials so that the sulfur concentration of the C heavy oil becomes a predetermined value. And a property control unit for controlling the flow rate of at least two kinds of base materials having different kinematic viscosities in each of the base materials so that the kinematic viscosity of the C heavy oil becomes a predetermined value. The unit is characterized in that the sulfur concentration is PI-controlled without a dead zone and the kinematic viscosity is PI-controlled with a dead zone.
[0013]
In the C fuel oil blending system of the present invention, the kinematic viscosity detector includes a kinematic viscosity detector that detects a kinematic viscosity by measuring a differential pressure between an inlet and an outlet of the C fuel oil flowing through the thin tube, and the kinematic viscosity detector. Cleaning means for flowing a cleaning oil through the capillary tube when not being driven.
[0014]
Further, in the fuel oil C blending system of the present invention, the sulfur concentration detection unit may include a calibration curve for calibrating a sulfur concentration instruction value for each of the divided regions of the plurality of divided sulfur concentration measurement ranges. A concentration calibration meter is provided, and the property control unit can apply a calibration curve corresponding to a concentration range to which the target value of the sulfur concentration belongs when preparing each of the base materials.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an on-line blending system for fuel oil C of the present invention.
In the system of FIG. 1, base materials K1, K2, K3,... Distilled from a petroleum refining plant (not shown) are stored in base material tanks T1, T2, T3,.
Lines L1, L2, ... are drawn out from the base material tanks T1, T2, ..., and valves B11, B12, B13, ..., pumps P1, P2, P3, ... .. are provided with flow meters F11, F12, F13,..., Respectively, and the lines L1, L2,.
[0016]
A path is formed between the inflow side of a certain valve and the outflow side of another valve via another valve. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a path is formed between the outflow side of the valve B11 and the inflow side of the valve B12 via the valve 42, and a path is formed between the inflow side of the valve B13 and the outflow side of the valve B12 via the valve 43. It is shown.
[0017]
The property control device 11 of the present invention is installed on the integrated line LM. The property control device 11 includes a property detection unit 111 and a property control unit 112. The property detection unit 111 includes a density detection unit 1111, a sulfur concentration detection unit 1112, and a kinematic viscosity detection unit 1113. Further, the property control unit 112 includes a preparation parameter determination unit 1121 and a base material preparation unit 1122.
[0018]
In the present embodiment, the detection results of the sulfur concentration detecting unit 1112 and the kinematic viscosity detecting unit 1113 are sent to the blending parameter determining unit 1121, and the blending parameter determining unit 1121 matches the base materials K1, K2, The flow rates of K3,... Are calculated, and the calculation results are sent to the base material mixing section 1122. The base material preparation unit 1122 determines the valve control amount from the shipping flow rate information from the flow meter F21 in the next process (shipping process, etc.), and controls the valves B21, B22, B23,. I do.
[0019]
Further, on the line LM, an autosampler 12 for performing average sampling in LABO is provided. The sample collected by the LABO autosampler 12 is taken out by a human hand at an appropriate time and sent to LABO (not shown), where the LABO can detect the components of the sample. During the dispensing, the components of the sample taken by the autosampler 12 are detected by LABO. This component detection result is used for error correction of the density detector 1111, the sulfur concentration detector 1112, and the kinematic viscosity detector 1113.
[0020]
The line LM is branched into a plurality of lines L51, L52, L53,..., And the prepared C heavy oil is sent to the next process (shipping process or the like) via these lines. In FIG. 1, a line L51 is a line for shipping at sea, and the line L51 is provided with a flow meter F21 and a valve 41. From the downstream side of the valve 41, a purge line is provided in the base material tank T1. Is provided. This purge line is used to replace the blended C heavy oil in the pipe with the newly blended C heavy oil when changing the oil type of the C heavy oil.
[0021]
2 (A) and 2 (B) are views showing in detail the inside of the property control device 11 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (A) mixes the base materials K1, K2, K3,. (B) shows the state when the base materials K1, K2, K3,... Are not mixed by the property control.
[0022]
2A and 2B, the kinematic viscosity detector 1113 includes a three-way valve 3V, a metering pump P4, a thin tube D1, pressure-sensitive elements q1 and q2, a differential pressure sensor D2, and a kinematic viscosity calculator. D3.
[0023]
When the base materials K1, K2, K3,... Are mixed by the property control, as shown in FIG. 2A, the heavy fuel oil C taken out from the line LM is supplied to the density detector 1111 and the sulfur concentration. A part is sent to the kinematic viscosity detecting unit 1113 via the detecting unit 1112, and the rest is returned to the line LM. As shown by a symbol m in FIG. 2A, the three-way valve 3V is set so as to send the C heavy oil to the kinematic viscosity detector 1113, and the metering pump P4 flows a certain amount of the C heavy oil through the thin tube D1. . The differential pressure sensor D2 sends a differential pressure signal at the inlet and the outlet when the narrow pipe D1 is filled with the C heavy oil to the kinematic viscosity calculating unit D3, and the kinematic viscosity calculating unit D3 calculates the kinematic viscosity of the C heavy oil.
[0024]
On the other hand, when the mixing of the base materials K1, K2, K3,... By the property control is not performed, the three-way valve 3V is configured such that the C heavy oil is composed of light oil (for example, A (Heavy oil) to the kinematic viscosity detector 1113. The metering pump P4 can prevent blockage of the thin tube D1 by sending light oil to the thin tube D1.
[0025]
According to JIS and the like, the measurement temperature of the kinematic viscosity of most C heavy oil is 50 ° C. In order to reduce the difference between the detected value of the kinematic viscometer and the LABO value, it is best to set the measurement temperature of the base material to 50 ° C. In the present embodiment, by measuring the kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C., it is possible to eliminate an error when measured at 80 ° C. In the present embodiment, it is possible to measure 50 ° C. up to 700 mm ² / s for most of heavy fuel oil C.
[0026]
Hereinafter, the operation of the online blending system (or the operation of the property control device 11) shown in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2A and 2B will be described.
[0027]
First, the property control device 11 is initialized. In this initial setting, samples of the base materials K1, K2, K3,... In each of the base material tanks T1 to T3 are collected, and the components are detected in LABO. Based on this detection result, the initial setting of the control flow rate by the base material mixing unit 1122 (the initial value of the mixing ratio of each of the base materials K1, K2, K3,...) Is determined.
[0028]
Next, the flow rate Q is started at a fixed ratio with the blending ratio as an initial value (see the period from T0 to T1 in FIG. 3). The flow rate Q is maintained at the initial value during the period before the shipment starts (see the period between T1 and T2 in FIG. 3). During shipment, the mixture is controlled by sulfur concentration control and kinematic viscosity control as described below (refer to the period from T2 to T3 in FIG. 3). When the shipment is completed, the flow rate Q rises at a constant rate until it reaches zero. (See the period between T3 and T4 in FIG. 3).
[0029]
When the base materials K1, K2, K3,... Are prepared, the sulfur concentration control and the kinematic viscosity control are performed in parallel.
[0030]
In the sulfur concentration control, a base material having a low sulfur concentration and a base material having a high sulfur concentration are selected from K1, K2, K3,... And the flow rates thereof are controlled. In this case, a plurality of base materials having a low sulfur concentration and a base material having a high sulfur concentration may be simultaneously controlled.
[0031]
The kinematic viscosity control is performed by selecting a base material having a low kinematic viscosity such as light oil and a base material having a high kinematic viscosity from K1, K2, K3,. A valve provided on a line drawn from the material tank is controlled. In this case, a plurality of base materials having a low kinematic viscosity and a base material having a high kinematic viscosity may be simultaneously controlled.
[0032]
In this embodiment, the sulfur concentration is controlled at intervals of 5 seconds as shown in FIG. 4, and the kinematic viscosity is controlled at intervals of 10 seconds as shown in FIG. Actual measurement values may be used as the sulfur concentration value and the kinematic viscosity value for these controls, but in the present embodiment, a value in which a measurement error is reduced by smoothing is used. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the measured value and the smoothed value of the sulfur concentration. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the value indicated by the reference symbol U (smoothed value) is determined as the average value of the past eight actually measured values u0 to u8 at the time of the measurement. The number of past measurements can be set arbitrarily other than eight.
[0033]
In FIG. 4, PI control is performed in the tight mode based on the value obtained by smoothing the sulfur concentration, and in FIG. 5, PI control is performed in the gap mode based on the value obtained by smoothing the kinematic viscosity. Since the sulfur concentration must be controlled within a small range and the kinematic viscosity is within a wide range as compared with the sulfur concentration, in the present invention, the sulfur concentration is controlled in a tight mode and the kinematic viscosity is controlled. Controlled in gap mode.
[0034]
Here, the tight mode refers to a control mode in which a dead zone is not provided, and PI control is performed such that the deviation between the smoothed value of the sulfur concentration and the sulfur concentration target value S ^* becomes zero every 5 seconds.
The gap mode means a control mode having a dead zone, and a smoothed value of kinematic viscosity is detected every 10 seconds. In the present embodiment, a predetermined lower limit value Min (<Vis ^* ) and an upper limit value Max (> Vis ^* ) are set in addition to the kinematic viscosity target value Vis ^* , and the dead zone (the hatched area in FIG. 5) is Vis. ^{* -0.8 (Vis * -Min) ~Vis} * +0.8 (Max-Vis *) are determined in a range of kinematic viscosity measurements Vis is,
[0035]
Min <Vis ≦ Vis ^* −0.8 (Vis ^* −Min),
Vis ^* + 0.8 (Max−Vis ^* ) ≦ Vis <Max
[0036]
At this time, PI control is performed so that the deviation between the kinematic viscosity Vis and the target value Vis ^* becomes zero. When the kinematic viscosity Vis is equal to or less than Min or equal to or more than Max, that is, when Vis ≦ Min or Vis ≧ Max, control for increasing the gain is performed.
[0037]
In the present embodiment, the enlargement of the deviation when the range of the sulfur analyzer constituting the sulfur concentration detection unit 1112 is increased is corrected and corrected by two calibration curves A1 and A2 as shown in FIG. In the conventional sulfur analyzer, the bias and the span are calibrated by one calibration curve. In the present embodiment, the calibration curve is switched when the sulfur concentration reaches a predetermined target value Sk. . This calibration curve uses a least squares method,
Analyzer indicated value = [Raw data] x [Span]-[Bias value]
Is calculated by
[0038]
In the present embodiment, the kinematic viscometer constituting the kinematic viscosity detector 1113 is operated at 50 ° C.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the compounding precision of various base materials is high and can respond to a predetermined measurement temperature.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an on-line blending system for heavy fuel oil C of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing in detail the inside of the property control device of FIG. 1; FIG. 2A is a view showing a state in which various base materials are mixed by property control; FIG. It is a figure which shows a mode when mixing of various base materials is not performed, respectively.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of a time change of a flow rate at the time of mixing by the property control device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a view showing a state of sulfur concentration control by the property control device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state of kinematic viscosity control by the property control device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between an actually measured value of the sulfur concentration and a smoothed value.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a calibration curve for correcting the expansion of the deviation when the range of the sulfur analyzer constituting the sulfur concentration detection unit in FIG. 1 is increased.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a conventional fuel oil C blending system for detecting sulfur concentration and kinematic viscosity off-line.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a relationship between kinematic viscosity and temperature showing a conventional problem when kinematic viscosity is detected online.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Property control device 12 Autosampler 111 Property detection unit 112 Property control unit 1111 Density detection unit 1112 Sulfur concentration detection unit 1113 Kinematic viscosity detection unit 1121 Formulation parameter determination unit 1122 Base material preparation unit 3V Three-way valve B11, B12, B13,. -Valve D1 Thin tube D2 Differential pressure sensor D3 Kinematic viscosity calculation unit F11, F12, F13, ... Flow meters K1, K2, K3, ... Base materials L1, L2, ... Line LM Integrated line P4 Metering pump P1 , P2, P3,... Pump q1, q2 Pressure-sensitive element T1, T2, T3,.

Claims (6)

A property detection unit that is provided on an integrated line in which a line for flowing at least two or more base materials is integrated, and detects a sulfur concentration and a kinematic viscosity of heavy fuel oil C flowing in the line;
In each of the base materials, the flow rates of at least two types of base materials having different sulfur concentrations are controlled such that the sulfur concentration of the heavy fuel oil C has a predetermined value, and at least two types of kinematic viscosities different from each other in the base materials. A property control unit for controlling the flow rate of the base material such that the kinematic viscosity of the C heavy oil becomes a predetermined value;
In the C heavy oil property control device provided with
The C-heavy oil property control device, wherein the property control unit performs PI control of the sulfur concentration without a dead zone, and performs PI control of the kinematic viscosity with a dead zone. The kinematic viscosity detector,
A kinematic viscosity detector that detects the kinematic viscosity by measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of C heavy oil flowing through the thin tube;
Cleaning means for flowing cleaning oil through the capillary when not driving the kinematic viscosity detection unit,
The fuel oil C property control device according to claim 1, further comprising: The sulfur concentration detector,
A sulfur concentration calibration meter having a calibration curve for sulfur concentration indication value calibration for each of the divided regions of the measurement range of the sulfur concentration divided into a plurality,
3. The C heavy oil blending system according to claim 1, wherein the property control unit applies a calibration curve corresponding to a concentration range to which the target value of the sulfur concentration belongs when blending the base materials. 4. A plurality of substrate tanks containing at least two or more substrates,
A property detection unit that detects the sulfur concentration and kinematic viscosity of C heavy oil provided on an integrated line in which the lines drawn from the respective base tanks are integrated,
In each of the base materials, the flow rates of at least two types of base materials having different sulfur concentrations are controlled such that the sulfur concentration of the heavy fuel oil C has a predetermined value, and at least two types of kinematic viscosities different from each other in the base materials. A property control unit for controlling the flow rate of the base material such that the kinematic viscosity of the C heavy oil becomes a predetermined value;
In the fuel oil blending system with C,
The property control unit performs PI control without giving a dead zone to the sulfur concentration, and performs PI control by giving the kinematic viscosity a dead zone.
C fuel oil blending system characterized by the above-mentioned. The kinematic viscosity detector,
A kinematic viscosity detector that detects the kinematic viscosity by measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of C heavy oil flowing through the thin tube;
Cleaning means for flowing cleaning oil through the capillary when not driving the kinematic viscosity detection unit,
The fuel oil mixing system according to claim 4, further comprising: The sulfur concentration detector,
A sulfur concentration calibration meter having a calibration curve for sulfur concentration indication value calibration for each of the divided regions of the measurement range of the sulfur concentration divided into a plurality,
The C-fuel oil blending system according to claim 4, wherein the property control unit applies a calibration curve corresponding to a concentration range to which the target value of the sulfur concentration belongs when blending each of the base materials.

Images