JP2004159741A - Attachment and detachment mechanism for surgical tool and surgical hand piece using the mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an attachment and detachment mechanism for a surgical tool with which the attachment and detachment of a surgical tool such as a cutting blade can be performed with comparatively weak force easily and surely and which has good maneuverability, and a surgical hand piece. <P>SOLUTION: The attachment and detachment mechanism removably fixes the surgical tool 40 in which a notch groove 40c is formed in a fixed axis 40a, wherein a sleeve 21e in which the fixed axis of the surgical tool is inserted, a movable engagement member 24 mounted slidably in the sleeve so as to detachably engage with the notch groove of the fixed axis inserted in the sleeve, a regulation member 25 formed in a tubular form which is circularly mounted on the circumference of the sleeve in order to regulate the movement of the movable engagement member 24, and an energizing means 27 for energizing the regulation member 25 so as to keep a condition that the movable engagement member 24 is engaged with the notch groove 40c of the fixed axis when mounting the surgical tool 40 are included. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a chuck mechanism for attaching and detaching a cutting blade such as a saw used as a surgical tool, and a surgical handpiece to which the chuck mechanism is applied.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a surgical handpiece has been known in which a surgical tool such as a cutting blade for cutting bone can be detachably attached. When using such a surgical handpiece, the frequency is not so high, but it may be necessary to attach and detach the cutting blade in the clinic or operating room. In such a case, some tools may be attached or detached by tightening or loosening the screws with a tool such as a spanner. However, it is not preferable to place such a tool in the clinic or operating room. A chuck mechanism has been proposed in which a cutting blade can be easily attached and detached.
[0003]
For example, in a surgical handpiece described in Japanese Patent Application No. 53-21484 (Patent Document 1), a slot for mounting a cutting blade is provided in a vibrating head, and a plate material called a jaw is a groove. It is inserted into the hole and fixed so as to move up and down in the groove along the shaft member. Here, the jaw has a small curvature and is thereby formed to act as an elastic member. In addition, a bent portion called a lip piece is formed at the tip of the jaw to prevent the fixed end of the cutting blade from being erroneously inserted into the gap between the jaw and the cam. A closing device having a cam is pivotally attached to one side of the slot in the vibrating head. Furthermore, in order to prevent the fixed end of the cutting blade from being accidentally inserted into the gap between the cam and the jaw, the vibration head having a bent portion called a lip piece formed at the tip has a gap between the jaw and the slot. Insert the fixed end of the cutting blade, rotate the closing device to press the jaw with the cam, elastically deform the jaw with this pressing force, thereby dispersing and fixing the force to the fixed end of the cutting blade It is configured.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-21484
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the surgical handpiece of Patent Document 1, the jaw is a member that contacts both the cutting blade and the cam, and is a member that acts as an elastic member at the same time. Therefore, when the closure device is rotated, the jaw is relatively large. There is a problem of requiring power.
Further, the attachment / detachment mechanism for the surgical handpiece has a problem that the operability is not good because the handle for operating the cam protrudes outside the head.
[0006]
The present invention focuses on the drawbacks of the prior art described above, and is intended to solve this problem. The problem is that it is possible to easily attach and detach a surgical tool such as a cutting blade with a relatively weak force, A surgical tool such as a cutting blade can be securely fixed, and a surgical tool attaching / detaching mechanism with good operability and a surgical handpiece using the attaching / detaching mechanism are provided.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, there is provided an attachment / detachment mechanism for detachably fixing a surgical tool having a notch groove formed in a fixed shaft, the sleeve into which the fixed shaft of the surgical tool is inserted, and the fixing inserted in the sleeve. A movable engagement member slidably provided on the sleeve so as to be detachably engaged with the notch groove of the shaft, and an outer periphery of the sleeve for restricting the movement of the movable engagement member. A regulating member formed in a tubular shape, and an urging means for urging the regulating member so that the movable engaging member is engaged with the notch groove of the fixed shaft when the surgical tool is mounted. A surgical tool attaching / detaching mechanism is provided.
In the present invention, the movement of the movable engagement member is restricted by the tubular restriction member that is mounted around the outer periphery of the sleeve, and this allows the surgical tool to be attached and detached. Thus, there is no member protruding outward, and good operability can be obtained. Further, when the surgical tool is attached / detached, it is only necessary to operate the restricting member against the force of the biasing means, so that the operation at the time of attaching / detaching is simple.
[0008]
In the attachment / detachment mechanism of the present invention, the movable engagement member includes a protruding portion that protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and contacts the inner peripheral surface of the restricting member, and the restricting member is a radial direction on the outer periphery of the sleeve. A clearance providing portion for providing a clearance between the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve and an outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and a contact portion for sliding on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve, The restricting member is slid in the radial direction, and the contact portion thereof is brought into contact with the protruding portion of the movable engagement member, so that the restricting member is slid to be attached to and detached from the notch groove of the fixed shaft. Can be configured.
In the above attachment / detachment mechanism, when attaching / detaching the fixed shaft of the surgical tool from the sleeve, the movable engagement member is cut off from the fixed shaft only by sliding the regulating member in the radial direction against the force of the biasing means. Since the engagement can be released from the notch groove, the attaching / detaching operation can be easily performed with a relatively weak force.
[0009]
The present invention also provides a surgical handpiece comprising a surgical tool attaching / detaching mechanism, and a mechanism for transmitting a driving force to reciprocate the surgical tool gripped by the attaching / detaching mechanism. Is done.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, although the example of the present invention is described based on an accompanying drawing, the present invention is not limited to this.
[0011]
Fig.1 (a) is sectional drawing of the surgical handpiece of this invention, FIG.1 (b) is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating a mechanism.
The surgical handpiece 10 is provided with a saw blade attaching / detaching mechanism 30 for detachably inserting a saw blade 40 having a blade 40b at the tip, and the shaft 21 slides in the front housing 11 to reciprocate. The rear housing 12 is connected to the rear end of the front housing 11 and the input shaft 18 and the conversion member 14 are provided in the rear housing 12.
[0012]
Here, the shaft 21 has an annular body 21a formed with an oval hole 21b as shown in FIG. 1B at the rear end, and a fixed shaft 40a of the saw blade 40 is inserted into the front end. A sleeve 21e in which an insertion hole 21c is formed is provided.
[0013]
The input shaft 18 is rotatably supported by a bearing 19 fixed in the rear housing 12 by a bearing fixing member 17, and has an input end 20 for connecting a driving device such as a motor at the rear end thereof. The gear 23 is fixed.
[0014]
The conversion member 14 is a member for converting the rotational motion of the input shaft 18 into the reciprocating motion of the shaft 21, and includes a gear 14 a that meshes with the gear 23 of the input shaft 18, and is rearward by the bearing fixing members 13 and 16. It is supported by bearings 15a and 15c fixed in the housing 12, and is provided so as to be rotatable around a one-dot chain line C in FIG. A bearing 15b is fixed to an intermediate portion of the conversion member 14, and the bearing 15b is inserted into an oval hole 21b of the shaft 21 so that the bearing 15b contacts the inner surface of the hole 21b. The center of rotation of the alternate long and short dash line C is provided at a position that is eccentric from the center of the intermediate portion where the bearing 15b is fixed.
[0015]
FIGS. 2B and 2D are cross-sectional views of the saw blade attaching / detaching mechanism 30 in the surgical handpiece 10 of FIG. 1 as viewed from the side, and FIGS. 2A and 2C are the IIa-IIa line and IIc, respectively. It is sectional drawing along the -IIc line.
The saw blade attaching / detaching mechanism 30 includes a sleeve 21e, a movable engaging member 24, a regulating member 25, and a spring 27.
The sleeve 21 e is formed integrally with the tip of the shaft 21 and includes an insertion hole 21 c for inserting the fixed shaft 40 a of the saw blade 40. A pair of through-holes 21d penetrating in the radial direction are provided at opposite positions in the intermediate portion of the sleeve 21e, and a movable engagement member 24 is fitted into the pair of through-holes 21d.
[0016]
2 (a) and 2 (c), the movable engagement member 24 is formed with a hole 24c at a position slightly deviated upward from the center, and the fixed shaft 40a of the saw blade 40 is inserted therethrough, and below the hole 24c. The side portion 24 b is adapted to engage with the notch groove 40 c of the saw blade 40. The movable engaging member 24 is formed such that both side surfaces are slidable along the through-hole 21d of the sleeve 21e, and end surfaces of the upper and lower side portions 24a and 24b are formed in an arc shape so It is formed in a protruding length.
[0017]
A tubular restricting member 25 is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the sleeve 21e, and stop members 26a and 26b for stopping the restricting member 25 from moving in the thrust direction are provided on the front and rear sides. In the section indicated by reference numeral 25a, that is, in the contact portion 25a, the regulating member 25 is formed thick so that the inner peripheral surface thereof contacts the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 21 and the movable engagement member 24. Other than the contact portion 25a, the contact portion 25a is formed thinner than the contact portion 25a so that a clearance can be formed between the contact portion 25a and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 21. Further, a groove for accommodating the spring 27 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the restricting member 25, and both ends of the spring 27 are disposed so as to be engaged with the stop member 26b and the restricting member 25, respectively. The spring 27 is in a state where the movable engagement member 24 is engaged with the notch groove 40c of the fixed shaft 40a when the fixed shaft 40a of the saw blade 40 is mounted on the sleeve 21e, that is, FIG. The regulating member 24 is urged so as to maintain the state of
[0018]
Next, the operation of the saw blade attaching / detaching mechanism 30 will be described. The positional relationship such as up / down / left / right will be described with reference to the positional relationship shown in FIGS.
The saw blade attaching / detaching mechanism 30 is held in the state shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D when the force for rotating the regulating member 25 is not applied from the outside. That is, in FIG. 3A, the regulating member 25 is urged by the spring 27, and the inner peripheral surface of the contact portion 25a comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface near the lower through hole 21d of the sleeve 21e and stops. Thereby, the movable engagement member 24 is pushed upward and protrudes from the upper through hole 21d of the sleeve 21e to the clearance 28. In this state, when the fixed shaft 40a of the saw blade 40 is mounted on the sleeve 21e, the lower portion of the hole 24c of the movable engagement member 24 engages with the notch groove 40c of the saw blade 40, and the saw The blade 40 is prevented from falling off.
[0019]
On the other hand, when the saw blade 40 is extracted from the sleeve 21e, the regulating member 25 is grasped with fingers or the like, and is rotated approximately 90 ° in the direction of the arrow R1 from the state of FIG. 3A against the urging force of the spring 27. Let As a result, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3E, the contact portion 25a of the regulating member 25 rotates while sliding on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 21e, and protrudes to the upper clearance 28. It abuts on the upper end of the engaging member 24 and tries to push it down. On the other hand, as the restricting member 25 rotates, the position of the clearance 28 also moves in the direction of the arrow R1, and the clearance 28 near the lower through hole 21d of the sleeve 21e gradually increases, and the lower end of the movable engagement member 24 extends to this clearance 28. The part sticks out. 3A to 3E, the lower portion of the hole 24c of the movable engagement member 24 is disengaged from the notch groove 40c of the saw blade 40, and the saw blade 40 is engaged. Can be extracted from the sleeve 21e.
After the saw blade 40 is extracted from the sleeve 21e, if the finger that holds the restricting member 25 is released, the restricting member 25 is rotated in the R2 direction of FIG. Is also returned to the position shown in FIG.
[0020]
Next, a mechanism for transmitting a driving force so as to reciprocate the saw blade 40 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The input end 20 receives a rotating force from a driving device such as a motor, and the input shaft 18 rotates together with a gear 23 fixed to the tip thereof. This rotational force is transmitted from the gear 23 to the gear 14 a of the conversion member 14, and the conversion member 14 rotates about the axis shown by the alternate long and short dash line C. At this time, the center of the bearing 15b portion fixed to the conversion member 14 is at an eccentric position from the alternate long and short dash line C as shown in FIG. 1B, and the hole 21b of the shaft 21 is formed in an oval shape. Therefore, when the outer peripheral surface of the bearing 15b rotates while contacting the inner surface of the hole 21b of the shaft 21, the shaft 21 reciprocates in the arrow M direction. As described above, the conversion member 14 converts the rotary motion into the reciprocating motion, and reciprocates the saw blade 40 at the tip of the shaft 21.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the movement of the movable engagement member is restricted by the tubular restriction member that is mounted around the outer periphery of the sleeve, and this allows the surgical tool to be attached and detached. This eliminates the protruding member and improves the operability. Further, when attaching / detaching the surgical tool, it is only necessary to operate the restricting member against the force of the biasing means, and therefore the attaching / detaching operation can be easily performed with a relatively weak force.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a sectional view of a surgical handpiece according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a partially enlarged view for explaining a mechanism.
FIG. 2 is an attachment / detachment mechanism provided at the distal end of the surgical handpiece of the present invention, wherein (a) is a sectional view taken along line IIa-IIa in (b), and (c) is (d). It is sectional drawing along the IIc-IIc line | wire.
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the operation of the attachment / detachment mechanism of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Surgical handpiece 14 Conversion member 21 Shaft 21e Sleeve 25 Restriction member 25a Contact part 24 Movable engagement member 24a Upper part (protrusion part) of a hole
24b Lower part of the hole (protrusion)
27 Spring (biasing means)
28 Clearance 30 Saw blade attaching / detaching mechanism 40 Saw blade 40a Fixed shaft 40c Notch groove

Claims (3)

An attachment / detachment mechanism for detachably fixing a surgical tool having a notch groove formed in a fixed shaft, the sleeve into which the fixed shaft of the surgical tool is inserted, and the notch of the fixed shaft inserted into the sleeve A movable engagement member slidably provided on the sleeve so as to be detachably engaged with the groove, and a tubular shape that is provided around the outer periphery of the sleeve to restrict the movement of the movable engagement member. And a biasing means for biasing the regulation member so that the movable engagement member is engaged with the notch groove of the fixed shaft when the surgical tool is mounted. A surgical tool attaching / detaching mechanism characterized. The movable engagement member includes a protrusion that protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and contacts the inner peripheral surface of the restriction member;
The regulating member is formed in a tubular shape that is rotatable in a radial direction on the outer periphery of the sleeve, and a clearance providing portion that provides a clearance between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve, and an outer peripheral surface of the sleeve And a contact portion that slides in the radial direction, and the control member is slid by rotating the control member in a radial direction and bringing the contact portion into contact with the protruding portion of the movable engagement member. The surgical tool attaching / detaching mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the attaching / detaching mechanism is attached to or removed from the notch groove of the fixed shaft. 3. A surgical tool attaching / detaching mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a mechanism for transmitting a driving force to reciprocate the surgical tool gripped by the attaching / detaching mechanism. Surgical handpiece.

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