JP2004157447A - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Image forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004157447A
JP2004157447A JP2002325176A JP2002325176A JP2004157447A JP 2004157447 A JP2004157447 A JP 2004157447A JP 2002325176 A JP2002325176 A JP 2002325176A JP 2002325176 A JP2002325176 A JP 2002325176A JP 2004157447 A JP2004157447 A JP 2004157447A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
temperature
ion generator
image forming
forming apparatus
printing operation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002325176A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yukinori Hamafuku
幸典 濱福
Yukio Nishio
行生 西尾
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002325176A priority Critical patent/JP2004157447A/en
Publication of JP2004157447A publication Critical patent/JP2004157447A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image forming apparatus which does not cause sticking of foreign matter to its photoreceptor and also starts a printing operation within the minimum waiting time. <P>SOLUTION: An ion generator is used as an electrifying means, and also, the ion generator is prevented from raising the temperature of the photoreceptor more than a prescribed temperature. The ion generator is provided with a means for increasing the ambient temperature, and also, a means for control the temperature. Besides, the ion generator is provided with a means for recognizing the temperature and the humidity, and a means for controlling the ambient temperature of the ion generator based on the temperature and humidity information. As for the temperature control of the ion generator, the temperature control before the printing operation and the temperature control in the midst of the printing operation are performed. As for the control before the printing operation, a temperature rising time is varied in accordance with the recognized temperature and humidity. As for the control in the midst of the printing operation, a power to be supplied to a heat source is made a pulse current of a fixed voltage. Besides, the duty of the pulse current is varied in accordance with the recognized temperature and humidity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電子写真方式のプリンタや複写機など、特に転写後の感光体上の転写できなかったトナーを該現像装置に回収する、電子写真プロセスに関し、帯電手段にイオン発生器を用いた画像形成装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
様々な記録装置の中でも、電子写真方式画像形成装置はノンインパクト記録であるため騒音が少ないことや、文字が綺麗に記録できること、記録速度が高速であること、ランニングコストが比較的安いこと等の特長を持っているために、最近ではOA機器の出力端末装置として利用されており、その市場も急速に拡大している。
【0003】
図8(a)は従来例における画像形成装置の概要を示す説明図、図8(b)はイオン発生器の詳細な構造を示す断面図である。
【0004】
従来における電子写真画像形成装置としては、図8(a)に示したように、一般に感光体101に対し、金属をコの字の状に形成しその開口を感光体に向けて設置コの字の中心に、ワイヤを張架し、このワイヤに高電圧を印加し、コロナ放電により発生したイオンで帯電させる帯電手段102で帯電し、レーザー光を画像データに従い走査しながら点灯させる露光光学系103で静電潜像を形成し、現像装置104で粉体を摩擦して帯電させた後電気的にトナー像を形成する、さらに導電性のゴムロールにトナーの帯電極性と逆の電圧を印加した転写手段105で紙等の転写材にトナー像を転写し、転写後の感光体に残留した転写されなかったトナーは、次の作像工程における現像において、現像器に回収されるものである。又、近年装置の小型化とともに、該クリーニングの工程を無くし、未転写トナーを現像器の中に取り込みつつ潜像をトナー像化するプロセスが提案されている。
【0005】
このような電子写真装置において、感光体を帯電させる手段として、特開平5−281834に開示されている、イオン発生器を用いた帯電方法が提案されている。図8(b)は一般的なイオン発生器202の構造を示している、セラミック、ガラス等からなる誘電体7の両面に、イオン発生電極9、誘導電極6が設けられ、誘導電極6はセラミック、ガラス等の絶縁体8で覆われた構造となっている。また、イオン発生電極9は、図示してないが環境安定性、放電による劣化防止目的でガラスコーティング(図示せず)が施してしてある。さらに放電安定性を高めるために加熱部材5が設けられ、図示したような回路構成でスイッチ1が作動させることによって、イオン発生電極9と誘導電極6の間に駆動用交流電圧2を印加し、更にイオン発生電極9に直流バイアス電圧3を与える。交流電圧は周波数は数KHz〜数100KHz、出力電圧は0.5〜5KVp−pの高周波・高電圧であるので、誘電体7を挟んでこれらの電極間に交流電圧2を印加すると、誘導電極6とイオン発生電極9の間で沿面放電が起こり、イオン発生電極9周辺の空気がイオン化され、この付近に正・負のイオンが発生する。ここで図8(b)に示すように直流バイアス電圧3が負の電圧が印加されている場合には、イオン発生器202からは負のイオンだけが取り出されることになる。直流バイアス電圧3が正の場合には、正のイオンが取り出される。また、これらの帯電と同時に加熱手段にも加熱部材5の電源として与えられている電源4が駆動され、12〜24V程度の直流電圧が印加される。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開平5−281834号公報
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のように構成された装置において、イオンを安定して発生させるために、発生器の電極近傍の温度を高くする必要が有り、このことにより感光体の温度が上昇し、感光体感度が変化し画像濃度が変動した。又、特に、クリーニング手段を有しない画像形成工程では、感光体温度が高いとトナー樹脂や、添加物質が感光体に固着するために感光体を著しく損なうという問題が生じ実用化には至っていない。また、イオン帯電器の加熱手段では電源供給は帯電動作と同時になされるため、十分昇温するまで印字動作が開始できないが、この時間を一定にするために、十分長くとる必要があり、電源を入れて印字を開始するまで、長い時間待たねばならないという問題もあった。
【0008】
また、イオン帯電器は温湿度に応じて電極近傍の温度条件を変えなければならず、イオン帯電器の温度制御のために加熱手段に供給する電源電圧を調整する必要があるが、そのために電源が複雑となり、電源コストが大きくなるという問題もあった。
【0009】
本発明は、以上の技術的課題を解決するためになされたものであって、クリーニング手段を備えない画像形成工程に用いても複雑な加熱手段を必要とせずに安定な帯電が行え、しかもオゾン発生量の低減が図ることができる帯電手段を具備する画像形成装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0010】
また、印字開始までの待ち時間も最小限に抑えることも目的としている。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題を解決するため、請求項1に記載の発明は、感光体を所望の帯電レベルまで帯電させる工程、走査するレーザー光又は、LEDアレー等で露光し、静電潜像を形成する工程、トナーを所望の極性に帯電した粉体を前記静電潜像に電気的に付着させトナー像を形成する工程、転写媒体に転写し、トナー画像を転写媒体に形成する工程、転写後の感光体上の転写できなかったトナーを該現像装置に回収する工程を具備する電子写真プロセスにおいて、帯電手段が、イオン発生器でありかつイオン発生器が該感光体の温度を一定以上上昇させないことを特徴とする画像形成装置を提供する。
【0012】
このような電子写真装置では、ローラやブラシなどの帯電器のように接触しない帯電器を用いるため、帯電器へのトナー付着による帯電器の性能低下がなく、かつ、イオン発生器は、オゾン発生電圧よりも低い電圧でイオンが発生するため、低オゾンでの帯電が可能となる。しかしながら、このようなイオン発生器は、放電(帯電)を安定させるため、放電部近傍の温度を上げる必要があるが、この際、感光体ドラムの温度を一定以上上昇させないようにすることによって、感光体感度が変化し画像濃度が変動しないようにした。又、クリーニング手段を有しない画像形成工程では、トナー樹脂や、添加物質が感光体に固着するために感光体を著しく損なうことも防ぐことができる。
【0013】
請求項2の発明は、請求項1のイオン発生器がその近傍温度を上昇させる手段を有し、かつ温度を制御する手段を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0014】
このことにより、該イオン発生器が環境やその他の条件に応じて変化する感光体を安定して帯電できる最低の温度で稼動できるため、感光体表面温度を感度が変化しない温度範囲内に抑制しうる、又、クリーニング手段を有しない画像形成工程では、トナー樹脂や、添加物質が感光体に固着するために感光体を著しく損なうこともなく、該イオン発生器の帯電を安定させることができる画像形成装置を提供する。
【0015】
請求項3の発明は、請求項2において温度と湿度を認識する手段を有し、イオン発生器の近傍の温度を該温度と湿度の情報に基づいて制御する手段を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。このことにより、該イオン発生器の帯電を温湿度に応じた最低の温度で安定させて稼動することができる。
【0016】
従って、最低温度での制御が可能となり、感光体表面温度を感度が変化しない温度に抑制し、又、クリーニング手段を有しない画像形成工程では、トナー樹脂や、添加物質が感光体に固着するために感光体を著しく損なうこともなく、該イオン発生器の帯電を安定させることができる画像形成装置を提供する。
【0017】
請求項4の発明は、請求項2のイオン発生器の温度制御において、印字動作前制御と印字動作中制御を行うことを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0018】
このことにより、該イオン発生器が加熱不足の状態で印字することなく良好な画像が得られる。
【0019】
請求項5の発明は、請求項4において、印字動作前制御は、昇温時間を認識した温湿度によって変化させることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0020】
このことにより、該イオン発生器が温湿度によらず過不足なく加熱され、必要最小限の電力で初期から安定した画像が得られる。
【0021】
請求項6の発明は、請求項4において、印字動作中制御は、熱源に供給する電源を一定電圧のパルス電流であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0022】
このことにより、熱源に供給する電源の電圧を制御する必要がないので、電源および電源制御手段を簡素化できる。
【0023】
請求項7の発明は、請求項6において、パルス電流のデューティを認識した温湿度によって変化させることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0024】
このことにより、複雑な制御によらず簡素化した電源および電源制御手段により、該イオン発生器の帯電を温湿度に応じた最低の温度で安定させて稼動することができる。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を以下に示す。
【0026】
本発明の請求項1記載の画像形成装置は、感光体を所望の帯電レベルまで帯電させる工程、走査するレーザー光又は、LEDアレー等で露光し、静電潜像を形成する工程、トナーを所望の極性に帯電した粉体を静電潜像に電気的に付着させトナー像を形成する工程、転写媒体に転写し、トナー画像を転写媒体に形成する工程、転写後の感光体上の転写できなかったトナーを該現像装置に回収する工程を具備する電子写真プロセスであり、図1に示すごとく帯電手段202、感光体101、現像装置104、があり、感光体を矢印A方向に回動させ、帯電手段202で−600V付近に帯電させ、露光光学系103で露光した部分が約−80Vに電位を低下することにより静電潜像を形成する。感光体101はさらに回動し潜像が現像装置104まで到達すると、負に帯電したトナーを但持して回動するトナー但持体104−1と接触する。このとき該トナー但持体104−1には、−300V程度の電圧が印加されており、潜像の露光部に対してはトナーが付着、非露光部には、付着しないので、露光に応じたトナー像が顕像化される。次に図示しない媒体送り手段によって転写媒体106が矢印B方向に送られトナー像を但持した感光体101に接触し、転写手段105によって転写媒体側に該トナー像が電気的に転写される。
【0027】
このとき、転写手段105では、必ずしも全てのトナーが転写されるわけではなく、一般的には5〜10%程度のトナーは転写されることなく感光体101に残留する。又転写手段105ではトナー像を移行させるため、凡そ+600V〜+2000Vの電位差が生じるため、残留したトナーの一部は、もとの帯電極性である負と逆の正に帯電される。又これらの残留トナーは、現像手段を通過する際、現像器に回収され、再び現像に供される。
【0028】
本発明では、帯電手段202が、イオン発生器でありかつイオン発生器が該感光体の温度を一定以上上昇させないことを特徴としており、感光体101の温度を一定以上昇温させず、長期的に使用可能とすることに有効に作用する。一般に環境上安全でありかつ廉価であるという理由で感光体101には有機感光体を使用するが、有機感光体は、高温化では感度が変化したり、トナーの成分が表面に固着したりして、温度を上げることを避けねばならない。一方イオン発生器は、帯電が沿面放電現象によって発生するイオンによって行われるため、加熱して、周囲温度を上げねばならないという合い反する雰囲気条件を要求される。本発明は、該イオン発生器202の加熱温度を制御することにより、帯電も安定し、感光体101にも影響しない画像形成を可能とした。
【0029】
本発明の請求項2記載の画像形成装置は、該イオン発生器がその近傍温度を上昇させる手段を有し、かつ温度を制御する手段を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0030】
このことにより、感光体表面温度を感度が変化しない温度に抑制し、又、クリーニング手段を有しない画像形成工程では、トナー樹脂や、添加物質が感光体に固着するために感光体を著しく損なうこともなく、該イオン発生器の帯電を安定させることができる画像形成装置を提供する。図2に示した回路図は本発明の具体的実施例であり、加熱制御手段210により、イオン発生器202に接触配置された加熱部材5の電源4をオンオフすることを可能とし必要以上に加熱しないようにした。
【0031】
本発明の請求項3記載の画像形成装置は、請求項2において温度と湿度を認識する手段を有し、イオン発生器の近傍の温度を該温度と湿度の情報に基づいて制御する手段を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。このことにより、該イオン発生器の帯電を安定させることができる最低温度での制御が可能となり、感光体表面温度を感度が変化しない温度に抑制し、又、クリーニング手段を有しない画像形成工程では、トナー樹脂や、添加物質が感光体に固着するために感光体を著しく損なうこともなく、該イオン発生器の帯電を安定させることができる画像形成装置を提供する。
【0032】
図3に示したグラフは各温湿度ごとに変化する必要加熱温度である。
【0033】
実際の必要加熱値は、イオン発生器の構造や装置構成によってその絶対値が異なるが、傾向は一致する。
【0034】
本発明の請求項4記載の画像形成装置は、請求項2のイオン発生器の温度制御において、印字動作前制御と印字動作中制御を行うことを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0035】
このことにより、該イオン発生器が加熱不足の状態で印字することなく良好な画像が得られる。
【0036】
図4に示したグラフは印字動作開始前後におけるイオン発生器の温度変化である。印字動作前制御にによる加熱により印字動作開始時までにイオン発生器は必要な温度まで加熱され、印字動作開始後は印字動作中制御による加熱によりイオン発生器は必要な温度に維持される。
【0037】
本発明の請求項5記載の画像形成装置は、請求項4において、印字動作前制御は、昇温時間を認識した温湿度によって変化させることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0038】
このことにより、該イオン発生器が温湿度によらず過不足なく加熱され、必要最小限の電力で初期から安定した画像が得られる。
【0039】
図5は、実施した制御プログラムのアルゴリズムを示したもので、表1は、得られた温湿度情報から、必要加熱時間を引き当てる実験結果値である。
【0040】
本発明の請求項6記載の画像形成装置は、請求項4において、印字動作中制御は熱源に供給する電源を一定電圧のパルス電流であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0041】
このことにより、熱源に供給する電源の電圧を制御する必要がないので、電源および電源制御手段を簡素化できる。
【0042】
図6は、実施した制御プログラムによる印字動作開始前後の熱源に供給する電圧を示したものである。図6に示すように印字動作前に熱源に供給する電圧と印字動作中に熱源に供給する電圧を同一の一定電圧にしておけば、電源において電圧を変圧する必要がないので、電源を簡素化できるとともに、無駄な電力を消費する必要がない。
【0043】
パルス電流の周波数は、印字ムラの原因とならないよう、数Hz以上であることが好ましい。
【0044】
本発明の請求項7記載の画像形成装置は、請求項6において、パルス電流のデューティを認識した温湿度によって変化させることを特徴とする画像形成装置。
【0045】
このことにより、複雑な制御によらず簡素化した電源および電源制御手段により、該イオン発生器の帯電を温湿度に応じた最低の温度で安定させて稼動することができる。
【0046】
図7は、実施した制御プログラムのアルゴリズムを示したもので、表2は、得られた温湿度情報から、必要デューティを引き当てる実験結果値である。
【0047】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の画像形成装置によれば、イオン発生器を用いても、感光体の温度を昇温させずに良好な帯電が得られ、感光体表面温度を感度が変化しない温度に抑制し、又、クリーニング手段を有しない画像形成工程では、トナー樹脂や、添加物質が感光体に固着するために感光体を著しく損なうこともなく、該イオン発生器の帯電を安定させることができることを実現できる。
【0048】
また、本発明の画像形成装置によれば、該イオン発生器が環境やその他の条件に応じて変化する感光体を安定して帯電できる最低の温度で稼動できるため、感光体表面温度を感度が変化しない温度範囲内に抑制しうる、又、クリーニング手段を有しない画像形成工程では、トナー樹脂や、添加物質が感光体に固着するために感光体を著しく損なうこともなくなる。
【0049】
また、本発明の画像形成装置によれば、該イオン発生器の帯電を温湿度に応じた最低の温度で安定させて稼動することができる。
【0050】
また、本発明の画像形成装置によれば、該イオン発生器が加熱不足の状態で印字することなく良好な画像が得られる。
【0051】
また、本発明の画像形成装置によれば、該イオン発生器が温湿度によらず過不足なく加熱され、必要最小限の電力で初期から安定した画像が得られる。
【0052】
また、本発明の画像形成装置によれば、熱源に供給する電源の電圧を制御する必要がないので、電源および電源制御手段を簡素化できる。
【0053】
また、本発明の画像形成装置によれば、複雑な制御によらず簡素化した電源および電源制御手段により、該イオン発生器の帯電を温湿度に応じた最低の温度で安定させて稼動することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態に係る画像形成装置の概要を示す説明図
【図2】本発明の実施の形態に係るイオン発生器の詳細な構造を示す断面図と加熱手段の電気回路を示す図
【図3】本発明の実施の形態で用いられる各温湿度ごとに変化する必要加熱温度を示したグラフ
【図4】本発明の実施の形態で用いられる印字動作開始前後におけるイオン発生器の温度変化を示したグラフ
【図5】本発明の実施の形態で用いられる印字動作前制御プログラムのアルゴリズムを示した図
【図6】本発明の実施の形態で用いられる制御プログラムのアルゴリズムを示した図
【図7】本発明の実施の形態で用いられる印字動作前制御プログラムのアルゴリズムを示した図
【図8】(a)従来例における画像形成装置の概要を示す説明図
(b)イオン発生器の詳細な構造を示す断面図
【符号の説明】
101 感光体
102 帯電手段
103 露光光学系
104 現像装置
104−1 トナー但持体
105 転写手段(転写ローラ)
106 転写媒体
202 帯電手段(イオン発生器)
210 加熱制御手段
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic process, in which an untransferred toner on a photoreceptor after transfer is collected in a developing device, such as an electrophotographic printer or copier, and an image using an ion generator as a charging unit. It relates to a forming apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Among various recording apparatuses, the electrophotographic image forming apparatus is a non-impact recording, so that noise is small, characters can be clearly recorded, a recording speed is high, a running cost is relatively low, and the like. Due to its features, it has recently been used as an output terminal device for OA equipment, and its market is rapidly expanding.
[0003]
FIG. 8A is an explanatory view showing an outline of an image forming apparatus in a conventional example, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing a detailed structure of an ion generator.
[0004]
As a conventional electrophotographic image forming apparatus, as shown in FIG. 8A, generally, a metal is formed in a U-shape with respect to a photoreceptor 101, and an opening of the metal is formed to face the photoreceptor. An exposure optical system 103 for applying a high voltage to the wire, charging the wire with ions generated by corona discharge, charging the wire with the charging means 102, and lighting the laser beam while scanning it according to image data. To form an electrostatic latent image, charge the powder by friction in the developing device 104, and then electrically form a toner image. Further, transfer by applying a voltage opposite to the charged polarity of the toner to the conductive rubber roll The toner image is transferred to a transfer material such as paper by the means 105, and the untransferred toner remaining on the photoreceptor after the transfer is collected by a developing device in the development in the next image forming step. Further, in recent years, there has been proposed a process for reducing the size of the apparatus, eliminating the cleaning process, and converting a latent image into a toner image while taking in untransferred toner into a developing device.
[0005]
In such an electrophotographic apparatus, as a means for charging a photoreceptor, a charging method using an ion generator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-281834 has been proposed. FIG. 8B shows the structure of a general ion generator 202. An ion generating electrode 9 and an induction electrode 6 are provided on both surfaces of a dielectric 7 made of ceramic, glass, or the like. And a structure covered with an insulator 8 such as glass. Although not shown, the ion generating electrode 9 is coated with a glass coating (not shown) for the purpose of environmental stability and prevention of deterioration due to electric discharge. Further, a heating member 5 is provided to further enhance the discharge stability, and by operating the switch 1 with the circuit configuration shown in the drawing, a driving AC voltage 2 is applied between the ion generating electrode 9 and the induction electrode 6, Further, a DC bias voltage 3 is applied to the ion generating electrode 9. Since the AC voltage has a frequency of several KHz to several hundred KHz and an output voltage of a high frequency and a high voltage of 0.5 to 5 KVp-p, when an AC voltage 2 is applied between these electrodes with the dielectric 7 interposed therebetween, an induction electrode is formed. A creeping discharge occurs between the ion generating electrode 6 and the ion generating electrode 9, and air around the ion generating electrode 9 is ionized, and positive and negative ions are generated in the vicinity thereof. Here, when a negative DC bias voltage 3 is applied as shown in FIG. 8B, only negative ions are extracted from the ion generator 202. When the DC bias voltage 3 is positive, positive ions are extracted. Further, at the same time as the charging, the power supply 4 provided as a power supply for the heating member 5 is also driven to the heating means, and a DC voltage of about 12 to 24 V is applied.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-281834
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the apparatus configured as described above, in order to stably generate ions, it is necessary to increase the temperature in the vicinity of the electrode of the generator, which increases the temperature of the photoconductor and increases the sensitivity of the photoconductor. And the image density fluctuated. In particular, in an image forming step without a cleaning means, if the temperature of the photosensitive member is high, the toner resin or an additional substance adheres to the photosensitive member, which significantly damages the photosensitive member, and has not been put to practical use. In addition, in the heating means of the ion charger, the power supply is performed simultaneously with the charging operation, so that the printing operation cannot be started until the temperature is sufficiently raised, but it is necessary to take a sufficiently long time to keep this time constant. There is also a problem that the user has to wait a long time before the printing is started.
[0008]
In the ion charger, the temperature conditions near the electrodes must be changed according to the temperature and humidity, and it is necessary to adjust the power supply voltage supplied to the heating means for controlling the temperature of the ion charger. However, there is also a problem that the power supply cost increases.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above technical problems, and can perform stable electrification without the need for complicated heating means even when used in an image forming step without a cleaning means, and furthermore, ozone It is an object of the present invention to provide an image forming apparatus including a charging unit capable of reducing the generation amount.
[0010]
Another object is to minimize the waiting time until printing starts.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problem, the invention according to claim 1 includes a step of charging a photoreceptor to a desired charging level, a step of exposing with a scanning laser beam or an LED array to form an electrostatic latent image, A step of forming a toner image by electrically attaching powder charged with toner to a desired polarity to the electrostatic latent image, a step of transferring the toner image to a transfer medium, and a step of forming a toner image on the transfer medium; An electrophotographic process comprising a step of collecting the untransferred toner on the developing device, wherein the charging means is an ion generator, and the ion generator does not raise the temperature of the photoconductor by more than a certain value. Image forming apparatus.
[0012]
In such an electrophotographic apparatus, since a charger that does not contact like a charger such as a roller or a brush is used, there is no deterioration in the performance of the charger due to toner adhesion to the charger, and the ion generator generates ozone. Since ions are generated at a voltage lower than the voltage, charging with low ozone is possible. However, such an ion generator needs to raise the temperature in the vicinity of the discharge part in order to stabilize the discharge (charging). At this time, by preventing the temperature of the photosensitive drum from rising more than a certain level, The sensitivity of the photosensitive member was changed so that the image density was not changed. Further, in the image forming process without the cleaning means, it is possible to prevent the photosensitive member from being significantly damaged due to the toner resin and the additive substance being fixed to the photosensitive member.
[0013]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image forming apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the ion generator according to the first aspect has means for increasing a temperature in the vicinity thereof and means for controlling the temperature.
[0014]
This allows the ion generator to operate at the lowest temperature at which the photoreceptor that changes in accordance with the environment and other conditions can be stably charged, so that the surface temperature of the photoreceptor is suppressed to a temperature range where the sensitivity does not change. In the image forming step without cleaning means, the toner resin and the additional substance adhere to the photoreceptor, so that the photoreceptor can be stably charged without significantly damaging the photoreceptor. A forming device is provided.
[0015]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image processing apparatus according to the second aspect, further comprising means for recognizing temperature and humidity, and means for controlling a temperature near the ion generator based on the information on the temperature and humidity. Forming equipment. Thus, the ion generator can be stably operated at the lowest temperature corresponding to the temperature and humidity.
[0016]
Therefore, it is possible to control the temperature at the lowest temperature, suppress the surface temperature of the photoconductor to a temperature at which the sensitivity does not change, and in the image forming process without the cleaning unit, the toner resin and the additional substance adhere to the photoconductor. In addition, the present invention provides an image forming apparatus capable of stably charging the ion generator without significantly damaging the photoconductor.
[0017]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the temperature control of the ion generator of the second aspect, a control before the printing operation and a control during the printing operation are performed.
[0018]
As a result, a good image can be obtained without printing when the ion generator is underheated.
[0019]
5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the control before the printing operation is performed by changing the temperature rising time according to the recognized temperature and humidity.
[0020]
As a result, the ion generator is heated without excess or shortage regardless of temperature and humidity, and a stable image can be obtained from the beginning with the minimum necessary power.
[0021]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the image forming apparatus according to the fourth aspect, during the printing operation, the power supply to the heat source is a pulse current of a constant voltage.
[0022]
Thus, there is no need to control the voltage of the power supply supplied to the heat source, so that the power supply and the power supply control means can be simplified.
[0023]
7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the duty of the pulse current is changed by the recognized temperature and humidity.
[0024]
Thus, the ion generator can be stably operated at the lowest temperature corresponding to the temperature and humidity by the simplified power supply and the power supply control means without depending on the complicated control.
[0025]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
[0026]
In the image forming apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, a step of charging a photoreceptor to a desired charging level, a step of exposing with a scanning laser beam or an LED array to form an electrostatic latent image, Forming a toner image by electrically adhering a powder charged to a polarity to an electrostatic latent image, transferring the toner image to a transfer medium, and forming a toner image on the transfer medium; This is an electrophotographic process including a step of collecting the remaining toner in the developing device. As shown in FIG. 1, there is a charging unit 202, a photosensitive member 101, and a developing device 104. Then, the charging unit 202 is charged to about -600 V, and the portion exposed by the exposure optical system 103 is reduced in potential to about -80 V to form an electrostatic latent image. When the photosensitive member 101 further rotates and the latent image reaches the developing device 104, the photosensitive member 101 comes into contact with the rotating toner holding member 104-1 holding the negatively charged toner. At this time, a voltage of about -300 V is applied to the toner holding member 104-1. The toner adheres to the exposed portion of the latent image and does not adhere to the non-exposed portion. The resulting toner image is visualized. Next, the transfer medium 106 is fed in the direction of arrow B by a medium feeding means (not shown), and comes into contact with the photosensitive member 101 holding the toner image, and the transfer means 105 electrically transfers the toner image to the transfer medium side.
[0027]
At this time, the transfer unit 105 does not necessarily transfer all the toner, and generally about 5 to 10% of the toner remains on the photoconductor 101 without being transferred. Further, since the transfer unit 105 transfers the toner image, a potential difference of about +600 V to +2000 V is generated, so that a part of the remaining toner is positively charged, which is opposite to the original charge polarity of negative. When the residual toner passes through the developing means, it is collected in a developing device and is used again for development.
[0028]
The present invention is characterized in that the charging means 202 is an ion generator and the ion generator does not raise the temperature of the photoreceptor more than a certain level. It works effectively to make it usable. In general, an organic photoreceptor is used for the photoreceptor 101 because it is environmentally safe and inexpensive. However, the organic photoreceptor changes its sensitivity at high temperatures and the toner components adhere to the surface. And avoid raising the temperature. On the other hand, since the ion generator is charged by ions generated by the creeping discharge phenomenon, it is required to have a conflicting atmosphere condition that the ambient temperature must be increased by heating. According to the present invention, by controlling the heating temperature of the ion generator 202, the charging is stabilized, and an image can be formed without affecting the photoconductor 101.
[0029]
3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said ion generator has means for increasing a temperature in the vicinity of said ion generator, and means for controlling the temperature.
[0030]
As a result, the surface temperature of the photoreceptor is suppressed to a temperature at which the sensitivity does not change. Also, in an image forming process without a cleaning unit, the photoreceptor is significantly damaged because the toner resin and the additional substance adhere to the photoreceptor. Further, the present invention provides an image forming apparatus capable of stabilizing the charging of the ion generator. The circuit diagram shown in FIG. 2 is a specific embodiment of the present invention, and the heating control means 210 enables the power supply 4 of the heating member 5 arranged in contact with the ion generator 202 to be turned on and off, so that heating is performed more than necessary. I did not do it.
[0031]
An image forming apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention has a means for recognizing temperature and humidity in claim 2 and a means for controlling the temperature near the ion generator based on the information on the temperature and humidity. An image forming apparatus comprising: This makes it possible to control at the lowest temperature at which the charging of the ion generator can be stabilized, suppresses the surface temperature of the photoreceptor to a temperature at which the sensitivity does not change, and in an image forming step without a cleaning unit. And an image forming apparatus capable of stabilizing the charging of the ion generator without remarkably damaging the photoreceptor because toner resin or an additive substance adheres to the photoreceptor.
[0032]
The graph shown in FIG. 3 is the required heating temperature that changes for each temperature and humidity.
[0033]
Although the absolute value of the actual required heating value varies depending on the structure of the ion generator and the device configuration, the tendency is consistent.
[0034]
An image forming apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention, wherein in the temperature control of the ion generator according to claim 2, control before a printing operation and control during a printing operation are performed.
[0035]
As a result, a good image can be obtained without printing when the ion generator is underheated.
[0036]
The graph shown in FIG. 4 shows the temperature change of the ion generator before and after the start of the printing operation. The ion generator is heated to the required temperature by the start of the printing operation by the heating by the control before the printing operation, and after the printing operation is started, the ion generator is maintained at the required temperature by the heating during the printing operation.
[0037]
The image forming apparatus according to claim 5 of the present invention, wherein the control before the printing operation according to claim 4 changes the temperature rise time according to the recognized temperature and humidity.
[0038]
As a result, the ion generator is heated without excess and irrespective of temperature and humidity, and a stable image can be obtained from the beginning with the minimum necessary power.
[0039]
FIG. 5 shows the algorithm of the implemented control program. Table 1 shows the experimental result values for assigning the necessary heating time from the obtained temperature and humidity information.
[0040]
6. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the control during the printing operation is performed by supplying a power to the heat source with a pulse current of a constant voltage.
[0041]
Thus, there is no need to control the voltage of the power supply supplied to the heat source, so that the power supply and the power supply control means can be simplified.
[0042]
FIG. 6 shows the voltage supplied to the heat source before and after the start of the printing operation according to the executed control program. As shown in FIG. 6, if the voltage supplied to the heat source before the printing operation and the voltage supplied to the heat source during the printing operation are set to the same constant voltage, it is not necessary to change the voltage at the power supply, so that the power supply is simplified. It is possible, and there is no need to waste power.
[0043]
The frequency of the pulse current is preferably several Hz or more so as not to cause printing unevenness.
[0044]
7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the duty of the pulse current is changed according to the recognized temperature and humidity.
[0045]
Thus, the ion generator can be stably operated at the lowest temperature corresponding to the temperature and humidity by the simplified power supply and the power supply control means without depending on the complicated control.
[0046]
FIG. 7 shows an algorithm of the implemented control program. Table 2 shows the experimental result values for assigning the required duty from the obtained temperature and humidity information.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the image forming apparatus of the present invention, even when the ion generator is used, good charging can be obtained without increasing the temperature of the photoconductor, and the sensitivity of the photoconductor surface temperature does not change. In the image forming process which does not have the temperature and does not have the cleaning means, the toner resin and the added substance are stuck to the photoreceptor so that the photoreceptor is not significantly impaired and the charge of the ion generator is stabilized. Can be realized.
[0048]
Further, according to the image forming apparatus of the present invention, the ion generator can be operated at the lowest temperature at which the photoconductor, which changes according to the environment and other conditions, can be stably charged. In the image forming step which can be suppressed to a temperature range which does not change and which does not have a cleaning means, the photosensitive member is not remarkably damaged because the toner resin and the additive substance adhere to the photosensitive member.
[0049]
Further, according to the image forming apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to stably operate the ion generator at the lowest temperature according to the temperature and humidity.
[0050]
Further, according to the image forming apparatus of the present invention, a good image can be obtained without printing when the ion generator is underheated.
[0051]
Further, according to the image forming apparatus of the present invention, the ion generator is heated without excess or shortage irrespective of temperature and humidity, and a stable image can be obtained from the beginning with the minimum necessary power.
[0052]
Further, according to the image forming apparatus of the present invention, since it is not necessary to control the voltage of the power supply supplied to the heat source, the power supply and the power supply control unit can be simplified.
[0053]
Further, according to the image forming apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to stably operate the ion generator at a minimum temperature according to the temperature and humidity by using a simplified power supply and a power supply control unit without complicated control. Can be.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a detailed structure of an ion generator according to an embodiment of the present invention and an electric circuit of a heating unit. FIG. 3 is a graph showing a required heating temperature that changes with each temperature and humidity used in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a graph showing ion generation before and after the start of a printing operation used in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a graph showing a temperature change of a container. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an algorithm of a control program before printing operation used in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an algorithm of a control program used in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows an algorithm of a pre-printing operation control program used in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 (a) is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of an image forming apparatus in a conventional example, and FIG. Generator Sectional view showing the detailed structure EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
101 Photoconductor 102 Charging means 103 Exposure optical system 104 Developing device 104-1 Toner holding member 105 Transfer means (transfer roller)
106 transfer medium 202 charging means (ion generator)
210 Heating control means

Claims (7)

感光体を所望の帯電レベルまで帯電させる工程、走査するレーザー光又は、LEDアレー等で露光し、静電潜像を形成する工程、トナーを所望の極性に帯電した粉体を前記静電潜像に電気的に付着させトナー像を形成する工程、転写媒体に転写し、トナー画像を転写媒体に形成する工程、転写後の感光体上の転写できなかったトナーを該現像装置に回収する工程を具備する電子写真プロセスにおいて、帯電手段が、イオン発生器でありかつイオン発生器が該感光体の温度を一定以上上昇させないことを特徴とする画像形成装置。A step of charging the photoreceptor to a desired charge level, a step of exposing with a scanning laser beam or an LED array or the like to form an electrostatic latent image, Forming a toner image by electrically attaching the toner image to a transfer medium, forming a toner image on the transfer medium, and collecting untransferred toner on the photoconductor after transfer to the developing device. An image forming apparatus comprising: an electrophotographic process, wherein the charging unit is an ion generator, and the ion generator does not raise the temperature of the photoconductor by a certain amount or more. 請求項1のイオン発生器がその近傍温度を上昇させる手段を有し、かつ温度を制御する手段を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。2. An image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said ion generator has means for increasing the temperature in the vicinity thereof and means for controlling the temperature. 請求項2において温度と湿度を認識する手段を有し、イオン発生器の近傍の温度を該温度と湿度の情報に基づいて制御する手段を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。3. An image forming apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising means for recognizing temperature and humidity, and means for controlling a temperature near the ion generator based on the information on the temperature and humidity. 請求項2のイオン発生器の温度制御において、印字動作前制御と印字動作中制御を行うことを特徴とする画像形成装置。3. An image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein in the temperature control of the ion generator, control before the printing operation and control during the printing operation are performed. 請求項4において、印字動作前制御は、昇温時間を認識した温湿度によって変化させることを特徴とする画像形成装置。5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the control before the printing operation changes the heating time by the recognized temperature and humidity. 請求項4において、印字動作中制御は、熱源に供給する電源を一定電圧のパルス電流であることを特徴とする画像形成装置。5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein during the printing operation, the power supply to the heat source is a pulse current of a constant voltage. 請求項6において、パルス電流のデューティを認識した温湿度によって変化させることを特徴とする画像形成装置。7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the duty of the pulse current is changed according to the recognized temperature and humidity.
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JP2009251159A (en) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-29 Kobayashi Create Co Ltd Method of manufacturing color filter
JP2009300597A (en) * 2008-06-11 2009-12-24 Sharp Corp Ion generating element, charging device, and image forming apparatus
US8068768B2 (en) 2008-06-11 2011-11-29 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Ion generating element, charging device, and image forming apparatus
US8073365B2 (en) 2008-12-22 2011-12-06 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Ion generating device, charging device, and image forming apparatus

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